Guiding type double-piston variable damping shock absorber

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, in particular to a guide type double-piston variable damping shock absorber which comprises a shock absorption cylinder and a piston rod, the shock absorption cylinder internally comprises an upper piston and a lower piston which are tightly attached, the outer edge of the upper piston is provided with evenly-distributed grooves, and the center of the upper piston is a perfect circular hollow part; the outer edge of the lower piston is circular, the diameter of the lower piston is smaller than that of the outer edge of the upper piston, and the central part of the lower piston is a rounded square hollow matched with the piston rod in shape and position; the guide flange is arranged on the inner wall of the damping cylinder and meshed with a groove in the outer edge of the upper piston; the upper piston and the lower piston are both provided with symmetrical crescent hollows, and the coincidence area of the hollows is changed through relative rotation of the upper piston and the lower piston when the piston rod moves. The damper is large in damping change range, free of complex parts, low in cost, high in reliability, low in failure risk, easy to miniaturize, small in influence caused by abrasion, linear and controllable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to shock absorber technical field especially is related to a guide formula double piston variable damping shock absorber. BACKGROUND

[0002] The demand of vehicle on shock absorber damping is significantly different under different driving scenes, and the variable damping shock absorber can accurately match these demands by changing the damping characteristics, so as to balance comfort, controllability and safety. When commuting, low damping can quickly dissipate high-frequency low-energy vibration of slight bump, and guarantee the comfort of passengers; when cruising at high speed, medium damping can inhibit the floating feeling of the vehicle body, and guarantee the stability at high speed; when driving on mountain roads / corners, high damping is needed to reduce the shift of the vehicle body gravity center during acceleration / braking / sudden turning, and increase the controllability and tire grip.

[0003] The variable damping shock absorber that has been widely used can be discussed according to whether an electric control system is used: the full mechanical structure includes (but not limited to) multi-cylinder bypass design, inertia valve and pressure sensitive valve, and the electric control system mainly includes magnetorheological fluid and electromagnetic valve. The full mechanical structure can be further divided into two types, one of which provides different damping according to different instantaneous acceleration (inertia valve and pressure sensitive valve), and the other of which provides different damping according to the different positions of the piston in the movement stroke (part of the multi-cylinder / bypass design, and the new type of shock absorber without electromechanical combination). These different forms have a common purpose: changing the resistance generated when the same flow of viscous liquid flows through a small hole, which is "variable damping". Except for the magnetorheological fluid shock absorber that changes the viscosity of the liquid, the above-mentioned types change the cross-sectional area of the small hole in different ways to achieve the purpose.

[0004] Without considering the technology in the laboratory stage, almost all existing variable damping forms have obvious defects: the cost of magnetorheological fluid is high, the magnetic particles in it can cause additional wear to the seal, may precipitate after long-term storage, and are highly sensitive to temperature. The opening range of the electromagnetic valve is limited, the reliability is low, it may be completely locked or opened after long-term use or in extreme working conditions, it is sensitive to part wear, and the failure risk is high. The sensitivity of inertia valve and pressure sensitive valve is not high, most of them can only sense the change of vertical acceleration, the scene application range is narrow, and they cannot be externally adjusted. When adjusting, the whole needs to be disassembled. The multi-cylinder / bypass design has large volume and weight, low integration, complex oil circuit, difficult damping calculation, high design cost, and the connecting pipeline between different damping cylinders may interfere with the coil spring outside the main cylinder, which may need to arrange the spring elsewhere, and the space occupation is large. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a guide formula double piston variable damping shock absorber, which can solve the above technical problems.

[0006] The utility model provides a guide formula double piston variable damping shock absorber, including shock absorber cylinder and piston rod, the shock absorber cylinder includes in:

[0007] The upper piston and the lower piston are closely attached, the outer edge of the upper piston is provided with the recess that uniformly distributes, and the center part is a circle hollow; The outer edge of the lower piston is circular and the diameter is less than the outer edge diameter of the upper piston, and the center part is a fillet square hollow that is mutually shape cooperation with the piston rod;

[0008] The guide flange is arranged on the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder and is engaged with the recess of the outer edge of the upper piston;

[0009] The upper piston and the lower piston are provided with the symmetrical crescent hollow, and the relative rotation of the upper piston and the lower piston changes the overlapping area of the hollow when the piston rod moves.

[0010] Further, the shock absorber cylinder top is equipped with detachable pull ear, the pull ear is integrally formed with the shock absorber cylinder top cover, is closely connected with the shock absorber cylinder main body through self-locking nut and locks the angle.

