Non-contact micro direct current sensor and railway turnout action time sequence monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a non-contact micro direct current sensor and a railway turnout action time sequence monitoring system. The sensor comprises a semi-ring type lower closed magnetic core and a signal amplification detection circuit board which are respectively arranged in a lower closed protective shell; the detection coil is wound at two ends of the semi-ring lower closed magnetic core and is electrically connected with the signal amplification detection circuit board; one end of the signal lead is electrically connected with the signal amplification detection circuit board, and the other end of the signal lead extends out of the lower closing protective shell; the semi-ring upper closed magnetic core is arranged in the upper closed protective shell; one side of the upper closed protective shell is hinged to one side of the lower closed protective shell, the other side of the upper closed protective shell is provided with an opening and closing locking assembly, the opening and closing locking assembly can be freely opened and closed on the lower closed protective shell along the hinged part and can be locked on the lower closed protective shell in a buckling state, and the semi-ring type upper closed magnetic core and the semi-ring type lower closed magnetic core form a closed magnetic ring after locking; and an open-close type threading ring is arranged at a hollow part after the semi-ring type upper closed magnetic core and the semi-ring type lower closed magnetic core form the closed magnetic ring. The sensor can conveniently and accurately measure the micro direct current, and provides accurate data for railway turnout action time sequence monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of railway turnout operation monitoring equipment, and in particular to a non-contact micro DC sensor and a railway turnout operation timing monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Railway signal control systems previously relied heavily on safety-type DC relays for timing control, but now microelectronics are more commonly used. Regardless of the timing control method, monitoring the integrity of the timing operation is crucial to determining the reliability and safety of the control circuit. Voltage monitoring can accomplish this task, often using contact measurement, but this introduces safety hazards and makes it difficult to modify and maintain existing equipment, especially outdoors. Non-contact voltage measurement is generally suitable for higher voltage AC signals, but its accuracy is lower and it is easily affected by the external environment. Non-contact DC voltage measurement is very complex, requiring a relatively high voltage signal, and its protection is difficult and costly.

[0003] In rail transit, due to the frequent train services and high frequency of turnout switching, the maintenance of turnout equipment is extremely important. Currently, centralized signal monitoring systems are commonly used to monitor the electrical characteristics of indoor signaling equipment online. However, existing monitoring systems only collect the real-time status of key relays in some turnout assembly equipment, failing to monitor the timing and causal states of the turnout circuits. Turnout faults caused by relay timing issues are often intermittent, making monitoring and analysis with existing equipment difficult. Typically, troubleshooting requires replacing numerous components, which is time-consuming and lacks effective, rapid, and scientific diagnostic methods, thus hindering train operation safety.

[0004] Current closest solution:

[0005] (1) Using the magnetic field measurement principle, the relay is pulled up and dropped according to the magnetic field strength of the relay excitation coil. This method is a non-contact indirect measurement, which cannot reflect the turnout sequence and the working status of the circuit, and cannot monitor the high impedance and open circuit faults.

[0006] (2) Using the photoelectric measurement principle, the relay contact status is indirectly measured by the light tube through the transparent relay shell to determine the relay's pull-up and drop. This method is a non-contact indirect measurement, which cannot reflect the reliability of the relay contact's conduction or disconnection, and cannot monitor the faults in the control circuit.

[0007] (3) Relay backup contact monitoring is adopted. Some key turnout relays have backup contacts. The status of the backup contacts can be collected to monitor the relay operation status. In addition, a considerable number of key turnout relays do not have backup contacts, so it is impossible to monitor the relay operation status. At the same time, this method is an indirect measurement and has inherent shortcomings.

[0008] In summary, the existing measurement methods described above only monitor the relays, which are key components in the turnout assembly. They do not provide complete monitoring of the operating timing circuits and are all indirect monitoring methods. As a result, they have problems such as being unable to monitor high impedance and open circuit faults, and being unable to monitor control circuit faults.

