Floating foundation, tower drum and wind generating set

Abstract

The utility model provides a floating foundation and a wind generating set. The floating foundation comprises a bearing table and a plurality of buoyancy control parts, the buoyancy control parts are arranged on the lower portion of the bearing table at intervals, each buoyancy control part comprises an adjusting plate, a driving part and an angle adjusting part, the adjusting plates are arranged below the bearing table, the upper ends of the driving parts are connected with the bearing table, and the lower ends of the driving parts are rotatably connected with the adjusting plates; the driving part can drive the adjusting plate to move up and down, and the angle adjusting part is arranged between the driving part and the adjusting plate and can adjust the posture of the adjusting plate so as to adjust buoyancy borne by the floating foundation. According to the floating type foundation provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the floating type foundation shakes, the magnitude of buoyancy borne by the floating type foundation on the corresponding area can be adjusted by adjusting the posture change of the adjusting plate in the movement process, so that the situation that the floating type foundation shakes is dealt with, it is ensured that the floating type foundation is subjected to evenly-distributed buoyancy, and therefore the floating type foundation is protected. And the overall stability of the floating foundation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wind turbine technology, specifically to a floating foundation and a wind turbine generator set. Background Technology

[0002] Wind energy, with its large reserves and lack of pollution, has led to the rapid development of wind power generation technology. Currently, wind turbines are mainly installed on land and near-shore areas. Due to the limited onshore wind resources and the advantages of building wind turbines offshore, such as not occupying land resources and eliminating noise pollution, wind power generation technology is gradually expanding into deeper and more remote sea areas. In this process, the structural design of floating foundations has become a crucial issue that urgently needs to be addressed.

[0003] Currently, the floating foundations used for wind turbines mainly include single-column structures, tension leg structures, semi-submersible structures, barge structures, and their derivative forms. However, these floating foundations are prone to varying degrees of swaying under complex and changing sea and wind conditions, which in turn affects the stable operation of the wind turbine generator. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this application is to provide a floating foundation and a wind turbine generator set to solve the problem of low stability of floating foundations in the prior art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a floating foundation is provided, the floating foundation including a support platform and a plurality of buoyancy control units, wherein the plurality of buoyancy control units are spaced apart and arranged on the lower part of the support platform; the buoyancy control unit includes: an adjustment plate, a drive unit, and an angle adjustment unit, the adjustment plate being disposed below the support platform; the upper end of the drive unit is connected to the support platform, the lower end of the drive unit is rotatably connected to the adjustment plate, the drive unit is capable of driving the adjustment plate to move up and down, and the angle adjustment unit is disposed between the drive unit and the adjustment plate, capable of adjusting the attitude of the adjustment plate to adjust the buoyancy of the floating foundation.

[0006] According to the floating foundation provided in this application embodiment, multiple buoyancy control units are spaced apart and arranged at the lower part of the support platform. They work together to ensure the support platform remains stable in the fluid and can adjust the buoyancy in corresponding areas as needed. Specifically, the drive unit of each buoyancy control unit can move the corresponding adjustment plate up and down, and the angle adjustment unit adjusts the attitude of the adjustment plate to adapt to its vertical movement. Thus, when the floating foundation sways under the influence of ocean currents and wind forces from different directions, the magnitude of the buoyancy experienced by the floating foundation in the corresponding area can be adjusted by changing the attitude of the adjustment plate during movement. This addresses the swaying of the floating foundation, ensuring a uniform distribution of buoyancy and improving the overall stability of the floating foundation.

[0007] In some embodiments, when the drive unit moves downward, the angle adjustment unit enables the adjustment plate to be in a first posture, and when the drive unit moves upward, the angle adjustment unit enables the adjustment plate to be in a second posture, wherein the angle between the adjustment plate and the horizontal direction in the first posture is smaller than the angle between the adjustment plate and the horizontal direction in the second posture.

[0008] In these embodiments, the angle between the adjusting plate and the horizontal direction in the first posture is smaller than the angle between the adjusting plate and the horizontal direction in the second posture. This affects the projected area of ​​the adjusting plate in its direction of motion when it rises and falls. By changing the projected area of ​​the adjusting plate in its direction of motion when it rises and falls, continuous and dynamic adjustment of the buoyancy force on the floating foundation can be achieved. This helps reduce the swaying of the floating foundation under the action of external forces such as waves and wind, improves its stability in water, and ensures that the floating foundation maintains a stable posture under various working conditions. In addition, it helps prevent structural damage or equipment failure caused by excessive swaying, thereby improving the overall safety of the floating foundation.

[0009] In some embodiments, the angle adjustment part includes a limiting plate, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driving part. When the driving part drives the adjustment plate to move downward, the upper surface of the adjustment plate abuts against the lower surface of the limiting plate, so that the adjustment plate is kept in a first posture.

[0010] In these embodiments, by setting a limit plate to limit the posture of the adjusting plate during downward movement, it is possible to prevent excessive tilting or exceeding the predetermined posture range. Furthermore, using a limit plate for posture limiting is simple and reliable, and simplifies posture adjustment, allowing operators to more easily adjust the adjusting plate to the required angle without worrying about it exceeding safe or effective operating limits. In addition, the mechanical components have higher reliability and stability, a longer service life, and can reduce losses due to downtime caused by malfunctions.

