Cylinder cover and engine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a cylinder cover and an engine, and belongs to the technical field of automobile engines. A cylinder cover combustion chamber is defined by the cylinder cover, the cylinder cover is provided with an air inlet channel and an air outlet channel, and the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel communicate with the cylinder cover combustion chamber. A first guide part, a second guide part and a third guide part are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder cover combustion chamber in the gas flowing direction, the first guide part is arranged on the gas inlet side of the cylinder cover combustion chamber, the second guide part is arranged on the top of the cylinder cover combustion chamber, and the third guide part is arranged on the exhaust side of the cylinder cover combustion chamber. According to the cylinder cover, the first guiding part is used for guiding gas to flow to the top of the cylinder cover combustion chamber, the second guiding part is used for changing the gas flow direction, the gas generates turbulent flow, hydrogen and air are promoted to be fully mixed, and the third guiding part is used for guiding the gas to flow in the direction away from the top of the cylinder cover combustion chamber. The combustion efficiency and the combustion effect of the gas are improved, so that preignition of hydrogen is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of automobile engines, and particularly relates to a cylinder head and an engine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The traditional fuel of an automobile engine is mainly gasoline, but with the enhancement of people's environmental protection consciousness and the research on sustainable energy, hydrogen is increasingly regarded as a substitute for traditional fossil fuels as a clean, carbon-free and renewable fuel. Compared with gasoline, the ignition energy required for hydrogen combustion is lower, which leads to the problem of early combustion of hydrogen engines. The early combustion phenomenon not only reduces the performance and efficiency of the engine, but also may cause premature wear and damage of engine parts, seriously affecting the reliability and service life of the engine.

[0003] Related technical research shows that the cavity curve of the combustion chamber can improve the gas flow field distribution around the spark plug, therefore, the cavity shape of the combustion chamber has an impact on the hydrogen combustion. In a spark-ignition internal combustion engine, the cylinder head combustion chamber accounts for about 90% of the engine combustion chamber, which makes the cavity shape of the cylinder head combustion chamber have a crucial influence on the hydrogen combustion. In addition, a variety of components for controlling combustion are arranged in the cylinder head combustion chamber, and if the temperature of these components is too high, hydrogen early combustion is also easy to occur. The setting position of these components in the cylinder head combustion chamber will affect the temperature of the components.

[0004] In summary, careful design of the cavity shape of the cylinder head combustion chamber and reasonable planning of the setting position of the components for controlling combustion in the cylinder head combustion chamber can effectively reduce the frequency of hydrogen early combustion. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] The application at least solves one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0006] Therefore, the application aims to provide a cylinder head and an engine, by optimizing the design of the cavity curve of the cylinder head combustion chamber, setting a guide part on the inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber to guide the gas flow in the cylinder head combustion chamber, improving the flow field distribution in the cylinder head combustion chamber, and preventing hydrogen early combustion; and optimizing the setting position of the hydrogen injector and the spark plug in the cylinder head to avoid the temperature of the hydrogen injector and the spark plug being too high to cause hydrogen early combustion.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides a cylinder head, which defines a cylinder head combustion chamber, and is provided with an intake passage and an exhaust passage, which respectively communicate with the cylinder head combustion chamber; one side of the cylinder head combustion chamber communicating with the intake passage is an intake side, and the other side of the cylinder head combustion chamber communicating with the exhaust passage is an exhaust side;

[0008] The inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber is provided with:

[0009] The first guide part is arranged on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber and used for guiding the gas flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber;

[0010] The second guide part is arranged on the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber and used for changing the gas flow direction;

[0011] The third guide part is arranged on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber and used for guiding the gas to flow away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber;

[0012] The first guide part, the second guide part and the third guide part are distributed along the gas flow direction in the cylinder head combustion chamber.

[0013] In the technical scheme, the first guide part, the second guide part and the third guide part are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber, and the first guide part, the second guide part and the third guide part are distributed along the gas flow direction to guide the gas flow in the cylinder head combustion chamber, so that the flow field distribution in the cylinder head combustion chamber is improved and the hydrogen early combustion is avoided. Specifically, the first guide part is arranged close to the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber, the first guide part is used to guide the gas entering the cylinder head combustion chamber from the intake port to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber, so that the gas is concentrated in the top area of the cylinder head combustion chamber, thereby increasing the combustion efficiency of the gas; the second guide part is arranged close to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber, the second guide part is used to change the gas flow direction, which not only can disturb the gas flow field, enhance the turbulence degree of the gas, and make the hydrogen and air mix more uniformly, but also can make the gas form a counterclockwise rolling flow at the exhaust side to avoid the mixing of the exhaust gas after combustion and the unburned gas; the third guide part is arranged close to the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber to guide the exhaust gas after combustion to flow to the exhaust port, so that the gas can leave the cylinder head combustion chamber through the exhaust port, avoiding the adverse effect of the residual exhaust gas on the subsequent combustion, and promoting the fresh gas to enter again to form a virtuous cycle, thereby improving the overall combustion efficiency.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, a first plane is defined, the first plane is arranged along a vertical direction, and the center axis of the intake port and the center axis of the exhaust port are located on the first plane; the cross-sectional curve of the first guide part on the first plane is a first guide segment inclined upward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber; the cross-sectional curve of the second guide part on the first plane is an arc segment, and the arc center of the second guide part is located in the cylinder head combustion chamber; and the cross-sectional curve of the third guide part on the first plane is a second guide segment inclined downward away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber.

[0015] In the technical scheme, the first guide part is provided with a first guide section in a cross-sectional curve in the first plane, which is inclined upward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber, so that the hydrogen-air mixture flows rapidly from the intake side to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber, preventing the mixture from accumulating on the intake side and avoiding the risk of early combustion caused by excessive local hydrogen concentration; the second guide part is provided with an arc section in a cross-sectional curve in the first plane, with the arc center located in the cylinder head combustion chamber, so as to effectively change the gas flow direction, enhance the degree of gas turbulence, and make the hydrogen and air mix more fully, so that the mixture is evenly distributed, reducing the risk of early combustion caused by uneven local hydrogen concentration, while dispersing heat and avoiding local overheating; and the third guide part is provided with a linear section in a cross-sectional curve in the first plane, which is inclined downward away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber, so as to guide the gas to flow away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber, avoiding the accumulation of hydrogen in the high-temperature top region, and also promoting the exhaust of burned gas, reducing the temperature in the combustion chamber, and further reducing the possibility of early combustion of hydrogen.

