Laser head and laser arc hybrid welding equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a laser head and laser arc hybrid welding equipment. The laser head comprises a collimating lens group and a focusing lens group. The collimating lens group is used for collimating the laser, and the first focal length of the collimating lens group is set to be F1. The focusing lens group is used for receiving the laser collimated by the collimating lens group, and the focusing lens group is used for focusing the laser on a workpiece; the second focal length of the focus lens group is set as F2, and the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 meet the relational expression. The laser head can obtain a small optical magnification ratio.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a laser head and a laser-arc hybrid welding device. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a new welding technology, laser-arc hybrid welding uses laser and arc to melt metal base material, so that the workpiece to be welded forms a metallurgical bonding processing technology. Laser welding has high energy density, small thermal deformation and fast welding speed; arc welding has strong bridging ability and can weld various materials. Laser-arc hybrid welding fully utilizes the advantages of laser welding and arc welding by combining the two heat sources. In the welding process, the laser stabilizes the arc to enhance the droplet transfer capability, and the arc improves the metal absorption capability of the laser, thereby effectively increasing the welding penetration and joint adaptability.

[0003] The laser-arc hybrid welding device generally includes a laser head for adjusting the propagation direction of the laser and shaping the laser. In the related art, due to unreasonable lens selection, it is difficult to obtain a suitable optical amplification ratio after the laser passes through the laser head, which makes it difficult to achieve penetration welding of medium-thick plates. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a laser head capable of obtaining a smaller optical amplification ratio.

[0005] The present application also provides a laser-arc hybrid welding device having the above laser head.

[0006] The laser head according to the first aspect of the present application comprises:

[0007] a collimating mirror group for collimating the laser, wherein a first focal length of the collimating mirror group is F1;

[0008] a focusing mirror group for receiving the laser after collimation by the collimating mirror group, wherein the focusing mirror group is configured to focus the laser on a workpiece, and a second focal length of the focusing mirror group is F2, and the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship

[0009]

[0010] The laser head according to the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: when the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship , the laser head has a smaller optical amplification ratio, which is conducive to obtaining a smaller focal spot diameter and a suitable divergence angle of the laser, thereby meeting the penetration welding of medium-thick plates.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present application, the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship

[0014] A laser electric arc hybrid welding device according to a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, comprising:

[0015] The laser head described above;

[0016] A laser for generating the laser;

[0017] An optical fiber for transmitting the laser generated by the laser to the laser head.

[0018] An electric arc welding torch for guiding a welding wire to the workpiece.

[0019] The laser electric arc hybrid welding device according to embodiments of the present application has at least the following beneficial effects: by using the laser head described above, the laser electric arc hybrid welding device is conducive to penetration welding of a heavy plate.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, the electric arc welding torch comprises:

[0021] A nozzle comprising a side wall, the side wall enclosing a through hole, the through hole being used for spraying a welding protection gas and for the welding wire to pass through; the side wall is provided with a notch, the notch penetrating through the inner surface and the outer surface of the side wall, and the notch is used for the laser to pass through.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present application, the horizontal distance d2 between the welding wire and the laser on the surface of the workpiece satisfies the relationship 0≤d2≤6, wherein the unit of the horizontal distance d2 is millimeter.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present application, the horizontal distance d2 satisfies the relationship 0.5≤d2≤2.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present application, the horizontal distance d2 satisfies the relationship 0≤d2<0.5.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fiber core diameter d1 of the optical fiber satisfies the relationship 10≤d1≤160, wherein the unit of the fiber core diameter d1 is micrometer.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present application, the fiber core diameter d1 satisfies the relationship 150<d1≤160.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present application, further comprising:

[0028] an adjusting assembly for driving the laser to reciprocate along a width direction of the weld of the workpiece.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present application, the welding penetration of the workpiece is d3, and the welding defocusing amount F of the laser head c satisfies the relationship -d3≤F c ≤1, wherein the welding defocusing amount F c is in millimeters.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present application, the conveying direction of the welding wire is a first direction, and the laser-arc hybrid welding device further comprises:

[0031] a wire feeder for driving the welding wire to move along the first direction;

[0032] a wire drawing machine for driving the welding wire to move along the first direction, and the wire feeder, the wire drawing machine and the arc welding torch are arranged in sequence along the first direction.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a laser head of an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic view of a laser-arc hybrid welding device of an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of a nozzle of an arc welding torch of the laser-arc hybrid welding device in Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of another angle of the nozzle in Figure 3 ;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic view of a welding defocusing amount of a laser.

