Magnetic-gravity combined cascade sorting machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a magnetic-gravity combined cascade sorting machine which is provided with two functional parts, namely a sorting conical surface and a magnetic pole conical surface, three gradients of a weak magnetic pole (the magnetic field intensity is smaller than or equal to 600 Gs), a middle magnetic pole (the magnetic field intensity is about 2000 Gs) and a strong magnetic pole (the magnetic field intensity is about 6000 Gs) are arranged on the conical surface, a gravity separation belt of about 50-100 mm is kept between every two gradients, and ore grains achieve magnetic separation and gravity separation cascade separation under the action of gravity, water medium acting force, magnetic field acting force and the like. Mineral grains are separated in a stepped manner, so that the magnetic influence of strong magnetic minerals on weak magnetic minerals in a magnetic saturation state is avoided, and magnetic gangue minerals entering concentrates are reduced. The ore grains are separated in a low magnetic field, and the problem of magnetic agglomeration inclusion of gangue minerals is solved. By controlling the ore pulp concentration, the rinsing water flow, the distance between the separation conical surface and the magnetic pole sector, the operation speed of the separation conical surface and other process parameters, the effects of magnetic-gravity combination and cascade separation of ore grains on the separation conical surface are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of sorting equipment technology, specifically relating to a magnetic gravity combined cascade sorting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Although China has large iron ore reserves, they are mainly low-grade ore, with overall low grade and complex ore types. To meet the needs of domestic steel companies, most iron ore requires further beneficiation and processing after mining to meet the requirements of blast furnace smelting. Iron ore beneficiation and processing typically includes methods such as gravity separation, magnetic separation, and flotation. Gravity separation and magnetic separation are the most common methods, as they are simple in principle and low in cost. Magnetic separation, in particular, is widely used for the separation and recovery of iron ore.

[0003] Gravity separation utilizes the differences in mineral specific gravity and their varying settling velocities in a medium. It separates minerals by altering the speed, direction, and path of particle movement within the medium. Methods include sluice box separation, jigging, shaking table separation, heavy media separation, centrifugal separation, and washing. These methods are suitable for processing materials with significant differences in specific gravity. However, for ores with complex compositions and finely distributed mineral particles, grinding reduces particle size, making the influence of the medium's forces on the particle speed, direction, and path more significant than the particle specific gravity. This results in lower processing efficiency and increased loss of valuable minerals in the tailings.

[0004] Magnetic separation utilizes the differences in the magnetic properties of minerals. It separates minerals by applying magnetic force within a magnetic field. Based on the differences in magnetic strength, methods include weak magnetic separation, medium magnetic separation, and strong magnetic separation. It is suitable for magnetic ferrous metal minerals (such as iron, manganese, and chromium), as well as non-ferrous and rare metals (such as tungsten and tantalum). During magnetic separation, magnetic minerals undergo magnetic aggregation under magnetization, forming "magnetic chains" or "magnetic clusters." These "magnetic chains" or "magnetic clusters" then undergo magnetic flipping under the influence of alternating magnetic poles. Non-magnetic minerals that were trapped within these clusters are dislodged by the force of the beneficiation medium during this magnetic flipping process, thus achieving the separation of magnetic and non-magnetic minerals.

[0005] However, the ore contains a variety of magnetic minerals, including ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, and paramagnetic minerals, with varying magnetic susceptibility. Furthermore, strongly magnetic minerals have a significant impact on the magnetic properties of weakly magnetic minerals when in a magnetically saturated state. Even after magnetic separation, the concentrate still contains certain magnetic gangue minerals such as chlorite, amphibole, olivine, and garnet. This is especially true for iron ores with mixed strong and weak magnetic properties, artificially reduced and roasted magnetite, pyrolusite, and diaspore, as well as for the recovery of iron ore flotation tailings, where it is difficult to achieve comprehensive and effective separation between minerals. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined magnetic and gravity separation staged separator for fine-grained iron ore, iron ore with strong and weak magnetic mixing, artificially magnetized and reduced roasted magnetite, various manganese ores, and the re-selection and recovery of iron ore flotation tailings. By controlling process parameters such as slurry concentration, rinsing water flow rate, distance between the separation cone and the magnetic pole fan, and the operating speed of the separation cone, the mineral particles achieve the effect of combined magnetic and gravity separation and staged separation on the separation cone.