[0016] In addition, the application also provides a cylinder head, which defines a cylinder head combustion chamber, and is provided with an intake passage and an exhaust passage, which respectively communicate with the cylinder head combustion chamber; one side of the cylinder head combustion chamber close to the intake passage is an intake side, and one side of the cylinder head combustion chamber close to the exhaust passage is an exhaust side;

[0017] A first plane is defined, which is arranged in a vertical direction and on which the center axis of the intake passage and the center axis of the exhaust passage are located; the inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber defines a ridge curve, which is located in the first plane; the ridge curve comprises:

[0018] A first guide section, which is located on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber; the first guide section is arranged to be inclined upward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber, and is used to guide the gas to flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber;

[0019] An arc section, which is connected to one end of the first guide section inclined upward, and is located at the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber; the arc center of the arc section is located in the cylinder head combustion chamber, and the arc section is used to change the gas flow direction;

[0020] A second guide section, which is located on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber, and is arranged to be inclined downward away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber; one end of the second guide section toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber is connected to one end of the arc section away from the first guide section;

[0021] The first guide section, the arc section and the second guide section are arranged along the flow direction of the gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber.

[0022] In the technical solution, the first guide section is designed to be inclined towards the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber on the air inlet side, so that the first guide section can guide the air to flow quickly along the inclined direction to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber, thereby increasing the mixing efficiency of the air and the hydrogen; the ridge curve at the top of the combustion chamber is designed as an arc segment to increase the turbulent flow during the gas flow, so that the hydrogen and air are mixed more fully, and the heat is also uniformly dispersed to prevent local overheating and early combustion of hydrogen; the second guide section is designed to be inclined away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber on the exhaust side, so that the second guide section can guide the burned exhaust gas to be smoothly discharged from the combustion chamber, avoid the exhaust gas remaining in the combustion chamber, maintain a lower temperature in the combustion chamber, and reduce the risk of early combustion.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the arc segment includes a first arc segment, a second arc segment and a third arc segment, the first arc segment, the second arc segment and the third arc segment are arranged along the flow direction of the gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber; the first arc segment is connected to one end of the first guide section towards the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber; the second arc segment is connected to one end of the first arc segment away from the first guide section; and the third arc segment is connected to one end of the second arc segment away from the first arc segment.

[0024] In the technical solution, the arc segment is designed as a three-segment arc segment to increase the effect of the second guide section and increase the degree of turbulent flow of the gas, so that the hydrogen can be fully mixed with the air.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the radius of the first arc segment is R1, the radius of the second arc segment is R2, and the radius of the third arc segment is R3, R1, R2 and R3 satisfy the relationship R1>R2, R2>R3;

[0026] And / or, the radius R1 of the first arc segment satisfies the relationship R1≥20mm, R1≤34mm;

[0027] The radius R2 of the second arc segment satisfies the relationship R2≥20mm, R2≤34mm;

[0028] The radius R3 of the third arc segment satisfies the relationship R3≥20mm, R3≤34mm.

[0029] In the technical scheme, the first arc segment with a larger radius makes the mixed gas flow from the intake side to the top gently, avoids local accumulation of hydrogen on the intake side, and reduces the risk of early combustion caused by excessively high local hydrogen concentration; as the radius gradually decreases, the second arc segment and the third arc segment increase the change in the gas flow direction, gradually increase the degree of turbulence, promote the mixing of hydrogen and air, break the local accumulation of hydrogen, form a uniform combustible mixture, and avoid local early combustion caused by uneven mixing; the third arc segment with a smaller radius is close to the exhaust side, can effectively guide the exhaust gas to be quickly discharged, prevent the temperature of the combustion chamber from rising due to residual exhaust gas, maintain a low-temperature environment in the chamber, and further reduce the possibility of early combustion; by setting the radii of the three arc segments in the numerical range of [20 mm, 34 mm], the three arc segments are reasonably arranged in the cylinder head combustion chamber, and the arc segments can play a good effect.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the first guide segment is D1, the length of the second guide segment is D2, and D1 and D2 satisfy the relationship D1≤D2.

[0031] In the technical scheme, when the length D1 of the first guide segment and the length D2 of the second guide segment satisfy D1≤D2, the first guide segment with a smaller length on the intake side can guide the hydrogen-air mixture to quickly flow to the top of the combustion chamber, preventing the mixed gas from accumulating on the intake side to cause early combustion; the second guide segment with a larger length on the exhaust side can more effectively discharge the burned exhaust gas, avoiding the temperature of the combustion chamber from rising due to residual exhaust gas, and reducing the risk of early combustion.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, an intake seat ring is arranged at the communication position between the intake port and the cylinder head combustion chamber, and the intake seat ring is located on the outside of the cylinder head combustion chamber; a second plane is defined, and the side of the intake seat ring facing the cylinder head combustion chamber is located on the second plane; a third plane perpendicular to the intake direction of the intake port and passing through the first guide segment is defined, and the third plane and the second plane jointly define a first included angle b1, and the first included angle b1 satisfies the relationship b1≥7° and b1≤14°.

[0033] In the technical scheme, when the first included angle b1 satisfies the relationship b1≥7° and b1≤14°, most of the gas flow is guided by the first guide segment to flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber, and the remaining small part of the gas flow flows to the bottom position on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber, so that a strong counterclockwise vortex flow field is formed in the cylinder head combustion chamber, the hydrogen is uniformly distributed at each position in the cylinder head combustion chamber, the mixing of hydrogen and air is ensured to be uniform, the combustion duration is shortened, and the probability of early combustion is reduced.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the ridge curve further includes:

[0035] The first arc is located at one end of the first guide segment away from the first arc segment, and the center of the first arc is located at the cylinder head combustion chamber to define a first containing portion for containing airflow at the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber;

[0036] The second arc is located at one end of the second guide segment away from the third arc segment, and the center of the second arc is located at the cylinder head combustion chamber to define a second containing portion for containing airflow at the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber.

[0037] In the technical scheme, by setting the first arc at one end of the first guide segment away from the first arc segment, a first containing portion is formed at the bottom of the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber, so that the first containing portion contains airflow that does not flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber; and by setting the second arc at one end of the second guide segment away from the third arc segment, a second containing portion is formed at the bottom of the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber, so that the second containing portion contains airflow that does not exit from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber.