[0040] Reference signs: workpiece 100, weld 110;

[0041] laser welding system 200, laser 210, optical fiber 220, laser head 230, shell 231, collimating mirror group 232, focusing mirror group 233, laser 240;

[0042] Arc welding system 300, arc welding power source 310, wire feeder 320, wire puller 330, arc welding torch 340, nozzle 341, sidewall 342, notch 343, through-hole 344, inner surface 345, outer surface 346, inner side surface 347, welding wire 350. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar reference signs throughout the drawings. The embodiments described below are examples for explaining the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0044] In the description of the present application, if the orientation description, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, and the like, is referred to, the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings is based on the orientation or positional relationship, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0045] In the description of the present application, if the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more, greater than, less than, more than, and the like are understood as not including the number, above, below, and the like are understood as including the number. If the first, second, and the like are described, they are only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of technical features indicated.

[0046] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly limited, the words such as setting, installing, connecting, and the like should be broadly understood, and the person skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above words in the present application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0047] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0048] Reference Signs List Figure 1According to the laser head 230 of the embodiment of the present application, the collimating lens group 232 is used to collimate the laser 240, and the first focal length of the collimating lens group 232 is F1. The focusing lens group 233 is used to receive the laser 240 after collimation by the collimating lens group 232, and the focusing lens group 233 is used to focus the laser 240 on the workpiece 100. The second focal length of the focusing lens group 233 is F2, and the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship

[0049] According to the laser head of the embodiment of the present application, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: when the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship , the laser head 230 has a small optical magnification ratio, thereby facilitating the laser 240 to obtain a small focal spot diameter and a suitable divergence angle, so as to meet the penetration welding of the medium-thick plate.

[0050] Specifically, the first focal length F1 of the collimating lens group 232 can be 75 mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm, 600 mm, or other values. Correspondingly, the second focal length F2 of the focusing lens group 233 can be 75 mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm, 600 mm, or other values.

[0051] It should be noted that the collimating lens group 232 can be one of a plano-convex lens, a cylindrical lens, a double convex lens, and a cemented lens. The focusing lens group 233 can be one of a plano-convex lens, a half-moon lens, a double convex lens, and a cemented lens.

[0052] Specifically, the laser head 230 further includes a housing 231, and the collimating lens group 232 and the focusing lens group 233 are both mounted in the housing 231, and the collimating lens group 232 and the focusing lens group 233 are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of the laser 240.

[0053] Referring to Figure 1 , in the improvement scheme of the above embodiment, the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship

[0054] When the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship , the laser head 230 has a small optical magnification ratio, thereby facilitating the laser 240 to obtain a small focal spot diameter and a suitable divergence angle, so as to meet the penetration welding of the medium-thick plate.

[0055] Specifically, the combination of the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 is Any one of the following groups: 200 / 100, 200 / 125, 200 / 150, 200 / 200, 250 / 125, 250 / 150, 250 / 200, 250 / 250, 300 / 150, 300 / 200, 300 / 250, 300 / 300, 350 / 200, 350 / 250, 350 / 300, 400 / 200, 400 / 250, 400 / 300, 500 / 250, 500 / 300.

[0056] With reference to Figure 1 In the improved scheme of the above embodiment, the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship

[0057]

[0058] When the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship , the laser head 230 has a smaller optical amplification ratio, thereby facilitating the laser 240 to obtain a smaller focal spot diameter and a suitable divergence angle, so as to meet the penetration welding of the medium-thick plate.