[0009] In view of the above, this utility model is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a non-contact micro DC sensor and a railway turnout operation timing monitoring system. During the turnout operation process, it can directly monitor the turnout combination operation timing and its inherent causal relationship in real time through DC small signal measurement. This effectively solves the technical problem of inaccurate monitoring of railway turnout operation timing caused by the inability to directly and accurately measure DC small signals.

[0011] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0012] A non-contact micro DC sensor, comprising:

[0013] The system includes a detection coil, a semi-annular lower closing magnetic core, a lower closing protective shell, a signal amplification and detection circuit board, signal leads, an opening and closing pin assembly, an upper closing protective shell, a semi-annular upper closing magnetic core, an opening and closing locking assembly, and a wire guide ring; among which...

[0014] The semi-annular lower magnetic core and the signal amplification and detection circuit board are respectively housed inside the lower protective shell;

[0015] The detection coil is wound around both ends of the semi-annular lower magnetic core and is electrically connected to the signal amplification and detection circuit board;

[0016] One end of the signal lead is electrically connected to the signal amplification and detection circuit board, and the other end extends to the outside of the lower protective shell;

[0017] The semi-annular upper magnetic core is disposed inside the upper protective shell;

[0018] One side of the upper housing is hinged to one side of the lower housing, and the other side is provided with an opening and closing locking assembly. It can be opened and closed freely along the hinge part on the lower housing. In the locked state, it can be locked on the lower housing by the opening and closing locking assembly. After locking, the two ends of the opening of the semi-annular upper magnetic core and the two ends of the opening of the semi-annular lower magnetic core are in relative contact to form a closed magnetic ring.

[0019] The hollow portion of the semi-annular upper magnetic core and the semi-annular lower magnetic core that form a closed magnetic ring is provided with an openable threading loop for the monitored wire to pass through.

[0020] A railway turnout operation timing monitoring system includes:

[0021] At least two non-contact micro DC sensors as described in this utility model, at least one data acquisition unit, a communication sub-unit, and a monitoring station; wherein,

[0022] Each data acquisition unit is connected to a communication extension unit, which can communicate with external monitoring stations.

[0023] Each acquisition unit is connected to at least two non-contact micro DC sensors. Each non-contact micro DC sensor is non-contactly mounted on the conductor connected to the real-time turnout relay. It can acquire the current of the conductor connected to the real-time turnout relay in a non-contact manner, and analyze and judge the preset target threshold and the point-by-point read data segment through the existing dynamic approximation algorithm to complete the relevant processing. The processed result signal is sent to the monitoring station via the communication extension.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the non-contact micro DC sensor and railway turnout operation timing monitoring system provided by this utility model have the following advantages:

[0025] By setting semi-annular upper and lower magnetic cores respectively within the upper and lower locking housings, which can be opened and closed, the semi-annular upper and lower magnetic cores, after being locked by the upper and lower housings, form a closed magnetic ring that can be easily fitted onto the measured derivative, thus forming an openable through-core sensor. This allows for the reading of the excitation current of the relay coil or the current flowing through the contacts when the turnout operates without disconnecting the measured line, thereby mapping the timing relationship of the turnout's combined operation. Since both the semi-annular upper and lower magnetic cores are made of alloy materials, possessing extremely high permeability, extremely low coercivity, and low saturation magnetic induction, the sensor can operate stably and reliably in the complex electromagnetic environment of the machine room. The sensor has strong anti-interference capabilities, stable performance, high accuracy, and non-contact measurement, making it convenient, fast, safe, and reliable. It can stably and accurately acquire the milliampere-level DC excitation current of the turnout relay, thus ensuring the reliability of judging the relay's operating state. This effectively solves the problem of accurately monitoring the timing of railway turnout operations due to the inability to accurately measure minute DC currents. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the non-contact micro DC sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the non-contact micro DC sensor provided in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the railway turnout operation timing monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the application status of the railway turnout operation timing monitoring system provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the BH curve of a common magnetic ring.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the BH curve d of a high u magnetic ring.

[0033] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the BH curve of a high-u magnetic ring with DC applied.

