Device for separating and filtering micro-plastics in water
By designing a multi-layer filtration assembly and an automatic cleaning function to separate and filter microplastics in water, the problem of poor microplastic separation effect and self-cleaning in existing technologies has been solved, achieving efficient separation and collection of microplastics.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520124694.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing filtration devices are ineffective at separating and collecting tiny microplastics and lack self-cleaning mechanisms during the filtration process.
A device for separating and filtering microplastics in water has been designed, comprising a multi-layer filtration assembly (coarse filter layer, fine filter layer and ultrafine filter layer), and equipped with a cleaning assembly and a collection assembly. The device achieves graded collection of microplastics through multi-layer filtration and automatic cleaning is achieved by using a cleaning brush and backwashing function.
It achieves efficient separation and collection of microplastics of different particle sizes, ensuring stable operation of the filtration system, and automatically cleans itself when clogged to avoid affecting the filtration effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN223747142U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to water treatment technical field, concretely relates to a device of separating and filtering microplastics in water. BACKGROUND
[0002] Microplastics refer to plastic particles or fibers with a diameter of less than 5 millimeters. With the widespread use of plastic products, the pollution problem of microplastics in the environment is becoming increasingly serious, and microplastics have widely existed in water bodies. Microplastics have potential harm to aquatic organisms and ecosystems, such as affecting the growth, reproduction and behavior of organisms, and may also adsorb and enrich pollutants in the environment, thereby threatening the health of humans at the top of the food chain. Therefore, effectively separating and filtering microplastics in water is of great significance to protect water quality safety and ecological environment health.
[0003] At present, common filter devices can only filter larger particles of impurities, and the filtering effect of micro-sized microplastics is poor, and there is a lack of efficient separation and collection means. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a device for separating and filtering microplastics in water to effectively solve the above problems. SUMMARY
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a device for separating and filtering microplastics in water to solve the problems of effectively separating and filtering microplastics in water, collecting microplastics of different particle sizes, and self-cleaning of components during the filtering process.
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:
[0006] A device for separating and filtering microplastics in water, comprising a housing 1, a filter assembly 2 and a cleaning assembly 5 integrated inside the housing 1, a water inlet pipe 8 connected to the top, a drainage assembly 4 and a collection assembly 3 connected to the bottom;
[0007] Wherein, the filter assembly 2 is provided with a support bearing 7 between the filter assembly 2 and the housing 1, a filter cavity 9 is constructed inside the filter assembly 2, the filter assembly 2 comprises a coarse filter layer 23, a fine filter layer 22 and an ultra-fine filter layer 21 arranged in sequence along the water flow direction, a coarse filter cavity 93 is constructed inside the coarse filter layer 23, the coarse filter layer 23 traps suspended solids and larger size microplastics (microplastics with a diameter size greater than 0.85 millimeters) in water, and the water filtered by the coarse filter layer 23 flows into the coarse filter cavity 93; a fine filter cavity 92 is provided between the coarse filter layer 23 and the fine filter layer 22, the water flows from the center to the periphery, the water in the coarse filter cavity 93 flows to the fine filter layer 22, and the water filtered by the fine filter layer 22 flows into the fine filter cavity 92; an ultra-fine filter cavity 91 is provided between the fine filter layer 22 and the ultra-fine filter layer 21, and the water in the fine filter cavity 92 flows into the ultra-fine filter layer 21 and then flows into the ultra-fine filter cavity 91 after being filtered;
[0008] The cleaning assembly 5 is fixed in the coarse filter cavity 93, including a rotating shaft 53, auxiliary shafts 52 arranged at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 53, the auxiliary shafts 52 being fixed on the filter assembly base 24, and a cleaning brush 51 being sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 53 and tightly matched with the outer circle of the rotating shaft 53; a motor 54 is arranged in the filter assembly base 24, and the rotating shaft 53 is connected with the motor 54;
[0009] The water injection pipe 8 is used for guiding water into the shell 1, a flow rate control valve 82 is arranged on the pipe diameter of the water injection pipe 8, a cleaning valve 61 is arranged at the connection position of the top end of the shell 1 and the water injection pipe 8, and a cleaning valve control rod 62 is connected to the cleaning valve 61.