[0038] In some embodiments of the application, the radius of the first arc is R4, and the radius of the second arc is R5, and R4 and R5 satisfy the relationship: R4-R5≤2mm.

[0039] In the technical scheme, by setting the first arc at one end of the first guide segment away from the first arc segment, a first containing portion is formed at the bottom of the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber, so that the first containing portion contains airflow that does not flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber; and by setting the second arc at one end of the second guide segment away from the third arc segment, a second containing portion is formed at the bottom of the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber, so that the second containing portion contains airflow that does not exit from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber.

[0040] In addition, the application also provides an engine comprising the cylinder head as above;

[0041] The engine further comprises:

[0042] The spark plug is installed on the cylinder head and is arranged close to the exhaust passage;

[0043] The hydrogen injector is installed on the cylinder head and is arranged close to the intake passage;

[0044] The center axis of the spark plug intersects with the center axis of the hydrogen injector at the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber.

[0045] In the technical scheme, the temperature around the intake passage is generally lower than the temperature around the exhaust passage, by arranging the hydrogen injector close to the intake passage, the hydrogen can be preliminarily mixed with air in the relatively low-temperature intake area, so that the hydrogen is prevented from being heated too early; by arranging the spark plug close to the exhaust passage, away from the hydrogen-rich mixture newly entering the combustion chamber of the cylinder head, the hydrogen can be fully mixed with air before combustion, so that the combustion effect is ensured. By arranging the center axes of the spark plug and the hydrogen injector to intersect at the intake side of the combustion chamber, the combustion can be started from the relatively stable and low-temperature intake side, so that the hydrogen is prevented from being ignited too early in the high-temperature area, and the orderly combustion propagation can also prevent local abnormal high temperature and pressure fluctuation, effectively reducing the possibility of hydrogen early combustion and ensuring stable operation of the engine.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the cylinder head is provided in a plurality, each cylinder head defines a cylinder head combustion chamber, and the plurality of cylinder head combustion chambers are arranged independently of each other; each cylinder head is provided with at least one spark plug and one hydrogen injector; each cylinder head is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, the first mounting hole is used for mounting the spark plug, and the second mounting hole is used for mounting the hydrogen injector; the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively communicated with the cylinder head combustion chamber; the center axis of the first mounting hole and the center axis of the second mounting hole intersect at the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber.

[0047] In the technical scheme, by arranging the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole on the cylinder head, arranging the spark plug in the first mounting hole and arranging the hydrogen injector in the second mounting hole, and arranging the center axes of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole to intersect at the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber, not only the spark plug and the hydrogen injector can be conveniently mounted on the cylinder head, but also the center axes of the spark plug and the hydrogen injector can be arranged to intersect at the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber, so that the combustion starting position can be accurately controlled, the combustion can be started from the relatively stable and low-temperature intake side, the hydrogen can be prevented from being ignited too early in the high-temperature area, and the orderly combustion propagation can also prevent local abnormal high temperature and pressure fluctuation, effectively reducing the possibility of hydrogen early combustion and ensuring stable operation of the engine.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, on the same cylinder head, the cylinder head combustion chamber defines a first center line in a horizontal plane, the first center line is arranged along the arrangement direction of the intake passage and the exhaust passage; a plane arranged along the vertical direction through the first center line is a fourth plane, and the center axis of the first mounting hole and the center axis of the second mounting hole are located in the fourth plane.

[0049] And / or, the cylinder head combustion chamber defines a second center line in the vertical direction, and the distance D3 between the intersection of the center axis of the first mounting hole and the center axis of the second mounting hole and the second center line satisfies the relationship: D3≤2.85mm.

[0050] The center axes of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are located in a vertical fourth plane passing through the first center line, so that the action areas of the spark plug ignition and the hydrogen injector hydrogen injection can be better matched with the gas flow directions of the intake and exhaust, early combustion of hydrogen is avoided in abnormal positions or areas affected by turbulent gas flow, and the hydrogen-air mixture is ensured to start combustion at the right time and position, thereby effectively reducing the risk of early combustion of hydrogen and ensuring the stability and reliability of engine operation; by making the distance D3 between the second center line of the cylinder head combustion chamber and the intersection of the center axes of the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole satisfy D3≤2.85mm, the hydrogen-air mixture is made to start combustion in a relatively central and stable area, and early combustion of the mixture in areas prone to local high temperature and turbulent gas flow, such as the edge of the combustion chamber, is avoided. At the same time, ignition near the central area helps to form a more uniform and symmetrical combustion flame propagation mode, reduces the abnormal increase of local pressure and temperature caused by uneven flame propagation, thereby reducing the possibility of early combustion of hydrogen and ensuring stable and reliable operation of the engine.

[0051] From the above technical solutions, additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become apparent from the following description, or will be understood by practicing the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a sectional view in the A-A direction of

[0054] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a ridge curve of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 4 is a size schematic view of an arc segment in the ridge curve of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 5 is a comparison diagram of flow velocity around a spark plug when the arc segment in the ridge curve of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present application is of different sizes;

[0057] Figure 6 is a size schematic view of a straight line segment in the ridge curve of a cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 7 is a schematic view of a first included angle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 8 is Figure 1 is a sectional view in the B-B direction of

[0060] In the above figures: 1, cylinder head; 2, spark plug; 3, hydrogen injector; 4, intake port; 5, exhaust port;

[0061] 101, first plane; 102, first center line; 103, cylinder head combustion chamber; 104, second plane; 105, third plane; 106, second center line;

[0062] 110, ridge curve; 120, bottom surface;

[0063] 111, first circular arc; 112, first guide segment; 113, first arc segment; 114, second arc segment; 115, third arc segment; 116, second guide segment; 117, second circular arc;

[0064] 21, central axis of the spark plug; 31, central axis of the hydrogen injector;

[0065] 41, intake seat ring; 51, exhaust seat ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0067] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing", and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected or in communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] In the present application, unless specifically stated and limited otherwise, a first feature "on" or "under" a second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact with an intervening medium. Also, a first feature "over", "above" and "on top of" a second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature. A first feature "under", "below" and "underneath" a second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally lower than the second feature.

[0069] In the present application, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. Exemplary expressions of the above terms in the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Also, the described specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of different embodiments or examples can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

[0070] In the following, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail by way of example. However, it should be understood that the elements, structures and features in one embodiment can also be beneficially combined into other embodiments without further description.