[0034] Figure 1 The markings are as follows: 1-Detection coil; 2-Semi-annular lower closing magnetic core; 3-Lower closing protective shell; 4-Opening and closing wire ring; 5-Signal amplification and detection circuit board; 41-; 42-; 51-PCB circuit board; 52-Zero adjustment rheostat; 6-Signal lead; 7-Opening and closing pin assembly; 8-Upper closing protective shell; 9-Semi-annular upper closing magnetic core; 10-Opening and closing locking assembly.

[0035] Figure 2 The markings are as follows: 101-toroidal magnetic core; 102-tested conductor; 103-excitation coil; 104-magnetic fluxgate; 105-excitation circuit; 106-synchronous detection circuit; 107-amplifier; 108-resistor. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments, which do not constitute a limitation on the present utility model. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0037] First, the following explanations are provided for the terms that may be used in this article:

[0038] The term "and / or" means that either or both can be achieved simultaneously. For example, X and / or Y means that it includes both "X" or "Y" as well as the three cases of "X and Y".

[0039] The terms "comprising," "including," "containing," "having," or other similar semantic descriptions should be interpreted as non-exclusive inclusion. For example, including a technical feature element (such as raw material, component, ingredient, carrier, dosage form, material, size, part, component, mechanism, device, step, process, method, reaction conditions, processing conditions, parameter, algorithm, signal, data, product or article of manufacture, etc.) should be interpreted as including not only the expressly listed technical feature element, but also other technical feature elements that are not expressly listed and are well-known in the art.

[0040] The term "composed of" excludes any technical features not expressly listed. When used in a claim, it closes the claim to exclude all technical features other than those expressly listed, except for associated conventional impurities. If the term appears only in a clause of a claim, it limits the claim to the elements expressly listed in that clause; elements recited in other clauses are not excluded from the overall claim.

[0041] Unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this document according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” and “counterclockwise” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience and simplification of description and do not imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this document.

[0043] The solution provided by this utility model is described in detail below. Contents not described in detail in the embodiments of this utility model are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments of this utility model, they shall be performed according to conventional conditions in the art or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments used in the embodiments of this utility model whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, this utility model provides a non-contact micro DC sensor, comprising:

[0045] The system comprises: 1. Detection coil; 2. Semi-annular lower closing magnetic core; 3. Lower closing protective shell; 5. Signal amplification and detection circuit board; 6. Signal lead; 7. Opening and closing pin assembly; 8. Upper closing protective shell; 9. Semi-annular upper closing magnetic core; 10. Opening and closing locking assembly; and 4. Threading ring.

[0046] The semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 and the signal amplification and detection circuit board 5 are respectively disposed inside the lower protective shell 3;

[0047] The detection coil 1 is wound around both ends of the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 and is electrically connected to the signal amplification and detection circuit board 5;

[0048] One end of the signal lead 6 is electrically connected to the signal amplification and detection circuit board 5, and the other end extends to the outside of the lower protective shell 3;

[0049] The semi-annular upper magnetic core 9 is disposed inside the upper protective shell 8;

[0050] One side of the upper housing 8 is hinged to one side of the lower housing 3, and the other side is provided with an opening and closing locking assembly 10, which can be freely opened and closed along the hinge part on the lower housing 3. In the locked state, it can be locked on the lower housing 3 by the opening and closing locking assembly 10. After locking, the two ends of the opening of the semi-annular upper magnetic core 9 and the two ends of the opening of the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 are in relative contact to form a closed magnetic ring.

[0051] The hollow portion of the semi-annular upper magnetic core 9 and the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 that form a closed magnetic ring is provided with a threading loop 4 for the monitored wire to pass through.

[0052] Preferably, in the above-mentioned sensor, the signal amplification and detection circuit board 5 includes: a PCB circuit board 51, a zero-adjustment rheostat 52, and a frequency selective amplifier 53; wherein,

[0053] The zero-adjustment rheostat 52 and the frequency selective amplifier 53 are electrically connected to the PCB circuit board 51, and one end of the detection coil 1 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the frequency selective amplifier 53.

