Repeated-free self-adaptive anchor hiding supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a repeated-free self-adaptive anchor hiding supporting structure which comprises a coal mining support, a front end support and a supporting support. A coal mining device is arranged below the coal mining bracket; the front end support comprises a first front stand column and a first rear stand column. The two ends of the first front stand column are provided with a first front base and a first front top beam respectively. Through sliding connection of the first connecting pieces, the adjacent supporting brackets are in sliding connection through the telescopic jacks; each supporting support comprises a second front stand column and a second rear stand column which are connected in a sliding mode through a second connecting piece, and every two adjacent supporting supports are connected in a sliding mode through a push-pull jack. The problems that part of anchor rods (cables) are damaged by a top beam, so that a top plate is broken and falls off, certain potential safety hazards are brought to follow-up coal mining work, and coal mine production is seriously affected are solved. Meanwhile, through the cooperation of the support bracket and the front end bracket, the support bracket is more convenient to move, and the problems of reciprocating support of the bracket, tedious process and low efficiency are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of coal mine support technology, and specifically relates to a non-repetitive adaptive anchor avoidance support structure. Background Technology

[0002] When using goaf-side roadway mining, the original return airway (or auxiliary transport roadway) needs to be used as the auxiliary transport roadway (or intake airway) for the next coal mining face, so it must be protected. At present, coal mines generally use the roof rock anchoring method. Its basic principle is to use the shear strength of the soil and rock around the anchor bolt (cable) to transfer the tension of the structure to maintain the stability of the roof itself.

[0003] In the existing technology, for example, Chinese invention patent with publication number CN119102698A discloses a mine hydraulic support anchor cable avoidance device, specifically disclosing: a top beam, a front base mounted on the upper side wall of the top beam via a first connecting mechanism, a first mounting plate mounted on the upper surface of the front base via a first driving mechanism, a front anchor cable avoidance mechanism evenly fixed on the upper surface of the first mounting plate from left to right, a front beam assembly provided on the left side of the top beam, a shield beam mounted on the right side of the top beam via a movable shaft assembly, a rear base mounted on the upper side wall of the shield beam via a second connecting mechanism, and a second mounting plate mounted on the upper surface of the rear base via a second driving mechanism. This invention solves the problem of conflict between the anchor cable avoidance mechanism and the roadway anchor cable in the current hydraulic support at the end of the goaf retention roadway. It cleverly uses telescopic jacks to move the anchor cable avoidance mechanism to an appropriate position on the support to avoid direct conflict with the anchor cable, while making the support force more even and ensuring the support effect.

[0004] However, the placement of anchor bolts (cables) varies depending on the geological conditions of the roadway. Even with equidistant roof beams, some anchor bolts (cables) can still be damaged, leading to roof breakage and detachment. This poses certain safety hazards to subsequent coal mining operations and seriously affects coal mine production. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to address the issue that the placement of anchor bolts (cables) varies depending on the geological conditions of the roadway. Even with equidistant roof beams, some anchor bolts (cables) may still be damaged, leading to roof breakage and detachment. This poses certain safety hazards to subsequent coal mining operations and seriously affects coal mine production. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a non-repeating adaptive anchor avoidance support structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following solution:

[0007] A non-repetitive adaptive anchor-avoidance support structure includes: a coal mining support, a front-end support, and a support support; a coal mining device is installed below the coal mining support; the front-end support includes a first front column and a first rear column, with a first front base and a first front top beam respectively installed at both ends of the first front column; a first rear base and a first rear top beam are respectively installed at both ends of the first rear column, the first front base and the first rear base are slidably connected by a first connector, and the first front base is slidably connected to the adjacent support support by a telescopic jack; several support supports are provided, including a second front column and a second rear column, with a second front base and a second front top beam respectively installed at both ends of the second front column, and a second rear base and a second rear top beam respectively installed at both ends of the second rear column, the second front base and the second rear base are slidably connected by a second connector, and the second front base and the second rear base of two adjacent support supports are slidably connected by a push-pull jack.

[0008] Preferably, the end of the first rear base away from the first front base is hinged to an inclined column, and the other end of the inclined column is connected to an adaptive top plate.

[0009] Preferably, a stabilizing jack is hinged to the first rear column, and the other end of the stabilizing jack is hinged to the inclined column.

[0010] Preferably, a first auxiliary telescopic rod is provided between the first front column and the first rear column; a second auxiliary telescopic rod is provided between the second front column and the second rear column.

