Hydrogen leakage disposal system for aircraft

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrogen leakage disposal system for an airplane, which belongs to the technical field of airplane hydrogen safety and comprises a hydrogen leakage detection unit, a signal processing unit, a control unit, a passive ventilation unit and an inert gas control unit. The hydrogen leakage detection unit and the passive ventilation unit are arranged on a cabin wall plate right above a hydrogen leakage danger area; the inert gas control unit is arranged right below the hydrogen leakage danger area; the hydrogen leakage detection unit is connected with the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit is connected with the control unit, and the control unit is connected with the inert gas control unit and the passive ventilation unit; according to the system, the mode that the cabin space is filled with inert gas replaces the mode that a traditional fire extinguisher extinguishes fire points, the system is suitable for the situation that the hydrogen leakage position in a large space is unknown, the detection, alarm and disposal functions can be achieved in the flight process and the ground operation process of an aircraft, and the safety of hydrogen use of the aircraft can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of aircraft hydrogen safety technology, and in particular relates to a hydrogen leak handling system for aircraft. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen is a clean and renewable energy source with high energy density. Elemental hydrogen molecules have low density, are easily diffused, and are highly reducing and flammable. These unique properties make its storage technically challenging and prone to leakage, posing an explosion hazard. To accommodate large quantities of hydrogen, hydrogen-carrying aircraft, especially those fueled by liquid hydrogen, require hydrogen storage devices and delivery systems that maintain a cryogenic or high-pressure internal environment. This further increases the risk of hydrogen leakage, thus necessitating practical devices or systems to mitigate these risks. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention discloses a hydrogen leak handling system for aircraft.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A hydrogen leak handling system for an aircraft, the system comprising: a hydrogen leak detection unit, a signal processing unit, a control unit, a passive ventilation unit, and an inert gas control unit;

[0006] The hydrogen leak detection unit and passive ventilation unit are located on the cabin wall panel directly above the hydrogen leak hazard zone; the inert gas control unit is located directly below the hydrogen leak hazard zone.

[0007] The hydrogen leak detection unit is connected to the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit is connected to the control unit, and the control unit is connected to the inert gas control unit and the passive ventilation unit.

[0008] The hydrogen leak detection unit is used to detect hydrogen leaks in the hydrogen leak hazard zone; the signal processing unit is used to receive and analyze hydrogen leak signals; the control unit controls the opening and closing of the ventilation openings of the passive ventilation unit according to the control signals sent by the signal processing unit, and simultaneously controls the release of inert gas in the inert gas release unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydrogen leak detection unit includes multiple hydrogen leak detectors.

[0010] Furthermore, the signal processing unit includes a signal processor.

[0011] Furthermore, the control unit includes a passive ventilation controller and an inert gas release controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the passive ventilation unit includes passive ventilation openings.

[0013] Furthermore, the inert gas control unit includes an inert gas storage tank, a flow regulating valve, a release pipe, and an inert gas outlet. The outlet of the inert gas storage tank is connected to the release pipe through the flow regulating valve, and the release pipe is provided with multiple inert gas outlets at intervals.

[0014] Furthermore, there are two inert gas storage tanks, which are connected to the two ends of the release pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, the release tube includes multiple bends in the horizontal direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the signal processor is connected to the alarm.

[0017] Furthermore, the control unit includes a controller panel, and the control panel is equipped with manual operation buttons.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] This invention replaces the traditional fire extinguisher method of targeting the fire point with an inert gas-filled cabin space, making it suitable for situations where the location of flammable material leaks is unknown in large spaces. Through passive ventilation, the hydrogen-air mixture is discharged to the outside of the aircraft under the influence of a pressure gradient, eliminating the conditions for hydrogen combustion. During flight, the pressure gradient mainly comes from the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the aircraft. When running on the ground, the release of inert gas causes a pressure gradient between the inside and outside of the cabin. This system can also input operational control commands to the controller through a signal processor or manual input, making it more flexible in actual use. This invention sets up sensors at locations where hydrogen is prone to accumulate to detect hydrogen leaks and combustion, enabling timely detection and alarm of hydrogen leaks and fires.