[0054] The other end of the detection coil 1 is grounded via the zero-adjustment rheostat 52, which can be used to adjust the zero-crossing point of the frequency selective amplifier.

[0055] Preferably, in the above-mentioned sensor, the signal amplification and detection circuit board 5 is located below the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 inside the lower housing 3, and is pressed into the bottom of the lower housing 3 by the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2.

[0056] Preferably, in the above-mentioned sensor, the openable threading ring 4 is composed of an upper threading ring 41 and a lower threading ring 42. The upper threading ring 41 is embedded in the opening of the semi-annular upper magnetic core 9; the lower threading ring 42 is embedded in the opening of the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2.

[0057] Preferably, in the above-mentioned sensor, one side of the upper protective shell 8 is hinged to one side of the lower protective shell 3 via the opening and closing pin assembly 7.

[0058] Preferably, in the above-mentioned sensor, both the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 and the semi-annular upper magnetic core 9 are U-shaped structures.

[0059] Preferably, in the above-mentioned sensor, the opening and closing locking component 10 is a snap-fit ​​structure that can engage with the snap-fit ​​on the other side of the lower closing protective shell 3 to lock the upper closing protective shell 8 and the lower closing protective shell 3.

[0060] Preferably, in the above-mentioned sensor, the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 and the semi-annular upper magnetic core 9 adopt corresponding concave-convex stacked gold finger structures. The concave-convex structure of the gold fingers increases the contact area of ​​the soft magnetic alloy and reduces magnetic resistance.

[0061] In summary, the sensor of this invention, by respectively arranging a semi-annular upper magnetic core and a semi-annular lower magnetic core within the upper and lower locking housings, forms a closed magnetic ring that can be easily fitted onto the measured derivative after being locked by the upper and lower locking housings. This creates an openable through-core sensor, allowing the reading of the excitation current of the relay coil or the current flowing through the contacts when the turnout operates without disconnecting the measured circuit, thus mapping the timing relationship of the turnout's combined operation. Both the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 and the semi-annular upper magnetic core 9 of the sensor adopt a convex-concave stacked gold finger structure, achieving a miniature size and occupying minimal space, meeting the field requirements for miniaturized data acquisition equipment.

[0062] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, this utility model embodiment also provides a railway turnout operation timing monitoring system, including:

[0063] At least two of the aforementioned non-contact micro DC sensors, at least one data acquisition unit, and a communication sub-unit; wherein,

[0064] Each data acquisition unit is connected to a communication extension unit, which can communicate with external monitoring stations.

[0065] Each acquisition unit is connected to at least two non-contact micro DC sensors. Each non-contact micro DC sensor is non-contactly mounted on the conductor connected to the real-time turnout relay. It can acquire the current of the conductor connected to the real-time turnout relay in a non-contact manner, and analyze and judge the preset target threshold and the point-by-point read data segment through the existing dynamic approximation algorithm to complete the relevant processing. The processed result signal is sent to the monitoring station via the communication extension.

[0066] Existing dynamic approximation algorithms are common and are detailed below:

[0067] (1) Railway turnout operation sequence. This sequence is a relay operation sequence circuit, which is an inductive load. The load varies with different types of relays. Current range: 5mA < Im < 350mA.

[0068] (2) From the moment the power is applied to the moment the relay is activated, there is a transition process in which the current gradually increases, that is, the exponential function process of e, and vice versa.

[0069] (3) The dynamic approximation algorithm finds the obvious time change point of the signal during the transition process. For example, the target data is W(x0,x1…xn), the read data is R(x0,x1…xn), and the threshold is Cm constant. Dynamic approximation is a convolution process. The suck-up process is as follows: Normal state, WR<Cm. When WR>Cm, it is the time change point, which is the action timing point, and vice versa. (The values ​​of n and m are different for different relays).

[0070] Preferably, in the above system, the target threshold is derived by filtering, signal regression and related processing of the collected DC current, and through a large number of signal processing and signal change trends, a mathematical model is derived to ensure that the signal amplitude of each monitoring loop meets the expected error threshold. This is the process of obtaining W, R and Cm using existing dynamic approximation algorithms.

