Simple harmonic motion inherent period experiment device
By designing a simple harmonic motion experimental device with support, connection, elastic reset, and detection mechanisms, and using photoelectric sensors to record time, the problem of large human timing errors was solved, and the accuracy and convenience of experimental results were achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423258167.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-27
AI Technical Summary
In existing simple harmonic motion experimental setups, errors caused by human timing are relatively large, affecting the accuracy and standardization of experimental results.
An experimental device was designed, comprising a support mechanism, a connecting mechanism, an elastic reset mechanism, and a detection mechanism. A photoelectric sensor was used to record the time it took for the steel ball to reach the scale line, and the results were displayed through a controller and a display screen, reducing human timing errors and plotting accurate displacement-time curves.
It effectively reduces human timing errors, records time more accurately, draws more precise images, produces better experimental results, accurately records values of inherent periods, and is more convenient to use.
Smart Images
Figure CN223712323U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to simple harmonic motion technical field, concretely relates to a simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Vibration is one of the common motion forms in life, and simple harmonic motion is the most basic vibration.
[0003] Resonance is one of the factors that need to be considered in engineering technology, and resonance phenomenon is closely related to the inherent period of the object doing simple harmonic motion. Simple harmonic motion is also one of the key knowledge in high school physics, and understanding the law of simple harmonic motion is of great significance for further learning mechanical wave, alternating current and electromagnetic wave.
[0004] In the process of physics teaching, some existing simple harmonic motion experimental devices usually use recorded sand particles or liquid curves left on the moving paper tape to analyze the sand particles or liquid doing simple harmonic motion according to the curves. The movement of the paper tape only simulates the elapse of time, but does not accurately reflect the vibration period of the vibrating object. At the same time, the use of stopwatch by human being to record time inevitably causes errors in the demonstration process, which directly affects the formation of the image not enough standard, and the experimental effect is poor. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0005] (I) The utility model provides a simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device, which alleviates the technical problem that the image formed finally is not enough standard caused by artificial timing in the prior art, resulting in poor experimental effect.
[0006] (II) Technical scheme
[0007] In order to solve the above technical problem, the embodiment of the utility model provides a simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device, which comprises a supporting mechanism, a connecting mechanism, an elastic reset mechanism and a detection mechanism.
[0008] The supporting mechanism is arranged on a fixed surface, the connecting mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting mechanism, one end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the supporting mechanism, and the other end of the connecting mechanism is connected with one end of the elastic reset mechanism, and the end of the elastic reset mechanism away from the connecting mechanism is connected with a steel ball 100.
[0009] The upper surface of the supporting mechanism is provided with a scale line, and the detection mechanism is used for detecting the time when the steel ball 100 reaches the corresponding scale.
[0010] Further, the detection mechanism comprises a controller and a plurality of detection assemblies, the plurality of detection assemblies are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the scale line, and the detection assemblies are electrically connected with the controller.
[0011] Further, the detection mechanism further comprises a display screen 200, each group of the detection components comprises two photoelectric sensors 201, the two photoelectric sensors 201 are oppositely arranged along the width direction of the support mechanism, the display screen 200 is arranged on the side wall of the support mechanism, and the photoelectric sensor 201 and the display screen 200 are electrically connected with the controller respectively.
[0012] Further, the support mechanism comprises a base 300 and a support 301, the base 300 is arranged on a fixed surface, the display screen 200 is arranged on the side wall of the base 300, and the support 301 is arranged on the upper surface of the base 300, and the support 301 is used for supporting the connecting mechanism and the steel ball 100.
[0013] Further, the connecting mechanism comprises a column 400, the column 400 is mounted on the upper surface of the base 300 and located on one side of the length direction of the support 301, and the side wall of the column 400 is connected with the end of the elastic reset mechanism.
[0014] Further, a first connecting groove 401 is arranged on the bottom wall of the column 400, the first connecting groove 401 extends along the length direction of the base 300, a fixing piece 402 sequentially passes through the first connecting groove 401 and the base 300, so that the column 400 is fixed to the base 300, and the fixing piece 402 can move along the extension direction of the first connecting groove 401.