[0059] Specifically, the combination ratio of the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 is Any one of the following groups: 200 / 150, 200 / 125, 250 / 150, 250 / 200, 300 / 200, 300 / 250, 350 / 200, 350 / 250, 400 / 250, 400 / 300, 500 / 300.

[0060] With reference to Figure 1 In the improved scheme of the above embodiment, the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship

[0061]

[0062] When the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship , the laser head 230 has a smaller optical amplification ratio, thereby facilitating the laser 240 to obtain a smaller focal spot diameter and a suitable divergence angle, so as to meet the penetration welding of the medium-thick plate.

[0063] With reference to Figure 2 and Figure 4 According to the second aspect embodiment of the present application, the laser-arc hybrid welding device comprises a laser 210, an optical fiber 220, a laser head 230, and an arc welding gun 340. The laser 210 is configured to generate a laser 240. The optical fiber 220 is configured to transmit the laser 240 generated by the laser 210 to the laser head 230. The arc welding gun 340 is configured to guide a welding wire 350 to the workpiece 100.

[0064] According to the laser electric arc hybrid welding device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the following beneficial effects are achieved: the laser electric arc hybrid welding device is beneficial to the penetration welding of a plate by using the laser head 230.

[0065] With reference to Figures 2 to 3 In the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, the arc welding torch 340 comprises a nozzle 341, the nozzle 341 comprises a side wall 342, the side wall 342 encloses a through hole 344, the through hole 344 is used for spraying welding protection gas, and the through hole 344 is also used for passing the welding wire 350. The side wall 342 is provided with a notch 343, the notch 343 penetrates the inner surface 345 and the outer surface 346 of the side wall 342, and the notch 343 is used for passing the laser 240.

[0066] When the arc welding torch 340 is close to the laser 240, the laser 240 can pass through the notch 343, and the horizontal distance d2 between the welding wire 350 and the laser 240 on the surface of the workpiece 100 can be shorter.

[0067] Specifically, the welding protection gas can be argon, helium, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or other gases.

[0068] Specifically, the notch 343 provided on the nozzle 341 can have the following three avoidance effects.

[0069] First, in the case that the horizontal distance d2 is small, the laser 240 will not interfere with the nozzle 341. Second, in the case that the welding wire 350 has a small extension length and can contact the surface of the workpiece 100, the laser 240 will not interfere with the nozzle 341. Third, in the case that the included angle between the welding wire 350 and the laser 240 is small, the laser 240 will not interfere with the nozzle 341. By providing the notch 343, the above three avoidance effects can be achieved, the nozzle 341 and the laser 240 can be precisely adjusted in a small distance range, and thus the effect of the laser electric arc hybrid welding is improved.

[0070] With reference to Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present application, the inner side surface 347 of the notch 343 comprises a smooth curved surface.

[0071] By processing the inner side surface 347 of the notch 343 into a smooth curved surface, burrs can be reduced, and the probability that the nozzle 341 contacts and interferes with the laser 240 and the welding wire 350 can be reduced. In addition, the inner side surface 347 of the notch 343 is a smooth curved surface, and the inner side surface 347 of the notch 343 is not easy to crack, thereby being beneficial to prolonging the service life of the nozzle 341.

[0072] It should be noted that a smooth surface refers to a continuous surface without cusps, creases, or abrupt changes. More specifically, a smooth surface is an example of a differential manifold, where a tangent plane can be defined at every point, and the properties of the surface can be approximated as planes over a small range.

[0073] Reference Figure 3 In the improved version of the above embodiments, the curved surface includes a circular arc surface or an elliptical arc surface.

[0074] Circular or elliptical arc surfaces are regular curved surfaces, which are easy to process and thus help reduce processing costs.

[0075] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the horizontal distance d2 between the welding wire 350 and the laser 240 on the surface of the workpiece 100 satisfies the relationship 0≤d2≤6, where the unit of the horizontal distance d2 is millimeters.