[0011] In some embodiments, the angle adjustment part further includes an elastic element, the two ends of which are connected to the adjustment plate and the drive part respectively. In the horizontal direction, the limiting plate and the elastic element are disposed opposite to each other on the first and second sides of the drive part to keep the adjustment plate in a first posture.

[0012] In these embodiments, the limiting plate and the elastic element are arranged opposite each other on the first and second sides of the drive unit in the horizontal direction. This means that the limiting plate and the elastic element are located on both sides of the drive unit in the horizontal direction. When the adjusting plate moves downward and is affected by the upward water flow, the elastic element can use its elastic properties to provide a certain buffer and support for the adjusting plate, so that the adjusting plate can still maintain the first posture when it is disturbed by external forces, so as to ensure the reliability of buoyancy adjustment and enable it to cope with the complex and ever-changing environmental conditions at sea.

[0013] In some embodiments, the center of gravity of the adjusting plate is biased relative to the driving part toward the first side where the limiting plate is located, and is perpendicular to the lower surface of the limiting plate. When the driving part drives the adjusting plate to move upward, the adjusting plate can flip under the resistance difference between its first side and second side, squeezing the elastic member to deform so as to flip from the first posture to the second posture.

[0014] In these embodiments, the object's motion tends to bring its center of gravity to its lowest or most stable position. Therefore, the center of gravity shift of the adjustment plate can "guide" its movement during the flipping process, thus enabling a simple and effective change of posture.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first posture is that the surface of the adjustment plate is arranged horizontally, and the second posture is that the surface of the adjustment plate is arranged vertically. The limiting plate has a lower surface extending horizontally. In the first posture, the lower surface of the limiting plate abuts against the upper surface of the adjustment plate.

[0016] In these embodiments, in the first posture, the lower surface of the limiting plate abuts against the upper surface of the adjusting plate. Since the lower surface of the limiting plate extends horizontally, it provides a stable support surface, preventing the adjusting plate from moving or tilting horizontally and ensuring its stability during downward movement. Simultaneously, the first posture, with the adjusting plate's surface horizontally arranged, allows for greater upward buoyancy during downward movement. When the adjusting plate flips from the first posture to the second posture, its surface flips from horizontal to vertical, significantly reducing the downward force exerted on the adjusting plate during upward movement and thus avoiding adverse effects on overall buoyancy. In this way, the floating foundation can achieve a more balanced buoyancy distribution in a shorter time, resulting in a more stable state and effectively reducing swaying.

[0017] In some embodiments, the drive unit includes a body and a drive rod that is telescopic relative to the body. The body is connected to the support platform, the lower end of the drive rod is pivotally connected to the adjustment plate, and the limiting plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drive rod and abuts against a predetermined area above the center of gravity of the adjustment plate when the drive unit moves downward.

[0018] In these embodiments, the main body of the drive unit is connected to the support platform, and its drive rod can extend and retract within the main body, thus enabling the drive unit to push or pull the adjustment plate as a whole. The lower end of the drive rod is pivotally connected to the adjustment plate, thereby facilitating the rotation or flipping of the adjustment plate around the pivot axis when pulled by the drive rod, allowing for conversion between different postures. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drive rod. When the drive unit moves downward, the limiting plate abuts against a predetermined area above the center of gravity of the adjustment plate, ensuring that the adjustment plate stably maintains a first posture during downward movement.

[0019] In some embodiments, the surface of the adjusting plate is provided with a lug, one of the driving part and the lug is provided with a shaft hole, and the other of the driving part and the lug is provided with a rotating shaft, which is disposed in the shaft hole to rotatably connect the lower end of the driving part to the adjusting plate.

[0020] In these embodiments, the adjustment plate and the drive unit are rotatably connected by a combination of shaft hole and rotating shaft, resulting in a simple structure.

[0021] In some embodiments, a plurality of the buoyancy control units are arranged in an array on the bottom wall of the support platform, thereby ensuring that the support platform receives uniform buoyancy support at all positions in the circumferential direction, thereby improving the overall stability and balance.

[0022] In some embodiments, the buoyancy control unit includes at least a first buoyancy control unit and a second buoyancy control unit. In the first buoyancy control unit, the limiting plate is disposed on a first side of the drive unit, and the elastic element is disposed on a second side of the drive unit. In the second buoyancy control unit, the limiting plate is disposed on a second side of the drive unit, and the elastic element is disposed on a first side of the drive unit. The first buoyancy control unit and the second buoyancy control unit are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the support platform about the central axis of the support platform.

[0023] In these embodiments, a first buoyancy control unit and a second buoyancy control unit with a mirror configuration are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support platform about the central axis of the support platform. Through coordinated operation, the floating foundation is kept in a stable state, which can prevent tilting or displacement caused by uneven buoyancy.

[0024] In some embodiments, the floating foundation further includes a first sensor, a second sensor, and a flow-facing angle adjustment unit. The first sensor is used to monitor the water flow direction, and the second sensor is used to monitor the current angle of the adjustment plate. When the angle between the surface of the adjustment plate and the water flow direction is greater than a preset angle, the flow-facing angle adjustment unit can drive the drive unit to rotate, thereby reducing the contact area between the adjustment plate and the water flow direction.

[0025] In these embodiments, the introduction of a first sensor, a second sensor, and an angle adjustment unit facilitates intelligent control of the floating foundation, thereby not only improving the stability and efficiency of the floating foundation in the aquatic environment, but also providing strong support for its long-term operation and maintenance.

