Photovoltaic module
By using a hollow cavity structure inside a transparent front panel made of polymer in photovoltaic modules, the problems of heavy photovoltaic modules and low light utilization efficiency are solved, achieving the effects of lightweighting and improved light utilization efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422840703.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing photovoltaic modules are heavy and their light utilization efficiency needs to be improved.
The transparent front panel, made of a high-molecular polymer, has a hollow cavity structure inside. The inclined sidewalls of the cavity structure enable light-gathering. By incorporating first and second adhesive layers, battery strings, and a backsheet in the laminate, the weight of the module is reduced and the light utilization rate is improved.
The photovoltaic modules have achieved lightweighting and improved light utilization. The selection of transparent front panel materials and cavity structure design effectively reduced the weight of the modules while enhancing the concentration and utilization of sunlight.
Smart Images
Figure CN223553685U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar energy technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, conventional photovoltaic (PV) modules typically consist of a front panel, a first adhesive layer, a cell string, a second adhesive layer, and a backsheet, arranged sequentially. Double-glass PV modules typically use 2.0mm thick glass for both the front and back panels, while single-glass modules typically use 3.2mm thick glass for the front panel and a polymer material for the backsheet. The weight of the PV module, including the glass, is primarily borne by the glass, and the overall module weight is typically 8–12 kg / m². 2 Currently, how to further reduce the weight of photovoltaic modules and improve their light utilization efficiency are urgent problems to be solved. Utility Model Content
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a photovoltaic module.
[0004] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:
[0005] A photovoltaic module, comprising:
[0006] frame;
[0007] A laminate, installed within a frame, includes a transparent front panel made of a polymer, the transparent front panel having a closed or open hollow cavity structure, the cavity structure having sidewalls inclined relative to the thickness direction of the front panel.
[0008] In some embodiments, the laminate further includes a first adhesive layer, a battery string, a second adhesive layer, and a back sheet arranged sequentially along its thickness direction;
[0009] A transparent front panel is applied over the first adhesive layer.
[0010] In some embodiments, the width of the cavity structure gradually decreases along the thickness direction of the laminate; the battery string is disposed on the side of the cavity structure with a larger width.
[0011] In some embodiments, the cavity structure has a triangular and / or circular arc cross-section along the thickness direction of the laminate.
[0012] In some embodiments, the width of the cavity structure in the cross section along the thickness direction of the laminate first gradually increases and then gradually decreases.
[0013] In some embodiments, the cavity structure has a rhomboid cross-section along the thickness direction of the laminate.
[0014] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes a plurality of battery strings with a gap between adjacent battery strings, and the cavity structure includes a first hollow cavity corresponding to the gap between the battery strings.
[0015] In some embodiments, there are gaps between adjacent cells in the battery string, and the cavity structure includes a second hollow cavity corresponding to the gap between the cells.
[0016] In some embodiments, the polymer includes any one of the following:
[0017] Polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate.
[0018] In some embodiments, the thickness of the transparent front panel is 2-5 mm.
[0019] Based on common knowledge in the field, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily to obtain various preferred embodiments of this utility model.
[0020] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows: The photovoltaic module of this invention includes a frame and a laminate installed within the frame. The laminate includes a transparent front panel made of a polymer, and the transparent front panel has a hollow cavity structure inside, with sidewalls inclined relative to the thickness direction of the front panel. In this invention, the transparent front panel is made of a polymer and has a hollow cavity structure inside, which reduces the weight of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, because the cavity structure has sidewalls inclined relative to the thickness direction of the front panel, it can achieve a light-concentrating function, thereby enabling the module to effectively utilize more sunlight and improve light utilization efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a disassembly diagram of a photovoltaic module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure in a preferred embodiment of the present invention when the cross-section is triangular.
[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure with a circular arc cross-section in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure with a rhomboid cross-section in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cavity structure cross-section of a preferred embodiment of the present invention when it is a triangle.