[0076] Reference Figure 4 It should be noted that the horizontal distance d2, also known as the wire spacing, refers to the distance between the rear edge of the lower end of the welding wire 350 and the center of the laser spot formed by the laser 240 on the surface of the workpiece 100 after the welding wire 350 contacts the surface. The horizontal distance d2 must not be less than 0; otherwise, the laser 240 will intersect with the welding wire 350, causing interference and resulting in instability in the composite welding process. If the horizontal distance d2 is too large, the laser molten pool formed by the laser 240 will attract and interfere with the transfer of molten droplets from the welding wire 350, causing welding instability. Furthermore, as the horizontal distance d2 increases further, arc welding and laser welding will become independent of each other, failing to achieve the effect of composite welding.

[0077] When the horizontal distance d2 between the welding wire 350 and the laser 240 on the surface of the workpiece 100 is no greater than 6mm, the distance between the welding wire 350 and the laser 240 is relatively close, and a good coupling effect can be obtained between the electric arc generated by the laser 240 and the welding wire 350, thereby ensuring welding stability.

[0078] Specifically, the horizontal distance d2 can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm or other values.

[0079] Reference Figure 4 In the improved scheme of the above embodiment, the horizontal distance d2 satisfies the relationship 0.5≤d2≤2.

[0080] When the horizontal distance d2 is not less than 0.5mm and not greater than 2mm, the distance between the welding wire 350 and the laser 240 is further reduced. At this time, the coupling effect between the electric arc and the laser 240 is better, and the welding stability is better.

[0081] Specifically, the horizontal distance d2 can be 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, or other values.

[0082] Referring to Figure 4 In the improved scheme of the above embodiment, the horizontal distance d2 satisfies the relationship 0≤d2<0.5.

[0083] When the horizontal distance d2 between the welding wire 350 and the laser 240 on the surface of the workpiece 100 is less than 0.5 mm, the distance between the welding wire 350 and the laser 240 is in a smaller range, and the coupling effect between the arc and the laser 240 is better, and the stability of the welding is better.

[0084] Specifically, the horizontal distance d2 between the welding wire 350 and the laser 240 on the surface of the workpiece 100 can be 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, or other values.

[0085] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present application, the fiber core diameter d1 of the optical fiber 220 satisfies the relationship 10≤d1≤160, wherein the unit of the fiber core diameter d1 is microns.

[0086] The optical fiber 220 with the fiber core diameter d1 not less than 10 μm and not greater than 160 μm belongs to a relatively thin optical fiber 220. By using the optical fiber 220 with a smaller fiber core diameter d1, the laser 240 can have a higher energy density, thereby obtaining a greater welding depth and a faster welding speed.

[0087] Specifically, the fiber core diameter d1 of the optical fiber 220 can be 10 μm, 14 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 50 μm, 75 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, 130 μm, 140 μm, 150 μm, 160 μm, or other values.

[0088] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 2 In the improved scheme of the above embodiment, the fiber core diameter d1 satisfies the relationship 150<d1≤160, wherein the unit of the fiber core diameter d1 is microns.

[0089] The optical fiber 220 with the fiber core diameter d1 greater than 150 μm and not greater than 160 μm belongs to a relatively thin optical fiber 220. By using the optical fiber 220 with a smaller fiber core diameter d1, the laser 240 can have a higher energy density, thereby obtaining a greater welding depth and a faster welding speed.

[0090] Specifically, the fiber core diameter d1 of the optical fiber 220 can be 151 μm, 155 μm, 160 μm, or other values.

[0091] It should be noted that the laser 210, the optical fiber 220 and the laser head 230 together constitute the laser welding system 200.

[0092] It should be noted that the smaller fiber core diameter d1 and the smaller horizontal distance d2 are combined to have different effects.

[0093] When the fiber core diameter d1 is small, a smaller light spot can be obtained, thereby having the following technical effects. First, the laser 240 has better penetration, thereby being beneficial to improve the welding speed; when welding a medium-thick plate, the smaller light spot can make the heat input of the molten pool smaller, and the molten pool is easy to solidify, thereby reducing the probability of molten pool dripping. Second, when welding, the laser 240 with a smaller light spot generates a smaller hole diameter, thereby generating less metal vapor; the more the metal vapor, the more likely it is to interfere with the arc; the less the metal vapor, even if the light wire spacing d2 is small, the metal vapor has less interference on the arc, thereby the arc is more stable.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present application, the laser-arc hybrid welding device further comprises an adjusting assembly for driving the laser 240 to reciprocate along the width direction of the weld 110 of the workpiece 100.

