Milling blade and cutter with same
By locally welding polycrystalline cubic boron nitride material onto the milling insert and optimizing the structural design, the problems of insufficient wear resistance and high cost of alloy cutting tools have been solved, achieving high-precision machining at high efficiency and low cost.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423101177.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing alloy cutting tools have insufficient wear resistance in machining high-hardness materials. Repeated tool replacements result in tool marks on the finished surface. Furthermore, composite material cutting tools are expensive and have complex manufacturing processes.
The first and second cutting heads are made of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) material, which is locally welded onto the carbide cutting body. Combined with the arc-shaped cutting edge with an inclined angle design, the milling insert structure is optimized to improve wear resistance and service life.
It improves the wear resistance and service life of cutting tools, reduces manufacturing costs, ensures machining accuracy and surface quality, reduces vibration and wear, and improves cutting efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223629560U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tool cutters, in particular to a milling cutter blade and a cutter with the same. BACKGROUND
[0002] A milling cutter is a rotary cutter with one or more teeth used for milling machining. During work, each tooth cuts off the excess of the workpiece intermittently. Milling cutters are mainly used for machining planes, steps, grooves, shaped surfaces and cutting off workpieces on milling machines. In the processing of automobile cover molds, high-precision profile milling cutters are widely used, mainly for finishing the three-dimensional surface of the mold. Due to their high precision and good cutting performance, these cutters greatly improve the efficiency and quality of mold manufacturing and reduce production costs. However, with the increasing demand of industry, the processing requirements for high-hardness materials are also increasing, and the traditional alloy cutters gradually show their shortcomings. At present, alloy cutters need to be replaced several times to complete the machining during the finishing of large molds, so that the finishing surface is prone to tool joint marks, causing secondary repair problems.
[0003] In order to improve the wear resistance and service life of the cutter, the existing solutions mainly include coating technology and the application of composite materials. Coating technology is to coat a layer of hard material such as TiN and Al2O3 on the surface of the traditional alloy cutter to enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance of the cutter. Another common method is to use composite cutter blades, such as combining a layer of PcBN (polycrystalline cubic boron nitride) with a hard alloy substrate to form a sandwich structure blade. These methods improve the wear resistance and service life of the cutter to some extent, but also have some limitations.
[0004] Although the application of coating technology and composite materials can significantly improve the wear resistance and service life of the cutter, there are still some problems in actual application. First of all, the uniformity and adhesion of the coating are problems, and the coating is easy to fall off, which limits the service life of the cutter. Secondly, a large amount of high-performance material is used as the support structure of the intermediate layer in the composite cutter blade, which has a high cost, especially the use of PcBN material greatly increases the overall cost of the blade. In addition, the structure of the composite cutter blade is complex, and the manufacturing process is difficult, especially in the machining of the fixing hole of the blade, which requires high precision and technical support. Therefore, how to reduce the manufacturing cost while ensuring the high performance of the cutter has become a problem to be solved. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
[0005] In order to improve the service life of the milling cutter and reduce its manufacturing cost, the present application provides a milling cutter blade and a cutter with the same.
[0006] In the first aspect, the milling cutter blade provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
[0007] A milling blade comprises a cutter body made of hard alloy material and a first cutter head and a second cutter head made of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride;
[0008] The cutter body is in a flat disc shape, first and second welding grooves are respectively and spaced apart on the outer circumferential surface of one end of the cutter body, the first cutter head is welded and fixed in the first welding groove of the cutter body, and the second cutter head is welded and fixed in the second welding groove of the cutter body; the outer side of the first cutter head and the second cutter head is provided with an arc-shaped cutting edge along the respective circumferential direction; the plane where the arc-shaped cutting edge is located has an inclined angle with the two side surfaces of the cutter body, and the arc-shaped cutting edge of the first cutter head is opposite to the arc-shaped cutting edge of the second cutter head.
[0009] The milling blade provided by the utility model effectively improves the overall wear resistance and service life of the blade by locally welding the first cutter head and the second cutter head made of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) material on the hard alloy cutter body. Specifically, the arc-shaped cutting edge of the first cutter head and the second cutter head can not only better adapt to the finishing requirement of a three-dimensional curved surface, but also make the cutting force more uniformly distributed through the design of the inclined angle, thereby reducing the wear of the cutter.
[0010] The milling blade in the technical scheme only uses high-performance polycrystalline cubic boron nitride material at the key parts such as the cutting edge, so that the cost of the entire cutter is controllable, and the hole on the cutter body is not affected, thereby facilitating machining and installation.