[0015] Further, a second connecting groove 403 is arranged on the side wall of the column 400, the second connecting groove 403 extends along the height direction of the column 400, a fixing block 404 is arranged in the second connecting groove 403 and can move along the extension direction of the second connecting groove 403, and one side of the fixing block 404 away from the column 400 is connected with the end of the elastic reset mechanism.
[0016] Further, the elastic reset mechanism comprises a spring 500, a U-shaped groove 302 is arranged on the side wall of the support 301, one end of the spring 500 is connected with one side of the fixing block 404 away from the column 400, and the other end of the spring 500 is connected with the steel ball 100 after passing through the U-shaped groove 302.
[0017] Further, the support mechanism further comprises a guide rail 303, two ends of the guide rail 303 are connected with the side walls of the support 301 respectively, and the guide rail 303 is used for supporting the spring 500 and the steel ball 100.
[0018] Further, the guide rail 303 is provided with two, and the two guide rails 303 are symmetrically mounted on the support 301 along the length direction of the base 300.
[0019] The utility model discloses a beneficial effect:
[0020] The utility model provides a simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device, including support mechanism, connecting mechanism, elastic reset mechanism and detection mechanism, through placing the support mechanism on the fixed surface, through the connecting mechanism of the upper surface of support mechanism one end fixed after elastic reset mechanism, the other end of elastic reset mechanism is used for connecting the steel ball 100, and through the elastic reset mechanism drives the displacement of steel ball 100, the time that steel ball 100 reaches the support mechanism upper surface scale line corresponding position is measured through detection mechanism, and according to corresponding scale and time draw displacement-time curve, can effectively less the error caused by artificial timing, the time recorded is more accurate, and the image drawn is also more accurate, so that the experimental result is better, and the inherent period numerical value of steel ball 100 can also be recorded according to the scale line, and it is more convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiment of the utility model or the technical scheme in the prior art, the following will be briefly introduced the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiment or the prior art description, obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.
[0022] Figure 1 The structure diagram of a simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device provided by the utility model embodiment is shown;
[0023] Figure 2 The top view of a simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device provided by the utility model embodiment is shown;
[0024] Figure 3 The side view of a simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device provided by the utility model embodiment is shown.
[0025] Icon:
[0026] 100-steel ball;
[0027] 200-display screen;201-optoelectronic sensor;
[0028] 300-base;301-bracket;302-U groove;303-guide rail;
[0029] 400-column;401-first connecting groove;402-fixing part;403-second connecting groove;404-fixing block;
[0030] 500-spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.
[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the positions or location relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower" and the like are based on the positions or location relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the devices or elements indicated to have a specific position, to be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "communication" and "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly communicated, or it can be indirectly communicated through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.
[0034] As shown in Figures 1 to 3 The present application provides a simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device, which comprises a supporting mechanism, a connecting mechanism, an elastic reset mechanism and a detection mechanism. The supporting mechanism is arranged on a fixed surface, the connecting mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting mechanism, one end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the supporting mechanism, and the other end of the connecting mechanism is connected with one end of the elastic reset mechanism. The end of the elastic reset mechanism away from the connecting mechanism is connected with a steel ball 100. The upper surface of the supporting mechanism is provided with a scale line, and the detection mechanism is used for detecting the time when the steel ball 100 reaches the corresponding scale.
[0035] In the embodiment, the simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device comprises a supporting mechanism, a connecting mechanism, an elastic reset mechanism and a detection mechanism, the supporting mechanism is placed on a fixed surface, one end of the elastic reset mechanism is fixed through the connecting mechanism arranged on the upper surface of the supporting mechanism, the other end of the elastic reset mechanism is used for connecting the steel ball 100, the steel ball 100 is driven to displace through the elastic reset mechanism, the time used for the steel ball 100 to reach the position corresponding to the scale line on the upper surface of the supporting mechanism is measured through the detection mechanism, and the displacement-time curve is drawn according to the corresponding scale and time, so that the error caused by manual timing can be effectively reduced, the recorded time is more accurate, the drawn image is more accurate, the experimental result is better, and the value of the inherent period of the steel ball 100 can be recorded according to the scale line, and the device is more convenient to use.