[0010] The drainage assembly 4 is composed of a drainage port 43 arranged at the bottom of the shell and a drainage pipe 41 connected with the drainage port and provided with a water valve 42, and is used for draining the treated water.
[0011] The collection assembly 3 is arranged outside the shell 1 and is used for collecting microplastics, including a coarse filter layer collection cavity 33, a fine filter layer collection cavity 32 and an ultra-fine filter layer collection cavity 31, a buffer partition plate 34 connected with the three collection cavities is arranged in the collection assembly 3, and the buffer partition plate 34 is connected with the filter assembly base 24.
[0012] Further, the coarse filter cavity 93 is surrounded by the coarse filter layer 23, the fine filter cavity 92 is surrounded by the fine filter layer 22, and the ultra-fine filter cavity 91 is surrounded by the ultra-fine filter layer 21; the filter cavities are all circular ring cylinders; the upper end of the coarse filter layer 23, the fine filter layer 22 and the ultra-fine filter layer 21 is the filter assembly top cover 25, and the lower end is the filter assembly base 24; buckles are arranged on the filter assembly top cover 25 and the filter assembly base 24 and are used for fixing the filter assembly 2.
[0013] Further, the coarse filter layer 23 is a 20-mesh metal screen, the fine filter layer 22 is PP cotton with a filtering precision of 5 microns, and the ultra-fine filter layer 21 is a gradient ceramic filter core with an average pore size of 0.15 microns.
[0014] Further, the auxiliary shaft 52 is fixed on the filter assembly base 24 by buckles.
[0015] Further, the water injection pipe 8 is connected with the shell 1 through a water injection pipe threaded interface 81.
[0016] Further, the cleaning valve control rod 62 is welded on the cleaning valve 61; when the water flow of the drainage assembly is obviously reduced and the filter assembly 2 is seriously blocked, the cleaning valve control rod 62 is rotated to make the cleaning valve 61 closed, the water flows from outside to inside of the shell 1, and the automatic cleaning of the filter assembly 2 is realized; the cleaning valve 61 is welded on the water injection pipe 8, two sealing bearings 63 are further arranged on the cleaning valve 61, and the cleaning valve 61 is fixed between the water injection pipe 8 and the water purification cavity 94 through the left and right sealing bearings 63.
[0017] Further, the drain pipe 41 is made of polyethylene hose and directly sleeved outside the drain port 43, and a water valve 42 is arranged on the drain pipe.
[0018] Further, the superfine filter layer collecting cavity 31, the fine filter layer collecting cavity 32 and the coarse filter layer collecting cavity 33 are respectively connected with the buffer partition plate 34 through screw connection, the buffer partition plate 34 is connected with the filter assembly base 24 through rolling bearing, and the filter assembly base 24 is connected with the shell 1 through a sealing rubber strip.
[0019] Further, the coarse filter layer collecting cavity 33 is a hollow columnar structure without a cover and is connected with the buffer partition plate 34 through screw connection and is used for collecting microplastic particles from the coarse filter cavity 93 in the cleaning stage; the fine filter layer collecting cavity 32 is a hollow annular structure without a cover and is connected with the buffer partition plate 34 through screw connection and is used for collecting microplastic particles from the fine filter cavity 92 in the cleaning stage; and the superfine filter layer collecting cavity 31 is a hollow annular structure without a cover and is connected with the buffer partition plate 34 through screw connection and is used for collecting microplastic particles from the superfine filter cavity 91 in the cleaning stage.