[0071] In summary, the system of this utility model, by employing a sensor with an openable / closing structure, allows for online installation of the openable / closing through-core sensor without disconnecting the circuit under test, making installation simple and quick, and meeting the needs of on-site installation and maintenance. Because the signal measurement uses magnetic modulation, the measured signal is confined to a specified narrow band, thus exhibiting strong anti-interference capabilities. Furthermore, the sensor leads utilize double-layer shielding, with the first layer isolating low-frequency interference and the second layer isolating high-frequency interference. The inner layer of the sensor housing is coated with a metal layer, effectively isolating electromagnetic interference from the surrounding environment. Moreover, the use of a dynamic approximation algorithm that analyzes and judges the preset target threshold and the point-by-point read data segments achieves more accurate monitoring results.

[0072] To more clearly demonstrate the technical solution and its effects provided by this utility model, the following detailed description of the solution provided by the embodiments of this utility model is given with reference to specific examples.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] This embodiment provides a non-contact micro DC sensor, the cross-sectional structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the principle is as follows Figure 2 As shown, a coil is wound on a toroidal magnetic core 101 equipped with a fluxgate 104. This winding serves as both an excitation coil 103 and a measurement winding. The conductor being measured 102 passes through the middle of the toroidal magnetic core 101. One end of the excitation coil 103 is grounded via a resistor 108, and the other end is connected to an amplifier 107 via an excitation circuit 105 and a synchronous detection circuit 106.

[0075] Magnetic materials generally exhibit an S-shaped curve characteristic, known as a hysteresis loop, such as... Figure 5 As shown. This hysteresis loop curve is established on the B-H coordinate axis and is a hysteresis curve diagram of a magnetic material, representing the nonlinear magnetization period generated under the periodic excitation of the measured current signal. Figure 5 The figure shows a core with a typical hysteresis curve. If the curve starts at point a, which represents the maximum positive magnetization, the magnetization becomes zero at point b, then drops to point c, which represents the maximum negative magnetization, then to point d, where the magnetization becomes zero again, and finally returns to point a, which represents the maximum positive magnetization, this is the entire magnetic cycle.

[0076] like Figure 6 The diagram shows the hysteresis loop of a high-permeability, low-coercivity magnetic core. When a current component is added to the magnetic core conductor, the magnetic field generated by the current causes the center line of the originally symmetrical BH hysteresis loop to shift to the right, becoming as shown below. Figure 7 The curve shown is the BH curve of a high-u magnetic ring with DC applied, where the excitation magnetic field strength is assumed to be: H m By cosωt, we can obtain the total magnetic field strength on the magnetically modulated core as follows:

[0077] (1);

[0078] In the above formula (1):

[0079] H0 — the strength of the magnetic field being measured;

[0080] H m —To determine the amplitude of the excitation magnetic field strength;

[0081] ω — the angular frequency of the excitation field.

[0082] The induced electromotive force in the detection coil is then detected as follows:

[0083] (2);

[0084] In the above formula (2):

[0085] N — the number of turns in the winding coil;

[0086] S—the cross-sectional area of ​​the toroidal magnetic core;

[0087] u Td — represents the differential permeability of the core material.

[0088] According to the magnetic saturation property, when H0=0, H(t)= H m cosωt, under magnetic saturation, the magnetic flux density is:

[0089] (3);

[0090] In the above formula (3): Ba is the intercept of the extension of the saturation segment of the magnetization curve on the B axis. Obviously, B(t) is a flat-topped wave that is symmetrical about the time axis. According to Fourier series analysis, it contains only odd harmonics and no even harmonics.

[0091] When the external magnetic field H0≠0, H(t) = H0 + Hm cosωt, and the expression for B(t) is:

[0092] (4);

[0093] At this point, B(t) becomes an asymmetrical flat-top wave. According to Fourier series analysis, it contains not only odd harmonics but also even harmonics. As shown in Equation 2, E(t) and B(t) should contain similar waveform components. Therefore, the magnetic field B0 generated by the external DC can be detected based on the asymmetry of the amplitude of E(t) during the excitation period, thereby achieving the purpose of measuring the current.

