Pressure vessel cover plate and pressure vessel

Abstract

The utility model provides a pressure vessel cover plate and a pressure vessel, and solves the problem that the pressure vessel which has the working pressure of more than 0.1 MPa and less than 2.0 MPa and needs to be quickly opened is not provided with a cover plate with a proper structure at present to be matched with the pressure vessel. The pressure vessel cover plate comprises a cover plate body, at least four sealing devices and one limiting device, fixing plates of the sealing devices are connected with the cover plate body, supporting blocks and rectangular plates of the sealing devices are connected with a tank body of a pressure vessel, and mounting blocks of the limiting device are connected with the cover plate body. A positioning plate of the limiting device is connected with a tank body of the pressure container, and the limiting device is provided with a buffering device. The pressure vessel cover plate is convenient to use, the bolts and the nuts do not need to be disassembled frequently, and the pressure vessel cover plate can be opened only by loosening the nuts to two times of the thickness distance of the nuts without disassembling the nuts. The pressure container provided by the utility model comprises the pressure container cover plate, so that the pressure container is convenient to use and high in safety coefficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pressure vessel technology, specifically to pressure vessel cover plates and corresponding pressure vessels. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the cover plates of pressure vessels in the chemical industry are generally connected to the vessel bodies using flange structures. This structure is not conducive to the replacement of the medium inside the pressure vessel and the maintenance of components, because it requires the disassembly of the flange bolts and nuts, a time-consuming and labor-intensive process that may result in the loss of bolts and nuts. Therefore, the industry has begun to use pressure vessel cover plates with toothed or clamp-type designs. These cover plates improve the operational efficiency of production workers, facilitating timely material replacement and component maintenance within the pressure vessel. However, these pressure vessel cover plates are only suitable for pressure vessels operating at negative, normal, or high pressures. Clamp-type cover plates are generally more commonly used on high-pressure vessels with a diameter of 150mm. Currently, there is no suitable cover plate structure for pressure vessels with operating pressures exceeding 0.1MPa but less than 2.0MPa that require rapid opening. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a pressure vessel cover plate that solves the problem that there is currently no suitable cover plate structure to match pressure vessels with working pressures exceeding 0.1MPa but less than 2.0MPa that need to be opened quickly.

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is also to provide a pressure vessel, which includes the aforementioned pressure vessel cover plate.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a pressure vessel cover plate, used to connect with the tank body of a pressure vessel, including a cover plate body, at least 4 sealing devices and limiting devices, wherein the fixing plate of the sealing device is connected to the cover plate body, the support block and rectangular plate of the sealing device are connected to the tank body of the pressure vessel, the mounting block of the limiting device is connected to the cover plate body, and the positioning plate of the limiting device is connected to the tank body of the pressure vessel.

[0006] The sealing device includes a fixed plate, a support block, a rectangular plate, a sphere, a threaded rod, a nut, a bolt shaft, and a bolt pin. The fixed plate is fixed to the side of the cover plate body, the support block is fixed to the side of the pressure vessel tank, the rectangular plate is fixed to the side of the pressure vessel tank, the bottom of the support block is connected to the rectangular plate, a bolt shaft passes through the side of the rectangular plate, a sphere passes through the circumference of the bolt shaft, and a bolt pin is provided on the other side of the rectangular plate. A threaded rod is fixedly connected to the circumference of the sphere, and the threaded rod passes through the space formed by the fixed plate, the support block, the rectangular plate, and the sphere. A nut is provided on the circumference of the threaded rod near the outer side of the fixed plate.

[0007] The number of fixed plates, support blocks, and rectangular plates is two each, and they are symmetrical to each other along the threaded rod.

[0008] The formulas for calculating the number of sealing devices and the dimensions of the threaded rods are as follows:

[0009] Fa=2ΠDgbmPc,

[0010] Fa is the clamping force of the sealing device, Dg is the diameter of the cover plate body 201, b is the diameter of the fixing block, m is the coefficient of the fixing block, and Pc is the pressure of the pressure vessel.

[0011] F = 0.785(Dg)²Pc, where F is the total axial force caused by the internal pressure.

[0012] Wp = F + Fa, where Wp is the minimum load force required for the threaded rod.

[0013] Ap = Wp / σ, where σ is the allowable stress of the threaded rod material at the design temperature, and Ap is the minimum cross-sectional area required for the threaded rod. The diameter d of the threaded rod is then determined based on this.

[0014] N≥Ap / 0.785d2, where N is the number of sealing devices.