[0026] In some embodiments, the drive unit includes a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of which is rotatably connected to the support platform, the drive rod of which is connected to the adjusting plate, and the flow angle adjustment unit includes a motor, a main gear, and a driven gear. The motor is mounted on the support platform, the main gear is disposed on the output shaft of the motor, and the driven gear is disposed on the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder and meshes with the main gear.

[0027] In these embodiments, when it is necessary to change the angle of the adjusting plate against the flow, simply start the motor, and the rotation of the hydraulic cylinder body (and the adjusting plate) can be achieved through the transmission action between gears, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle of the flow. The structure is simple, easy to implement, and has high adjustment accuracy and good stability.

[0028] In some embodiments, the floating foundation further includes a controller that, when the adjusting plate is in a second posture and the angle between the surface of the adjusting plate and the direction of water flow is greater than a preset angle, controls the activation of the upstream angle adjusting unit to cause the drive unit to rotate; the controller can also control the moving speed of the drive unit when the drive unit moves up and down, thereby obtaining a greater buoyancy output based on the moving speed, so as to adjust to the expected buoyancy requirement more quickly.

[0029] In these embodiments, the introduction of a controller facilitates later operation, reduces the need for manual intervention, and is better suited to the actual needs of wind turbine generator sets.

[0030] According to a second aspect of this application, a tower is provided, wherein the tower includes a tower body and a floating foundation as described in the above embodiments connected to the lower end of the tower body.

[0031] According to a third aspect of this application, a wind turbine generator set is provided, wherein the wind turbine generator set includes a nacelle and a tower connected to the nacelle according to the embodiments described above. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The above and other objects and features of this application will become clearer from the following description of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a floating foundation according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support platform of a floating foundation according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting plate of a floating foundation in a first posture according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting plate of a floating foundation in a second posture according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the operating state of a floating foundation according to an embodiment of this application.

[0038] Tag name

[0039] 10. Support platform; 11. Installation platform; 12. Connecting seat;

[0040] 20. Buoyancy control unit; 21. Adjustment plate; 221. Drive rod; 22. Drive unit;

[0041] 23. Angle adjustment unit; 231. Limiting plate; 232. Elastic element; 24. First buoyancy control unit;

[0042] 25. Second buoyancy control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following detailed embodiments are provided to aid the reader in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but may be changed as will become clear upon understanding this disclosure, except for operations that must occur in a specific order. Furthermore, for clarity and conciseness, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0044] The features described herein may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein are provided only to illustrate some of the many feasible ways of implementing the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein, which will become clear upon understanding the disclosure of this application.

[0045] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any one of the associated listed items and any combination of any two or more.

[0046] Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe various components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts, these components, assemblies, regions, layers, or parts should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used only to distinguish one component, assembly, region, layer, or part from another. Thus, without departing from the teaching of the examples described herein, the first component, first assembly, first region, first layer, or first part referred to as the first component, first assembly, first region, first layer, or first part may also be referred to as the second component, second assembly, second region, second layer, or second part.

[0047] In the specification, when an element such as a layer, region, or substrate is described as being "on" another element, "connected to," or "bonded to" another element, the element may be directly "on" another element, directly "connected to," or "bonded to" the other element, or one or more other elements may be present in between. Conversely, when an element is described as being "directly on" another element, "directly connected to," or "directly bonded to" another element, no other elements may be present in between.

[0048] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various examples only and is not intended to limit disclosure. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” indicate the presence of the described features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, quantities, operations, components, elements, and / or combinations thereof. The term “a plurality” represents any quantity of two or more.

[0049] The directional terms “upper,” “lower,” “top,” and “bottom” used in this application are all based on the orientation of the floating foundation when it is in normal use.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains after understanding the invention. Unless expressly defined herein, terms such as those defined in a general dictionary shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant field and in this invention, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalistic manner.

[0051] Furthermore, in the description of the examples, detailed descriptions of well-known related structures or functions will be omitted when it is believed that such detailed descriptions would lead to a vague interpretation of the present invention.

[0052] The inventive concept of this application will now be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments.

[0053] According to the first aspect of this application, a floating foundation is provided, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the floating foundation includes a support platform 10 and multiple buoyancy control units 20. The multiple buoyancy control units 20 are spaced apart and arranged on the lower part of the support platform 10. Each buoyancy control unit 20 includes an adjustment plate 21, a drive unit 22, and an angle adjustment unit 23. The adjustment plate 21 is located below the support platform 10. The upper end of the drive unit 22 is connected to the support platform 10, and the lower end of the drive unit 22 is rotatably connected to the adjustment plate 21. The drive unit can move the adjustment plate 21 up and down. The angle adjustment unit 23 is located between the drive unit 22 and the adjustment plate 21, and can adjust the attitude of the adjustment plate 21 to adjust the buoyancy of the floating foundation; specifically, it can adjust the buoyancy of the support platform 10.

[0054] According to the floating foundation provided in this application embodiment, multiple buoyancy control units 20 are spaced apart and arranged at the lower part of the support platform 10 to work together to ensure that the support platform 10 can remain stable in the fluid and to adjust the buoyancy in corresponding areas as needed. Specifically, the drive unit 22 of each buoyancy control unit 20 can drive the corresponding adjustment plate 21 to move up and down, and the attitude of the adjustment plate 21 can be adjusted by the angle adjustment unit 23 to adapt to the up and down movement of the adjustment plate 21. In this way, when the floating foundation sways under the action of ocean currents and wind forces in different directions, the magnitude of the buoyancy on the floating foundation in the corresponding area can be adjusted by adjusting the change in attitude of the adjustment plate 21 during the movement, so as to cope with the swaying of the floating foundation, ensure that the floating foundation receives a uniformly distributed buoyancy, and improve the overall stability of the floating foundation.