[0071] The power core of an automobile is an internal combustion engine, which relies on a series of complex mechanical structures and working cycles to convert the chemical energy contained in fuel into mechanical energy, thereby driving the automobile to travel.

[0072] The traditional fuel of an automobile engine is mainly gasoline. However, with the increasing environmental awareness of people and the continuous in-depth research on sustainable energy, hydrogen gas, as a clean, carbon-free and renewable fuel, has gradually become an ideal alternative to traditional fossil fuels. However, compared with gasoline, hydrogen gas requires lower ignition energy for combustion, which leads to the problem of early combustion of hydrogen gas engines.

[0073] Based on this, the present application provides a cylinder head, by setting a guide part on the inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 to guide the flow of gas, increase the flow efficiency of gas, make the gas flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber better and faster, and guide the exhaust gas generated after combustion to leave the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, improve the combustion efficiency, thereby solving the problem of easy early combustion of hydrogen gas.

[0074] In the following, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail by way of example. However, it should be understood that the elements, structures and features in one embodiment can also be beneficially combined into other embodiments without further description.

[0075] As shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one illustrative embodiment of the cylinder head of the present application, the cylinder head 1 defines a cylinder head combustion chamber 103 that provides a combustion site for a hydrogen-air mixture; wherein the top region of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is generally a region of intense combustion.

[0076] The cylinder head 1 is provided with an intake passage 4 that communicates with the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and the intake passage 4 is used to introduce fresh air from the outside into the cylinder head combustion chamber 103. As shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 2 An intake valve is provided in the intake passage 4, and the intake valve is used to control the opening and closing of the intake passage 4; an intake valve seat ring 41 is provided at the connection between the intake valve and the cylinder head 1, and the intake valve seat ring 41 is located outside the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and is used to ensure the sealing between the intake valve and the cylinder head 1.

[0077] The cylinder head 1 is also provided with an exhaust passage 5 that communicates with the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and the exhaust passage 5 is used to discharge the high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas generated in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 after combustion. As shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 2 An exhaust valve is provided in the exhaust passage 5, and the exhaust valve is used to control the opening and closing of the exhaust passage 5; an exhaust valve seat ring 51 is provided at the connection between the exhaust valve and the cylinder head 1, and the exhaust valve seat ring 51 is located outside the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and is used to ensure the sealing between the exhaust valve and the cylinder head 1.

[0078] For the sake of convenience, the side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 that communicates with the intake passage 4 is referred to as the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and the side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 that communicates with the exhaust passage 5 is referred to as the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103.

[0079] As shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 A hydrogen injector 3 is mounted on the cylinder head 1, and the hydrogen injector 3 is used to inject hydrogen into the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so that the hydrogen mixes with the air that enters the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 from the intake passage 4 to form a hydrogen-air mixture in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103. It should be noted that the hydrogen injector 3 is located close to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 and is provided on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so as to ensure the dispersion of hydrogen while avoiding early combustion of the hydrogen injected by the hydrogen injector 3 due to excessively high temperature in the environment.

[0080] A spark plug 2 is also mounted on the cylinder head 1, and the spark plug 2 is used to provide an electric spark to the combustion chamber to ignite the mixture in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103; the spark plug 2 is generally located close to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 and is provided on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so that the electric spark generated by the spark plug 2 can ignite the gas in the entire cylinder head combustion chamber 103.

[0081] The inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is provided with a first guide portion, which is arranged close to the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and is used to guide the gas flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so that the gas is concentrated in the top area of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, thereby increasing the combustion effect of the mixture.

[0082] The inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is also provided with a second guide portion, which is arranged close to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and is used to change the gas flow direction, guide the gas to the spark plug 2, so that the spark plug 2 can better ignite the mixture, and guide the burned exhaust gas to the exhaust side; the second guide portion can also disturb the gas flow field in the top area of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, increase the turbulence degree of the gas, make the mixture more uniform, thereby improving the combustion speed and efficiency.

[0083] The inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is also provided with a third guide portion, which is arranged close to the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and is used to guide the gas to flow away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so as to guide the burned exhaust gas to the exhaust passage 5, so that the gas can leave the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 through the exhaust passage 5, avoid the adverse effect of residual exhaust gas on subsequent combustion, and also promote the re-entry of fresh gas, form a virtuous cycle, and overall improve the combustion efficiency.

[0084] By arranging the first guide portion, the second guide portion and the third guide portion on the inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and distributing the first guide portion, the second guide portion and the third guide portion along the gas flow direction, the gas flow in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is guided, the flow field distribution in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is improved, the combustion efficiency is increased, and the gas flow can also avoid the early combustion of hydrogen caused by local heat concentration in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103.

[0085] Under the action of the first guide portion, the gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 quickly flows to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, avoiding early combustion of hydrogen; under the action of the second guide portion, the gas flow changes, the turbulence degree of the gas increases, the hydrogen and air are fully mixed, and the hydrogen combustion effect is increased; and under the action of the second guide portion, the gas forms a counterclockwise rolling flow at the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, which can avoid the mixing of burned exhaust gas and unburned gas to reduce the combustion effect; under the action of the third guide portion, the burned exhaust gas is guided to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so that the exhaust gas can be discharged in time, and since the exhaust gas carries a high amount of heat, the timely discharge of the exhaust gas not only allows the unburned gas to flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, but also avoids excessive temperature in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103.

[0086] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a first plane 101 is defined, the first plane 101 is arranged along a vertical direction, and the center axis of the air inlet passage 4 and the center axis of the air outlet passage 5 are located on the first plane 101.

[0087] In some embodiments, the first guide portion has a first guide segment that is inclined upward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 along the cross-sectional curve of the first plane 101; the second guide portion has an arc segment along the cross-sectional curve of the first plane 101, and the center of the arc of the second guide portion is located in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103; and the third guide portion has a second guide segment that is inclined downward away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 along the cross-sectional curve of the first plane 101.

[0088] By making the cross-sectional curve of the first guide portion in the first plane 101 a first guide segment that is inclined upward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, the hydrogen-air mixture is smoothly and quickly guided from the air inlet side to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, preventing the mixture from accumulating on the air inlet side and avoiding the risk of early combustion caused by excessive local hydrogen concentration. By making the cross-sectional curve of the second guide portion in the first plane 101 an arc with the center of the arc located in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, the gas flow is effectively changed, the degree of turbulence of the gas is enhanced, the hydrogen and air are more fully mixed, the mixture is uniformly distributed, the risk of early combustion caused by uneven local hydrogen concentration is reduced, and the heat is dispersed to avoid local overheating. By making the cross-sectional curve of the third guide portion in the first plane 101 a second guide segment that is inclined downward away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, the gas is guided to flow away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, preventing hydrogen from accumulating in the high-temperature top region, promoting the exhaust of burned gas, reducing the temperature in the combustion chamber, and further reducing the possibility of early combustion of hydrogen.