[0020] Further, three collecting holes are arranged on the auxiliary filter assembly base 24 and correspond to the three cavities, and three collecting holes are correspondingly arranged on the buffer partition plate 34; when the buffer partition plate 34 is rotated to the position that the orifices of the buffer partition plate 34 are consistent with the orifices of the filter assembly base 24, microplastics can be collected; larger particle impurities and microplastics intercepted by the coarse filter layer 23 can fall into the coarse filter layer collecting cavity 33, microplastics intercepted by the fine filter layer 22 after coarse filtration can enter the fine filter layer collecting cavity 32, and microplastics with a diameter greater than 0.15 μm and less than 0.5 μm intercepted by the superfine filter layer 21 can be collected into the superfine filter layer collecting cavity 31.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0022] The utility model discloses a filter assembly, a collecting assembly and a drain assembly are arranged in the shell, the filter assembly is used for filtering the water containing microplastics, the collecting assembly is used for collecting the microplastics, and the drain assembly is used for draining the water. The filter assembly is used for filtering the water containing microplastics, the filter assembly is provided with a cleaning brush, and the filter assembly can realize automatic cleaning when the coarse filter layer is blocked. When the water flow of the drain assembly is small, the pressure is judged, and the filter assembly is seriously blocked, the cleaning valve is closed by rotating the cleaning valve control rod, the water flows from outside to inside through the shell, and the automatic cleaning of the filter assembly is realized, so that the filter assembly is prevented from being blocked. Meanwhile, the collecting assembly at the bottom collects the microplastics, so that the system can continue to operate normally after the microplastics are removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows, and it should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the premise of not paying creative labor.
[0024] Figure 1 It is a perspective structural schematic diagram of a device for separating and filtering microplastics in water.
[0025] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 It is a front view cross-sectional structural schematic diagram.
[0026] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is a perspective structural schematic diagram of a filter assembly in the device.
[0027] Figure 4 It is Figure 2 It is a filter assembly base structure schematic diagram in the device.
[0028] Figure 5 It is Figure 2 It is a buffer partition schematic diagram.
[0029] In the drawings, 1. housing 2. filter assembly 21. ultra-fine filter layer 22. fine filter layer 23. coarse filter layer 24. filter assembly base 25. filter assembly top cover 3. collection assembly 31. ultra-fine filter layer collection cavity 32. fine filter layer collection cavity 33. coarse filter layer collection cavity 34. buffer partition 4. drainage assembly 41. drain pipe 42. water valve 43. drain port 5. cleaning assembly 51. cleaning brush 52. auxiliary shaft 53. rotating shaft 54. motor 61. cleaning valve 62. cleaning valve control rod 63. sealing bearing 7. supporting bearing 8. water injection pipe 81. water injection pipe threaded interface 82. flow rate control valve 9. filter cavity 91. ultra-fine filter cavity 92. fine filter cavity 93. coarse filter cavity 94. clean water cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments:
[0031] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments:
[0032] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters refer to similar items in the accompanying drawings described below, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. Meanwhile, in the description of the utility model, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0033] The utility model provides a device of separating and filtering microplastics in water, including casing 1, the inside integrated filter assembly 2 and cleaning assembly 5 of casing 1, top connection water injection pipe 8, bottom connection drainage assembly 4 and collection assembly 3, the coordinated operation between each component, to realize the accurate separation and efficient filtration of microplastics in water.
[0034] Wherein, the water injection pipe 8 is connected with casing 1 through water injection pipe threaded interface 81.
[0035] The drainage assembly 4 is connected with the drain pipe 41 with water valve 42 by the drainage port 43 of the bottom of casing 1, and the drain pipe 41 is a hose directly sleeved outside the drainage port 43.
[0036] The collection assembly 3 includes three collection cavities, namely ultrafine filter layer collection cavity 31, fine filter layer collection cavity 32 and coarse filter layer collection cavity 33, which are respectively connected with buffer partition plate 34 through thread connection, so as to facilitate the disassembly of collection assembly 3, and buffer partition plate 34 is connected with filter assembly base 24 through sliding bearing, so as to realize the connection with casing 1. The periphery of filter assembly base 24 is provided with sealing rubber strip connected with casing 1.