[0011] Optionally, the two side surfaces of the cutter body are clamping planes, a positioning and mounting hole penetrating through the two clamping planes is formed in the middle part of the cutter body, the outer circumferential surface of one end of the cutter body is provided with a V-shaped surface for positioning and cooperating with a cutter rod, and the outer circumferential surface of the cutter body is provided with an emptying plane at the tip of the V-shaped surface.
[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, the milling blade can be stably installed on the cutter rod, and the installation precision of the milling blade is improved.
[0013] Optionally, the outer side of the first cutter head and the second cutter head is a circular arc surface, the inner side of the first cutter head and the second cutter head is a V-shaped welding vertical edge, and the side wall of the first welding groove and the second welding groove is provided with a V-shaped abutting surface matched with the V-shaped welding vertical edge.
[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, the connection between the tool head and the tool body is more stable, the overall strength and rigidity of the blade are improved, the vibration and wear of the blade during high-speed cutting are effectively reduced, and the service life of the blade is prolonged. At the same time, the design of the arc surface on the tool head makes the cutting force distribution more uniform, reduces the cutting resistance, and improves the cutting efficiency and machining precision. The cooperation of the V-shaped abutting surface and the welded vertical edge further enhances the positioning accuracy of the tool head, ensures the stability and reliability of the blade during installation and use, and thus improves the quality of the machined surface.
[0015] Optionally, the side walls of the first welding groove and the second welding groove are provided with chip guiding channels.
[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, the chips generated during the cutting process of the tool can be effectively guided along the predetermined path, avoiding the problem of increased cutting resistance and aggravated blade wear caused by chip accumulation around the blade, thereby improving the service life and processing efficiency of the tool.
[0017] Optionally, the outer side surface of the first tool head and the second tool head is a relief surface, the outer side surface of the first tool head and the second tool head is a rake surface, and the arc-shaped cutting edge and the rake surface further have an inclined chamfer surface; the included angle between the chamfer surface and the normal of any point on the arc-shaped cutting edge is equal.
[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, the stress distribution during cutting is more uniform, the cutting force is effectively guided, the cutting vibration is reduced, the wear rate of the cutting edge is reduced, and the service life and machining precision of the tool are improved.
[0019] Optionally, a straight line d is defined between the abutting point of the arc-shaped cutting edge of the first tool head and the arc-shaped cutting edge of the second tool head and the center point of the tool body, and the first tool head and the second tool head are centrally symmetrically distributed with the straight line d as the axis of symmetry.
[0020] By adopting the above technical scheme, the stress distribution during cutting is more uniform, the cutting force is effectively guided, the cutting vibration is reduced, the wear rate of the cutting edge is reduced, and the service life and machining precision of the tool are improved.
[0021] In a second aspect, the tool provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
[0022] The utility model provides a tool bit, including the milling blade and the tool bar, one end of the tool bar is the clamping end, the other end is the mounting end, the mounting recess is seted up in the mounting end of the tool bar, the two side walls of the mounting recess are all the blade positioning cooperation face, the mounting recess is seted up in the mounting end of the tool bar and is communicated with the screw hole, the milling blade is embedded in the mounting recess and is fixed in the tool bar through the locking screw of inserting in the screw hole, the first tool bit and the second tool bit on the milling blade are towards the outside of the mounting recess.
[0023] By adopting the above technical scheme, the tool bit is convenient to assemble, the installation precision and stability of the milling blade can be effectively improved, the tool bit has good wear resistance, long service life and low manufacturing cost.
[0024] Optionally, the two sides of the mounting recess are a first jaw and a second jaw, respectively; the screw hole penetrates the first jaw and the second jaw; one side of the first jaw has a first chip guide surface, and one side of the second jaw has a second chip guide surface; the first jaw and the second jaw are centrally symmetrically arranged with the center axis of the tool bar as the axis of symmetry.
[0025] By adopting the above technical scheme, the design of the first jaw and the second jaw can effectively guide the chip discharge during cutting, avoiding the aggravation of tool wear and the decline of machining precision caused by chip accumulation. At the same time, the setting of the first chip guide surface and the second chip guide surface further optimizes the chip flow path, reduces the friction between the chip and the tool surface, and improves the service life and machining efficiency of the tool. The central symmetry design ensures the balance and stability of the tool during rotation, improving the quality and consistency of the machined surface.