[0089] Since the opening of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is usually arranged downward, and the height of the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is usually higher than the height of the outer edge of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, it can be considered that the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is arranged in a structure similar to a roof ridge of a house.

[0090] As shown in FIGS. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 defines a ridge surface that intersects the first plane 101, and the ridge surface and the first plane 101 together define a ridge curve 110 at the intersection of the ridge surface and the first plane 101, and the ridge curve 110 extends along the direction of gas flow. It should be noted that the ridge curve 110 is located in the first plane 101 and also in the ridge surface.

[0091] The ridge curve 110 comprises a first guide segment 112 located at the air intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103; the first guide segment 112 is arranged to tilt upward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so that the first guide segment 112 can guide the air to flow along the tilting direction thereof to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103; since the hydrogen injector 3 is arranged close to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, under the guiding action of the first guide segment 112, the air can be mixed with hydrogen as soon as possible, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the hydrogen-air mixture and avoiding early combustion of hydrogen.

[0092] In some embodiments, at least part of the first guide segment 112 is a straight segment, so that the first guide segment 112 has a better guiding effect on the gas.

[0093] The ridge curve 110 comprises an arc segment located at the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, the arc segment is connected to one end of the first guide segment 112 that tilts upward, for changing the flow direction of the gas, guiding the gas to the surroundings of the spark plug 2, so that the spark plug 2 can better ignite the mixture, and guiding the exhaust gas after combustion to the exhaust side; the arc segment can also disturb the gas flow field in the top region of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, enhance the turbulence degree of the gas, make the mixture more uniform, thereby improving the combustion speed and efficiency.

[0094] The ridge curve 110 comprises a second guide segment 116 located at the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, the second guide segment 116 is arranged to tilt downward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103; one end of the second guide segment 116 connected to the arc segment away from the first guide segment 112; the second guide segment 116 can guide the exhaust gas after combustion to be smoothly discharged from the combustion chamber, avoid the exhaust gas to be left in the combustion chamber, keep the temperature in the combustion chamber low, and reduce the risk of early combustion.

[0095] In some embodiments, at least part of the second guide segment 116 is a straight segment, so that the second guide segment 116 has a better guiding effect on the gas.

[0096] The roof curve of the intake side is designed as a first guide section 112 inclined toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so that the first guide section 112 can guide the air to flow quickly along the inclined direction to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, increasing the mixing efficiency of air and hydrogen; the roof curve at the top of the combustion chamber is designed as an arc section, the design of the arc section changes the original straight flow direction of the gas, increases the turbulent flow during the gas flow, makes the hydrogen and air mix more fully, and also can uniformly disperse the heat, prevent local overheating and cause early combustion of hydrogen; the roof curve of the exhaust side is designed as a second guide section 116 inclined away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so that the second guide section 116 can guide the burned exhaust gas to be smoothly discharged from the combustion chamber, avoid the exhaust gas to be left in the combustion chamber, keep the temperature in the combustion chamber lower, and reduce the risk of early combustion.

[0097] The arc section includes a first arc section 113 connected to one end of the first guide section 112 toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103; the center of the first arc section 113 is located on one side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, which can increase the turbulent flow of the gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 on one hand, make the hydrogen and air mix more fully, and avoid the situation that the local hydrogen concentration is too high; on the other hand, it can change the air flow direction and guide the gas to the spark plug 2.

[0098] The arc section includes a second arc section 114 connected to one end of the first arc section 113 away from the first guide section 112; the center of the second arc section 114 is located on one side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103; the second arc section 114 can change the air flow direction and guide the gas to the spark plug 2 on one hand, and on the other hand, it can increase the turbulent flow of the gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, make the hydrogen and air mix more fully, and avoid the situation that the local hydrogen concentration is too high.

[0099] The arc section includes a third arc section 115 connected to one end of the second arc section 114 away from the first arc section 113; the center of the third arc section 115 is located on one side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and the third arc section 115 is correspondingly arranged with the spark plug 2. The third arc section 115 can change the air flow direction and guide the gas to the spark plug 2 on one hand, and on the other hand, it can increase the turbulent flow of the gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, make the hydrogen and air mix more fully, and avoid the situation that the local hydrogen concentration is too high.

[0100] It should be noted that the first arc segment 113, the second arc segment 114 and the third arc segment 115 are arranged close to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and the first arc segment 113, the second arc segment 114 and the third arc segment 115 are connected to each other and smoothly transitioned. Such a design not only can increase the turbulence degree of the gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, make the intake turbulence kinetic energy formed around the spark plug 2 larger, and be beneficial to the more uniform distribution of hydrogen in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, avoiding the local hydrogen concentration being too high to cause hydrogen early combustion; but also the turbulence is helpful to uniformly disperse the heat in the combustion chamber, preventing the local area from being too high in temperature due to heat accumulation to cause early combustion.

[0101] It should be noted that the first guide segment 112, the first arc segment 113, the second arc segment 114, the third arc segment 115 and the second guide segment 116 are distributed and smoothly transitioned along the gas flow direction.

[0102] In this application, the ridge curve 110 not only can guide the gas flow, make the hydrogen-air mixture fully mixed in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, but also can make the heat uniformly distributed in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, can avoid the local area in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 from being too high in temperature, reduce the risk of hydrogen early combustion, and ensure the normal operation of the engine.

[0103] It should be noted that the first guide segment 112, the first arc segment 113, the second arc segment 114, the third arc segment 115 and the second guide segment 116 are distributed and smoothly transitioned along the gas flow direction.

[0104] As shown in FIG. 1, the first guide segment 112, the first arc segment 113, the second arc segment 114, the third arc segment 115 and the second guide segment 116 are arranged along the first plane 101. Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1, the first arc segment 113 has a radius R1, the second arc segment 114 has a radius R2, and the third arc segment 115 has a radius R3, and R1, R2 and R3 satisfy the relationship: R1>R2, R2>R3.