[0015] The limiting device includes a mounting block, a mounting plate, a disc, a support plate, a positioning plate, a limiting plate, a buffer device, and a slide rail. The mounting block is fixedly connected to the side of the cover plate body. The mounting plate is arranged in the middle of the mounting block in a direction perpendicular to the mounting block. The disc is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate. The support plate is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the disc. The positioning plate is fixedly connected to the side of the pressure vessel tank. The limiting plate is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate. The limiting plate is connected to the tank body through the buffer device. The bottom of the limiting plate is slidably connected to the slide rail. One end of the slide rail is fixedly connected to the surface of the tank body.

[0016] The number of mounting blocks and positioning plates is set to two, and they are symmetrical to each other along the vertical central axis of the limiting plate.

[0017] The cross-sectional area of ​​the limiting plate is determined by the weight of the pressure vessel cover, the design opening angle of the pressure vessel cover, and the material of the limiting plate.

[0018] The pressure vessel cover plate has one or more of the following features: a handle, an exhaust valve, and a material viewing window.

[0019] A pressure vessel includes a tank, and the pressure vessel further includes a pressure vessel cover as described above.

[0020] The diameter of the tank is no greater than 1000 mm.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] 1. The pressure vessel cover plate provided by this utility model solves the problem that there is currently no suitable cover plate structure to match pressure vessels with working pressures exceeding 0.1MPa but less than 2.0MPa that require rapid opening. Through the design of the sealing device, the pressure vessel cover plate is easy to use, eliminating the need for frequent disassembly of bolts and nuts. Simply loosen the nuts to a distance twice the nut thickness, and the pressure vessel cover plate can be opened without removing the nuts. This allows for the maintenance of internal parts and the replacement of the medium, reducing the occurrence of lost bolts and nuts, thus reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0023] 2. The pressure vessel cover plate provided by this utility model solves the problem that there is currently no suitable cover plate structure to match pressure vessels with working pressures exceeding 0.1MPa but less than 2.0MPa that need to be opened quickly. Through the design of the limiting device, the pressure vessel cover plate is opened to the designed angle according to the design requirements; through the design of the buffer device, the pressure vessel cover plate is opened slowly to the set angle, reducing local damage to the pressure vessel cover plate.

[0024] 3. The pressure vessel provided by this utility model can be opened without disassembling bolts and nuts by using the pressure vessel cover plate, so as to complete the maintenance of internal parts and the replacement of medium. The pressure vessel is convenient to use and has a high safety factor. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The preferred embodiments will be described below in a clear and easy-to-understand manner, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to further explain the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional external structural diagram of the pressure vessel of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional side view of the sealing device of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3This is a three-dimensional enlarged structural schematic diagram of the sealing device of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional magnified structural diagram of the limiting device of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional appearance structural diagram of the pressure vessel with handle of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional external structural diagram of the pressure vessel with an exhaust valve according to this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional appearance structural diagram of the pressure vessel with a material viewing window according to this utility model.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Tank body; 2. Pressure vessel cover; 201. Cover body; 3. Sealing device; 301. Fixing plate; 302. Support block; 303. Rectangular plate; 304. Sphere; 305. Threaded rod; 306. Nut; 307. Bolt shaft; 308. Bolt pin; 4. Limiting device; 401. Mounting block; 402. Mounting plate; 403. Disc; 404. Support plate; 405. Positioning plate; 406. Limiting plate; 407. Buffer device; 408. Slide rail; 5. Handle; 6. Vent valve; 7. Material viewing window. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the following description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0035] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to the utility model are shown schematically in each drawing; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of the components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "a" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0036] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Example

[0038] Reference Figures 1-4 The first embodiment of this utility model proposes a pressure vessel cover plate for connecting to the tank body 1 of a pressure vessel. It includes a cover plate body 201, at least four sealing devices 3 and one limiting device 4. The fixing plate 301 of the sealing device 3 is connected to the cover plate body 201, the support block 302 and the rectangular plate 303 of the sealing device 3 are connected to the tank body 1 of the pressure vessel, the mounting block 401 of the limiting device 4 is connected to the cover plate body 201, and the positioning plate 405 of the limiting device 4 is connected to the tank body 1 of the pressure vessel.