[0095] By making the laser 240 swing and scan along the width direction of the weld 110 of the workpiece 100 at a set amplitude and frequency, the weld width of the weld 110 can be adjusted during welding, the influence of the workpiece joint gap and the misalignment is reduced, and the adaptability of welding is better.

[0096] Specifically, the adjusting assembly can be a galvanometer, which directly adjusts the propagation direction of the laser 240. In addition, the adjusting assembly can also be a motor or a mechanical arm, which adjusts the position of the laser head 230, thereby adjusting the propagation direction of the laser 240.

[0097] Referring to Figure 5 , some embodiments of the present application, the welding penetration of the workpiece 100 is d3, and the welding defocusing amount F c of the laser head 230 satisfies the relationship -d3≤F c ≤1. c The unit of the welding defocusing amount F c is millimeter.

[0098] By making the welding defocusing amount F c of the laser head 230 satisfy the relationship -d3≤F c ≤1, the laser 240 can obtain better penetration to meet the welding requirements of large welding penetration of medium-thick plates.

[0099] Referring to Figure 5 , according to the positional relationship between the focal point of the laser 240 and the upper surface of the workpiece 100, the welding defocusing amount F cThe laser 240 can be classified as negative defocus, zero defocus and positive defocus. The negative defocus means that the focal point of the laser 240 is below the upper surface of the workpiece 100, the positive defocus means that the focal point of the laser 240 is above the upper surface of the workpiece 100, and the zero defocus means that the focal point of the laser 240 coincides with the upper surface of the workpiece 100.

[0100] It can be understood that the welding penetration d3 is the target welding depth of the workpiece 100. For example, when the welding penetration d3 is 8mm, the welding defocus amount F c is set to be between -8mm and +1mm; when the welding penetration d3 is 16mm, the welding defocus amount F c is set to be between -16mm and +1mm; when the welding penetration d3 is 20mm, the welding defocus amount F c is set to be between -20mm and +1mm; when the welding penetration d3 is 25.5mm, the welding defocus amount F c is set to be between -25.5mm and +1mm.

[0101] It can be understood that the welding defocus amount F c in the embodiments of the present application belongs to low focal point welding, and the positive focal point is only +1mm, and the negative focal point is as low as -d3 (i.e. negative welding penetration). The focal point range is set to be beneficial to the laser 240 to obtain better penetration depth, and meet the welding requirements of large welding penetration of the medium-thick plate.

[0102] In another embodiment, the welding defocus amount F c satisfies the relationship formula so that the laser 240 obtains better penetration depth. Specifically, when the welding penetration d3 is 16mm, the welding defocus amount F c is set to be between -8mm and 0mm; when the welding penetration d3 is 20.5mm, the welding defocus amount F c is set to be between -10.25mm and 0mm.

[0103] Referring to Figure 2 , in some embodiments of the present application, the conveying direction of the welding wire 350 is the first direction, and the laser-arc hybrid welding device further comprises a wire feeder 320 and a wire puller 330. The wire feeder 320 is used to drive the welding wire 350 to move along the first direction. The wire puller 330 is used to drive the welding wire 350 to move along the first direction, and the wire feeder 320, the wire puller 330 and the arc welding gun 340 are sequentially arranged along the first direction.

[0104] By feeding the welding wire 350 together through the wire feeder 320 and the wire puller 330, the conveying of the welding wire 350 will be more stable, thereby making the welding more stable.

[0105] Specifically, the wire feeder 320 can adopt a driven roller and a motor-driven driving roller, and the wire puller 330 is the same.