[0094] The entire process can be summarized as follows: When the magnetically modulated current sensor is working, an alternating current with a fixed frequency and waveform is applied to the excitation coil for magnetic excitation, causing the magnetic core to reciprocate and reach saturation. When there is no magnetic field generated by the measured current, the induced electromotive force output by the detection coil contains only odd harmonics of the excitation waveform, and the waveform is symmetrical in both positive and negative half-cycles. When there is an external DC measured magnetic field, both a DC magnetic field and an excitation alternating magnetic field exist simultaneously in the magnetic core. The DC measured magnetic field causes the excitation field to cause the magnetic core to reach saturation earlier in the first half-cycle, while delaying saturation in the other half-cycle. This results in an asymmetry between the positive and negative half-cycles within the excitation cycle, causing an amplitude difference in the output voltage curve. This amplitude difference is proportional to the magnetic field generated by the measured current; therefore, the amplitude difference can be used to detect the current passing through the magnetic ring.

[0095] The cross-sectional view of the micro DC sensor structure of this utility model is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, a coil is wound around a rectangular toroidal magnetic core. This winding serves as both the excitation coil and the measuring winding. The conductor carrying the current to be measured passes through the center of the magnetic core. Its specific structure includes:

[0096] The system comprises: 1. Detection coil; 2. Semi-annular lower closing magnetic core; 3. Lower closing protective shell; 5. Signal amplification and detection circuit board; 6. Signal lead; 7. Opening and closing pin assembly; 8. Upper closing protective shell; 9. Semi-annular upper closing magnetic core; 10. Opening and closing locking assembly; and 4. Threading ring.

[0097] The semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 and the signal amplification and detection circuit board 5 are respectively disposed inside the lower protective shell 3;

[0098] The detection coil 1 is wound around both ends of the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 and electrically connected to the signal amplification and detection circuit board 5. The signal amplification and detection circuit board 5 includes a PCB circuit board 51, a zero-adjustment rheostat 52, and a frequency selective amplifier 53. The zero-adjustment rheostat 52 is electrically connected to the frequency selective amplifier 53 on the PCB circuit board 51. One end of the detection coil 1 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the frequency selective amplifier 53, which amplifies the input signal. The other end of the detection coil 1 is grounded through the zero-adjustment rheostat 52, and the zero-crossing point of the frequency selective amplifier can be adjusted by the zero-adjustment rheostat.

[0099] One end of the signal lead 6 is electrically connected to the signal amplification and detection circuit board 5, and the other end extends to the outside of the lower protective shell 3;

[0100] The semi-annular upper magnetic core 9 is disposed inside the upper protective shell 8;

[0101] One side of the upper housing 8 is hinged to one side of the lower housing 3 via the opening and closing pin assembly 7, and the other side is provided with an opening and closing locking assembly 10, which can be freely opened and closed along the hinge part on the lower housing 3. In the locked state, it can be locked on the lower housing 3 by the opening and closing locking assembly 10. After locking, the two ends of the opening of the semi-annular upper magnetic core 9 and the two ends of the opening of the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 are in relative contact to form a closed magnetic ring.

[0102] The hollow portion of the semi-annular upper magnetic core 9 and the semi-annular lower magnetic core 2 that form a closed magnetic ring is provided with a threading loop 4 for the monitored wire to pass through.

[0103] Example 2

[0104] This embodiment provides a railway turnout operation timing monitoring system, the system being configured as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, it includes: a non-contact micro DC sensor, a data acquisition unit, and a communication unit. The communication unit can interface with a centralized signal monitoring system or other systems and send real-time turnout relay status data to the monitoring or external system according to the interface communication protocol.

[0105] The core of the acquisition unit is responsible for processing the received sensor information. Using existing dynamic approximation algorithms, it analyzes and judges the preset target threshold and the point-by-point read data segments, and generates corresponding alarm information based on the data processing results. Its acquisition principle is described in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 .