[0037] Wherein, the filter assembly 2 is the core filter unit, and a filter cavity 9 is constructed inside to ensure that the water flow can pass through each level of filter layer uniformly and stably in the cavity, to realize efficient interception and separation of microplastic particles. The casing 1 and the filter assembly 2 are provided with support bearings 7 for positioning and fixing in four directions of front, rear, left and right.
[0038] Specifically, as Figure 3As shown, the filter assembly 2 comprises a coarse filter layer 23, a fine filter layer 22 and an ultra-fine filter layer 21 arranged in sequence along the water flow direction, a coarse filter cavity 93 is constructed inside the coarse filter layer 23, the coarse filter layer 23 traps suspended solids and larger size microplastics in the water body, reducing the filtration load of the subsequent fine filter layer 22 and ultra-fine filter layer 21, and the water filtered by the coarse filter layer 23 flows to the coarse filter cavity 93. The fine filter cavity 92 is provided between the coarse filter layer 23 and the fine filter layer 22, and the water flows from the center to the periphery, and the water in the coarse filter cavity 93 flows to the fine filter layer 22, and after being filtered by the fine filter layer 22, it flows into the fine filter cavity 92. The ultra-fine filter cavity 91 is provided between the fine filter layer 22 and the ultra-fine filter layer 21, and the water in the fine filter cavity 92 flows into the ultra-fine filter layer 21 due to pressure, and after being filtered by the ultra-fine filter layer 21, it flows into the ultra-fine filter cavity 91. The coarse filter cavity 93 is surrounded by the coarse filter layer 23; the fine filter cavity 92 is surrounded by the fine filter layer 22; the ultra-fine filter cavity 91 is surrounded by the ultra-fine filter layer 21; and the filter cavities are all circular ring cylinders. The upper end of the coarse filter layer 23, the fine filter layer 22 and the ultra-fine filter layer 21 is the filter assembly top cover 25, and the lower end is the filter assembly base 24, and buckles are provided on the filter assembly top cover 25 and the filter assembly base 24 for fixing the filter assembly 2.
[0039] Specifically, the coarse filter layer 23 is a 20-mesh metal screen, the fine filter layer 22 is PP cotton with a filtering precision of 5 microns, and the ultra-fine filter layer 21 is a gradient ceramic filter core with an average pore size of 0.15 microns. After the water flows through the three filter layers in the filter assembly 2, the tiny microplastic pollutants in the water can be accurately removed; and the filter assembly 2 can perform graded filtration on the microplastics in the water through the multiple filter layers.
[0040] The support bearing 7 is installed between the shell 1 and the filter assembly 2 to effectively position the filter assembly 2, prevent water leakage, and ensure stable operation of the filter assembly 2 in the shell 1.
[0041] The cleaning assembly 5 is fixed in the coarse filter cavity 93 and is composed of a rotating shaft 53 and an auxiliary shaft 52. The auxiliary shaft 52 is arranged at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 53 and is fixed to the filter assembly base 24 by buckles. The rotating shaft 53 is a solid elongated cylinder, and a cleaning brush 51 is sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 53. The filter assembly base 24 is provided with a motor 54, and the rotating shaft 53 is connected to the motor 54. When the coarse filter layer 23 is blocked and the cleaning program is started, the rotating shaft 53 drives the cleaning brush 51 to clean the coarse filter layer 23 under the drive of the motor 54, thereby achieving cleaning of the coarse filter layer 23.
[0042] The water injection pipe 8 is used to guide water into the shell 1, and the water injection pipe 8 is provided with a flow rate control valve 82 on the pipe diameter, so that the water flow can be injected into the device at a fixed flow rate. The top end of the shell 1 is provided with a cleaning valve 61 at the connection with the water injection pipe 8. The cleaning valve 61 is welded with a cleaning valve control rod 62, and when the water flow of the drainage assembly is obviously reduced, the cleaning valve 61 can be controlled to be closed through the cleaning valve control rod 62, so as to start the backwashing program and ensure the stability of the device.
