Laser radar scanning system based on super lens
By utilizing a superlens-based lidar scanning system with a metasurface of nanopillar structure and a displacement device, the problems of large size and high cost of existing lidar are solved, achieving lightweight and ultra-wide-angle scanning, and simplifying the system structure.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520454303.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-19
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing lidar relies on mechanical structures for rotation or scanning, resulting in large size, high cost, and limited stability and lifespan.
A lidar scanning system based on a superlens is adopted, which uses the first and second metasurfaces to modulate the beam through a nanopillar structure and achieves angle scanning through a displacement device, including rotation, flipping and translation, and combines it with a control circuit for precise synchronous control.
This achieves lightweighting of the lidar, reducing its size and cost, and enables ultra-wide-angle scanning (>160°), simplifying system complexity.
Smart Images
Figure CN223692526U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of laser radar, and particularly relates to a laser radar scanning system based on a superlens. BACKGROUND
[0002] Laser radar has a wide range of applications in military and civilian fields. Laser radar has become a standard configuration of high-end new energy vehicles, and can effectively detect the surrounding environment of the device, so as to predict sudden events in the surrounding environment in advance, and make the driving safety of the vehicle more secure.
[0003] At present, the implementation of laser radar still depends on the rotation or scanning of mechanical structure, so there are problems of large volume, high cost, limited stability and service life, etc. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
[0004] The present application provides a laser radar scanning system based on a superlens to at least solve the above technical problems in the prior art.
[0005] The present application provides a laser radar scanning system based on a superlens, which comprises a light source, a first super surface and a second super surface in sequence along the direction of light propagation. The laser beam emitted by the light source is vertically irradiated to the first super surface. The first super surface is fixedly installed on a first displacement device. The second super surface is fixedly installed on a second displacement device. The first displacement device drives the first super surface to realize displacement. The second displacement device drives the second super surface to realize displacement.
[0006] In an implementable manner, the displacement is one of rotation, inversion and translation.
[0007] In an implementable manner, the first displacement device drives the first super surface to rotate at high speed along a predetermined direction, so as to control the laser light source to hit different areas of the first super surface, and realize angle scanning in one-dimensional direction.
[0008] In an implementable manner, the first super surface comprises a substrate layer, a structure layer and a filling layer. The structure layer is a nano-pillar structure, the height of which is 300-1000 nm, and the arrangement period of the nano-pillar is 300-500 nm.
[0009] In an implementable manner, the phase arrangement formula of the nano-pillar is as follows:
[0010]
[0011] Wherein, φ(x, y) represents the phase value at different positions on the first super surface, (x, y) represents the position coordinates on the first super surface, M represents the number of partitions of the first super surface, m represents the partition number, a represents the tilt coefficient, λ is the wavelength of the incident light source, (x m0 , ym0 (x m ,y m ) represents the coordinates of the middle position of the mth region of the first super surface.
[0012] In an implementation, the laser beam emitted by the light source forms a circular spot with a diameter of R after passing through the first super surface, and the diameter of any subregion of the first super surface is greater than 1.2R.
[0013] In an implementation, the second displacement device drives the second super surface to move at a high speed along a predetermined direction in a reciprocating manner, so as to control the laser beam emitted by the first super surface to impinge on different regions of the second super surface, and realize angle scanning in a direction orthogonal to the first super surface.
[0014] In an implementation, the second super surface comprises a substrate layer, a structure layer, and a filling layer, the structure layer is a nano-pillar structure, the height of the nano-pillar structure is 300nm-1000nm, and the arrangement period of the nano-pillar structure is 300-500nm.
[0015] In an implementation, the phase arrangement formula of the nano-pillar is as follows:
[0016]
[0017] wherein φ(x,y) represents the phase value at different positions on the second super surface, (x,y) represents the position coordinates on the first super surface, N represents the number of subregions of the second super surface, n represents the mth subregion, b represents a tilt coefficient, λ is the wavelength of the incident light source, (x n0 ,y n0 ) represents the coordinates of the middle position of the nth region of the first super surface, (x n ,y n ) represents the coordinates of the nth region of the second super surface.