[0007] A magnetic gravity combined cascade separator, comprising a drive motor, a separation cone, a magnetic pole cone, a frame structure, a rinsing water medium branch pipe, an unloading water medium branch pipe, an ore receiving trough, and a slurry mixing tank;

[0008] The drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the frame structure, the motor shaft of the drive motor is vertically upward, and a reducer is connected to the motor shaft;

[0009] The sorting cone is disc-shaped with the cone protruding upwards. It is located in the middle of the frame structure and is connected to the reducer drive shaft. The drive motor drives the sorting cone to rotate.

[0010] The magnetic pole cone is the same size as the sorting cone and is located directly below the sorting cone. The magnetic pole cone is designed with a stepped magnetic field of different magnetic field strengths, divided into three gradients: weak magnetic pole, medium magnetic pole, and strong magnetic pole. Each magnetic pole is kept at a distance of more than 50~100mm.

[0011] The rinsing water medium branch pipe is located above the sorting cone surface and is a ring-shaped water pipe with numerous outlets to achieve rinsing of the sorted minerals at different positions on the sorting cone surface; the ore unloading water branch pipe is located above the sorting cone surface and is an arc-shaped water pipe with outlets.

[0012] The receiving trough is located below the magnetic pole cone surface and includes three receiving troughs with a fan-shaped cross-section. The three receiving troughs are combined into a barrel shape; they respectively receive the concentrate, middlings and tailings after mineral separation on the separation cone surface.

[0013] The slurry mixing tank is fixed to the top of the support structure, and the slurry outlet is located at the bottom of the slurry mixing tank. A slurry flow control valve is installed at the slurry outlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the magnetic pole cone surface is designed with circular holes through which magnetic pole sheets are installed.

[0015] Furthermore, the weak magnetic poles are achieved by alternating N and S poles of ferrite magnetic sheets with a magnetic field strength of 1500 Gs; the medium magnetic poles are achieved by alternating N and S poles of neodymium iron boron magnetic sheets; and the strong magnetic poles are achieved by alternating and superimposed N and S poles of neodymium iron boron magnetic sheets.

[0016] Furthermore, an adjusting screw is installed between the magnetic pole cone surface and the frame structure, and the adjusting screw is used to adjust the height of the magnetic pole cone surface.

[0017] The advantages of this invention are as follows: Under the combined force of gravity, washing water impact, centrifugal force, and magnetic field force, magnetic minerals with different magnetic permeabilities change their motion state on the sorting cone surface due to the magnetic field force, thus achieving separation between magnetic minerals and between magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals. Through combined magnetic and gravity separation, strongly magnetic minerals below 600 Gs and weakly magnetic minerals below 6000 Gs change their motion state, thereby enabling separation and recovery.

[0018] Compared to traditional magnetic separators, the magnetic field force is significantly reduced, solving the problem of magnetic agglomeration and inclusion of gangue minerals in the concentrate during the beneficiation process, thus improving the quality of the beneficiated products. The tiered separation of mineral particles avoids the magnetic influence of strongly magnetic minerals on weakly magnetic minerals under magnetic saturation, reducing the entry of gangue minerals with a certain degree of magnetism into the concentrate. It also enables the simultaneous separation of mixed strongly and weakly magnetic ores using a single device. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the device of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic pole arrangement of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the branch pipe for the rinsing water medium;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the branch pipe for unloading ore water medium;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the ore receiving bin;