[0026] Optionally, the part of the screw hole on the first jaw is a tapered surface hole without internal threads, and the part of the screw hole on the second jaw is a cylindrical threaded hole with internal threads.
[0027] By adopting the above technical scheme, the tapered surface hole can guide the locking screw during installation, facilitating installation and ensuring the accuracy of the milling blade installation, and the whole is also more beautiful. In addition, the design of the tapered surface hole can also reduce the stress concentration generated when the screw is tightened to some extent, prolonging the service life of the tool.
[0028] Optionally, the bottom surface of the mounting recess is a V-shaped positioning surface, and the V-shaped positioning surface is arranged in a non-axial symmetry with the center axis of the tool bar as the axis of symmetry.
[0029] By adopting the above technical scheme, the milling blade can only be installed in one direction, ensuring the installation precision of the milling blade and further improving the machining precision and surface quality.
[0030] To sum up, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
[0031] 1. The milling blade in the present application is made of a cutter head of locally-welded polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) material, which improves wear resistance and greatly improves the service life of the cutter, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of joint marks in mold machining due to multiple replacement of blades during large mold machining.
[0032] 2. The milling blade in the present application uses high-performance polycrystalline cubic boron nitride material only at the key parts such as the cutting edge, so that the cost of the entire cutter is controllable, and it also does not affect the hole opening on the cutter body, thereby facilitating machining and installation.
[0033] 3. In the present application, by optimizing the structure of the first cutter head and the second cutter head, not only can the three-dimensional surface finishing requirements be better met, but also by designing the inclined angle of the arc-shaped cutting edge, the cutting force of the cutter is more evenly distributed, reducing the wear of the cutter.
[0034] 4. In the present application, the two sides of the V-shaped positioning surface are asymmetrically arranged, so that the milling blade can only be installed in one direction, ensuring the installation accuracy of the milling blade and further improving the machining precision and surface quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cutter in the present application.
[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the cutter in the present application.
[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the milling blade in the present application.
[0038] Figure 4 is a left view of the milling blade in the present application.
[0039] Figure 5 is a top view of the milling blade in the present application.
[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the local cross-sectional structure at A-A in the present application. Figure 5
[0041] is a schematic diagram of the local cross-sectional structure at B-B in the present application. Figure 7 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the local cross-sectional structure at C-C in the present application.
[0042] Figure 8 Figure 5
[0043] in the figure:
[0044] 10, milling blade; 11, cutter body; 111, first welding groove; 112, second welding groove; 113, clamping plane; 114, positioning mounting hole; 115, V-shaped surface; 116, clearance plane; 117, V-shaped abutting surface; 118, chip guide channel; 12, first cutter head; 13, second cutter head; 14, arc-shaped cutting edge; 15, welded vertical edge; 16, relief surface; 17, rake surface; 18, chamfer surface;
[0045] 20, cutter bar; 21, mounting groove; 22, blade positioning matching surface; 23, screw hole; 24, first jaw; 241, first chip guide surface; 25, second jaw; 251, second chip guide surface; 26, V-shaped positioning surface;
[0046] 30, locking screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 - the accompanying drawings Figure 8 The embodiments described are only possible technical implementations of the present application, and are not all possible implementations. Those skilled in the art can certainly combine the embodiments of the present application to obtain other embodiments without creative labor, and these embodiments are also within the protection scope of the present application.
[0048] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the drawings, the cutter in the present application comprises a cutter bar 20 and a milling blade 10. One end of the cutter bar 20 is a clamping end, and the other end is a mounting end. The mounting end of the cutter bar 20 is provided with a mounting groove 21. The two side walls of the mounting groove 21 are both blade positioning matching surfaces 22. The mounting end of the cutter bar 20 is provided with a screw hole 23 penetrating through both sides of the cutter bar 20, and the screw hole 23 is in communication with the mounting groove 21. The milling blade 10 is embedded in the mounting groove 21 and is fixed to the cutter bar 20 by a locking screw 30 inserted into the screw hole 23. The first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13 on the milling blade 10 are directed outward from the mounting groove 21.
