Artificial aquatic plant-based algal-bacterial symbiotic carrier

Abstract

The utility model provides a bacteria-algae symbiotic carrier based on artificial aquatic plants, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration. The algal-bacterial symbiotic carrier comprises rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants and microporous aeration membrane bundles filled in the rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants; the rope-shaped artificial aquatic plant comprises a hollow central pipe and leaflet velvet fibers annularly arranged outside the central pipe; the central pipe is filled with a microporous aeration membrane bundle; and the leaflet velvet fiber rings are spirally ascended around the central tube or are arranged at intervals. The algal-bacterial symbiotic carrier is put into the black and odorous water body, the aeration assembly conveys oxygen through the microporous aeration membrane bundle, and a bacterial membrane is formed on the surface of the central tube; and the aquatic algae are attached and grow on the surfaces of the leaflet velvet fibers. According to the utility model, external fibers beneficial to the attachment and growth of aquatic algae are provided, and a micro AO system consisting of an aerobic bacteria layer and a facultative or anaerobic bacteria layer is gradually formed on the surface of the central tube under the condition that the microporous aeration membrane supplies oxygen, so that the degradation efficiency of pollutants is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of ecological restoration technology, and specifically relates to a bacterial-algae symbiotic carrier based on artificial aquatic plants. Background Technology

[0002] In many rivers and lakes, excessive levels of organic and inorganic pollutants lead to black and odorous water bodies. Treatment of black and odorous water bodies generally utilizes physical, chemical, biological, and ecological methods to reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the aquatic environment, or to render them completely harmless. Physical methods typically include sediment dredging, environmental water diversion, and artificial aeration. Sediment dredging removes sediment with attached pollutants, reducing pollutant deposition in the river. Its disadvantage is its high cost and significant consumption of manpower and resources. Environmental water diversion, also known as water exchange and dilution, dilutes the concentration of pollutants in the existing water body through water diversion projects. This method can impact surrounding water systems, potentially carrying pollutants to other areas. Artificial aeration technology improves the "oxygen-deficient" state caused by water pollution by artificially supplying oxygen, enhancing the water body's self-purification capacity. This method is not entirely suitable for all polluted rivers and is limited by water environment conditions and river hydraulic conditions. Chemical methods utilize chemical reactions to accelerate the separation of pollutants from the water, thereby improving water quality. Common methods include flocculation and sedimentation, chemical algae removal, and heavy metal fixation. Chemical substances themselves are a source of pollution, and a single application of chemical agents poses a risk of secondary pollution to the aquatic ecosystem. Chemical methods are generally suitable as emergency measures and not for long-term use. Biological methods utilize the exchange of matter and energy between aquatic plants and microorganisms during their growth and reproduction to consume pollutants. Bioremediation is an artificially enhanced ecological succession process, offering advantages such as ecological harmony and low risk of secondary pollution, but its effects are relatively slower.

[0003] Among current ecological restoration methods, rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants are widely used due to their low cost, readily available raw materials, and simple installation. Rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants mainly consist of a central rope and synthetic fibers wrapped around it, forming a carrier for aquatic algae and microorganisms to attach to. After being assembled with aeration components and placed in the water, a large number of aquatic algae and microorganisms attach to the surface, forming a biofilm that adsorbs, bio-oxidizes, and degrades pollutants, thereby removing suspended solids, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other pollutants from the water.

[0004] However, existing artificial aquatic plants are not conducive to microbial attachment, resulting in a long biofilm formation period and easy biofilm detachment. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a bacterial-algae symbiotic carrier based on artificial aquatic plants, aiming to solve at least one of the technical problems in the background art.

[0006] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0007] The bacterial-algae symbiotic carrier based on artificial aquatic plants includes rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants and microporous aeration membrane bundles filled inside the rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants.

[0008] Rope-like artificial aquatic plants consist of a hollow central tube and leaf-like fibers arranged in a ring around the outside of the central tube;

[0009] The central tube is filled with the microporous aeration membrane bundle;

[0010] The leaf-like fibrous rings spiral upwards or are spaced apart around the central tube;

[0011] The upper end of the microporous aeration membrane bundle of the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundle is sealed, and the lower end is connected to the aeration component.

[0012] Preferably, the material of the microporous aeration membrane bundle is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polypropylene (PP), or polyethersulfone (PES) or polyacrylonitrile (PAN).

[0013] Preferably, the microporous aeration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane.

[0014] Preferably, the microporous aeration membrane bundle is composed of at least one membrane filament, and the total outer diameter of the microporous aeration membrane bundle matches the inner diameter of the central tube.

[0015] Preferably, the microporous aeration membrane bundle is composed of 3 to 6 membrane filaments; the outer diameter of the membrane filaments is 0.1 mm to 10 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the material of the central tube is polyester or polypropylene yarn.

[0017] Preferably, the material of the leaf-like fibers is hydrophilic polyester filament;

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This utility model uses a microporous aeration membrane and rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants to form a symbiotic system of bacteria and algae, which can effectively restore and treat polluted black and odorous water bodies.