[0025] In the diagram: 1-Drive motor; 2-Sorting cone surface; 3-Magnetic pole cone surface; 4-Frame structure; 5-Rinse water medium branch pipe; 6-Unloading water medium branch pipe; 7-Ore receiving trough; 8-Ore slurry mixing tank. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0027] like Figure 1-6As shown, a magnetic-gravity combined cascade separator employs a drive motor 1 connected to a sorting cone 2 via a reducer. The bottom angle of the sorting cone 2 is designed to be between 10° and 45°, and the cone 2 is made of stainless steel or other materials unaffected by magnetic fields. The magnetic pole cone 3 has the same shape and size as the sorting cone 2, but its apex is designed as a circular hole of a certain size, through which the rotation axis of the sorting cone 2 is connected to the reducer. The magnetic pole cone 3 is designed with three magnetic field zones: a weak magnetic field, a medium magnetic field, and a strong magnetic field, with a distance of 50-100mm or more between each zone as a gravity separation zone. The rinsing water medium branch pipe 5 is connected to four arc-shaped spray pipes positioned directly above the apex of the sorting cone, allowing rinsing water to flow across the entire cone surface. Regulating valves are installed on the spray pipes to control the rinsing water flow rate at different positions on the cone surface. The unloading ore water branch pipe 6 is equipped with regulating valves to control the unloading ore water volume. The receiving trough 7 is a circular receiving trough, located directly below the sorting cone 2. Three receiving troughs are arranged within the circular trough, with a sloping bottom to prevent material blockage and ore accumulation. The slurry mixing tank 8 is located directly above the sorting cone, with the slurry outlet flowing to the side of the sorting cone with magnetic poles. The frame structure 4 mainly supports the drive motor 1, the magnetic pole cone 3, the rinsing water medium branch pipe 5, the unloading water branch pipe 6, the receiving trough 7, and other components.

[0028] When using this equipment, stir the slurry in the mixing tank 8 evenly, start the drive motor 1 and adjust the running speed of the sorting cone 2 on the speed controller. By controlling the slurry concentration, rinsing water flow rate, distance between the sorting cone and the magnetic pole fan, and the running speed of the sorting cone, the mineral particles can achieve the effect of magnetic gravity combination and step-by-step sorting on the sorting cone.

Claims

1. A magnetic-gravity combined cascade sorting machine, characterized in that, The magnetic gravity combined cascade separator includes a drive motor, a sorting cone surface, a magnetic pole cone surface, a frame structure, a rinsing water medium branch pipe, an unloading water medium branch pipe, an ore receiving trough, and a slurry mixing tank. The drive motor is fixed to the bottom of the frame structure, the motor shaft of the drive motor is vertically upward, and a reducer is connected to the motor shaft; The sorting cone is disc-shaped with the cone protruding upwards. It is located in the middle of the frame structure and is connected to the reducer drive shaft. The drive motor drives the sorting cone to rotate. The magnetic pole cone is the same size as the sorting cone and is located directly below the sorting cone. The magnetic pole cone is designed with a stepped magnetic field of different magnetic field strengths, divided into three gradients: weak magnetic pole, medium magnetic pole, and strong magnetic pole. Each magnetic pole is kept at a distance of more than 50~100mm. The rinsing water medium branch pipe is located above the sorting cone surface and is a ring-shaped water pipe with numerous outlets to achieve rinsing of the sorted minerals at different positions on the sorting cone surface; the ore unloading water branch pipe is located above the sorting cone surface and is an arc-shaped water pipe with outlets. The receiving trough is located below the magnetic pole cone surface and includes three receiving troughs with a fan-shaped cross-section. The three receiving troughs are combined into a barrel shape; they respectively receive the concentrate, middlings and tailings after mineral separation on the separation cone surface. The slurry mixing tank is fixed to the top of the support structure, and the slurry outlet is located at the bottom of the slurry mixing tank. A slurry flow control valve is installed at the slurry outlet.

2. The magnetic gravity combined cascade sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic pole cone surface is designed with a circular hole through which the magnetic pole sheet is installed.

3. The magnetic gravity combined cascade sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weak magnetic poles are achieved by alternating N and S poles of ferrite magnetic sheets with a magnetic field strength of 1500 Gs; the medium magnetic poles are achieved by alternating N and S poles of neodymium iron boron magnetic sheets. The strong magnetic poles are made of neodymium iron boron magnetic sheets with alternating N and S poles and stacked and extruded.

4. The magnetic gravity combined cascade sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjusting screw is installed between the magnetic pole cone and the frame structure. The adjusting screw is used to adjust the height of the magnetic pole cone.

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