Mechanically-driven bistable relay

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of relays, and provides a mechanical drive bistable relay, which comprises a cylinder body, a mechanical drive mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism and a piston, and is characterized in that the mechanical drive mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism and the piston are arranged on the cylinder body; the mechanical driving mechanism drives the piston, the piston is driven by the mechanical driving mechanism to reciprocate in the cylinder body, the opening and closing mechanism is controlled to be communicated, and a circuit is controlled to be switched on and off. The novel bistable relay has the advantages of being small in size, high in electrical bearing capacity, high in electrical isolation capacity, good in communication effect and wide in use temperature range, and the novel bistable relay can be manufactured only through precise casting.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of mechanically-driven bistable relays, especially a kind of bistable relays driven by micro motor, suitable for the electronic equipment needing high electrical connection quality and stable switching state. BACKGROUND

[0002] Relay is the most basic component in electronic and electrical engineering. The current development of relay mainly optimizes the switching number of life, switching frequency, volume and other directions of relay. However, these relays are still insufficient for some special electronic and electrical applications: such as "intelligent wiring harness" products will integrate hundreds of bistable relays for circuit automatic connection. Such applications require bistable relays to have high electrical connection quality, the volume must be small enough, and need electrical isolation, and need to retain the connection state (i.e. bistable) when the device is powered off. But the switching number of life, switching frequency and other requirements are low.

[0003] CN118919363A discloses a thermal bistable relay and its use method, which uses the volume expansion of liquid when it changes into gas to increase the pressure in the cavity, and then drives the piston to move. It uses the pressure generated when the liquid changes phase to switch the connection state of the relay. Finally, it can provide a wiring effect equivalent to wire welding connection, and its volume is smaller than that of conventional relays.

[0004] It is very suitable for applications with low switching frequency but high requirements on volume and electrical connection quality.

[0005] However, the pneumatic method has the disadvantages of difficult part processing, complex process and air leakage of air cylinder.

[0006] Therefore, in view of the above disclosed patents, we have developed a new type of relay that eliminates the need for air-tight components and can be manufactured by precision casting. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0007] To solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the utility model provides a mechanically-driven bistable relay, which realizes fast and accurate circuit switch control by utilizing the characteristics of mechanical driving materials, and a new type of relay that can be manufactured by precision casting.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a mechanically-driven bistable relay, comprising a cylinder body, a mechanical driving mechanism, an opening and closing mechanism and a piston. The mechanical driving mechanism, the opening and closing mechanism and the piston are arranged on the cylinder body. The mechanical driving mechanism drives the piston to reciprocate in the cylinder body, controls the communication of the opening and closing mechanism, and realizes the control of circuit switch.

[0009] The mechanical driving mechanism comprises a motor, a screw rod, a nut, a ball bearing and a guide rod, one end of the screw rod is connected with the motor, the other end is connected with the ball bearing, and the outer periphery is sleeved with the nut; the motor and the ball bearing are fixed on the cylinder body; one end of the nut is connected with the piston and reciprocates on the screw rod.

[0010] The opening and closing mechanism comprises a tab and a heating sheet, the heating sheet is fixed on the cylinder body and contacts with the tab; the tab is filled with solder inside and is sleeved on the piston.

[0011] The motor is a micro-planet stepping motor, one end of the nut is connected with a supporting column, and the supporting column reciprocates in the running space of the cylinder body through the piston.

[0012] The tab comprises a first tab and a second tab, and the piston reciprocates to connect or disconnect the first tab and the second tab; the heating sheet is made of ceramic material, and the heating sheet heats the solder to facilitate the reciprocation of the piston.

[0013] The heating sheet is connected with an electric contact, and the electric contact provides power for the heating of the heating sheet; after the electric contact is disconnected from the power supply, the piston is fixed on the tab through the solder cooling.

[0014] The piston is a copper column piston.

[0015] The tab is connected with a terminal, the terminal is embedded in the tab, and an external circuit is connected.

[0016] The relay adjusts the reciprocation of the piston through a PI control system.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of the following:

[0018] 1. Strong electrical carrying capacity. The relay can adjust the structure shape parameters of the thick, thin, long and short to improve the electrical carrying capacity. When connected, the thicker conductor copper column piston can bear the current, and the contact in the tab is infiltrated with solder, which has strong electrical carrying capacity. Compared with the reed relay, the spring itself is limited by the physical properties of the material and cannot be large and bear large current. Compared with the solid-state relay, the bearing of large current generates a lot of heat, and an additional radiator is not needed to ensure the normal work of the device. Compared with the electromagnetic relay, the contact resistance is high, and the infiltration of solder in the tab makes the resistance very small when connected.