[0055] According to an embodiment of this application, the floating foundation includes a support platform 10 and multiple buoyancy control units 20. In this embodiment, the floating foundation can be used independently, directly connected to the tower, or used as an auxiliary component of an existing floating foundation. When used as an auxiliary component of an existing floating foundation, the floating foundation of this application can be connected to the existing floating foundation and the tower via the support platform 10 to enhance the stability and adaptability of the overall structure. It should be noted that the implementation of this application is not limited to this; those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust the relative positions of the existing floating foundation and the floating foundation of this application according to actual needs to meet diverse application scenarios and performance requirements.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, an example of the structure of a support platform according to an embodiment of this application is illustrated. Figure 1 In the example shown, the support platform 10 includes a mounting platform 11 and a plurality of connecting seats 12 connected to the lower end of the mounting platform 11.

[0057] In this embodiment, the support platform 10 can be a floating plate, and the mounting platform 11 is the main body of the support platform 10, used to install the tower and other components that need to be fixed to the floating foundation. The connecting seat 12 serves as a bridging component between the buoyancy control unit 20 (e.g., multiple drive units 22) and the support platform 10, thus ensuring that the buoyancy control unit 20 is stably fixed to the support platform 10. Here, the number and position of the connecting seats 12 can be customized according to the layout and number of the buoyancy control units 20 to ensure that each buoyancy control unit can be stably connected to the support platform 10. As an example, there are 15-20 sets of buoyancy control units 20, and correspondingly, the number of connecting seats 12 is 15-20.

[0058] According to this application, the buoyancy of each area on the floating foundation can be dynamically adjusted by the corresponding buoyancy control unit 20, thereby achieving effective control of the swaying of the floating foundation and ensuring its stability in deep sea or complex sea conditions.

[0059] According to one embodiment of this application, buoyancy can be adjusted by changing the projected area of ​​the adjustment plate 21 in the direction of movement, thereby stabilizing the buoyancy in each area of ​​the floating foundation, reducing the swaying of the floating foundation, and improving its stability and safety in water.

[0060] In some embodiments, when the drive unit 22 moves downward, the angle adjustment unit 23 can make the adjustment plate 21 in a first posture, and when the drive unit 22 moves upward, the angle adjustment unit 23 can make the adjustment plate 21 in a second posture. The angle between the adjustment plate 21 in the first posture and the horizontal direction is smaller than the angle between the adjustment plate 21 in the second posture and the horizontal direction. This can be understood as the projected area of ​​the adjustment plate 21 in the horizontal plane in the first posture being larger than the projected area in the horizontal plane in the second posture.

[0061] Specifically, the drive unit 22, the adjusting plate 21, and the angle adjusting unit 23 work together to fine-tune the buoyancy force on multiple areas of the floating foundation. For example, in the initial state, i.e., when the drive unit 22 is not activated, the adjusting plate 21 is in a horizontal state (i.e., the first posture). When the floating foundation experiences swaying and requires increased buoyancy in a specific area, the drive unit 22 can move the adjusting plate 21 downwards, allowing the adjusting plate 21 to contact the water with the largest possible contact surface, thereby maximizing the upward force of the water. This provides the necessary additional buoyancy to the floating foundation, quickly and effectively suppressing swaying. Furthermore, when the drive unit resets (moves upwards), the angle adjusting unit 23 adjusts the angle of the adjusting plate 21 to minimize its contact surface with the water, aiming to reduce the downward force of the water on the adjusting plate 21 during the reset process, thus avoiding adverse effects on the overall buoyancy. In this way, the floating foundation can achieve a more balanced buoyancy distribution in a shorter time, resulting in a more stable state and effectively reducing swaying.

[0062] According to another embodiment of this application, the buoyancy adjustment effect can also be affected by adjusting the movement speed of the regulating plate 21. Although the movement speed itself does not directly change the buoyancy, it affects the speed and efficiency at which the regulating plate 21 displaces water, thereby affecting the magnitude of the buoyancy. Therefore, the movement speed of the regulating plate 21 can be optimized by controlling the movement speed of the drive unit 22 (such as a hydraulic cylinder) to achieve buoyancy adjustment.

[0063] The working principle of the floating foundation of this application will be specifically introduced below, taking the drive unit 22 as a hydraulic cylinder as an example.

[0064] According to this application, when the drive unit 22 (hydraulic cylinder) is pressurized, the drive rod of the hydraulic cylinder pushes downward, applying a downward force to the adjusting plate 21. In this case, the adjusting plate 21 will move as follows: Figure 3 The lowering posture shown (i.e., the first posture) moves downward. Due to the descent of the adjusting plate 21, the support platform 10 will experience a downward buoyancy force.

[0065] Additionally, when the drive unit 22 (hydraulic cylinder) is depressurized, the drive rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves upward under the action of a spring or other reset mechanism, applying an upward force to the adjusting plate 21. After being subjected to this upward force, the adjusting plate 21 will change to the following position... Figure 4 The rising posture shown is the second posture. Due to the rise of the adjusting plate 21, the support platform 10 will be subjected to a downward force. Reducing the downward force allows the floating foundation to achieve a balanced buoyancy distribution in a shorter time, thereby achieving a more stable state and effectively reducing swaying.