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the light-gathering principle when the cross-section of the cavity structure is triangular, which is a preferred embodiment of this utility model.
[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the battery strings and cells of a photovoltaic module according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0029] Transparent front panel 1
[0030] First adhesive layer 2
[0031] Battery Cell 3
[0032] Second adhesive layer 4
[0033] Backplate 5
[0034] Border 6
[0035] Polymer Material Part 7
[0036] Cavity structure 8
[0037] Junction Box 9
[0038] Laterally extended cavity structure 10
[0039] Longitudinal cavity structure 11 Detailed Implementation
[0040] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present utility model or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0041] It should be noted that in the claims and specification of this patent, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.
[0042] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this embodiment discloses a photovoltaic module, which includes a frame 6, a junction box 9, and a laminate installed in the frame 6.
[0043] The laminate includes a transparent front panel 1 made of a polymer, and the transparent front panel 1 has a closed or open hollow cavity structure 8. A closed cavity means it is not connected to the outside, while an open cavity means it is open at least at one end and connected to the outside. The cavity structure 8 has a thickness direction relative to the front panel. Figures 1-6 The sidewalls are sloping upwards (as shown in the middle).
[0044] In this embodiment, the transparent front panel 1 is made of a high-molecular polymer and has a hollow cavity structure 8 inside, which can reduce the weight of the photovoltaic module. In addition, since the cavity structure 8 has sidewalls that are inclined relative to the thickness direction of the transparent front panel 1, it can achieve a light-concentrating function, thereby enabling the photovoltaic module to effectively utilize more sunlight and improve the light utilization rate.
[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the laminate also includes a first adhesive layer 2, a battery string 3, a second adhesive layer, and a back plate 5 arranged sequentially along its thickness direction. A transparent front panel 1 is covered on the first adhesive layer 2. The junction box 9 is bonded to the back plate 5 with silicone, and, to facilitate the installation of the junction box 9, the back plate 5 is provided with an opening that connects to the junction box 9.
[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the width of the cavity structure 8 gradually decreases along the thickness direction of the laminate; the battery string is disposed on the side with a larger width of the cavity structure. More specifically, the cross-section of the cavity structure 8 along the thickness direction of the laminate is triangular, circular, or a combination thereof.
[0047] In this embodiment, any of the above-described structural forms can achieve the light-concentrating function of the cavity structure 8 in a simple way. The battery string is positioned on the side with the larger width of the cavity structure 8, which can refract light illuminating the spacing between the battery strings or cells onto the battery cells 3, further increasing the light utilization rate between the cells and improving the overall light utilization rate of the module.
[0048] like Figure 7 As shown, the photovoltaic module in this embodiment includes 72 evenly spaced solar cells 3 arranged in a 12*6 pattern. Each horizontally arranged array of 12 solar cells 3 forms a solar cell string, therefore, this embodiment has 6 horizontally parallel solar cell strings.
[0049] There is a gap between two adjacent battery strings, and the cavity structure 8 includes a first hollow cavity corresponding to the gap between the battery strings, i.e. Figure 6 As shown, the cavity structure 8 corresponds to the gap between the battery strings, and the projected area of the hollow cavity 8 in the vertical direction is larger than the area of the gap between the battery strings.
[0050] There are gaps between two adjacent rows or two cells in the battery string, and the cavity structure also includes a second hollow cavity corresponding to the gaps between the cells, i.e. Figure 6 As shown, the cavity structure 8 corresponds to the gap between the battery cells, and the projected area of the hollow cavity 8 in the vertical direction is larger than the area of the gap between the battery cells.
[0051] like Figure 7 As shown, when the cavity structure 8 is arranged horizontally, its position corresponds to the gap between two adjacent upper and lower battery strings (the position shown by the dashed box 10). Of course, there are also horizontally extending cavity structures between other two adjacent battery strings.
[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, when the cavity structure 8 is arranged vertically, its position corresponds to the gap between the two adjacent left and right rows of battery cells (the position shown in the dashed box 11). Of course, there are also vertically extending cavity structures between other adjacent rows of battery cells.