[0105] The first arc segment 113 with a larger radius can make the mixture flow from the intake side to the top smoothly, can avoid the local accumulation of hydrogen in the intake side, and reduce the risk of early combustion caused by the local hydrogen concentration being too high; with the radius gradually decreasing, the second arc segment 114 and the third arc segment 115 increase the change amplitude of the gas flow direction, gradually increase the turbulence degree, promote the hydrogen and air to be fully mixed, break the local hydrogen accumulation state, form a uniform combustible mixture, and avoid local early combustion caused by uneven mixing; the third arc segment 115 with a smaller radius is close to the exhaust side, can effectively guide the exhaust gas to be quickly discharged, prevent the exhaust gas from remaining to make the combustion chamber temperature rise, maintain a low-temperature environment in the chamber, and further reduce the possibility of early combustion.

[0106] In some embodiments, the radius R1 of the first arc segment 113 satisfies the following relationship: R1≥20mm, R1≤34mm; the radius R2 of the second arc segment 114 satisfies the following relationship: R2≥20mm, R2≤34mm; and the radius R3 of the third arc segment 115 satisfies the following relationship: R3≥20mm, R3≤34mm.

[0107] like Figure 5 As shown, when R1>R2>R3 and the radii of the three arc segments satisfy 34mm≥R≥20mm respectively, the intake turbulent kinetic energy formed around spark plug 2 is the largest, which is conducive to the faster and more uniform distribution of hydrogen in the combustion chamber, thereby reducing the problem of pre-ignition caused by uneven hydrogen distribution.

[0108] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the length of the first guide segment 112 is D1, and the length of the second guide segment 116 is D2, and D1 and D2 satisfy the relationship: D1≤D2.

[0109] The first guide section 112 is relatively short, allowing for a relatively large slope while maintaining the same height as the cylinder head combustion chamber 103. This guides the hydrogen-air mixture to flow quickly to the top of the combustion chamber, preventing excessive accumulation of the mixture on the intake side and avoiding localized high hydrogen concentrations that could lead to pre-ignition. The second guide section 116 is relatively long, allowing for a relatively small slope while maintaining the same height as the cylinder head combustion chamber 103. This increases the guiding effect of the second guide section 116 on the exhaust gases after combustion, ensuring they are expelled from the combustion chamber quickly and preventing residual exhaust gases from causing a temperature rise within the combustion chamber. High temperatures can easily induce hydrogen pre-ignition; rapid exhaust gas removal helps maintain a lower combustion chamber temperature.

[0110] In some embodiments, the length D1 of the first guide segment 112 satisfies the following relationship: D1≥9mm, D1≤15mm; the length D2 of the second guide segment 116 satisfies the following relationship: D2≥15mm, D2≤25mm.

[0111] By making the length of the first guide section 112 between 9mm and 15mm and the length of the second guide section 116 between 15mm and 25mm, the first guide section 112 and the second guide section 116 achieve good technical effects while keeping the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 the same size.

[0112] like Figure 7As shown, the air inlet race 41 is defined with a second plane 104 on the side facing the cylinder head combustion chamber 103; a third plane 105 is defined through the first guide section 112 and perpendicular to the air inlet direction of the air inlet passage 4, and the third plane 105 and the second plane 104 together define a first included angle b1, which satisfies the relationship: b1≥7°, b1≤14°.

[0113] By setting the first included angle b1≥7°, and the first included angle b1≤14°, the flow guiding effect of the first guide section 112 is limited, so that part of the airflow flows to the bottom position of the air inlet side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 without passing through the first guide section 112. On the one hand, it can form a stronger counterclockwise vortex flow field in the combustion chamber, accelerate the uniform distribution of hydrogen in the combustion chamber, ensure the uniform mixing of hydrogen and air, shorten the combustion duration, and reduce the probability of early combustion. On the other hand, by reducing the air flow, it can avoid too much air flowing to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, which can cause early combustion of hydrogen.

[0114] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 The ridge curve 110 further includes a first circular arc 111 located at one end of the first guide section 112 away from the first arc segment 113, and the center of the first circular arc 111 is located at the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 to define a first containing portion on the air inlet side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 for containing airflow, so that the first containing portion contains airflow that does not flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103.

[0115] The ridge curve 110 further includes a second circular arc 117 located at one end of the second guide section 116 away from the third arc segment 115, and the center of the second circular arc 117 is located at the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 to define a second containing portion on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 for containing airflow, so that the second containing portion contains airflow that does not flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103.

[0116] When the first included angle b1 satisfies the relationship: b1≥7°, b1≤14°, 85% of the airflow can flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 under the guidance of the first guide section 112, and the remaining 15% flows to the bottom position of the air inlet side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103. By setting the first containing portion, the airflow flowing to the bottom of the air inlet side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 can be contained.

[0117] Although the third guide portion is provided on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 to guide the flow of gas, part of the airflow cannot be discharged in time. By providing the second containing portion, the exhaust gas that cannot be discharged in time from the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 can be contained.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first circular arc 111 has a radius R4, and the second circular arc 117 has a radius R5, and R4 and R5 satisfy the relationship: R4-R5≤2mm.

[0119] By making the radius R4 of the first circular arc 111 segment greater than the radius R5 of the second circular arc 117 segment, the first accommodating portion is made larger than the second accommodating portion. This is because the volume of the gas after being extruded by the piston is smaller, and the volume of the gas generated after the hydrogen combustion is also smaller, so the volume of the gas not timely discharged on the exhaust side is usually smaller than the volume of the unburned gas on the intake side. Therefore, the volume of the first accommodating portion is greater than the volume of the second accommodating portion.

[0120] In some embodiments, the radius R4 of the first circular arc 111, the radius R5 of the second circular arc 117, and the radius R1 of the first arc segment 113 satisfy the relationship: R4+R5≤R1.

[0121] It should be noted that in actual application, the engine usually includes multiple cylinders, and the multiple cylinders are usually designed integrally. Correspondingly, the cylinder head 1 is also designed to be multiple, and the multiple cylinder heads 1 are also designed integrally. Each cylinder head 1 works independently. The present application is introduced for a single cylinder head 1. When the multiple cylinder heads 1 are designed integrally, the multiple cylinder heads 1 are stacked to obtain the multiple cylinder heads 1. This belongs to the common technical knowledge in the art and will not be described in detail.

