Intelligent power distribution box and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides an intelligent power distribution box and a vehicle. The intelligent power distribution box comprises a power supply input interface, an anti-reverse connection protection circuit, a system power supply module, a control module and a load switch module. The power supply input interface is used for being connected with a vehicle end power supply module, the power supply input interface is connected with the anti-reverse connection protection circuit, the system power supply module takes electricity through the anti-reverse connection protection circuit, the system power supply module is electrically connected with the control module, the control module is electrically connected with the load switch module, and the load switch module is electrically connected with the vehicle end power supply module. The control module controls power supply to each load loop connected to the output end of the load switch module. According to the intelligent distribution box disclosed by the invention, the anti-reverse connection protection circuit is arranged between the power input interface and the system power supply, so that irreversible damage to a post-stage load at the output end of the distribution box caused by misconnection of the power input end due to human negligence can be prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automobile power distribution, especially to an intelligent power distribution box and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The conventional power distribution box adopts fuse, slow-melting fuse and plate fuse of three different rated current specifications to meet the power supply application of different scenes and needs of the vehicle and to realize the protection of the vehicle wiring harness and load. With the development of semiconductor technology, various new semiconductor devices such as E-fuse, Mosfet and HSD (High-Side Driver) have been gradually applied to the design of intelligent power distribution related products to realize intelligent protection and monitoring.

[0003] The conventional power distribution box cannot detect whether the power input terminal is reversed, and the mechanical and pattern identification of the terminal are usually used for identification. However, if the power input terminal is reversed, the input terminal will be burned, and even the entire electronic system will be burned. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide an intelligent power distribution box and a vehicle to at least partially solve the above problems.

[0005] In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an intelligent power distribution box, which comprises a power input interface, an anti-reverse protection circuit, a system power module, a control module and a load switch module. The power input interface is used to connect a vehicle power supply module. The power input interface is connected with the anti-reverse protection circuit. The system power module takes power through the anti-reverse protection circuit. The system power module is electrically connected with the control module. The control module is electrically connected with the load switch module. The control module controls the power supply to each load circuit connected to the output end of the load switch module.

[0006] Preferably, the anti-reverse protection circuit comprises a first MOS tube, a voltage stabilizing diode, a second resistor and a third resistor. The drain of the first MOS tube is connected with the power ground of the vehicle power supply module. The gate of the first MOS tube is connected with the system ground of the system power module through the third resistor and is connected with the power input end of the system power module through the second resistor. The voltage stabilizing diode is connected between the gate of the first MOS tube and the system ground. The source of the first MOS tube is connected with the system ground.

[0007] Preferably, the reverse connection protection circuit further comprises a common mode inductor, a first resistor and a first diode pair, the first resistor and the first diode pair are connected in series and then connected between a first input end and a second input end of the common mode inductor, the first input end is used for connecting a positive pole of the vehicle-end power supply module, the second input end is connected to the power supply ground, a first output end of the common mode inductor is connected to the power supply input end, and a second output end of the common mode inductor is connected to a drain of the first MOS tube.

[0008] Preferably, the first diode pair comprises a Schottky diode and a low-impedance current-limiting diode connected in series.

[0009] Preferably, a Pi filter circuit is further included, and the Pi filter circuit is connected between the reverse connection protection circuit and the system power supply module.

[0010] Preferably, the Pi filter circuit comprises a differential mode inductor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel across the differential mode inductor, an input end of the differential mode inductor is connected to the first output end of the common mode inductor, and an output end of the differential mode inductor is connected to the power supply input end.

[0011] Preferably, the load switch module comprises a driving module, a second MOS tube and a third MOS tube, an output end of the control module is connected to an input end of the driving module, output ends of the driving module are respectively connected to gates of the second MOS tube and the third MOS tube, a drain of the second MOS tube is connected to a drain of the third MOS tube, a source of the second MOS tube is used for connecting a positive pole of the vehicle-end power supply module, and a source of the third MOS tube is used for connecting each load circuit in the rear stage.