[0011] Further, the pull ear and the shock absorber cylinder are provided with a graduation mark for judging the relative phase angle of the shock absorber cylinder and the pull ear.

[0012] The self-locking nut is used for locking and fixing the shock absorber cylinder top cover and the shock absorber cylinder main body according to different relative phase angles, and the graduation mark is used for judging the basic relative phase angle between the two pistons in the interior.

[0013] Further, the self-locking nut is controlled by a servo steering engine, and the servo steering engine is connected to a driving computer, and the damping of the shock absorber is changed according to the driving mode or the sensor signal.

[0014] Further, the guide flange of the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder is in one of a spiral line, a straight line or a gradually changing curve.

[0015] Further, the guide flange of the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder is detachable.

[0016] Further, it further includes a floating piston and a spring for pressurizing the floating piston, and the spring is used for eliminating bubbles in damping oil. The shock absorber uses a spring to replace high-pressure gas to pressurize the floating piston, which is used for eliminating bubbles in damping oil and ensuring damping consistency.

[0017] Further, the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder is provided with a PTFE coating, and the surface of the upper piston is provided with a DLC coating to ensure the sealing performance of the piston.

[0018] Further, a suspension coil spring for supporting the weight of the vehicle body and a spring adjusting ring threadedly engaged with the outside of the shock absorber cylinder and movable up and down to change the base compression length of the suspension coil spring are further included.

[0019] Further, a spring holder for fixing the suspension coil spring in cooperation with the spring adjusting ring is further included.

[0020] Advantages:

[0021] The damping range of the utility model is large, the theory has no upper limit, the maximum damping in the demonstration model can be more than 7 times the minimum damping, without complex parts, the utility model has high reliability and low failure risk at low cost, is easy to miniaturize, has small influence caused by wear, is linear and controllable, can conveniently adjust the external damping curve, can be connected by electromechanical combination, has large function expansion space, has small volume and light weight, can be equipped with a twisted tooth spring to realize high integration, has single oil way for calculation in specific application, and has low design cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a whole structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a vertical section view of the shock absorber cylinder in the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the upper piston in the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structure schematic view of the lower piston in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of the upper piston and the lower piston in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic view of the upper piston and the lower piston in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic view of the upper piston and the lower piston in the utility model;

[0030] Reference numerals: 1 - upper piston, 2 - lower piston, 3 - shock tube top cover and pull ear, 4 - self-locking nut, 5 - shock tube, 6 - spring adjustment ring, 7 - suspension coil spring, 8 - shock tube lower cover, 9 - leak-proof sealing assembly, 10 - piston rod, 101 - piston rod head, 11 - spring retainer, 12 - piston rod pull ear, 13 - floating piston, 14 - guide flange, 15 - crescent moon shape, 16 - groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments, obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0033] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited. In addition, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A guided dual-piston variable-damping shock absorber, as shown in Figures 1-7 , includes a shock tube 5 and a piston rod 10, and the shock tube 5 includes:

[0036] The upper piston 1 and the lower piston 2 are closely attached, the outer edge of the upper piston 1 is provided with uniformly distributed grooves 16, and the center part is a circular hollow part; the outer edge of the lower piston 2 is circular and the diameter is smaller than the outer edge diameter of the upper piston 1, and the center part is a circular corner square hollow part matched with the piston rod 10;

[0037] The guide flange 14 is provided on the inner wall of the damping cylinder 5 and is engaged with the grooves 16 of the outer edge of the upper piston 1.

[0038] The upper piston 1 and the lower piston 2 are both provided with symmetrical crescent-shaped hollow parts 15, and the relative rotation of the upper and lower pistons changes the overlapping area of the hollow parts when the piston rod 10 moves.

[0039] The top of the damping cylinder 5 is provided with a detachable pull ear, the pull ear is integrally formed with the damping cylinder top cover (the damping cylinder top cover and the pull ear 3), and the self-locking nut 4 is tightly connected with the damping cylinder 5 body and locked at an angle.

[0040] The pull ear and the damping cylinder are provided with index marks for judging the relative phase angle of the damping cylinder and the pull ear. The self-locking nut is used to lock and fix the damping cylinder top cover and the damping cylinder body at different relative phase angles, and the index mark is used to judge the basic relative phase angle between the two pistons inside.