[0018] In an implementation, the laser beam emitted by the light source forms a circular spot with a diameter of R after passing through the first super surface and impinging on the second super surface, and the diameter of any subregion of the second super surface is greater than 1.2R.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:
[0020] The present application adopts a light-weight super surface to reduce the volume and cost of the laser radar, and reduce the complexity of the system. The introduction of the super surface can realize super-wide-angle scanning (>160°). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of a laser radar scanning system in the vertical direction as the y-axis in an embodiment of the present application.
[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the laser radar scanning system in the vertical direction as the x-axis in the embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the first metasurface in the embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the second metasurface in the embodiment of the present application;
[0025] 1, light source; 2, first metasurface; 21, base layer; 22, structure layer; 23, filling layer; 3, second metasurface; 31, base layer; 32, structure layer; 33, filling layer; 4, first displacement device; 41, rotating fixed shaft; 5, second displacement device; 51, connecting part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0028] As Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the laser radar scanning system when the vertical direction is the y-axis and the horizontal direction is the z-axis, the horizontal direction represents the propagation direction of the light. The laser radar scanning system includes, in order along the propagation direction of the light, a light source 1, a first metasurface 2 and a second metasurface 3, the laser beam emitted by the light source 1 is vertically irradiated to the first metasurface 2, and the deflected and modulated light beam after passing through the first metasurface 2 is irradiated to the second metasurface 3. The light source 1 uses a collimated infrared laser light source, and the commonly used wavelength is 940nm-1550nm, and the laser beam emitted thereby is vertically irradiated to the first metasurface 2 to present a circular spot with a diameter of R.
[0029] In order to realize the displacement function of the first metasurface 2 and the second metasurface 3, the present embodiment provides a first displacement device 4 and a second displacement device 5. The first metasurface 2 is fixedly installed on the first displacement device 4, and the second metasurface 3 is fixedly installed on the second displacement device 5. The displacement mode includes but is not limited to rotation, inversion and translation. The first displacement device 4 and the second displacement device 5 are strictly controlled by a control circuit according to pre-set synchronization data to ensure the normal operation of the laser radar scanning.
[0030] In an implementation, the first displacement device 4 controls the first metasurface 2 to rotate, and the second displacement device 5 controls the first metasurface 3 to translate.
[0031] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the first displacement device 4 drives the first metasurface 2 to rotate at a high speed along a predetermined direction, so as to control the laser light source 1 to irradiate different regions of the first metasurface 2, and realize angle scanning in one-dimensional direction. The second displacement device 5 drives the second metasurface 3 to move back and forth at a high speed along a predetermined direction, so as to control the first metasurface 2 to irradiate different regions of the second metasurface 3, and realize angle scanning in a direction perpendicular to the first metasurface 2.
[0032] The arrangement mode of the first metasurface 2 is as shown in Figure 3 , which is fixedly connected with the first displacement device 4 through a rotating fixed shaft 41. The first metasurface 2 includes a substrate layer 21, a structure layer 22 and a filling layer 23. The structure layer 22 is a nano-pillar structure, the height of which is 300nm-1000nm, and the arrangement period of the nano-pillar is selectable between 300-500nm. The arrangement of the nano-pillar produces a special phase arrangement, the expression of which is:
[0033] wherein φ(x, y) represents the phase value at different positions on the first metasurface, (x, y) represents the position coordinates on the first metasurface, M represents the number of partitions of the first metasurface, the diameter of each partition is greater than 1.2R, m represents the partition number, a represents the tilt coefficient, the greater the value of a, the greater the deflection angle θ x of the light irradiated to the region, and λ is the wavelength of the incident light source, (x m0 , y m0 ) represents the coordinates of the middle position of the mth region of the first metasurface, and (x m , y m ) represents the coordinate position in the mth region of the first metasurface.
[0034] The light beam modulated by the first metasurface 2 will irradiate onto the second metasurface 3, and the function of the second metasurface 3 is to make the light beam realize scanning in the y-axis direction. The second metasurface 3 is fixed on the second displacement device 5. The second displacement device 5 can drive the second metasurface 3 to move back and forth in the y-axis direction.