[0012] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle comprising the intelligent power distribution box according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0013] According to the intelligent power distribution box of the present disclosure, a reverse connection protection circuit is arranged between a power supply input interface and a system power supply, a power supply ground of a vehicle-end power supply module serves as a primary ground, the vehicle-end power supply module can be a storage battery or a DCDC vehicle-mounted power supply, the primary ground is used for surge voltage protection discharge of the power supply input interface, a system ground of a system power supply module serves as a secondary (reference) ground, when the power supply input interface is reversely connected or has a negative voltage input, the reverse connection protection circuit can effectively cut off a current path, thereby achieving an effect of not damaging a load in a rear stage of an output end of the intelligent power distribution box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 The circuit principle block diagram of the intelligent power distribution box of the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, and are not used to limit the present disclosure, and the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0017] As Figure 1 shown, the present disclosure provides an intelligent power distribution box of a preferred embodiment, which comprises a power input interface, an anti-reverse connection protection circuit, a system power module, a control module and a load switch module; the power input interface is used to connect a vehicle end power supply module (12V storage battery BAT or 12V DCDC vehicle-mounted power supply), the power input interface is connected with the anti-reverse connection protection circuit, the system power module takes power through the anti-reverse connection protection circuit, the system power module is electrically connected with the control module, the control module is electrically connected with the load switch module, and the control module controls the power supply to each load loop connected to the output end of the load switch module.

[0018] Specifically, the anti-reverse connection protection circuit comprises a first MOS tube Q1, a voltage stabilizing diode ZD1, a second resistor R2 and a third resistor R3, the drain electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected with the power supply ground of the vehicle end power supply module, the gate electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected with the system ground of the system power module through the third resistor R3, and is connected with the power input end of the system power module through the second resistor R2, the voltage stabilizing diode ZD1 is connected between the gate electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 and the system ground, and the source electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected with the system ground.

[0019] Therefore, when the power input interface is reversed or has negative voltage input, the first MOS tube Q1 can effectively cut off the current path, thereby achieving the effect of not damaging the output end of the intelligent power distribution box.

[0020] More specifically, the reverse connection protection circuit further comprises a common mode inductor L2, a first resistor R1 and a first diode pair D1, the first resistor R1 and the first diode pair D1 are connected in series, and then connected between a first input end and a second input end of the common mode inductor L2, the first input end is used for connecting a positive electrode of the vehicle-side power supply module, the second input end is connected to a power supply ground, a first output end of the common mode inductor L2 is connected to the power supply input end, and a second output end of the common mode inductor L2 is connected to a drain electrode of a first MOS tube Q1. Preferably, the first diode pair D1 comprises a Schottky diode and a low-impedance current-limiting diode connected in series.

[0021] Thus, the Schottky diode and the low-impedance current-limiting diode connected in series can effectively protect against large-power input surges and small-power input ESD (electrostatic discharge). The common mode inductor L2 can effectively suppress common mode input and system output interference signals.

[0022] In some embodiments, the intelligent power distribution box further comprises a Π-type filter circuit connected between the reverse connection protection circuit and the system power supply module.

[0023] Specifically, the Π-type filter circuit comprises a differential mode inductor L1, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are connected in parallel across the differential mode inductor L1, an input end of the differential mode inductor L1 is connected to the first output end of the common mode inductor L2, and an output end of the differential mode inductor L1 is connected to a power supply input end of the system power supply module.

[0024] Thus, the bidirectional Π-type filter circuit composed of LC effectively cuts off and suppresses input and system output interference.

[0025] In some embodiments, the load switch module comprises a driving module, a second MOS tube Q2 and a third MOS tube Q3, an output end of the control module is connected to an input end of the driving module, output ends of the driving module are respectively connected to gate electrodes of the second MOS tube Q2 and the third MOS tube Q3, a drain electrode of the second MOS tube Q2 is connected to a drain electrode of the third MOS tube Q3, a source electrode of the second MOS tube Q2 is used for connecting a positive electrode of the vehicle-side power supply module, and a source electrode of the third MOS tube Q3 is used for connecting each load circuit in the subsequent stage.