[0041] The self-locking nut is controlled by a servo steering engine, and the servo steering engine is connected to the driving computer, and the damping of the shock absorber is changed according to the driving mode or the sensor signal. The guide flange on the inner wall of the damping cylinder is in the shape of a spiral line, and the guide flange on the inner wall of the damping cylinder is detachable. In addition, the guide flange on the inner wall of the damping cylinder is not necessarily in the shape of a spiral line, but can also be a straight line, a gradually changing curve, etc. The flange can also be made detachable instead of integrally formed. In addition to using the guide flange to cooperate with the grooves on the edge of the piston, the inner wall of the damping cylinder can also be made into a spiral polygonal column that matches the polygonal piston to achieve similar functions. The function of manually or automatically adjusting the basic phase angle between the two pistons can also be transferred to the phase adjustment between the pull ear at the lower end of the piston rod and the piston rod body.

[0042] It also includes a floating piston 13 and a spring for pressurizing the floating piston 13, the position of the spring is as shown in Figure 2 The spring is used to eliminate bubbles in the damping oil. The shock absorber uses a spring instead of high-pressure gas to pressurize the floating piston, which is used to eliminate bubbles in the damping oil and ensure damping consistency. The inner wall of the damping cylinder is provided with a PTFE coating, and the surface of the upper piston is provided with a DLC coating to ensure the sealing performance of the piston.

[0043] It also includes a suspension coil spring 7 for supporting the weight of the vehicle body and a spring adjusting ring 6 that is threadedly connected with the outside of the damping cylinder 5 and can move up and down to change the basic compression length of the suspension coil spring. It also includes a spring holder 11 that cooperates with the spring adjusting ring 6 to fix the suspension coil spring 7.

[0044] The function realization principle of the shock absorber of the utility model:

[0045] The guiding type double-piston variable-damping shock absorber splits the hole piston of the traditional single-cylinder shock absorber without bypass design into two parts, the upper piston has uniformly distributed grooves on the outer edge, which can be engaged with the guiding flange of the spiral line shape on the inner wall of the damping cylinder, the center part is a circle, which can rotate relative to the piston rod during the axial reciprocating motion of the piston rod; the outer edge of the lower piston is a smaller circle, which does not contact the guiding flange, and the center part is a filleted square which can be mutually positioned with the piston rod, and always keeps relative static with the piston rod during the arbitrary motion of the piston rod. Both of the two pistons have symmetrical crescent hollows, when the piston rod moves axially relative to the damping cylinder in the motion stroke, the two pistons rotate relative to each other, the area of the overlapping part of the hollows changes, and then the damping effect of the shock absorber is changed, and the function of providing different damping according to the different positions of the piston in the motion stroke is linearly realized.

[0046] In order to achieve the goal of adjusting and changing the damping curve in the whole outside without disassembling the internal part containing oil of the shock absorber, the pull ear part at the top of the damping cylinder of the new shock absorber is designed to be detachable: the pull ear is integrally formed with the top cover of the damping cylinder, which is tightly connected with the main body of the damping cylinder through a self-locking nut and is locked at an angle. When manual adjustment of the damping curve is needed, the nut is slightly loosened, the main body of the damping cylinder is rotated to change the relative phase angle of the pull ear, the guiding flange on the inner wall of the damping cylinder will drive the upper piston to rotate synchronously, and then the basic relative phase angle between the two pistons inside is changed, so that the damping curve is moved as a whole, and after adjustment, the nut is tightened again. In order to enable the user to accurately judge the relative phase angle, the pull ear and the damping cylinder can be marked with a graduated mark by laser etching and other methods, so that (under the premise of correct installation of the shock absorber) the basic relative phase angle between the two pistons inside can be directly judged outside.

[0047] It should be noted that, since the stability and consistency of the damping curve largely depend on the real-time stable relative phase angle of the damping cylinder and the piston rod, the two pull ears at the top and bottom of the damping cylinder are theoretically not allowed to make additional rotary motion, for example, the pull ear cannot be directly connected with the fish-eye bearing / joint. In addition, since the loosening of the nut during adjustment will make the space above the floating piston not in a sealed state, a spring needs to be used instead of high-pressure gas to pressurize the floating piston, so as to eliminate the air bubbles in the damping oil and ensure the damping consistency. Finally, due to the complex shape of the upper piston, the piston ring cannot be used, high-precision processing technology is needed, and at the same time, PTFE coating is added to the inner wall of the damping cylinder and DLC coating is added to the surface of the piston to ensure the sealing performance of the piston without jamming.