[0036] According to one embodiment provided by the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the detection mechanism comprises a controller and a plurality of detection assemblies, the plurality of detection assemblies are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the scale line, and the detection assemblies are electrically connected with the controller.
[0037] In the embodiment, the detection mechanism comprises a controller and a plurality of detection assemblies, the controller is arranged in the supporting mechanism, the plurality of detection assemblies are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the scale line arranged on the supporting mechanism, the time of the steel ball 100 reaching the position corresponding to the scale line is recorded through the detection assemblies, and an electric signal is generated and transmitted to the controller for processing.
[0038] Further, the detection mechanism further comprises a display screen 200, each detection assembly comprises two photoelectric sensors 201, the two photoelectric sensors 201 are arranged opposite along the width direction of the supporting mechanism, the display screen 200 is arranged on the side wall of the supporting mechanism, and the photoelectric sensors 201 and the display screen 200 are electrically connected with the controller respectively.
[0039] In the embodiment, the detection mechanism further comprises a display screen 200, each detection assembly comprises two photoelectric sensors 201, wherein, preferably, the two photoelectric sensors 201 of each detection assembly are arranged opposite along the width direction of the supporting mechanism, in use, the students can change the pull-apart position of the steel ball 100, drive through the elastic reset mechanism, and perform multiple tests, the time of the steel ball 100 reaching the position corresponding to the scale line is recorded through the photoelectric sensors 201, an electric signal is generated by the photoelectric sensors 201 and transmitted to the controller, the corresponding time is displayed on the display screen 200 after analysis and processing of the controller, and the displacement-time curve can be drawn by the students through the position of the scale line and the time of the steel ball 100 reaching the position, the curve is a sine curve, it is proved that the steel ball 100 moves in simple harmonic motion, the time recorded through the photoelectric sensors 201 is more accurate, the drawn image is more accurate, and the experimental effect can be effectively improved.
[0040] The photoelectric sensor 201 is used to record time, so that the measurement error caused by the stopwatch timing can be reduced, and the vibration period of the steel ball 100 can be recorded more accurately.
[0041] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the support mechanism includes a base 300 and a support 301, the base 300 is arranged on the fixed surface, the display screen 200 is arranged on the side wall of the base 300, and the support 301 is arranged on the upper surface of the base 300, and the support 301 is used to support the connecting mechanism and the steel ball 100.
[0042] In this embodiment, the support mechanism includes a base 300 and a support 301, after the base 300 is placed on the fixed surface during the experiment, the display screen 200 is directly arranged on the side wall in the length direction of the base 300, which can facilitate students to observe the time recorded by the photoelectric sensor 201 displayed on the display screen 200, and the support 301 is also installed on the upper surface of the base 300, which can support the connecting mechanism and the steel ball 100, so as to facilitate the experiment.
[0043] Preferably, the scale line is arranged on the outer top wall of the base 300 for observation, the scale line is between -10cm and 10cm, and a set of detection components are arranged at the positions of the scale lines corresponding to -10, -8, -6, -4, -2, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 respectively, so as to detect the time when the steel ball 100 hits the position, and facilitate students to draw the displacement-time curve.
[0044] A power supply is also arranged in the base 300, and the power supply is electrically connected with the controller, the display screen 200 and the detection mechanism, and the power supply is used to provide power support for the entire experimental device, and the power-on key and the power-off key can be arranged on the base 300, so as to ensure the service life of the power supply.
[0045] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the connecting mechanism includes a stand 400, the stand 400 is installed on the upper surface of the base 300 and located on one side in the length direction of the support 301, and the side wall of the stand 400 is connected with the end of the elastic reset mechanism.