[0106] In summary, the advantages of this invention are: it eliminates the need to disconnect the tested circuit; an online-mounted through-core sensor is installed to read the excitation current of the relay coil or the current flowing through the contacts when the turnout operates, thereby mapping the timing relationship of the turnout's combined operation. This invention can stably and accurately acquire the milliampere-level DC excitation current of the turnout relay, thus ensuring the reliability of judging the relay's operating state. The magnetic core in this invention uses a specific type of alloy material with extremely high permeability, extremely low coercivity, and low saturation magnetic induction. This design has strong anti-interference capabilities, stable performance, and high accuracy, enabling stable and reliable operation in the complex electromagnetic environment of a machine room. Non-contact measurement is convenient, fast, safe, and reliable.

[0107] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims. The information disclosed in the background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background technology of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or implication in any way that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A non-contact micro DC sensor, characterized by, The application relates to a non-contact micro-DC sensor, and relates to a non-contact micro-DC sensor, a signal amplification detection circuit board, a signal lead, an opening and closing pin shaft assembly, an upper combined protective shell, a semi-ring type upper combined magnetic core, an opening and closing locking assembly and a threaded ring. The semi-ring type lower combined magnetic core and the signal amplification detection circuit board are arranged in the lower combined protective shell. The detection coil is arranged at the two ends of the semi-ring type lower combined magnetic core and is electrically connected with the signal amplification detection circuit board. One end of the signal lead is electrically connected with the signal amplification detection circuit board, and the other end extends out of the lower combined protective shell. The semi-ring type upper combined magnetic core is arranged in the upper combined protective shell. One side of the upper combined protective shell is hingedly connected with one side of the lower combined protective shell, and the other side is provided with the opening and closing locking assembly. The opening and closing locking assembly can be used to lock the upper combined protective shell on the lower combined protective shell. The opening and closing threaded ring is arranged in the hollow part of the semi-ring type upper combined magnetic core and the semi-ring type lower combined magnetic core.

2. The non-contact micro-DC sensor according to claim 1, wherein The signal amplification detection circuit board comprises a PCB circuit board, a zero-adjusting variable resistor and a frequency selection amplifier. The zero-adjusting variable resistor and the frequency selection amplifier are electrically connected on the PCB circuit board. One end of the detection coil is electrically connected with the input end of the frequency selection amplifier.

3. The non-contact micro-DC sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The other end of the detection coil is grounded through the zero-adjusting variable resistor.

4. The non-contact micro-DC sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The signal amplification detection circuit board is arranged below the semi-ring type lower combined magnetic core in the lower combined protective shell.

5. The noncontact microdc sensor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The opening and closing threaded ring comprises an upper threaded ring and a lower threaded ring.

6. The noncontact microdc sensor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein One side of the upper combined protective shell is hingedly connected with one side of the lower combined protective shell through the opening and closing pin shaft assembly.

7. The noncontact microdc sensor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The semi-ring type lower combined magnetic core and the semi-ring type upper combined magnetic core are both U-shaped structures.

8. A railway switch timing sequence monitoring system, characterized by, The semi-ring type lower combined magnetic core and the semi-ring type upper combined magnetic core adopt corresponding concave-convex laminated gold finger structures. The application relates to a non-contact micro-DC sensor, and relates to a non-contact micro-DC sensor, at least one acquisition unit and a communication extension. Each acquisition unit is in communication connection with the communication extension and can be in communication connection with an external monitoring station through the communication extension. Each acquisition unit is connected with at least two non-contact micro DC sensors, each of which is sleeved on a wire connected with a real-time turnout relay in a non-contact manner, can acquire the current of the wire connected with the real-time turnout relay in a non-contact manner, and analyzes and judges the preset target threshold and the point-by-point reading data segment through an existing dynamic approximation algorithm, completes processing, and sends the processed result signal to a monitoring station machine through a communication extension.

9. The railway switch timing monitoring system of claim 8, wherein, The target threshold is a mathematical model of a signal amplitude of each monitoring loop satisfying an expected error threshold, which is derived from a large number of signal processing and signal change trend collection after filtering, signal regression and related processing of the collected DC current.

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