[0043] Specifically, the cleaning valve 61 is welded with a cleaning valve control rod 62. When the water flow of the drainage assembly is obviously reduced and the filter assembly 2 is seriously blocked, the cleaning valve 61 is closed by rotating the cleaning valve control rod 62, and the water flows from the outside to the inside of the shell 1, so as to realize the automatic cleaning of the filter assembly 2 and avoid the blocking of the filter assembly 2. The cleaning valve 61 is welded on the water injection pipe 8, and two sealing bearings 63 are further arranged thereon. The cleaning valve 61 is fixed between the water injection pipe 8 and the water purification cavity 94 through the left and right sealing bearings 63, so as to improve the structural stability of the cleaning valve 61.
[0044] The drainage assembly 4 and the collection assembly 3 are respectively used for draining the treated water and collecting the microplastics of different particle sizes intercepted in the filtering process.
[0045] Specifically, the drainage assembly 4 includes a drainage port 43 and a drainage pipe 41. The drainage pipe 41 is made of polyethylene (PE) pipe material which is resistant to high pressure and corrosion. The pipe diameter is determined according to the calculation of drainage flow and pressure loss. The water valve 42 is arranged on the drainage pipe, and the drainage flow and speed are accurately adjusted.
[0046] The collection assembly 3 is used for collecting microplastics, so that the system can continue to operate normally after the microplastics are removed. The collection assembly 3 includes a coarse filter layer collection cavity 33, a fine filter layer collection cavity 32 and an ultra-fine filter layer collection cavity 31, and the inside is provided with a buffer partition plate 34 for preventing secondary suspension of pollutants.
[0047] Specifically, the collection components 3 are all located outside the housing 1 and connected to the filter assembly base 24 via a buffer partition 34. The coarse filter layer collection chamber 33 is a hollow cylindrical, open-top structure, threadedly connected to the buffer partition 34, collecting microplastic particles from the coarse filter chamber 93 during the cleaning stage. The fine filter layer collection chamber 32 is a hollow annular, open-top structure, threadedly connected to the buffer partition 34, collecting microplastic particles from the fine filter chamber 92 during the cleaning stage. The ultrafine filter layer collection chamber 31 is a hollow annular, open-top structure, threadedly connected to the buffer partition 34, collecting microplastic particles from the ultrafine filter chamber 91 during the cleaning stage. The coarse filter layer collection chamber 33, fine filter layer collection chamber 32, and ultrafine filter layer collection chamber 31 are threadedly connected to the buffer partition 34. The buffer partition 34 is located between the filter assembly base 24 and the collection components 3, and is connected to the filter assembly base 24 via a rolling bearing.
[0048] Filter assembly base 24 Figure 4 As shown, the buffer partition is as follows Figure 5 As shown, the filter assembly base 24 has three collection holes (2-A, 2-B, 2-C) corresponding to the three chambers, and the buffer baffle 34 also has three collection holes (3-A, 3-B, 3-C). During the self-cleaning phase, the buffer baffle 34 is rotated, and microplastics can only be collected when its orifice aligns with the orifice of the filter assembly base 24. During filtration, larger particles and microplastics intercepted by the coarse filter layer 23 fall into the coarse filter layer collection chamber 33 under gravity. Substances intercepted by the fine filter layer 22 after coarse filtration enter the fine filter layer collection chamber 32 under the influence of fluid drag and gravity. Similarly, extremely small microplastics and other substances intercepted by the ultrafine filter layer 21 are collected in the ultrafine filter layer collection chamber 31. This layered collection method facilitates subsequent precise compositional analysis and research of filtered materials of different particle sizes using advanced analytical techniques.