[0046] In this embodiment, the connecting mechanism includes a stand 400, the stand 400 is installed on the upper surface of the base 300 and arranged at one end in the length direction of the support 301, so that after the side wall of the stand 400 is connected with one end of the elastic reset mechanism, the end of the elastic reset mechanism connected with the steel ball 100 can pass through the support 301 and be supported by the support 301 without falling off.
[0047] According to one embodiment provided by the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the bottom wall of the stand 400 is provided with a first connecting groove 401, the first connecting groove 401 extends along the length direction of the base 300, the fixing member 402 sequentially passes through the first connecting groove 401 and the base 300 to fix the stand 400 to the base 300, and the fixing member 402 can move along the extension direction of the first connecting groove 401.
[0048] In the embodiment, the first connecting groove 401 is arranged on the bottom wall of the stand 400, the extension direction of the first connecting groove 401 is consistent with the length direction of the base 300, and the fixing member 402 is sequentially fixed by passing through the first connecting groove 401 and the base 300, preferably, the fixing member 402 is a fastening screw, since the fixing member 402 can move along the extension direction of the first connecting groove 401, the elastic return mechanism suitable for different lengths can be adjusted, the position of the stand 400 can be adjusted, and the steel ball 100 can be located at the 0 position of the scale line.
[0049] According to one embodiment provided by the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the side wall of the stand 400 is provided with a second connecting groove 403, the second connecting groove 403 extends along the height direction of the stand 400, the fixing block 404 is arranged in the second connecting groove 403 and can move along the extension direction of the second connecting groove 403, and the side, away from the stand 400, of the fixing block 404 is connected with the end of the elastic return mechanism.
[0050] In the embodiment, the side wall of the stand 400 is provided with the second connecting groove 403, the extension direction of the second connecting groove 403 is consistent with the height direction of the stand 400, the fixing block 404 is arranged in the second connecting groove 403, the fixing block 404 can move along the extension direction of the second connecting groove 403, and the side, away from the stand 400, of the fixing block 404 is connected with the end of the elastic return mechanism, so that the up-down position of the fixing block 404 can be adjusted, the simple harmonic motion inherent period experimental device provided by the embodiment can be suitable for different diameters of the steel ball 100 to perform experiments, and students can compare.
[0051] According to one embodiment provided by the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the elastic return mechanism comprises a spring 500, the side wall of the bracket 301 is provided with a U-shaped groove 302, one end of the spring 500 is connected with the side, away from the stand 400, of the fixing block 404, and the other end of the spring 500 is connected with the steel ball 100 after passing through the U-shaped groove 302.
[0052] In the embodiment, the elastic reset mechanism comprises a spring 500, a U-shaped slot 302 is formed in the side wall of the support 301, the spring 500 passes through the U-shaped slot 302 close to the column 400, and the spring 500 does not contact the side wall of the U-shaped slot 302 and does not affect the experiment.
[0053] Preferably, a hook is arranged on the side of the fixing block 404 away from the column 400, and the spring 500 is directly hung on the hook, in use, the student changes the pulling position of the steel ball 100, and performs multiple tests, and the time recorded by the photoelectric sensor 201 is compared, and it can be found that, for the same set of spring 500 and steel ball 100, the vibration range changes, and the vibration period of the steel ball 100 is very close, so that the student can understand that the period of simple harmonic motion is irrelevant to the amplitude, and the spring 500 with different stiffness coefficients and the steel ball 100 with different masses can be replaced to repeat the above experiment, and it can be found that the period of the steel ball 100 in simple harmonic motion changes, so that the student can master that the period of the steel ball 100 in simple harmonic motion is related to the stiffness coefficient of the spring 500 and the mass of the steel ball 100, thereby enabling the student to master that the period of the steel ball 100 in simple harmonic motion is the natural period.
[0054] According to one embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the support mechanism further comprises a guide rail 303, both ends of the guide rail 303 are connected with the side wall of the support 301 respectively, and the guide rail 303 is used for supporting the spring 500 and the steel ball 100.