[0048] Mechanical and electrical combination to realize function expansion:

[0049] In the above-mentioned "external overall adjustment damping curve" part, the self-locking nut and other parts can be changed to be directly controlled by a servo steering engine, which not only can lock the angle at any time, but also can be connected to the driving computer to change the angle and damping according to different driving modes or sensor signals in dynamic driving to meet the needs of most driving scenarios. The servo steering engine technology is mature in industry, and the cost is much lower than other electric control systems and has high stability. When the electric control system fails, there is also a backup of the basic mechanical structure. Although the cost is low, the safety guarantee is not compromised at all.

[0050] Simplified demonstration model:

[0051] Here shows a demonstration model in an ideal state (only shows parts directly related to the principle, does not contain oil, graduation marks and mechatronics expansion content), except for the parts mentioned in the previous part that have been changed, most of the remaining parts are similar to traditional ordinary single-cylinder shock absorbers, including but not limited to:

[0052] Shock absorber top cover and pull ear 3: fix the shock absorber assembly on the shock absorber bracket.

[0053] Self-locking nut 4: lock and fix the shock absorber top cover and the shock absorber body at any different relative phase angle. The self-locking nut fixes the shock absorber top cover integrated with the pull ear at the top end of the shock absorber body through thread pressure, and limits its relative rotation of the shock absorber through friction.

[0054] Shock absorber 5: contains damping oil, allows the piston rod and piston to move in it, and is the main structural part for guiding the upper piston.

[0055] Spring adjusting ring 6: cooperates with the external threads of the shock absorber, and can move up and down to change the basic compression length of the suspension spring.

[0056] Suspension coil spring 7: supports the weight of the vehicle body.

[0057] Shock absorber lower cover 8: auxiliary structural part.

[0058] Leak-proof sealing assembly 9: tightly fixed by skeleton oil seal and other parts to prevent damping oil leakage.

[0059] Piston rod 10: main structural part, its outside can be installed with additional parts such as rubber dust cover and rubber buffer block to increase durability.

[0060] Spring holder 11: cooperates with the spring adjusting ring to fix the suspension spring.

[0061] Piston rod pull ear 12: fixes the shock absorber assembly on the suspension swing arm.

[0062] Floating piston 13: compensates the volume change of damping oil when the piston rod moves and the temperature rises, and cooperates with the spring between the piston and the top cover of the shock absorber to pressurize the damping oil and eliminate the air bubbles in the damping oil, thereby ensuring the damping consistency.

[0063] Upper piston 1: the phase angle is determined by the shock absorber.

[0064] Lower piston 2: the phase angle is determined by the piston rod.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not limited to them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber characterized by, Including shock absorber cylinder and piston rod, the shock absorber cylinder includes: Close upper and lower piston, the outer edge of the upper piston is provided with uniformly distributed grooves, the center part is a circle hollow; The outer edge of the lower piston is circular and the diameter is smaller than the outer edge diameter of the upper piston, and the center part is a fillet square hollow which is mutually shaped with the piston rod; The guide flange is provided on the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder, and is engaged with the groove of the outer edge of the upper piston; The upper and lower pistons are provided with symmetrical crescent hollows, and the overlapping area of the hollows is changed by the relative rotation of the upper and lower pistons when the piston rod moves.

2. A guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that The top of the shock absorber cylinder is provided with a detachable pull ear, the pull ear is integrally formed with the top cover of the shock absorber cylinder, and is tightly connected with the shock absorber cylinder body and locked at an angle through a self-locking nut.

3. A guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that The pull ear and the shock absorber cylinder are provided with index marks for judging the relative phase angle of the shock absorber cylinder and the pull ear.

4. A guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that The self-locking nut is controlled by a servo steering engine, and the servo steering engine is connected to the vehicle computer.

5. The guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber of claim 1 wherein, The shape of the guide flange on the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder is one of spiral line or gradually changing curve.

6. The guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber of claim 1 wherein, The guide flange on the inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder is detachable.

7. A guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a floating piston and a spring for pressurizing the floating piston, which is used to eliminate air bubbles in the damping oil.

8. A guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner wall of the shock absorber cylinder is provided with a PTFE coating, and the surface of the upper piston is provided with a DLC coating.

9. A guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a suspension coil spring for supporting the weight of the vehicle body and a spring adjusting ring which is threadedly connected with the outside of the shock absorber cylinder and can move up and down to change the basic compression length of the suspension coil spring.

10. A guided dual piston variable damping shock absorber according to claim 9, characterized in that It also includes a spring holder which cooperates with the spring adjusting ring to fix the suspension coil spring.

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