[0035] The arrangement mode of the second metasurface 3 is as shown in Figure 4As shown, it is fixedly connected with the second displacement device 5 through the linking part 51. The second metasurface 3 comprises a substrate layer 31, a structure layer 32 and a filling layer 33, the structure layer 32 is a nano-pillar structure, the height of which is 300nm-1000nm, and the arrangement period of the nano-pillar is optional between 300-500nm. The arrangement of the nano-pillar will produce a special phase arrangement, the expression of which is:
[0036] Wherein φ(x,y) represents the phase value at different positions on the second metasurface, (x,y) represents the position coordinates on the first metasurface, N represents the number of partitions of the second metasurface, the size of each partition is greater than 1.2R, n represents the number of the partition, b represents the tilt coefficient, the greater the value of b, the greater the scanning angle θ y of the y-axis, λ is the wavelength of the incident light source, y n0 represents the coordinate of the middle position of the nth region of the first metasurface, y n represents the coordinate position within the nth region of the second metasurface.
[0037] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present disclosure, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A ladar scanning system based on a superlens, characterized by: The light source, the first super surface and the second super surface are sequentially arranged along the direction of light propagation, the laser beam emitted by the light source is vertically irradiated to the first super surface, the first super surface is fixedly installed on the first displacement device, the second super surface is fixedly installed on the second displacement device, the first displacement device drives the first super surface to realize displacement, and the second displacement device drives the second super surface to realize displacement.
2. The superlens-based lidar scanning system of claim 1, wherein: The displacement is one of rotation, overturning and translation.
3. The superlens-based lidar scanning system of claim 2, wherein, The first displacement device drives the first super surface to rotate at a high speed along a predetermined direction, so that the laser light source is controlled to be incident on different regions of the first super surface, and one-dimensional angle scanning is realized.
4. The superlens-based lidar scanning system of claim 3, wherein, The first super surface comprises a substrate layer, a structure layer and a filling layer, the structure layer is a nano column structure, the height of the nano column structure is 300-1000 nm, and the arrangement period of the nano column is 300-500 nm.
5. The superlens-based lidar scanning system of claim 4, wherein, The phase arrangement formula of the nano column is as follows: Where φ(x,y) represents the phase value at different positions on the first metasurface, (x,y) represents the position coordinates on the first metasurface, M represents the number of partitions on the first metasurface, m represents the partition number, a represents the tilt coefficient, and λ is the wavelength of the incident light source. m0 y m0 (x) represents the coordinates of the middle position of the m-th region of the first metasurface. m y m ) represents the coordinate position in the m-th region of the first metasurface.
6. The superlens-based lidar scanning system of claim 5, wherein: The laser beam emitted by the light source forms a circular spot with a diameter of R on the first super surface after being irradiated to the first super surface, and the diameter of any subregion in the first super surface is greater than 1.2R.
7. The superlens-based lidar scanning system of claim 2 or 3, wherein: The second displacement device drives the second super surface to reciprocatingly move at a high speed along a predetermined direction, so that the laser light source is controlled to be incident on different regions of the second super surface, and angle scanning in a direction perpendicular to the first super surface is realized.
8. The superlens-based lidar scanning system of claim 7, wherein: The second super surface comprises a substrate layer, a structure layer and a filling layer, the structure layer is a nano column structure, the height of the nano column structure is 300-1000 nm, and the arrangement period of the nano column is 300-500 nm.
9. The superlens-based lidar scanning system of claim 8, wherein, The phase arrangement formula of the nano column is as follows: Where φ(x,y) represents the phase value at different positions on the second metasurface, (x,y) represents the position coordinates on the first metasurface, N represents the number of partitions on the second metasurface, n represents the partition number, b represents the tilt coefficient, and λ is the wavelength of the incident light source. n0 y n0 (x) represents the coordinates of the middle position of the nth region of the first metasurface. n y n ) represents the coordinate position in the nth region of the second metasurface.
10. The superlens-based lidar scanning system of claim 9, wherein: The laser beam emitted by the light source forms a circular spot with a diameter of R on the second super surface after being irradiated to the second super surface through the first super surface, and the diameter of any subregion in the second super surface is greater than 1.2R.