[0055] In the embodiment, the support mechanism further comprises a guide rail 303, the end of the guide rail 303 is directly fixed with the side wall of the support 301, so that the spring 500 and the steel ball 100 can be supported by the guide rail 303, and the falling situation does not occur.
[0056] According to one embodiment of the utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , two guide rails 303 are arranged, and the two guide rails 303 are symmetrically installed on the support 301 along the length direction of the base 300.
[0057] In the embodiment, preferably, two guide rails 303 are arranged, and the two guide rails 303 are symmetrically installed on the support 301 along the length direction of the base 300, that is, the ends of the two guide rails 303 are respectively installed on the side wall of the support 301 on both sides of the opening of the U-shaped slot 302, the steel ball 100 can be placed between the two guide rails 303, the spacing between the two guide rails 303 is smaller than the diameter of the steel ball 100, and the horizontal force of the guide rail 303 on the steel ball 100 is zero in the process that the steel ball 100 moves left and right along the guide rail 303, so that the experimental result is not affected.
[0058] The above merely is the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. An experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion, characterized in that, This includes a support mechanism, a connecting mechanism, a flexible reset mechanism, and a testing mechanism; The support mechanism is located on the fixed surface, the connecting mechanism is located on the upper surface of the support mechanism, and one end is connected to the support mechanism, and the other end is connected to one end of the elastic reset mechanism. The end of the elastic reset mechanism away from the connecting mechanism is connected to a steel ball (100). The upper surface of the support mechanism is provided with scale lines, and the detection mechanism is used to detect the time when the steel ball (100) reaches the corresponding scale.
2. The experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection mechanism includes a controller and multiple sets of detection components. The multiple sets of detection components are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the scale line, and the detection components are electrically connected to the controller.
3. The experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection mechanism also includes a display screen (200). Each set of detection components includes two photoelectric sensors (201). The two photoelectric sensors (201) are arranged opposite each other along the width direction of the support mechanism. The display screen (200) is located on the side wall of the support mechanism. The photoelectric sensors (201) and the display screen (200) are electrically connected to the controller.
4. The experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support mechanism includes a base (300) and a bracket (301). The base (300) is disposed on a fixed surface, the display screen (200) is disposed on the side wall of the base (300), and the bracket (301) is disposed on the upper surface of the base (300). The bracket (301) is used to support the connecting mechanism and the steel ball (100).
5. The experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting mechanism includes a column (400) which is mounted on the upper surface of the base (300) and located on one side of the support (301) along its length. The side wall of the column (400) is connected to the end of the elastic reset mechanism.
6. The experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom wall of the column (400) is provided with a first connecting groove (401), which extends along the length direction of the base (300). The fixing member (402) passes through the first connecting groove (401) and the base (300) in sequence to fix the column (400) to the base (300), and the fixing member (402) can move along the extension direction of the first connecting groove (401).
7. The experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side wall of the column (400) is provided with a second connecting groove (403), which extends along the height direction of the column (400). A fixing block (404) is provided in the second connecting groove (403) and can move along the extension direction of the second connecting groove (403). The side of the fixing block (404) facing away from the column (400) is connected to the end of the elastic reset mechanism.
8. The experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion according to claim 7, characterized in that, The elastic reset mechanism includes a spring (500), and a U-shaped groove (302) is provided on the side wall of the bracket (301). One end of the spring (500) is connected to the side of the fixing block (404) away from the column (400), and the other end passes through the U-shaped groove (302) and is connected to the steel ball (100).
9. The experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support mechanism also includes a guide rail (303), the two ends of which are connected to the side wall of the bracket (301) respectively. The guide rail (303) is used to support the spring (500) and the steel ball (100).
10. The experimental apparatus for the natural period of simple harmonic motion according to claim 9, characterized in that, Two guide rails (303) are provided, and the two guide rails (303) are symmetrically installed on the bracket (301) along the length direction of the base (300).