[0122] The spark plug 2 and the hydrogen injector 3 and other components are installed on the cylinder head 1. If the temperature of these components is too high, it is easy to cause early hydrogen combustion. When the engine is working, the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 has a relatively high temperature, and the temperature on the intake side is usually lower than that on the exhaust side. Therefore, the setting position of the spark plug 2 and the hydrogen injector 3 in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 will affect the temperature of the components.

[0123] Based on this, the present application also provides an engine. By optimizing the setting position of the spark plug 2 and the hydrogen injector 3 on the cylinder head 1, the temperature of the spark plug 2 and the hydrogen injector 3 is reduced to prevent early hydrogen combustion caused by the temperature being too high.

[0124] The engine includes the above-mentioned cylinder head 1. The engine further includes a spark plug 2 installed on the cylinder head 1, and the spark plug 2 is arranged close to the exhaust passage 5. The engine further includes a hydrogen injector 3 installed on the cylinder head 1, and the hydrogen injector 3 is arranged close to the intake passage 4. The center axis 21 of the spark plug intersects with the center axis 31 of the hydrogen injector on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103.

[0125] In this application, by positioning the hydrogen injector 3 close to the intake manifold 4, the hydrogen can be initially mixed with air in the relatively low-temperature intake region, avoiding premature heating. By positioning the spark plug 2 close to the exhaust manifold 5, the spark plug 2 is kept away from the hydrogen-rich mixture newly entering the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, reducing the impact of high temperatures around the spark plug 2 on the mixture. Moreover, the central axes of the spark plug 2 and the hydrogen injector 3 intersect on the intake side of the combustion chamber, allowing for precise control of the combustion initiation position. This ensures that combustion begins from the relatively stable and lower-temperature intake side, preventing premature ignition of hydrogen in the high-temperature region. Simultaneously, the orderly combustion propagation also prevents localized abnormal high temperatures and pressure fluctuations, effectively reducing the possibility of hydrogen pre-ignition and ensuring stable engine operation.

[0126] Cylinder heads 1 are typically configured in multiple ways, each cylinder head 1 defining a cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and the multiple cylinder head combustion chambers 103 are independently configured. Each cylinder head 1 is equipped with at least one spark plug 2 and one hydrogen injector 3. The spark plug 2 and hydrogen injector 3 installed on the same cylinder head 1 are configured corresponding to the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 defined by the cylinder head 1, so that the spark plug 2 can ignite the gas in the corresponding cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and the hydrogen injector 3 can inject hydrogen into the corresponding cylinder head combustion chamber 103.

[0127] The cylinder head 1 is provided with a first mounting hole, which communicates with the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 and is located on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103; the first mounting hole is used to install the spark plug 2.

[0128] The cylinder head 1 is provided with a second mounting hole, which communicates with the cylinder head combustion chamber 103. The second mounting hole is located on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 and is used to install the hydrogen injector 3.

[0129] It should be noted that the central axis of the first mounting hole intersects the central axis of the second mounting hole on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, so that the central axis 21 of the spark plug intersects the central axis 31 of the hydrogen injector on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103.

[0130] like Figure 8 As shown, on the same cylinder head 1, the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is vertically defined by a second centerline 106. The distance D3 between the intersection of the central axis of the first mounting hole and the central axis of the second mounting hole and the second centerline 106 satisfies the relationship: D3≤2.85mm. That is, the distance D3 between the intersection of the central axis 21 of the spark plug and the central axis 31 of the hydrogen injector and the second centerline 106 satisfies the relationship: D3≤2.85mm.

[0131] By making D3≤2.85mm, the hydrogen-air mixture starts to burn in the relatively central and stable area, avoiding the mixture from burning too early in the edge of the combustion chamber and other areas where local high temperature and turbulent gas flow are prone to occur. At the same time, ignition near the central area helps to form a more uniform and symmetrical combustion flame propagation pattern, reducing the abnormal rise of local pressure and temperature caused by uneven flame propagation, thereby reducing the possibility of hydrogen early combustion and ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the engine.

[0132] As shown in Figure 1 the same cylinder head 1, the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is defined to form a first center line 102 in the horizontal plane, the first center line 102 is arranged along the arrangement direction of the intake port 4 and the exhaust port 5; the plane passing through the first center line 102 arranged in the vertical direction is defined as the fourth plane; the center axis 21 of the spark plug and the center axis 31 of the hydrogen injector are located in the fourth plane, and the center axis of the first mounting hole and the center axis of the second mounting hole are located in the fourth plane, so that the action area of the spark plug 2 ignition and the hydrogen injector 3 hydrogen injection can better match the gas flow direction of the intake and exhaust, avoiding the hydrogen in the abnormal position or the area affected by the turbulent flow to contact high temperature too early to cause early combustion, ensuring that the hydrogen-air mixture starts to burn at the right time and position, thereby effectively reducing the risk of hydrogen early combustion and ensuring the stability and reliability of the engine operation.

[0133] Compared with the prior art, by optimizing the cavity curve of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, the first guide part, the second guide part and the third guide part are arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, and the first guide part, the second guide part and the third guide part are distributed along the gas flow direction. The first guide part with a straight line segment structure guides the intake gas flow around the spark plug 2, and then the second guide part with a three-segment circular arc structure changes the direction of the gas flow, so that the gas flow forms a counterclockwise rolling flow on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber 103, thereby improving the gas flow field distribution around the spark plug 2 and improving the stability of hydrogen combustion to prevent abnormal combustion caused by local overheating; the third guide part with a straight line segment guides the burned exhaust gas to be discharged from the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 in time; through the cooperation of the first guide part, the second guide part and the third guide part, the hydrogen can flow to the spark plug 2 as soon as possible for combustion, and the hydrogen and air can be fully mixed, and the burned exhaust gas can be discharged in time. The hydrogen combustion efficiency is high, the combustion effect is good, the gas distribution in the cylinder head combustion chamber 103 is uniform, the heat distribution is uniform, and the hydrogen early combustion phenomenon is avoided.

[0134] In addition, by designing the installation positions of the spark plug 2 and the hydrogen injector 3 on the cylinder head 1, the hydrogen injector 3 is arranged on the intake side with lower temperature to avoid early combustion of hydrogen due to high temperature of the hydrogen injector 3, and the spark plug 2 is arranged on the exhaust side with higher temperature to reduce early combustion of hydrogen due to high temperature around the spark plug 2.