[0026] Thus, when the reverse connection occurs at the power supply input interface, the input current is cut off, the system power supply module cannot supply power to the control module, and the control module cannot control the driving module to turn on the second MOS tube Q2 and the third MOS tube Q3, so the second MOS tube Q2 and the third MOS tube Q3 are in the cut-off state, and thus, in the case of reverse connection at the input end, the subsequent stage load will not be damaged.

[0027] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle comprising the intelligent power distribution box according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0028] According to the intelligent power distribution box and the vehicle of the present disclosure, the anti-reverse connection protection circuit is arranged between the power input interface and the system power supply, the power ground of the vehicle-side power supply module is used as the primary ground, the primary ground is used for surge voltage protection discharge of the power input interface, the system ground of the system power supply module is used as the secondary (reference) ground, when the power input interface is reversely connected or has negative voltage input, the anti-reverse connection protection circuit can effectively cut off the current path, thereby achieving the effect of not damaging the output end of the intelligent power distribution box.

[0029] Although the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, those skilled in the art can make further changes and modifications to the embodiments once they know the basic inventive concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0030] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present disclosure fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalent technologies, the present disclosure also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0031] It should also be understood that, in the embodiments herein, the term "and / or" is only to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of both. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of each example have been described in the above description in general terms. Whether the functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this paper.

[0033] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process of the system, device and unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0034] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, i.e. may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

[0035] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment herein can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0036] The principles and implementation modes of the present application are described herein by using specific embodiments, and the above embodiment descriptions are only used to help understand the method and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation modes and application ranges will be changed, and the above description should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A smart power distribution box, characterized in that, It includes a power input interface, a reverse connection protection circuit, a system power module, a control module, and a load switch module. The power input interface is used to connect to the vehicle-end power supply module. The power input interface is connected to the reverse connection protection circuit. The system power module draws power through the reverse connection protection circuit. The system power module is electrically connected to the control module. The control module is electrically connected to the load switch module. The control module controls the power supply to each load circuit connected to the output terminal of the load switch module.

2. The intelligent power distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse connection protection circuit includes a first MOSFET, a Zener diode, a second resistor, and a third resistor. The drain of the first MOSFET is connected to the power ground of the vehicle-end power supply module. The gate of the first MOSFET is connected to the system ground of the system power supply module through the third resistor and to the power input terminal of the system power supply module through the second resistor. The Zener diode is connected between the gate of the first MOSFET and the system ground, and the source of the first MOSFET is connected to the system ground.

3. The intelligent power distribution box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reverse connection protection circuit further includes a common-mode inductor, a first resistor, and a first diode pair. The first resistor and the first diode pair are connected in series between the first input terminal and the second input terminal of the common-mode inductor. The first input terminal is used to connect to the positive terminal of the vehicle-end power supply module, the second input terminal is connected to the power ground, the first output terminal of the common-mode inductor is connected to the power input terminal, and the second output terminal of the common-mode inductor is connected to the drain of the first MOSFET.

4. The intelligent power distribution box according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first diode pair includes a Schottky diode and a low-impedance current-limiting diode connected in series.

5. The intelligent power distribution box according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a Π-type filter circuit, which is connected between the reverse connection protection circuit and the system power module.

6. The intelligent power distribution box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The Π-type filter circuit includes a differential-mode inductor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor. The first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel across the two ends of the differential-mode inductor. The input terminal of the differential-mode inductor is connected to the first output terminal of the common-mode inductor, and the output terminal of the differential-mode inductor is connected to the power input terminal.

7. The intelligent power distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load switching module includes a driving module, a second MOSFET, and a third MOSFET. The output terminal of the control module is connected to the input terminal of the driving module. The output terminal of the driving module is connected to the gates of the second MOSFET and the third MOSFET, respectively. The drain of the second MOSFET is connected to the drain of the third MOSFET. The source of the second MOSFET is used to connect to the positive terminal of the vehicle-end power supply module. The source of the third MOSFET is used to connect to each load circuit in the subsequent stage.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the smart power distribution box according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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