[0039] The sealing device 3 includes a fixed plate 301, a support block 302, a rectangular plate 303, a ball 304, a threaded rod 305, a nut 306, a bolt shaft 307, and a bolt pin 308. The fixed plate 301 is fixed to the side of the cover plate body 201, the support block 302 is fixed to the side of the tank body 1 of the pressure vessel, the rectangular plate 303 is fixed to the side of the tank body 1 of the pressure vessel, the bottom of the support block 302 is connected to the rectangular plate 303, the bolt shaft 307 passes through the side of the rectangular plate 303, the ball 304 passes through the circumferential surface of the bolt shaft 307, and a bolt pin 308 is provided on the other side of the rectangular plate 303. The threaded rod 305 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the ball 304. The threaded rod 305 passes through the space formed by the fixed plate 301, the support block 302, the rectangular plate 303, and the ball 304. A nut 306 is provided on the circumferential surface of the threaded rod 305 near the outer side of the fixed plate 301.

[0040] There are two of each of the fixed plate 301, support block 302, and rectangular plate 303, which are symmetrical to each other along the threaded rod 305.

[0041] The quantity of sealing devices 3 and the dimensions of threaded rods 305 are calculated using the following formula:

[0042] Fa=2ΠDgbmPc;

[0043] Fa is the clamping force of the sealing device 3, Dg is the diameter of the cover plate body 201, b is the diameter of the fixing plate 301, m is the coefficient of the fixing plate 301, and Pc is the pressure of the pressure vessel.

[0044] F = 0.785Dg2Pc, where F is the total axial force caused by internal pressure;

[0045] Wp = F + Fa, where Wp is the minimum load required for threaded rod 305;

[0046] Ap = Wp / σ, where σ is the allowable stress of the threaded rod 305 material at the design temperature, and Ap is the minimum cross-sectional area required for the threaded rod 305. The diameter d of the threaded rod 305 is determined accordingly.

[0047] N≥Ap / 0.785d2, where N is the number of sealing devices 3;

[0048] Reference Figures 5-7 The pressure vessel cover plate 2 has one or more of the following: handle 5, vent valve 6, and material viewing window 7.

[0049] When it is necessary to open the pressure vessel cover 2, first open the vent valve 6 to release the high-pressure gas until the pressure is released. Then, rotate the loose nut 306 so that the nut 306 rises to a distance twice its own thickness. Then, directly rotate the threaded rod 305 so that the nut 306 moves downward in an arc, thereby rotating the threaded rod 305 and the nut 306 away from the area between the two fixing plates 301. At this time, the nut 306 is no longer connected to the top of the fixing plate 301, so that the pressure vessel cover 2 can be opened more easily. The pressure vessel cover 2 can be opened without completely removing the threaded rod 305 and the nut 306, thereby increasing the opening speed of the pressure vessel cover 2 and realizing a quick disassembly operation. Example

[0050] Reference Figures 1-4 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the limiting device 4 includes a mounting block 401, a mounting plate 402, a disc 403, a support plate 404, a positioning plate 405, a limiting plate 406, a buffer device 407, and a slide rail 408. The mounting block 401 is fixedly connected to the side of the cover plate body 201. The mounting plate 402 is arranged in the middle of the mounting block 401 in a direction perpendicular to the mounting block 401. The disc 403 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting plate 402. The support plate 404 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the disc 403. The positioning plate 405 is fixedly connected to the side of the pressure vessel tank 1. The limiting plate 406 is fixedly connected to the side of the positioning plate 405. The limiting plate 406 is connected to the tank 1 through the buffer device 407. The bottom of the limiting plate 406 is slidably connected to the slide rail 408. One end of the slide rail 408 is fixedly connected to the surface of the tank 1.

[0051] The number of mounting blocks 401 and positioning plates 405 is set to two, and they are symmetrical to each other along the vertical central axis of the limiting plate.

[0052] The cross-sectional area of ​​the limiting plate 406 is determined by the weight of the pressure vessel cover 2, the design opening angle of the pressure vessel cover 2, and the material of the limiting plate 406.

[0053] The diameter of tank 1 is no more than 1000 mm.

[0054] Compared to Embodiment 1, the further steps of operating the device are as follows:

[0055] In this embodiment, it is necessary to determine the limiting plate 406 and the support plate 404. The design and positioning of the limiting plate 406 and the support plate 404 are crucial to the normal operation of the opening structure. The limiting plate 406 not only determines the angle of the quick-opening structure but also bears the upper weight load of the sealing device 3. The upper weight of the sealing device 3 in the equipment is Wg. When the pressure vessel cover 2 fully reaches the required opening angle, the load borne by the limiting plate 406 is the maximum design load, which can be taken as Fa=WgCOSθθ, where θ is the design opening angle of the pressure vessel cover 2. The cross-sectional area of ​​the limiting plate 406 is bδb, where b is the width of the limiting plate 406 and δ is the thickness of the limiting plate 406. The shear stress on the limiting plate 406 is calculated according to the formula σ=Fa / bδ and must satisfy σ≤0.8σt, where σt is the allowable stress of the material used for the limiting plate 406 at room temperature.