[0019] 2. Strong electrical isolation and bistable. Isolation mainly means that the controlled circuit will not leak to the control circuit. In the utility model, the control circuit is isolated by the cylinder body, and will not leak to the control circuit.

[0020] 3. The relay of this utility model heats the solder inside the electrode with a ceramic heating element, causing the copper piston to reciprocate on the electrode to control the on / off state. After the solder cools down, the copper piston is also fixed on the electrode. This connection effect is equivalent to the wiring effect of wire welding connection, and has excellent vibration resistance.

[0021] 4. Very wide operating temperature range. In excessively cold environments, electromagnetic relays are prone to short circuits or failure to switch on / off due to internal condensation or ice formation. In excessively hot environments above 80 degrees Celsius, electromagnetic relays may demagnetize and fail, and solid-state relays may burn out. This mechanically driven bistable relay can operate normally below the solder melting point of approximately 183 degrees Celsius.

[0022] 5. A new type of relay that can be manufactured using only precision casting. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the relay module of this utility model;

[0024] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder body of this utility model;

[0025] Fig. 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cylinder of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder block; 101. Traveling space; 2. Mechanical drive structure; 201. Motor; 202. Screw; 203. Nut; 204. Guide rod; 205. Ball bearing; 206. Support column; 3. Opening and closing mechanism; 301. First electrode; 302. Second electrode; 303. Heating element; 304. Terminal block; 305. Electrical contact; 4. Piston. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] like Figs. 1-3 As shown, this utility model provides a mechanically driven bistable relay, including a cylinder 1, a mechanical drive mechanism 2, an opening and closing mechanism 3, and a piston 4. The mechanical drive mechanism 2, the opening and closing mechanism 3, and the piston 4 are disposed on the cylinder 1. The mechanical drive mechanism 2 drives the piston 4, causing the piston 4 to reciprocate inside the cylinder. The piston 4 connects or disconnects the opening and closing mechanism 3 to control the circuit switch. The cylinder 1 is preferably made of polyimide (PI) material, which is resistant to high temperature and has strong electrical isolation capability.

[0029] The mechanical driving mechanism 2 comprises a motor 201, a screw rod 202, a nut 203, a ball bearing 205, a guide rod 204, one end of the screw rod 202 is connected to the motor 201, the other end is connected to the ball bearing 205, the outer periphery is sleeved with the nut 203, and the nut 203 is also sleeved on the guide rod 204; the motor 201 and the ball bearing 205 are fixed on the cylinder body 1; one end of the nut 203 is connected to the piston 4, and the piston 4 reciprocates on the screw rod 202 along the guide rod 204. The motor 201 is a miniature planetary stepping motor, one end of the nut 203 is connected to a support column 206, the support column 206 reciprocates in the travel space 101 of the cylinder body 1 through the piston 4; the miniature planetary stepping motor is preferably a motor with an outer diameter of Φ10 mm, a length of 15 mm (including a reduction box), a holding torque of 0.02-0.03 N·m (when the reduction ratio is 5:1), and a step angle of 1.8° (full step). The miniature planetary stepping motor is arranged on one side of the cylinder body, and is isolated from the tab and the heating sheet 303 through the space design of the cylinder body 1.

[0030] The opening and closing mechanism 3 comprises a tab and a heating sheet 303, the heating sheet 303 is fixed on the cylinder body 1 and in contact with the tab; the tab is filled with tin solder and sleeved on the piston 4. The tab comprises a tab one 301 and a tab two 302, the piston 4 reciprocates to communicate or disconnect the tab one 301 and the tab two 302; the heating sheet 303 is made of ceramic material, and the heating sheet 303 heats the tin solder to facilitate the reciprocation of the piston 4; the heating sheet 303 is preferably an aluminum nitride ceramic-based thick film heating sheet, with a power density of 20 W / cm 2 , and a response time shortened to 3 seconds to reach the tin solder melting point.

[0031] The heating sheet 303 is connected to an electrical contact 305, and the electrical contact 305 provides power for heating the heating sheet 303; after the electrical contact 305 is disconnected from the power supply, the piston 4 is fixed on the tab by tin solder cooling.

[0032] The piston 4 is a copper column piston, and the end of the copper column piston is preferably designed by a micro groove array to increase the tin solder contact area and reduce the contact resistance to ≤1 mΩ.

[0033] The tab is connected to a wiring terminal 304, the wiring terminal 304 is embedded in the tab, and an external circuit is connected.

[0034] The relay adjusts the reciprocation of the piston 4 through a PI control system.