[0135] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A cylinder head, characterized in that, The cylinder head (1) defines a cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The cylinder head (1) is provided with an intake passage (4) and an exhaust passage (5). The intake passage (4) and the exhaust passage (5) are respectively connected to the cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) connected to the intake passage (4) is the intake side, and the side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) connected to the exhaust passage (5) is the exhaust side. The inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) is provided with: The first guide section is provided on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) and is used to guide the gas flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103); The second guide section is located at the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) and is used to change the gas flow direction; The third guide section is provided on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) and is used to guide the gas to flow away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103); The first guide section, the second guide section and the third guide section are distributed along the flow direction of gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber (103).

2. The cylinder head according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first plane (101) is defined, which is arranged vertically and the central axis of the intake manifold (4) and the central axis of the exhaust manifold (5) are located on the first plane (101); the cross-sectional curve of the first guide portion on the first plane (101) is a first guide segment (112) that is inclined upward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103); the cross-sectional curve of the second guide portion on the first plane (101) is an arc segment (113, 114, 115), and the arc center of the second guide portion is located inside the cylinder head combustion chamber (103); the cross-sectional curve of the third guide portion on the first plane (101) is a second guide segment (116) that is inclined downward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103).

3. A cylinder head, characterized in that, The cylinder head (1) defines a cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The cylinder head (1) is provided with an intake passage (4) and an exhaust passage (5). The intake passage (4) and the exhaust passage (5) are respectively connected to the cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) closest to the intake passage (4) is the intake side, and the side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) closest to the exhaust passage (5) is the exhaust side. A first plane (101) is defined, the first plane (101) is arranged vertically, and the central axis of the intake manifold (4) and the central axis of the exhaust manifold (5) are located on the first plane (101); the inner wall of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) defines a ridge curve (110), the ridge curve (110) is located within the first plane (101); the ridge curve (110) includes: The first guide section (112) is located on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103); the first guide section (112) is inclined upward toward the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) to guide the gas flow to the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103); Arc segments (113, 114, 115) are connected to the upwardly inclined end of the first guide segment (112). The arc segments (113, 114, 115) are located at the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The center of the arc segments (113, 114, 115) is located inside the cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The arc segments (113, 114, 115) are used to change the gas flow direction. The second guide section (116) is located on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The second guide section (116) is inclined downwards away from the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103). One end of the second guide section (116) facing the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) is connected to the end of the arc segment (113, 114, 115) away from the first guide section (112). The first guide section (112), the arc section (113, 114, 115) and the second guide section (116) are arranged along the flow direction of gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber (103).

4. The cylinder head according to claim 3, characterized in that, The arc segments (113, 114, 115) include a first arc segment (113), a second arc segment (114), and a third arc segment (115), which are arranged sequentially along the flow direction of gas in the cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The first arc segment (113) is connected to one end of the first guide section (112) facing the top of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The second arc segment (114) is connected to one end of the first arc segment (113) away from the first guide section (112). The third arc segment (115) is connected to one end of the second arc segment (114) away from the first arc segment (113).

5. The cylinder head according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radius of the first arc segment (113) is R1, the radius of the second arc segment (114) is R2, and the radius of the third arc segment (115) is R3. R1, R2 and R3 satisfy the relationship: R1>R2>R3. And / or, the radius R1 of the first arc segment (113) satisfies the following relationship: R1≥20mm, R1≤34mm; The radius R2 of the second arc segment (114) satisfies the following relationship: R2≥20mm, R2≤34mm; The radius R3 of the third arc segment (115) satisfies the following relationship: R3≥20mm, R3≤34mm.

6. The cylinder head according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the first guide segment (112) is D1, and the length of the second guide segment (116) is D2. D1 and D2 satisfy the relationship: D1≤D2.

7. The cylinder head according to claim 3, characterized in that, An intake seat ring (41) is provided at the connection between the intake passage (4) and the cylinder head combustion chamber (103), and the intake seat ring (41) is located on the outside of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103); a second plane (104) is defined, and the side of the intake seat ring (41) facing the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) is located on the second plane (104); a third plane (105) is defined as a plane that passes through the first guide section (112) and is perpendicular to the intake direction of the intake passage (4), and the third plane (105) and the second plane (104) together define a first included angle b1, and the first included angle b1 satisfies the following relationship: b1≥7°, b1≤14°.

8. The cylinder head according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ridge curve (110) also includes: A first arc (111) is located at one end of the first guide segment (112) away from the first arc segment (113), and the center of the first arc (111) is located in the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) to define a first receiving portion for receiving airflow on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103). The second arc (117) is located at one end of the second guide segment (116) away from the third arc segment (115), and the center of the second arc (117) is located in the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) to define a second receiving portion for receiving airflow on the exhaust side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103).

9. The cylinder head according to claim 8, characterized in that, The radius of the first arc (111) is R4, and the radius of the second arc (117) is R5. R4 and R5 satisfy the relationship: R4-R5≤2mm.

10. An engine, characterized in that, It includes the cylinder head as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; The engine also includes: Spark plug (2), the spark plug (2) is installed on the cylinder head (1), and the spark plug (2) is located near the exhaust port (5); Hydrogen injector (3), the hydrogen injector (3) is mounted on the cylinder head (1), the hydrogen injector (3) is located near the intake port (4); The central axis of the spark plug (2) intersects the central axis of the hydrogen injector (3) on the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103).

11. The engine according to claim 10, characterized in that, The cylinder head (1) is configured as a plurality of cylinder heads, each cylinder head (1) defining a cylinder head combustion chamber (103), and the plurality of cylinder head combustion chambers (103) are independently configured; each cylinder head (1) is equipped with at least one spark plug (2) and one hydrogen injector (3); each cylinder head (1) is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, the first mounting hole being used to install the spark plug (2) and the second mounting hole being used to install the hydrogen injector (3); the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively connected to the cylinder head combustion chamber (103); the central axis of the first mounting hole and the central axis of the second mounting hole intersect at the intake side of the cylinder head combustion chamber (103).

12. The engine according to claim 11, characterized in that, On the same cylinder head (1), the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) is defined by a first center line (102) in a horizontal plane. The first center line (102) is arranged along the arrangement direction of the intake passage (4) and the exhaust passage (5). A plane arranged vertically through the first center line (102) is a fourth plane. The central axis of the first mounting hole and the central axis of the second mounting hole are located in the fourth plane. And / or, the cylinder head combustion chamber (103) is defined by a second center line (106) in the vertical direction, and the distance D3 between the intersection of the central axis of the first mounting hole and the central axis of the second mounting hole and the second center line (106) satisfies the relationship: D3≤2.85mm.

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