[0066] In this application, the formula for calculating the resistance experienced by the regulating plate 21 when it moves in water is:

[0067]

[0068] In equation (1), F D C is the resistance of water, ρ is the density of water, A is the projected area of ​​the regulating plate 21 in its direction of motion (i.e., the projected area in the horizontal plane, the same below), and v is the speed of the regulating plate 21 in the vertical direction.

[0069] Assuming that the regulating plate 21 moves at the same speed when rising and falling in the water, the resistance it experiences during rising and falling can be calculated separately:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, F DD A is the resistance encountered when the regulating plate 21 descends. D F is the projected area of ​​the regulating plate 21 in its direction of motion as it descends. DU A is the resistance encountered when the regulating plate 21 rises. U It is the projected area of ​​the adjusting plate 21 in its direction of movement when it rises.

[0072] Because the adjusting plate 21 has different postures during the rising and falling process, its projected area in the direction of movement is different, and the pressure it receives is also different.

[0073] The pressures required by the drive unit 22 when the regulating plate 21 descends and ascends are respectively:

[0074] F HD =F DD -G B (4)

[0075] F HU =F DU +G B (5)

[0076] In the formula, F HD F is the pressure value provided by the drive unit when the regulating plate 21 descends.HU It is the pressure provided by the drive unit when the regulating plate 21 rises, G B It is the weight of the adjusting plate 21 itself.

[0077] At the same time, F HD and F HU The reaction force of the resultant force provides buoyancy to the support platform 10 through the drive unit 22. The magnitude of the buoyancy is:

[0078] F Fq =F HD -F HU -2G H (6)

[0079] In the formula, F Fq The buoyancy provided by the drive unit 22 to the support platform 10, G H The weight of the drive unit 22 is used. The buoyancy is calculated using formulas (2) to (6):

[0080]

[0081] As can be seen from Equation (7), the buoyancy provided by the drive unit 22 to the support platform 10 can be adjusted by changing the projected area of ​​the adjustment plate 21 in its direction of motion when it rises and falls, and by adjusting the speed of the adjustment plate 21 in the vertical direction.

[0082] Therefore, the buoyancy force on the entire system is:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, F Fall It is the buoyancy force on the entire system, F Fs It is the buoyancy generated by the drainage of the entire system.

[0085] When the buoyancy F Fall When the weight of the wind turbine and the support platform 10 is equal, a stable floating state can be achieved.

[0086] In these embodiments, by changing the projected area and speed of the regulating plate 21 in its direction of movement during ascent and descent, continuous and dynamic adjustment of the buoyancy force on the floating foundation can be achieved. This helps reduce the swaying of the floating foundation under the influence of external forces such as waves and wind, improves its stability in water, and ensures that the floating foundation maintains a stable posture under various working conditions. In addition, it helps prevent structural damage or equipment failure caused by excessive swaying, thereby improving the overall safety of the floating foundation.

[0087] According to this application, the angle adjustment unit 23 can achieve its adjustment function through a mechanical structure, such as by the cooperation of gears, levers, sliding blocks, etc., so that the angle adjustment unit 23 can adjust its angle in a desired manner. Of course, it should be noted that the angle adjustment unit 23 according to this application is not limited to mechanical adjustment only, and those skilled in the art can combine it with other adjustment methods under the teachings of this application.

[0088] In some embodiments, the angle adjustment part 23 includes a limiting plate 231, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the drive part 22. When the drive part 22 drives the adjustment plate 21 to move downward, the upper surface of the adjustment plate 21 abuts against the lower surface of the limiting plate 231, so that the adjustment plate 21 is kept in the first posture.

[0089] In these embodiments, by setting a limiting plate 231 to limit the posture of the adjusting plate 21 during downward movement, it is possible to prevent it from tilting excessively or exceeding the predetermined posture range. Furthermore, using a limiting plate for posture limiting is simple and reliable, and simplifies posture adjustment, allowing operators to more easily adjust the adjusting plate 21 to the required angle without worrying about it exceeding safe or effective operating limits. In addition, the mechanical components have higher reliability and stability, a longer service life, and can reduce losses due to downtime caused by malfunctions.

[0090] In some embodiments, the drive unit 22 and the adjustment plate 21 are rotatably connected, and the angle adjustment unit 23 further includes an elastic member 232. The two ends of the elastic member 232 are respectively connected to the adjustment plate 21 and the drive unit 22. In the horizontal direction, the limiting plate 231 and the elastic member 232 are disposed opposite to each other on the first side and the second side of the drive unit 22 to keep the adjustment plate 21 in a first posture.

[0091] In these embodiments, the limiting plate 231 and the elastic member 232 are arranged opposite each other in the horizontal direction on the first and second sides of the drive part 22. This means that the limiting plate 231 and the elastic member 232 are located on both sides (i.e., the first and second sides) in the horizontal direction of the drive part 22. When the adjusting plate 21 moves downward and is affected by an external force (e.g., an upward water flow impact), the elastic member 232 can use its elastic properties to provide a certain buffer and support for the adjusting plate 21, so that the adjusting plate 21 can still maintain the first attitude when it is disturbed by external forces, so as to ensure the reliability of buoyancy adjustment and enable it to cope with the complex and ever-changing environmental conditions at sea.