[0035] Relay working process and physical mechanism:

[0036] 1. Disconnect process (copper column piston 4 is pushed forward by motor 201), motor 201 drives copper column piston 4 to move forward, copper column piston 4 forces the positive lug 301 to separate from the negative lug 302, and the circuit is disconnected. The solder state during forward movement is heated by the ceramic heating sheet 303 to facilitate the lubrication of the copper column piston 4; after the forward movement is completed, the ceramic heating sheet 303 is not heated, the solder remains solid, and the negative lug 302 is fixed with the copper column piston 4. Forward movement refers to the nut 203 driving the copper column piston 4 away from the motor 201.

[0037] 2. Connection process (copper column piston 4 is pulled back by motor 201), motor 201 drives copper column piston 4 to retreat, positive lug 301 and negative lug 302 are connected by copper column piston 4. The solder state during retreat is heated: the ceramic heating sheet 303 is powered to heat up to the melting point of the solder (such as 183℃), the solder is liquefied, the liquid solder fills the micro gaps between the lug and the piston 4 under the action of capillary force, and provides lubrication effect; after the retreat is completed, the ceramic heating sheet 303 is not heated, the solder remains solid, and the positive lug 301, the negative lug 302 and the copper column piston 4 are fixed. Retreat refers to the nut 203 driving the copper column piston 4 to approach the motor 201.

[0038] After the heating power is turned off, the solder solidifies, rigidly fixing the lug and the piston 4, and eliminating the poor contact caused by mechanical vibration. When the solder is melted, it acts as a liquid lubricant, reducing the frictional resistance between the lug and the piston 4, and avoiding scratching the metal surface

[0039] Solder selection, melting point needs to be lower than the maximum temperature that the ceramic heating sheet 303 can withstand, preferably: Sn63Pb37 (melting point 183℃).

[0040] Heating power control, ensure rapid heating to the melting point of the solder, avoid overheating damage, the power density of the ceramic heating sheet is greater than 5W / cm 2 , less than or equal to 20W / cm 2 .

[0041] Low resistance principle:

[0042] Maximize contact area: solder fills the gap between the lug, the lug and the copper column piston 4 contact surface, so that the effective conductive area is close to 100%. Oxidation inhibition: solder layer isolates air to prevent the formation of metal surface oxide film (such as CuO), reducing contact resistance. Interface alloying: solder and copper column piston 4 form a eutectic alloy layer (such as Cu6Sn5), which improves electrical conductivity.

[0043] It is to be noted that, in the present document, relational terms such as first and second and the like can be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0044] While the embodiments of the present application have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanically actuated bistable relay, characterized in that Including cylinder, mechanical drive mechanism, open and close mechanism, piston, mechanical drive mechanism, open and close mechanism, piston are set on the cylinder;The mechanical drive mechanism drives the piston, reciprocating motion in the cylinder, control open and close mechanism's intercommunication.

2. The mechanically driven bistable relay of claim 1, wherein: The mechanical drive mechanism includes motor, screw rod, nut, ball bearing, guide rod, one end of the screw rod is connected with the motor, the other end is connected with the ball bearing, and the outer periphery is sleeved with the nut;The motor and the ball bearing are fixed on the cylinder;One end of the nut is connected with the piston, and the piston reciprocates on the screw rod.

3. The mechanically actuated bistable relay of claim 1, wherein: The open and close mechanism includes tab and heating sheet, the heating sheet is fixed on the cylinder and contacts with the tab;The inside of the tab is filled with tin solder, and the tab is sleeved on the piston.

4. The mechanically actuated bistable relay of claim 2, wherein: The motor is a micro planet step motor, one end of the nut is connected with the support column, the support column reciprocates in the running space of the cylinder through the piston.

5. The mechanically actuated bistable relay of claim 3, wherein: The tab includes tab one and tab two, the piston reciprocates to connect or disconnect the tab one and the tab two;The heating sheet is made of ceramic material, and the heating sheet heats the tin solder to facilitate the reciprocation of the piston.

6. The mechanically actuated bistable relay of claim 5, wherein: The heating sheet is connected with the electric contact, and the electric contact provides power for the heating of the heating sheet;After the electric contact is disconnected with the power supply, the piston is cooled and fixed on the tab through the tin solder.

7. The mechanically actuated bistable relay of claim 1, wherein: The piston is a copper column piston.

8. The mechanically actuated bistable relay of claim 5, wherein: The tab is connected with the wiring terminal, the wiring terminal is embedded in the tab, and the circuit is connected outside.

9. The mechanically actuated bistable relay according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The relay adjusts the reciprocating motion of the piston through the PI control system.

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