[0053] The photovoltaic module of this embodiment can be provided with only the horizontally extending cavity structure 10, or only the vertically extending cavity structure 11, or both the horizontally extending cavity structure 10 and the vertically extending cavity structure 11 can be provided at the same time.
[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, when the above structure is adopted, due to the different propagation speed of light in different media, the light that originally irradiated the gap between the battery strings is refracted onto the battery cell 3, that is, this part of the light will not pass through the first hollow cavity; the light that originally irradiated the gap between the battery cell 3 is refracted onto the battery cell 3, that is, this part of the light will not pass through the second hollow cavity, thereby improving the light utilization rate of the module.
[0055] The transparent front panel 1 is made of polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer. In this embodiment of the lightweight photovoltaic module, the transparent front panel 1 is made of PC (polycarbonate) or PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate). The density of PC sheets is generally between 1.18 and 1.22 g / cm³, and the density of PMMA is generally between 1.15 and 1.19 g / cm³. 3 The density of glass is generally between 2.4 and 3.0 g / cm3, so the material itself has an inherent advantage in weight, which can meet the needs of distributed photovoltaic modules. In addition, the transparent front panel 1 made of polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate has good hail resistance.
[0056] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the thickness of the transparent front panel 1 is 2-5 mm, and the light transmittance of the transparent front panel is greater than 90%, ensuring good light transmission effect.
[0057] The first adhesive layer or the second adhesive layer 4 on both sides of the battery cell 3 is made of any one or a combination of the following: EVA (ethylene-ethyl acetate), POE (ethylene-octene), PVB (polyvinyl butyral), or SGB (ionomer bonded interlayer). In this embodiment, the adhesive layer made of the above materials can provide good battery cell fixation and adhesion.
[0058] Furthermore, the backsheet 5 is either a double-sided fluorinated PET substrate backsheet 5 or a glass fiber resin backsheet 5. The backsheet 5 has openings for busbar routing. The double-sided fluorinated PET substrate backsheet 5 exhibits excellent weather resistance, resisting the effects of environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation, temperature changes, and humidity. The glass fiber resin backsheet 5, due to its structural strength and weather resistance, provides the mechanical support and long-term stability required for photovoltaic modules.
[0059] Example 2
[0060] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that:
[0061] The width of the cross-section of the cavity structure 8 along the thickness direction of the laminate gradually increases and then gradually decreases. Furthermore, the cross-section of the cavity structure along the thickness direction of the laminate is rhomboid. In this embodiment, using the above structural form, the light-concentrating function of the cavity structure 8 can be achieved in a simple way.
[0062] Everything else is the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: frame; A laminate, installed within a frame, includes a transparent front panel made of a polymer, the transparent front panel having a closed or open cavity structure, the cavity structure having sidewalls inclined relative to the thickness direction of the front panel.
2. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The laminate also includes a first adhesive layer, a battery string, a second adhesive layer, and a backplate arranged sequentially along its thickness direction; The transparent front panel is covered by the first adhesive layer.
3. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the cavity structure gradually decreases along the thickness direction of the laminate; the battery string is disposed on the side of the cavity structure with a larger width along the thickness direction of the laminate.
4. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The cavity structure has a triangular and / or circular arc cross-section along the thickness direction of the laminate.
5. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the cavity structure in the cross section along the thickness direction of the laminate first gradually increases and then gradually decreases.
6. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The cavity structure has a rhomboid cross-section along the thickness direction of the laminate.
7. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module includes multiple battery strings with gaps between adjacent battery strings, and the cavity structure includes a first hollow cavity corresponding to the gaps between the battery strings.
8. The photovoltaic module as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The battery string has gaps between adjacent battery cells, and the cavity structure includes a second hollow cavity corresponding to the gaps between the battery cells.
9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The polymer includes any one of the following: Polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate.
10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The thickness of the transparent front panel is 2-5 mm.