[0049] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, Figure 2As shown, two sides of the mounting groove 21 are respectively a first jaw 24 and a second jaw 25; the screw hole 23 penetrates the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25; one side of the first jaw 24 has a first chip guide surface 241, and one side of the second jaw 25 has a second chip guide surface 251; the first jaw 24 and the second jaw 25 are centrally symmetrically arranged with the central axis of the tool bar 20 as the axis of symmetry. In the embodiment, the part of the screw hole 23 located on the first jaw 24 is a tapered hole without internal threads, and the part of the screw hole 23 located on the second jaw 25 is a cylindrical threaded hole with internal threads. The bottom surface of the mounting groove 21 is a V-shaped positioning surface 26, and the V-shaped positioning surface 26 is arranged in a non-axially symmetric manner with the central axis of the tool bar 20 as the axis of symmetry.
[0050] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the milling blade 10 includes a tool body 11 made of a hard alloy material and first and second tool heads 12 and 13 made of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride; the tool body 11 is in a flat disc shape, and first and second welding grooves 111 and 112 are respectively and spaced apart on the outer circumferential surface of one end of the tool body 11, the first tool head 12 is welded and fixed in the first welding groove 111 of the tool body 11, and the second tool head 13 is welded and fixed in the second welding groove 112 of the tool body 11; the outer side of each of the first and second tool heads 12 and 13 has an arc-shaped cutting edge 14 along the circumferential direction thereof; the plane on which the arc-shaped cutting edge 14 is located has an inclined angle with the two side surfaces of the tool body 11, and the arc-shaped cutting edge 14 of the first tool head 12 is in abutment with the arc-shaped cutting edge 14 of the second tool head 13.
[0051] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the two side surfaces of the tool body 11 are clamping planes 113 that cooperate with the blade positioning and fitting surface 22 on the tool bar 20, the middle part of the tool body 11 is provided with a positioning and mounting hole 114 that penetrates the two clamping planes 113 and is used for penetrating a locking screw 30, the outer circumferential surface of one end of the tool body 11 has a V-shaped surface 115 that is used for positioning and fitting with the tool bar 20 and cooperates with the V-shaped positioning surface 26 on the tool bar 20, and the outer circumferential surface of the tool body 11 is provided with a clearance plane 116 at the tip of the V-shaped surface 115. These structures facilitate the stable installation of the milling blade 10 on the tool bar 20 and improve the installation accuracy of the milling blade 10.
[0052] The outer sides of the first tool bit 12 and the second tool bit 13 are both arc surfaces, and the inner sides of the first tool bit 12 and the second tool bit 13 are both V-shaped welding vertical edges 15; the side walls of the first welding groove 111 and the second welding groove 112 have V-shaped abutting surfaces 117 matched with the V-shaped welding vertical edges 15. A line d between the abutting point of the arc-shaped cutting edge 14 of the first tool bit 12 and the arc-shaped cutting edge 14 of the second tool bit 13 and the center point of the tool body 11 is a straight line, and the first tool bit 12 and the second tool bit 13 are centrally symmetrically distributed with the straight line d as the axis of symmetry.
[0053] Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the side walls of the first welding groove 111 and the second welding groove 112 are both provided with chip guiding channels 118 for guiding the chips generated in the cutting process of the tool to be discharged, avoiding the problem of increased cutting resistance and aggravated tool wear caused by the accumulation of chips around the tool piece, thereby improving the service life and processing efficiency of the tool. The outer side surface of the first tool bit 12 and the second tool bit 13 is a relief surface 16, and the outer side surface of the first tool bit 12 and the second tool bit 13 is a rake surface 17. The arc-shaped cutting edge 14 and the rake surface 17 also have an inclined chamfer surface 18 therebetween.
[0054] In this embodiment, the angle between the normal of the chamfer surface 18 and any point on the arc-shaped cutting edge 14 is equal. Referring to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , three points are taken on the arc-shaped cutting edge 14, and normal straight lines are drawn through these three points. The angles between the chamfer surface 18 at the positions corresponding to these three points and the corresponding normal straight lines are a, b and c respectively, and the angles a, b and c are equal.
[0055] The implementation principle is as follows: the milling tool piece 10 provided in this embodiment is made by locally welding the first tool bit 12 and the second tool bit 13 made of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) material on the hard alloy tool body 11, effectively improving the overall wear resistance and service life of the tool piece. Specifically, the arc-shaped cutting edge 14 of the first tool bit 12 and the second tool bit 13 not only can better adapt to the finishing requirements of three-dimensional curved surfaces, but also can make the cutting force more uniformly distributed through the design of the inclined angle, thereby reducing the wear of the tool. In addition, the arc-shaped cutting edges 14 of the first tool bit 12 and the second tool bit 13 are in abutment, forming a continuous cutting edge, avoiding the tool joint marks generated in the machining process of the traditional tool, and significantly improving the quality of the machined surface.