[0106] The laser-arc hybrid welding device has a push-pull wire function, compared with single wire feeding, a wire pulling machine 330 is added. The wire feeder 320 is connected to the arc welding power supply 310 (the arc welding power supply 310 is used to power the welding wire 350) more closely, and the wire feeder 320 can push the welding wire 350 to move to the right. The wire pulling machine 330 is located at the right end, and is more closely connected to the arc welding gun 340, and the wire pulling machine 330 synchronously pulls the welding wire 350 and pushes it to the arc welding gun 340. Because the laser-arc hybrid welding has a high welding speed, the arc welding system 300 with the push-pull wire function is selected, which can ensure the stability of the welding wire 350 delivery.

[0107] The wire feeding is more stable, which can ensure the stability of the arc formed by the lower end of the welding wire 350, and also can ensure the stability of the light wire spacing, so that the hybrid welding is more stable. After the wire pulling machine 330 is connected with the arc welding gun 340 as a whole, it is connected with the laser head 130 through the connecting mechanism to form a laser-arc hybrid welding head. During the welding process, the laser-arc hybrid welding head moves as a whole, and the stability of the welding will not be affected by the change of the posture of the welding wire 350 in the arc welding gun 340. The arc welding gun 340 and the laser head 130 are connected through the connecting mechanism, and the connecting mechanism has three-dimensional adjustment function, that is, the position can be adjusted in the front-back direction, the left-right direction and the up-down direction, so that the light wire distance between the welding wire 350 and the laser beam 240 can be freely adjusted. In addition, the connecting mechanism can also adjust the included angle between the arc welding gun 340 and the laser beam 240.

[0108] The above embodiments of the present application are described in detail in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge range of ordinary skilled in the art without departing from the purpose of the present application. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. A laser head, characterized by Comprising: a collimating lens group for collimating the laser light, wherein a first focal length of the collimating lens group is F1; a focusing lens group for receiving the laser light after collimation by the collimating lens group, the focusing lens group being configured to focus the laser light on a workpiece; a second focal length of the focusing lens group being F2, the first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfying the relationship 2. The laser head of claim 1, wherein The first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship 3. The laser head of claim 2, wherein The first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship 4. The laser head of claim 1, wherein The first focal length F1 and the second focal length F2 satisfy the relationship 5. Laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus, characterized in that Comprising: the laser head of any one of claims 1 to 4; a laser for generating the laser light; an optical fiber for transmitting the laser light generated by the laser to the laser head; an arc welding torch for guiding a welding wire to the workpiece.

6. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The arc welding torch comprises: a nozzle comprising a side wall, the side wall enclosing a through hole for spraying welding protection gas and for the welding wire to pass through, the side wall being provided with a notch penetrating through the inner surface and the outer surface of the side wall, the notch being used for the laser to pass through.

7. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The horizontal distance d2 between the welding wire and the laser on the surface of the workpiece satisfies the relationship 0≤d2≤6, wherein the unit of the horizontal distance d2 is millimeter.

8. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus of claim 7, wherein, The horizontal distance d2 satisfies the relationship 0.5≤d2≤2.

9. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus of claim 7, wherein, The horizontal distance d2 satisfies the relationship 0≤d2<0.

5.

10. Laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that The fiber core diameter d1 of the optical fiber satisfies the relationship 10≤d1≤160, wherein the unit of the fiber core diameter d1 is micrometer.

11. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus of claim 10, wherein, The fiber core diameter d1 satisfies the relationship 150<d1≤160.

12. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized by, Further comprising: an adjusting assembly for driving the laser to reciprocate along the width direction of the weld of the workpiece.

13. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized by, wherein a welding penetration of the workpiece is d3, and a welding defocusing amount F of the laser head c satisfies a relational expression -f3≤F c ≤1, where the welding defocusing amount F c is in units of millimeters.

14. The laser-arc hybrid welding apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized by, The conveying direction of the welding wire is the first direction, and the laser-arc hybrid welding device further comprises: a wire feeder for driving the welding wire to move along the first direction; a wire drawing machine for driving the welding wire to move along the first direction, and the wire feeder, the wire drawing machine and the arc welding torch are sequentially arranged along the first direction.

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