[0092] In some embodiments, the center of gravity of the adjusting plate 21 is biased relative to the driving part 22 toward the first side where the limiting plate 231 is located, and is perpendicular to the lower surface of the limiting plate 231. When the driving part 22 drives the adjusting plate 21 to move upward, the adjusting plate 21 can flip under the action of the resistance difference between its first side and second side, and compress the elastic member 232 to deform so as to flip from the first posture to the second posture.

[0093] In this embodiment, the elastic element 232 is a spring. When the adjusting plate 21 is in the first posture, the spring is in its initial state; when the adjusting plate 21 is in the second posture, the spring is in a compressed state. The center of gravity of the adjusting plate 21 is biased relative to the driving part 22 towards the first side where the limiting plate 231 is located, thus facilitating automatic flipping. Specifically, the driving part 22 and the adjusting plate 21 are rotatably connected. When the driving part 22 applies an upward force to the adjusting plate 21, due to the shift in the center of gravity, the adjusting plate 21 experiences uneven resistance. During the upward movement, the first side (closer to the limiting plate 231) experiences greater resistance, while the second side (far from the limiting plate 231) experiences relatively less resistance. This resistance difference generates a flipping torque, causing the adjusting plate 21 to flip about one of its rotation axes. When the adjusting plate 21 flips from the first posture to the second posture, it compresses the elastic element 232 located on its second side, causing it to deform and store energy. After the drive unit 22 stops moving, the elastic element 232 releases its stored energy and pushes the adjustment plate 21 to move in the opposite direction, thus realizing the automatic recovery from the second posture to the first posture in preparation for the next buoyancy adjustment.

[0094] In these embodiments, the object's motion tends to bring its center of gravity to the lowest or most stable position. Therefore, the center of gravity offset of the adjustment plate 21 can "guide" its movement during the flipping process, thus enabling a simple and effective change of posture.

[0095] In some embodiments, the surface of the adjustment plate 21 in the first posture is arranged horizontally, and the surface of the adjustment plate 21 in the second posture is arranged vertically. The limiting plate 231 has a lower surface extending in the horizontal direction. In the first posture, the lower surface of the limiting plate 231 abuts against the upper surface of the adjustment plate 21.

[0096] In these embodiments, in the first posture, the lower surface of the limiting plate 231 abuts against the upper surface of the adjusting plate 21. Since the lower surface of the limiting plate 231 extends horizontally, it provides a stable support surface, preventing the adjusting plate 21 from moving or tilting horizontally and ensuring the stability of the adjusting plate 21 during downward movement. Simultaneously, the first posture, with the adjusting plate 21 horizontally positioned, allows for greater upward buoyancy during its downward movement. When the adjusting plate 21 flips from the first posture to the second posture, its surface flips from horizontal to vertical, significantly reducing the downward force exerted on the adjusting plate 21 during upward movement and thus avoiding adverse effects on overall buoyancy. In this way, the floating foundation can achieve a more balanced buoyancy distribution in a shorter time, resulting in a more stable state and effectively reducing swaying.

[0097] In some embodiments, the drive unit 22 includes a body and a drive rod 221 that can extend and retract relative to the body. The body is connected to the support platform 10. The lower end of the drive rod 221 is pivotally connected to the adjustment plate 21. The limiting plate 231 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drive rod 221 and abuts against a predetermined area above the center of gravity position of the adjustment plate 21 when the drive unit 22 moves downward.

[0098] In these embodiments, the main body of the drive unit 22 is connected to the support platform 10, and its drive rod 221 can extend and retract within the main body, thus enabling the drive unit 22 to push or pull the adjustment plate 21 as a whole. The lower end of the drive rod 221 is pivotally connected to the adjustment plate 21, thus facilitating the rotation or flipping of the adjustment plate 21 around the pivot axis when pulled by the drive rod 221, allowing for conversion between different postures. The limiting plate 231 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drive rod 221. When the drive unit 22 moves downward, the limiting plate can abut against a predetermined area above the center of gravity of the adjustment plate 21, so that the adjustment plate 21 can be stably maintained in the first posture when moving downward.

[0099] In some embodiments, the surface of the adjusting plate 21 is provided with a lug, one of the driving part 22 and the lug is provided with a shaft hole, and the other of the driving part 22 and the lug is provided with a rotating shaft, which is disposed in the shaft hole to rotatably connect the lower end of the driving part 22 to the adjusting plate 21.

[0100] In these embodiments, the adjustment plate 21 and the drive unit 22 are rotatably connected by a combination of shaft hole and rotating shaft, which is simple in structure.

[0101] In some embodiments, multiple buoyancy control units 20 are arranged in an array on the bottom wall of the support platform 10. As an example, the array arrangement can be regular, such as a rectangular array, a circular array, etc., or it can be irregular, or customized according to actual needs. The purpose of the array arrangement is to ensure that the support platform 10 receives uniform buoyancy support at all positions in the circumferential direction, thereby improving overall stability and balance.

[0102] In some embodiments, the buoyancy control unit 20 includes at least a first buoyancy control unit 24 and a second buoyancy control unit 25. In the first buoyancy control unit 24, a limiting plate 231 is disposed on the first side of the drive unit 22, and an elastic member 232 is disposed on the second side of the drive unit 22. In the second buoyancy control unit 25, a limiting plate 231 is disposed on the second side of the drive unit 22, and an elastic member 232 is disposed on the first side of the drive unit 22. The first buoyancy control unit 24 and the second buoyancy control unit 25 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the support platform 10 about the central axis of the support platform 10.