[0056] The milling tool piece 10 in this embodiment only uses high-performance polycrystalline cubic boron nitride material at the key positions such as the cutting edge, so that the cost of the entire tool can be controlled, and the hole on the tool body 11 is not affected, thereby facilitating machining and installation.
[0057] In the embodiment, the V-shaped positioning surface 26 is non-axially symmetrical with the center axis of the tool bar 20 as the axis of symmetry, so that the milling insert 10 can be installed in one direction only, ensuring the installation accuracy of the milling insert 10 and further improving the machining accuracy and surface quality.
[0058] The embodiments of the specific implementation are the preferred embodiments of the present application, but do not limit the protection scope of the present application, wherein the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. Therefore: any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A milling insert, characterized by The tool body (11) is flat and disc-shaped, and a first welding groove (111) and a second welding groove (112) are respectively and separately formed on the outer circumferential surface of one end of the tool body (11), the first tool head (12) is welded and fixed in the first welding groove (111) of the tool body (11), and the second tool head (13) is welded and fixed in the second welding groove (112) of the tool body (11); the outer side of each of the first tool head (12) and the second tool head (13) has an arc-shaped cutting edge (14) along the circumferential direction thereof; the plane where the arc-shaped cutting edge (14) is located has an inclined angle with the two side surfaces of the tool body (11), and the arc-shaped cutting edge (14) of the first tool head (12) is opposite to the arc-shaped cutting edge (14) of the second tool head (13). The two side surfaces of the tool body (11) are clamping planes (113), a positioning and mounting hole (114) penetrating through the two clamping planes (113) is formed in the middle part of the tool body (11), and the outer circumferential surface of one end of the tool body (11) has a V-shaped surface (115) for positioning and cooperating with a tool rod (20), and the outer circumferential surface of the tool body (11) is provided with a clearance plane (116) at the tip of the V-shaped surface (115).
2. The milling insert according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer side of each of the first tool head (12) and the second tool head (13) is a circular arc surface, and the inner side of each of the first tool head (12) and the second tool head (13) is a V-shaped welding vertical edge (15); the side wall of each of the first welding groove (111) and the second welding groove (112) has a V-shaped abutting surface (117) matched with the V-shaped welding vertical edge (15).
3. The milling insert according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The side wall of each of the first welding groove (111) and the second welding groove (112) is provided with a chip guide channel (118).
4. The milling insert according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The outer circumferential surface of each of the first tool head (12) and the second tool head (13) is a relief surface (16), the outer side surface of each of the first tool head (12) and the second tool head (13) is a rake surface (17), and the arc-shaped cutting edge (14) and the rake surface (17) further have an inclined chamfer surface (18) therebetween; the included angle between the chamfer surface (18) and the normal of any point on the arc-shaped cutting edge (14) is equal.
5. The milling insert according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The line between the abutting point of the arc-shaped cutting edge (14) of the first tool head (12) and the arc-shaped cutting edge (14) of the second tool head (13) and the center point of the tool body (11) is defined as a straight line d, and the first tool head (12) and the second tool head (13) are centrally symmetrically distributed with the straight line d as the axis of symmetry.
6. The milling insert according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 7. A cutting tool characterized by The milling cutter (10) is embedded in the mounting groove (21) and is fixed on the cutter bar (20) through the locking screw (30) inserted in the screw hole (23).
8. The tool of claim 7 wherein, The two sides of the mounting groove (21) are respectively a first jaw portion (24) and a second jaw portion (25); the screw hole (23) penetrates the first jaw portion (24) and the second jaw portion (25); one side of the first jaw portion (24) has a first chip guide surface (241), and one side of the second jaw portion (25) has a second chip guide surface (251); the first jaw portion (24) and the second jaw portion (25) are centrally symmetrically arranged with the center axis of the cutter bar (20) as the axis of symmetry.
9. The tool of claim 8 wherein, The part of the screw hole (23) on the first jaw portion (24) is a tapered hole without internal threads, and the part of the screw hole (23) on the second jaw portion (25) is a cylindrical threaded hole with internal threads.
10. The knife of claim 8, wherein, The bottom surface of the mounting groove (21) is a V-shaped positioning surface (26), and the V-shaped positioning surface (26) is arranged in a non-axially symmetric manner with the center axis of the cutter bar (20) as the axis of symmetry.