[0020] This system can effectively detect hydrogen leaks and accumulations in aircraft cabins and alert the crew. Upon detection of a hydrogen leak, it can inertize the cabin by releasing inert gas to reduce the hydrogen concentration. The mixture of hydrogen and cabin air can be exhausted from the cabin through passive ventilation to prevent hydrogen accumulation and eliminate the conditions for hydrogen deflagration. This system can perform the above detection, alarm, and response functions both during aircraft flight and ground operation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen leak handling system for an aircraft according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gas route in a hydrogen leak handling system for aircraft, according to this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a hydrogen leak handling system for an aircraft includes: a hydrogen leak detection unit 1, a signal processing unit 2, a control unit 3, a passive ventilation unit 4, and an inert gas control unit.

[0028] The hydrogen leak detection unit 1 and the passive ventilation unit 4 are installed on the cabin wall panel directly above the hydrogen leak hazard zone; the inert gas control unit is installed directly below the hydrogen leak hazard zone.

[0029] The hydrogen leak detection unit 1 is connected to the signal processing unit 2, the signal processing unit 2 is connected to the control unit 3, and the control unit 3 is connected to the inert gas control unit and the passive ventilation unit 4.

[0030] The hydrogen leak detection unit 1 is used to detect hydrogen leaks in the hydrogen leak hazard zone; the signal processing unit 2 is used to receive and analyze hydrogen leak signals; the control unit 3 controls the opening and closing of the ventilation openings of the passive ventilation unit 4 according to the control signals sent by the signal processing unit 2, and simultaneously controls the release of inert gas in the inert gas release unit.

[0031] Furthermore, the hydrogen leak detection unit includes multiple hydrogen leak detectors.

[0032] Furthermore, the signal processing unit includes a signal processor.

[0033] Furthermore, the control unit includes a passive ventilation controller and an inert gas release controller.

[0034] Furthermore, the passive ventilation unit includes passive ventilation openings.

[0035] Furthermore, the inert gas control unit includes an inert gas storage tank 5, a flow regulating valve 6, a release pipe 7, and an inert gas outlet 8. The outlet of the inert gas storage tank 5 is connected to the release pipe 7 through the flow regulating valve 6, and the release pipe 7 is provided with multiple inert gas outlets 8 at intervals.

[0036] Furthermore, there are two inert gas storage tanks, which are connected to the two ends of the release pipe 7.

[0037] Furthermore, the release tube 7 includes multiple bends in the horizontal direction. The bends in the horizontal direction of the release tube can increase the horizontal release area of ​​the inert gas.

[0038] Furthermore, the signal processor is connected to the alarm.

[0039] Furthermore, the control unit includes a controller panel, and the control panel is equipped with manual operation buttons.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] The hydrogen leak handling system mainly includes a hydrogen leak detection unit 1, a signal processing unit 2, a system control unit 3, a passive ventilation device 4, and an inert gas storage unit, which includes a storage tank 5, a flow regulating valve 6, an inert gas release pipeline 7, and an inert gas outlet 8.

[0042] Installation relationship of system units and components

[0043] The hydrogen leak detection unit 1 is installed in the area of ​​the target chamber where hydrogen is prone to accumulate. It transmits signals to the signal processing unit 2 via a line, where the signals are converted into hydrogen concentration data. The signal processing unit transmits the hydrogen concentration data to the outside of the system for concentration monitoring and leak alarm, and to the control unit 3 via another line. The control unit 3 is connected to the inert gas storage unit and the passive ventilation unit 4 via a signal transmission line to control the release of inert gas and the ventilation at the top of the chamber. This is achieved by adjusting the inert gas flow regulating valve 6 and the opening of the passive ventilation vents at the top of the chamber. The inert gas storage unit is connected to the inert gas release pipeline 7 via the inert gas flow regulating valve 6 to form a gas passage. The inert gas release pipeline 7 is equipped with one or more inert gas outlets 8.

[0044] The working process of this utility model system includes:

[0045] The first step is for the hydrogen leak detection unit 1 to detect the hydrogen concentration and transmit the signal to the signal processing unit 2;

[0046] The second step is for the signal processing unit 2 to process and analyze the received signal and determine whether the hydrogen concentration exceeds the safety threshold, and then send the signal to the control unit 3.

[0047] Third, the control unit 3 controls the opening degree of the passive ventilation port of the passive ventilation unit 4 and the opening and closing of the inert gas flow regulating valve 6 according to the received instructions.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] The hydrogen leak detection unit 1 is used to detect the hydrogen concentration and transmit the signal to the signal processing unit 2 in real time for processing and analysis to form a hydrogen concentration parameter. When this parameter exceeds the preset threshold, the signal processing unit 2 sends an alarm signal to the outside of the system and sends a hydrogen concentration exceeding the standard signal to the control unit 3.