[0020] 2. The algae symbiotic system of this utility model provides external fibers that are conducive to the attachment and growth of aquatic algae, and enables the central tube to gradually form a micro AO system consisting of an aerobic bacterial layer and a facultative or anaerobic bacterial layer on its surface under the oxygen supply of the microporous aeration membrane, which effectively improves the degradation efficiency of pollutants. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundle of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundle of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 The graph shows the change of dissolved oxygen over time when the bacterial-algae symbiotic carriers prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 were used to treat wastewater.

[0024] Figure 4 The graph shows the change in transparency over time of the bacterial-algae symbiotic carriers prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 when treating wastewater.

[0025] Figure 5 The graph shows the change of ammonia nitrogen concentration over time when the bacterial-algae symbiotic carriers prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 were used to treat wastewater.

[0026] Figure 6 The graph shows the change of COD concentration over time when the bacteria-algae symbiotic carriers prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 are used to treat wastewater.

[0027] The diagram illustrates the following: 1-microporous aeration membrane bundle, 2-central tube, 3-leaf-shaped villous fiber. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0029] Artificial aquatic plant-based symbiotic carriers for bacteria and algae include parallel-distributed bundles of artificial aquatic plant fibers, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundle includes rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants and microporous aeration membrane bundle 1 filled inside the rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants; the rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants include a hollow central tube 2 and leaf-like fibers 3 arranged around the outside of the central tube; the interior of the central tube 2 is filled with the microporous aeration membrane bundle 1.

[0030] In practice, the leaf-like fibers are made of hydrophilic polyester filaments. This excellent hydrophilicity is beneficial for the attachment and growth of aquatic algae, which in turn fix nitrogen and provide essential nutrients for the microbial community. The central tube is made of polyester or polypropylene yarn, which is conducive to biofilm adhesion. The hydrophilic polyester filaments are prepared by any method available in the prior art, such as helium plasma treatment to increase the surface tension of the polyester fibers, thereby improving their hydrophilicity; or by using enzymes such as esterases and lipases to accelerate the hydrolysis of esters into ethanol and carboxylic acids, thus improving the hydrophilicity of the polyester. The preparation methods are not detailed here.

[0031] The leaflets are spirally ascending or spaced around the central tube; there are gaps between the upper and lower layers of leaflets to facilitate the flow of water and aquatic plants.

[0032] Microporous aeration membrane bundles are hollow fiber membranes made of polymers (such as PVDF, PP, PES, PAN, etc.). During assembly, one or more membrane filaments are bundled together to form a microporous aeration membrane bundle, which is then filled into a central tube. The membrane filaments can be made into different diameters as needed, generally from 0.1 mm to 10 mm. The surface of the membrane filaments has a large number of micropores, which allow oxygen to pass through and generate micro- and nano-bubbles.

[0033] In practice, the inner diameter of the central tube must match the outer dimensions of its microporous aeration membrane bundle. It should not be too loose or too tight. If it is too loose, the membrane fibers will loosen; if it is too tight, the membrane fibers will be flattened.

[0034] In practice, the upper end of the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundle is sealed, and the lower end is connected to the aeration component (not marked in the figure). The upper end can be left unfixed and float in the water, or it can be fixed on the support to prevent multiple fiber bundles from getting tangled together. An aeration disc or aeration pipe can fix several or dozens of artificial aquatic plant fiber bundles to form an aquatic plant component. Multiple aquatic plant components can be arranged in parallel or in series in the water body according to the range of water to be treated. Each component is connected by a pipe, and an external air pump provides the air source.

[0035] The above-mentioned bacterial-algae symbiotic carrier is put into the water body to be treated for ecological restoration. The aeration component delivers oxygen through the microporous aeration membrane bundle, and a bacterial film is formed on the surface of the central tube. Aquatic algae attach and grow on the surface of the leaf-like fibers. The inner layer of the bacterial film close to the microporous aeration membrane bundle is an aerobic bacterial layer, and the outer layer of the bacterial film far away from the microporous aeration membrane bundle is a facultative or anaerobic bacterial layer.