[0049] In this invention, the coarse filter layer 23, the fine filter layer 22, and the ultrafine filter layer 21 are all used to filter microplastics (particles / flakes / strips / fibers). The coarse filter layer 23 can trap microplastic particles with a diameter greater than 0.85 mm. After filtration by the coarse filter layer 23, the water flows to the fine filter chamber 92, where only microplastic particles with a diameter less than 0.85 mm remain. The water then flows to the fine filter layer 22. The fine filter layer 22 can trap microplastic particles with a diameter greater than 5 μm. After filtration by the fine filter layer 22, the water flows to the ultrafine filter chamber 91, where only microplastic particles with a diameter less than 5 μm remain. The ultrafine filter layer 21 can trap microplastic particles with a diameter greater than 0.15 μm. After filtration by the ultrafine filter layer 21, the water flows to the purified water chamber 94 and is then discharged through the drain outlet 43 and drain pipe 41.
[0050] The device has reasonable structure design, can effectively separate and filter microplastics in water, can collect microplastics with different particle sizes, can realize self-cleaning of the filter assembly in the filtering process, does not need to be disassembled, and avoids affecting the treatment effect on the water body.
[0051] It should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and the technical principles applied. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and can include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A device for separating microplastics in filtered water, characterized in that: The shell (1) is internally integrated with a filter assembly (2) and a cleaning assembly (5), the top is connected with a water injection pipe (8), the bottom is connected with a drainage assembly (4) and a collection assembly (3); The filter assembly (2) is provided with a support bearing (7) between the filter assembly (2) and the shell (1), a filter cavity (9) is constructed in the filter assembly (2), the filter assembly (2) comprises a coarse filter layer (23), a fine filter layer (22) and an ultra-fine filter layer (21) arranged in sequence along the water flow direction, a coarse filter cavity (93) is constructed in the coarse filter layer (23), the coarse filter layer (23) can intercept suspended solids and microplastics with a diameter greater than 0.85mm in the water, the water filtered by the coarse filter layer (23) flows to the coarse filter cavity (93); a fine filter cavity (92) is arranged between the coarse filter layer (23) and the fine filter layer (22), the water flows from the center to the periphery, the water in the coarse filter cavity (93) flows to the fine filter layer (22) in all directions, and the water filtered by the fine filter layer (22) flows into the fine filter cavity (92); an ultra-fine filter cavity (91) is arranged between the fine filter layer (22) and the ultra-fine filter layer (21), the water in the fine filter cavity (92) flows into the ultra-fine filter layer (21) and then flows into the ultra-fine filter cavity (91) after being filtered. The cleaning assembly (5) is fixed in the coarse filter cavity (93) and comprises a rotating shaft (53), auxiliary shafts (52) are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft (53), the auxiliary shafts (52) are fixed on a filter assembly base (24), and a cleaning brush (51) is sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (53) and tightly matches the outer circle of the rotating shaft (53); a motor (54) is arranged in the filter assembly base (24), and the rotating shaft (53) is connected with the motor (54). The water injection pipe (8) is used for guiding water into the shell (1), a flow rate control valve (82) is arranged on the pipe diameter of the water injection pipe (8), a cleaning valve (61) is arranged at the connection between the top end of the shell (1) and the water injection pipe (8), and a cleaning valve control rod (62) is connected to the cleaning valve (61). The drainage assembly (4) is composed of a drainage port (43) formed in the bottom of the shell and a drainage pipe (41) connected with the drainage port and provided with a water valve (42), and is used for draining the treated water. The collection assembly (3) is arranged outside the shell (1) and is used for collecting microplastics, and comprises a coarse filter layer collection cavity (33), a fine filter layer collection cavity (32) and an ultra-fine filter layer collection cavity (31), a buffer partition (34) connected with the three collection cavities is arranged in the collection assembly (3), and the buffer partition (34) is connected with the filter assembly base (24).