[0056] During quick disassembly, the cover body 201 rotates, causing the mounting block 401 to rotate. The mounting block 401 rotates, causing the mounting plate 402 to rotate. The mounting plate 402 rotates the disc 403, which in turn rotates the support plate 404. At this time, the support plate 404 rotates until it contacts the limiting plate 406. The support plate 404 then pushes the limiting plate 406 to move and stretches the buffer device 407. Simultaneously, the limiting plate 406 moves away from the tank body 1 on the slide 408. This utilizes the elasticity of the buffer device 407 to buffer the impact force when the cover body 201 rotates. The elasticity of the buffer device 407 and the contact state between the support plate 404 and the limiting plate 406 can support the disc 403, mounting plate 402, mounting block 401, and cover body 201, thereby maintaining the angle of the cover body 201 after it is opened. At this time, the maximum opening angle of the cover body 201 is 103°.

[0057] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A cover plate for a pressure vessel for connection with a tank body (1) of a pressure vessel, comprising a cover plate body (201), characterised in that, It includes at least four sealing devices (3) and one limiting device (4), the fixed plate (301) of the sealing device (3) is connected with the cover plate body (201), the supporting block (302) and the rectangular plate (303) of the sealing device (3) are connected with the tank body (1) of the pressure container, the mounting block (401) of the limiting device (4) is connected with the cover plate body (201), and the positioning plate (405) of the limiting device (4) is connected with the tank body (1) of the pressure container.

2. The pressure vessel head of claim 1, wherein The sealing device (3) includes a fixed plate (301), a supporting block (302), a rectangular plate (303), a ball (304), a threaded rod (305), a nut (306), a bolt shaft (307), and a bolt pin (308), the fixed plate (301) is fixed on the side of the cover plate body (201), the supporting block (302) is fixed on the side of the tank body (1) of the pressure container, the rectangular plate (303) is fixed on the side of the tank body (1) of the pressure container, the bottom of the supporting block (302) is connected with the rectangular plate (303), the side of the rectangular plate (303) penetrates the bolt shaft (307), the circumferential surface of the bolt shaft (307) penetrates the ball (304) and is provided with the bolt pin (308) on the other side of the rectangular plate (303), the circumferential surface of the ball (304) is fixedly connected with the threaded rod (305), the threaded rod (305) penetrates the space composed of the fixed plate (301), the supporting block (302), the rectangular plate (303), and the ball (304), and the circumferential surface of the threaded rod (305) close to the outer side of the fixed plate (301) is provided with the nut (306).

3. The pressure vessel head of claim 2, wherein, The number of the fixed plate (301), the supporting block (302), and the rectangular plate (303) is two respectively, and they are mutually symmetrical along the threaded rod (305).

4. The pressure vessel head of claim 1 wherein, The limiting device (4) includes a mounting block (401), a mounting plate (402), a disc (403), a supporting plate (404), a positioning plate (405), a limiting plate (406), a buffer device (407), and a slide (408), the mounting block (401) is fixedly connected on the side of the cover plate body (201), the mounting plate (402) is arranged in the middle of the mounting block (401) and perpendicular to the mounting block (401), the side of the mounting plate (402) is fixedly connected with the disc (403), the circumferential surface of the disc (403) is fixedly connected with the supporting plate (404), the positioning plate (405) is fixedly connected on the side of the tank body (1) of the pressure container, the side of the positioning plate (405) is fixedly connected with the limiting plate (406), the limiting plate (406) is connected with the tank body (1) through the buffer device (407), the bottom of the limiting plate (406) is slidingly connected with the slide (408), and one end of the slide (408) is fixedly connected on the surface of the tank body (1).

5. The pressure vessel head of claim 4, wherein, The number of the mounting block (401) and the positioning plate (405) is two respectively, and they are mutually symmetrical along the vertical central axis of the limiting plate.

6. The pressure vessel head of claim 5, wherein, The sectional area of the limiting plate (406) is determined by the weight of the pressure container cover plate (2), the design opening angle of the pressure container cover plate (2), and the material of the limiting plate (406).

7. A pressure vessel head as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The cover plate body (201) of the pressure container cover plate (2) is provided with one or more of a handle (5), an air outlet valve (6), and a material viewing window (7).

8. A pressure vessel comprising a tank body, characterised in that, The pressure container further comprises the pressure container cover plate (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The pressure vessel of claim 8, wherein, The diameter of the tank body (1) is not greater than 1000 mm.

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