[0103] In these embodiments, the first buoyancy control unit 24 and the second buoyancy control unit 25, which have a mirror configuration, are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support platform 10 about the central axis of the support platform 10. Through coordinated operation, the floating foundation is kept in a stable state, which can prevent tilting or displacement caused by uneven buoyancy.

[0104] It should be noted that although the first buoyancy control unit 24 and the second buoyancy control unit 25 differ in structure, their working principles are similar. Both use the telescopic movement of the drive unit 22 to rotate the adjusting plate 21, thereby changing the overall buoyancy of the buoyancy control unit. This design allows the buoyancy control unit to be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different working environments and application scenarios.

[0105] In some embodiments, multiple buoyancy control units are evenly distributed around the center of gravity of the support platform 10. This ensures that the torque generated by the floating foundation during buoyancy adjustment is balanced in all directions, helping to prevent the risk of capsizing due to uneven stress, especially in the face of complex and variable water flow and wave conditions. Furthermore, having multiple buoyancy control units on each side of the support platform 10 further enhances the system's redundancy and collaborative working capability. This means that even if one or more buoyancy control units fail, the others can continue to operate to maintain the stable attitude of the floating foundation, thus significantly improving the system's fault tolerance and reliability.

[0106] In some embodiments, the floating foundation further includes a first sensor, a second sensor, and a flow-facing angle adjustment unit. The first sensor is used to monitor the water flow direction, and the second sensor is used to monitor the current angle of the adjustment plate 21. When the angle between the plate surface of the adjustment plate 21 and the water flow direction is greater than a preset angle, the flow-facing angle adjustment unit can cause the drive unit 22 to rotate, thereby reducing the contact area between the adjustment plate 21 and the water flow direction, and thus reducing the impact force of the water flow on the floating foundation.

[0107] In these embodiments, the introduction of a first sensor, a second sensor, and an angle adjustment unit facilitates intelligent control of the floating foundation, thereby not only improving the stability and efficiency of the floating foundation in the aquatic environment, but also providing strong support for its long-term operation and maintenance.

[0108] In some embodiments, the drive unit 22 includes a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of which is rotatably connected to the support platform 10. The drive rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the adjusting plate 21. The flow angle adjustment unit includes a motor, a main gear, and a driven gear. The motor is mounted on the support platform 10, the main gear is located on the output shaft of the motor, and the driven gear is located on the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder and meshes with the main gear. It should be noted that the drive unit 22 also includes a hydraulic pump, which is mounted on the support platform 10. This mounting method not only facilitates the installation and maintenance of the hydraulic pump but also ensures its stability and reliability during operation.

[0109] In these embodiments, when it is necessary to change the angle of the adjusting plate 21, it is only necessary to start the motor, and the rotation of the hydraulic cylinder body (and the adjusting plate 21) can be achieved through the transmission action between gears, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the angle of the flow. The structure is simple, easy to implement, and has high adjustment accuracy and good stability.

[0110] In some embodiments, the floating foundation further includes a controller. When the adjusting plate 21 is in a second posture and the angle between the surface of the adjusting plate 21 and the water flow direction is greater than a preset angle, the controller can activate the upstream angle adjustment unit to rotate the drive unit 22, thereby reducing the contact area between the adjusting plate 21 and the water flow direction and reducing the impact force of the water flow on the floating foundation. The controller can also control the moving speed of the drive unit 22 when it moves up and down, thereby obtaining a greater buoyancy output based on the moving speed to adjust to the expected buoyancy requirement more quickly.

[0111] According to this application, the shape of the adjustment plate can be set according to actual needs. Specifically, the shape of the adjustment plate 21 is square, and the drive unit 22 should be rotated and adjusted in the rising posture (second posture) to prevent interference between the adjustment plates 21.

[0112] Specifically, when the adjusting plate 21 is in the second posture (i.e., vertical or near-vertical) and the angle between its surface and the water flow direction is greater than a preset angle, the controller recognizes this situation and activates the flow-facing angle adjustment unit. The motor of the flow-facing angle adjustment unit rotates to drive the drive unit 22 to change the angle between the adjusting plate 21 and the water flow direction, thereby reducing the contact area between the adjusting plate 21 and the water flow direction, reducing the impact force of the water flow on the floating foundation, and improving the stability and safety of the floating foundation. The controller can also control the vertical movement speed of the drive unit 22 according to the buoyancy requirements of the floating foundation. By adjusting the vertical movement speed, further adjustment of buoyancy can be achieved. Specifically, when buoyancy needs to be increased, the controller will increase the vertical movement speed of the drive unit 22; when buoyancy needs to be adjusted slowly, the movement speed can be decreased. This flexible control method allows the floating foundation to reach the expected buoyancy requirements more quickly and adapt to different working environments and conditions.

[0113] In addition, the controller can individually control the motion state of each regulating plate 21, which can keep the floating platform stable in complex ocean currents and further improve the stability of the floating foundation.

[0114] In these embodiments, the introduction of a controller facilitates later operation, reduces the need for manual intervention, and is better suited to the actual needs of wind turbine generator sets.

[0115] According to a second aspect provided in the embodiments of this application, a tower is provided, wherein the tower includes a tower body and a floating foundation as described in the above embodiments connected to the lower end of the tower body.