2. A device for separating microplastics from filtered water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coarse filter cavity (93) is surrounded by the coarse filter layer (23), the fine filter cavity (92) is surrounded by the fine filter layer (22), the ultra-fine filter cavity (91) is surrounded by the ultra-fine filter layer (21), and the filter cavities are all circular ring cylinders; the upper end of the coarse filter layer (23), the fine filter layer (22) and the ultra-fine filter layer (21) is a filter assembly top cover (25), and the lower end is a filter assembly base (24), buckles are arranged on the filter assembly top cover (25) and the filter assembly base (24) and are used for fixing the filter assembly (2).
3. A device for separating microplastics from filtered water according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coarse filter layer (23) is a 20 mesh metal screen, the fine filter layer (22) is a PP cotton with a filtering accuracy of 5 μm, and the ultra-fine filter layer (21) is a gradient ceramic filter core with an average pore size of 0.15 μm.
4. The device for separating microplastics in filtered water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary shaft (52) is fixed to the filter assembly base (24) by a buckle.
5. The device for separating microplastics in filtered water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water injection pipe (8) is connected to the shell (1) through a water injection pipe threaded interface (81).
6. The device for separating microplastics in filtered water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning valve (61) is welded with a cleaning valve control rod (62); when the water flow of the drainage assembly is small and the filter assembly (2) is seriously blocked, the cleaning valve control rod (62) is rotated to close the cleaning valve (61), the water flow flows from outside to inside through the shell (1), and the automatic cleaning of the filter assembly (2) is realized; the cleaning valve (61) is welded on the water injection pipe (8), and two sealing bearings (63) are further arranged on the cleaning valve (61); the cleaning valve (61) is fixed between the water injection pipe (8) and the clean water cavity (94) through the left and right sealing bearings (63).
7. The device for separating microplastics in filtered water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipe (41) is a polyethylene hose directly sleeved outside the drainage port (43), and a water valve (42) is arranged on the drainage pipe.
8. The device for separating microplastics in filtered water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultra-fine filter layer collecting cavity (31), the fine filter layer collecting cavity (32) and the coarse filter layer collecting cavity (33) are respectively connected with the buffer partition plate (34) through threads, the buffer partition plate (34) is connected with the filter assembly base (24) through a rolling bearing, and the periphery of the filter assembly base (24) is connected with the shell (1) through a sealing rubber strip.
9. A device for separating microplastics from filtered water according to claim 8, characterized in that: The coarse filter layer collecting cavity (33) is a hollow columnar structure without a cover, is connected with the buffer partition plate (34) through threads, and is used for collecting micro-plastic particles from the coarse filter cavity (93). The fine filter layer collecting cavity (32) is a hollow annular structure without a cover, is connected with the buffer partition plate (34) through threads, and is used for collecting micro-plastic particles from the fine filter cavity (92). The ultra-fine filter layer collecting cavity (31) is a hollow annular structure without a cover, is connected with the buffer partition plate (34) through threads, and is used for collecting micro-plastic particles from the ultra-fine filter cavity (91).
10. The device for separating microplastics in filtered water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly base (24) is provided with three collecting holes corresponding to the three cavities, and the buffer partition plate (34) is provided with three collecting holes corresponding to the three cavities; when the buffer partition plate (34) is rotated to the position where the orifice of the buffer partition plate (34) is consistent with the orifice of the filter assembly base (24), the micro-plastic particles can be collected; the particles with a diameter greater than 0.85 mm intercepted by the coarse filter layer (23) and the micro-plastic particles can fall into the coarse filter layer collecting cavity (33), the micro-plastic particles after the coarse filtration and intercepted by the fine filter layer (22) can enter the fine filter layer collecting cavity (32), and the micro-plastic particles with a diameter greater than 0.15 μm and less than 0.5 μm intercepted by the ultra-fine filter layer (21) can be collected into the ultra-fine filter layer collecting cavity (31).