[0050] Upon receiving a hydrogen concentration exceeding the limit signal from outside the system or the signal processing unit, the control unit controls the inert gas storage tank 5 to release inert gas. Based on the degree of concentration exceeding the limit, the control unit adjusts the inert gas flow rate and the opening of the passive ventilation vents in the passive ventilation unit 4 via the inert gas flow regulating valve 6. The inert gas from the inert gas storage tank 5 passes through the gas flow regulating valve 6 and the inert gas release pipeline 7, and is released into the compartment through the inert gas outlet 8. The air-hydrogen mixture, under the influence of the pressure gradient, is discharged to the outside of the compartment through the passive ventilation unit 4.

[0051] Once the hydrogen concentration has been reduced to a safe level, the inert gas flow rate is reduced or the release of inert gas is stopped, and the passive ventilation system is opened less or completely shut off.

[0052] Taking compressed nitrogen as an inert gas as an example, the gas path is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0053] The technical effects achieved by this system include:

[0054] 1. It can effectively detect hydrogen leaks and accumulations inside the aircraft cabin and alert the crew;

[0055] 2. Upon discovering a hydrogen leak, the chamber will be inerted by releasing inert gas to reduce the hydrogen concentration.

[0056] 3. The mixture of hydrogen and cabin air is exhausted from the engine room through a passive ventilation system to prevent hydrogen accumulation and eliminate the conditions for hydrogen deflagration.

[0057] 4. The above functions are effective during both in-flight and ground operations.

[0058] Key aspects of this system include:

[0059] 1. The method of filling the cabin space with inert gas replaces the traditional fire extinguisher method of targeting the fire point, which is suitable for situations where the location of flammable material leakage is unknown in large spaces;

[0060] 2. Through passive ventilation, the mixture of hydrogen and air is discharged to the outside of the aircraft under the influence of pressure gradient, eliminating the conditions for hydrogen combustion. During flight, the pressure gradient mainly comes from the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the aircraft. When running on the ground, the release of inert gas causes a pressure gradient between the inside and outside of the cabin.

[0061] 3. Operation control commands can be input to the controller through either a signal processor or manual input;

[0062] 4. Sensors can be installed at locations where hydrogen is prone to accumulate to detect hydrogen leaks and combustion, enabling the detection and alarm of hydrogen leaks and fires.

[0063] Therefore, this system is more effective and safer than traditional security measures, and is of great significance for the safe use of hydrogen in aircraft.

[0064] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydrogen leak disposal system for an aircraft, characterized by, The system comprises a hydrogen leakage detection unit, a signal processing unit, a control unit, a passive ventilation unit and an inert gas control unit. The hydrogen leakage detection unit and the passive ventilation unit are arranged on the cabin wall plate directly above the hydrogen leakage danger zone, and the inert gas control unit is arranged directly below the hydrogen leakage danger zone. The hydrogen leakage detection unit is connected with the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit is connected with the control unit, and the control unit is connected with the inert gas control unit and the passive ventilation unit. The hydrogen leakage detection unit is used to detect hydrogen leakage in the hydrogen leakage danger zone, the signal processing unit is used to receive and analyze hydrogen leakage signals, and the control unit controls the opening and closing of the ventilation port of the passive ventilation unit and the release of inert gas in the inert gas release unit according to the control signals sent by the signal processing unit.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen leakage detection unit comprises a plurality of hydrogen leakage detectors.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein, The signal processing unit comprises a signal processor.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein, The control unit comprises a passive ventilation controller and an inert gas release controller.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein, The passive ventilation unit comprises a passive ventilation port.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein, The inert gas control unit comprises an inert gas storage tank, a flow regulating valve, a release pipe and inert gas outlets, the outlet of the inert gas storage tank is connected with the release pipe through the flow regulating valve, and a plurality of inert gas outlets are arranged at intervals on the release pipe.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein, The inert gas storage tank is two, and the two inert gas storage tanks are connected at both ends of the release pipe.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein, The release pipe includes a plurality of bends in the horizontal direction.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein, The signal processor is connected with an alarm.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein, The control unit comprises a controller panel, and the controller panel is provided with a manual operation button.

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