[0116] According to a third aspect provided in the embodiments of this application, a wind turbine generator set is provided, wherein the wind turbine generator set includes a nacelle and a tower connected to the nacelle as described in the above embodiments.

[0117] While embodiments of this application have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. However, it should be understood that, in the view of those skilled in the art, these modifications and variations will still fall within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application as defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A floating foundation, characterized in that, The floating foundation includes: Support platform (10); Multiple buoyancy control units (20) are spaced apart on the lower part of the support platform (10); The buoyancy control unit (20) includes: An adjustment plate (21) is disposed below the support platform (10); The driving unit (22) has its upper end connected to the support platform (10) and its lower end rotatably connected to the adjusting plate (21). The driving unit (22) can drive the adjusting plate (21) to move up and down. An angle adjustment unit (23) is disposed between the drive unit (22) and the adjustment plate (21), and can adjust the attitude of the adjustment plate (21) to adjust the buoyancy of the floating foundation.

2. The floating foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the drive unit (22) moves downward, the angle adjustment unit (23) enables the adjustment plate (21) to be in a first posture. When the drive unit (22) moves upward, the angle adjustment unit (23) enables the adjustment plate (21) to be in a second posture. The angle between the adjustment plate (21) and the horizontal direction in the first posture is smaller than the angle between the adjustment plate (21) and the horizontal direction in the second posture.

3. The floating foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle adjustment part (23) includes a limiting plate (231), which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the driving part (22). When the driving part (22) drives the adjustment plate (21) to move downward, the upper surface of the adjustment plate (21) abuts against the lower surface of the limiting plate (231), so that the adjustment plate (21) is kept in the first posture.

4. The floating foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle adjustment part (23) further includes an elastic element (232), the two ends of which are connected to the adjustment plate (21) and the drive part (22) respectively. In the horizontal direction, the limiting plate (231) and the elastic element (232) are arranged opposite to each other on the first and second sides of the drive part (22) to keep the adjustment plate (21) in a first posture.

5. The floating foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The center of gravity of the adjusting plate (21) is biased relative to the driving part (22) toward the first side where the limiting plate (231) is located, and is perpendicular to the lower surface of the limiting plate (231). When the driving part (22) drives the adjusting plate (21) to move upward, the adjusting plate (21) can flip under the action of the resistance difference between its first side and second side, and squeeze the elastic element (232) to deform so as to flip from the first posture to the second posture.

6. The floating foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjustment plate (21) in the first posture is arranged horizontally, and the adjustment plate (21) in the second posture is arranged vertically. The limiting plate (231) has a lower surface extending horizontally. In the first posture, the lower surface of the limiting plate (231) abuts against the upper surface of the adjustment plate (21).

7. The floating foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive unit (22) includes a body and a drive rod (221) that can extend and retract relative to the body. The body is connected to the support platform (10). The lower end of the drive rod (221) is pivotally connected to the adjustment plate (21). The limiting plate (231) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drive rod (221) and abuts against a predetermined area above the center of gravity of the adjustment plate (21) when the drive unit (22) moves downward.

8. The floating foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the adjusting plate (21) is provided with a lug, and one of the driving part (22) and the lug is provided with a shaft hole. The other of the driving part (22) and the lug is provided with a rotating shaft, which is disposed in the shaft hole to rotatably connect the lower end of the driving part (22) to the adjusting plate (21).

9. The floating foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple buoyancy control units (20) are arranged in an array on the bottom wall of the support platform (10). The buoyancy control unit (20) includes at least a first buoyancy control unit (24) and a second buoyancy control unit (25). In the first buoyancy control unit (24), the limiting plate (231) is disposed on the first side of the drive unit (22), and the elastic member (232) is disposed on the second side of the drive unit (22). In the second buoyancy control unit (25), the limiting plate (231) is disposed on the second side of the drive unit (22), and the elastic member (232) is disposed on the first side of the drive unit (22). The first buoyancy control unit (24) and the second buoyancy control unit (25) are disposed on both sides of the support platform (10) about the central axis of the support platform (10).

10. The floating foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The floating foundation also includes a first sensor, a second sensor, and a flow-facing angle adjustment unit. The first sensor is used to monitor the water flow direction, and the second sensor is used to monitor the current angle of the adjustment plate (21). When the angle between the plate surface of the adjustment plate (21) and the water flow direction is greater than a preset angle, the flow-facing angle adjustment unit can drive the drive unit (22) to rotate, thereby reducing the contact area between the adjustment plate (21) and the water flow direction.

11. The floating foundation according to claim 10, characterized in that, The drive unit (22) includes a hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder body of which is rotatably connected to the support platform (10), and the drive rod of which is connected to the adjusting plate (21). The flow angle adjustment unit includes: The motor is mounted on the support platform (10); The main gear is mounted on the output shaft of the motor; The gear is mounted on the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder and meshes with the main gear.

12. The floating foundation according to claim 10, characterized in that, The floating foundation also includes a controller. When the adjusting plate (21) is in the second posture and the angle between the plate surface of the adjusting plate (21) and the direction of water flow is greater than a preset angle, the controller can control the upstream angle adjustment unit to start so that the drive unit (22) rotates. The controller can also control the moving speed of the drive unit (22) when the drive unit (22) moves up and down.

13. A tower, characterized in that, The tower includes a tower body and a floating foundation connected to the lower end of the tower body according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A wind turbine generator set, characterized in that, The wind turbine generator set includes a nacelle and a tower according to claim 13 connected to the nacelle.

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