[0036] Algae-bacterial symbiotic carriers are primarily used for the remediation of polluted black and odorous water bodies, such as polluted lakes and rivers. A system composed of these carriers is placed in the polluted water, with oxygen supplied by an air pump. Aquatic algae gradually attach and grow on the leaf-like, fluffy fibers of the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundles. The hydrophilically modified polyester yarn further facilitates the attachment and growth of aquatic algae. Aeration components and air pumps input air or oxygen, which is then dispersed by microporous aeration membrane bundles. Under the oxygen supply from the microporous aeration membrane bundles, a bacterial film gradually forms on the surface of the central tube of the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundles. This bacterial film is characterized by an inner layer of aerobic bacteria near the microporous aeration membrane bundles and an outer layer of facultative or anaerobic bacteria, forming a micro-AO system. The fluffy, fluffy polyester yarn structure on the outside of the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundles has a strong adsorption capacity, adsorbing organic pollutants from the polluted water onto the artificial aquatic plants. Algae growing on the outside of artificial aquatic plants utilize CO2 and NH4 in the water through photosynthesis.+ PO4 3- The algae synthesize their own cellular substances and release oxygen by absorbing nutrients. The large, difficult-to-degrade organic molecules are decomposed into small organic molecules by the anaerobic / facultative anaerobic bacteria layer on the outer layer of the artificial aquatic plant's central membrane area. Part of the decomposed organic matter can be used as nutrients to supply the outer algae, and the remainder is finally completely decomposed and transformed by the aerobic bacteria in the inner layer of the membrane to produce CO2, thereby ultimately purifying the water.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Three PVDF hollow fiber membrane filaments with a diameter of 3mm are bundled together to form a microporous aeration membrane bundle. This bundle is fed into a weaving machine, and a central tube and external stepped, spirally ascending leaf-like fibers are woven around it to construct an artificial aquatic plant fiber bundle. The constructed artificial aquatic plant fiber bundle is cut to the required length, and the upper membrane filament opening is sealed. The lower end of the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundle is fixed in an aeration disc, and the upper end is fixed to a support. Dozens of artificial aquatic plant fiber bundles are fixed in the same aeration disc to form an aquatic plant component as needed. Several groups of aquatic plant components are then connected in parallel to form a bacterial-algae symbiotic carrier. This carrier is then deployed in the water body, with pipes connecting each component and an external air pump providing an air source.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the leaf-like fibers are fixed to the central tube in concentric rings, with a certain gap between the upper and lower layers of leaf-like fibers. The other components and structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the material of the microporous aeration membrane bundle is PP, while the other components and structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0043] Example 4

[0044] The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the microporous aeration membrane bundle is made of PES, while the other components and structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that there are no microporous aeration membrane bundles inside the central tube, but the other components and structures are the same as those in Example 1.

[0047] Design a simulated river system:

[0048] (1) Simulated sewage

[0049] Directly collect actual river sewage or add organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients and pathogenic microorganisms to clean water to make the water quality meet the standards for black and odorous water bodies;

[0050] (2) Simulated river device

[0051] Two sets of containers are provided. Container A is used to store simulated sewage, and container B is equipped with an ecological restoration purification system. The two sets of containers are connected by water pipes, pumps, valves and other water supply devices.

[0052] The algae-bacterial symbiotic carriers prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 were used as the purification system for ecological restoration. The system was installed in container B, and the water supply device was activated to simulate wastewater entering container B and covering the algae-bacterial symbiotic carriers. The total area of ​​the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundles in the algae-bacterial symbiotic carriers was 40% of the water surface area in container B. The hydraulic retention time in container B was set to 3 days. Simulated wastewater was periodically replenished in container A. During the initial two weeks, the drainage from container B could be recycled into container A. The water quality of the drainage from container B was measured monthly, including changes in dissolved oxygen. Figure 3 As shown, the transparency changes as follows Figure 4 As shown, the changes in ammonia nitrogen concentration are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the COD concentration changes are as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0053] Depend on Figures 3 to 6 It is evident that the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundles prepared by this invention have a significantly better ecological restoration effect than Comparative Example 1. Before treatment, the dissolved oxygen was only 0.15 mg / L, the transparency was only 16 cm, the COD concentration was 437 mg / L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration was 8.6 mg / L, meeting the standards for black and odorous water bodies. After restoration using the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundles prepared in Examples 1 to 4 of this invention, the water quality reached Class IV or Class III water quality standards as stipulated in the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002). After restoration using the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundles prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the water quality only reached Class VI water quality standards as stipulated in the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002), and the required time was longer.

[0054] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A symbiotic carrier of bacteria and algae based on artificial aquatic plants, characterized in that, The bacterial-algae symbiotic carrier includes rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants and microporous aeration membrane bundles filled inside the rope-shaped artificial aquatic plants. Rope-like artificial aquatic plants consist of a hollow central tube and leaf-like fibers arranged in a ring around the outside of the central tube; The central tube is filled with the microporous aeration membrane bundle; The leaf-like fibrous rings spiral upwards or are spaced apart around the central tube; The upper end of the microporous aeration membrane bundle of the artificial aquatic plant fiber bundle is sealed, and the lower end is connected to the aeration component.

2. The symbiotic carrier of bacteria and algae based on artificial aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the microporous aeration membrane bundle is PVDF, PP, PES or PAN.

3. The symbiotic carrier of bacteria and algae based on artificial aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous aeration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane.

4. The symbiotic carrier of bacteria and algae based on artificial aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous aeration membrane bundle consists of at least one membrane filament, and the total outer diameter of the microporous aeration membrane bundle matches the inner diameter of the central tube.

5. The symbiotic carrier of bacteria and algae based on artificial aquatic plants according to claim 4, characterized in that, The microporous aeration membrane bundle is composed of 3 to 6 membrane filaments; the outer diameter of the membrane filaments is 0.1 mm to 10 mm.

6. The symbiotic carrier of bacteria and algae based on artificial aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central tube is made of polyester or polypropylene yarn.

7. The symbiotic carrier of bacteria and algae based on artificial aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the leaf-like fibers is hydrophilic polyester filament.

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