[0011] Preferably, the coal mining device is slidably connected to the bottom of the coal mining support via a third connector.

[0012] Preferably, the third connecting member includes a sliding jack and a connecting beam. The fixed end of the sliding jack is hinged to the base of the coal mining support, and the telescopic end of the sliding jack is hinged to one end of the connecting beam. The other end of the connecting beam is connected to the coal mining device. A groove is provided on the lower end face of the base of the coal mining support, and the connecting beam is slidably connected in the groove.

[0013] Preferably, a sliding groove is provided in the groove, and a sliding rod is provided on the connecting beam, wherein the sliding rod slides and is limited in fit with the sliding groove.

[0014] Preferably, a baffle is hinged to one end of the top beam of the coal mining support near the front end support, and a tilting jack is provided on the lower end face of the baffle, the tilting jack being hinged to the top beam of the coal mining support.

[0015] Preferably, the coal mining device is provided with a snap-fit ​​beam at one end near the front support, and the other end of the snap-fit ​​beam is detachably connected to one end of the first rear base.

[0016] The technical solution adopted in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0017] By coordinating the first connector, the second connector, the push-pull jack, and the telescopic jack, the spacing of the first front column, the first rear column, the second front column, and the second rear column is adjusted, ensuring that the first front top beam, the first rear top beam, the second front top beam, and the second rear top beam are all located between two adjacent anchor bolts (cables). This solves the problem of the top beam damaging some anchor bolts (cables), causing roof breakage and detachment, posing a certain safety hazard to subsequent coal mining operations, and seriously affecting coal mine production. At the same time, the coordination of the support frame and the front-end support makes its movement more convenient and solves the problem of cumbersome and inefficient reciprocating support processes. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall top view of the return airway without reciprocating support structure across the entire cross section, as disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an overall front view of the return air roadway full-section non-reciprocating support structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a front view of the front support of the return air roadway with a full-section non-reciprocating support structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a side view of the support frame for the return air roadway without reciprocating support structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the return airway without reciprocating support structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] The components include: coal mining support 100, baffle 101, tilting jack 102, front support 200, first front column 210, first front base 211, first front top beam 212, first connector 213, inclined column 214, stabilizing jack 215, first rear column 220, first rear base 221, first rear top beam 222, telescopic jack 223, first auxiliary telescopic rod 230, support support 300, second front column 310, second front base 311, second front top beam 312, second connector 313, second rear column 320, second rear base 321, second rear top beam 322, push-pull jack 323, second auxiliary telescopic rod 330, coal mining device 400, third connector 410, sliding jack 411, connecting beam 412, sliding rod 413, sliding groove 421, and snap-fit ​​beam 430. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings. However, this application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that when a device is considered to be "connected" to another device, it can be directly connected to the other device or there may be an intervening device present. The terms "inside," "top," "upper," "lower," "above," "below," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] See Figures 1 to 5This application provides a non-repeating adaptive anchor avoidance support structure, comprising: a coal mining support 100, a front end support 200, and a support support 300; a coal mining device 400 is provided below the coal mining support 100; the front end support 200 includes a first front column 210 and a first rear column 220, the two ends of the first front column 210 are respectively provided with a first front base 211 and a first front top beam 212; the two ends of the first rear column 220 are respectively provided with a first rear base 221 and a first rear top beam 222, the first front base 211 and the first rear base 221 are slidably connected by a first connecting member 213, and the first... A front base 211 is slidably connected to the adjacent support bracket 300 via a telescopic jack 223; several support brackets 300 are provided, including a second front column 310 and a second rear column 320. The two ends of the second front column 310 are respectively provided with a second front base 311 and a second front top beam 312. The two ends of the second rear column 320 are respectively provided with a second rear base 321 and a second rear top beam 322. The second front base 311 and the second rear base 321 are slidably connected via a second connector 313, and the second front base 311 and the second rear base 321 of two adjacent support brackets 300 are slidably connected via a push-pull jack 323.

[0028] Specifically, at least one front-end support 200 is set, and according to the direction of the working face, the sequence is: coal mining support 100, coal mining device 400 below the coal mining support 100, front-end support 200, and several support supports 300 (depending on the roadway support, another front-end support 200 can be set at the end of the support support 300 away from the coal mining support 100). Taking three support supports 300 and one front-end support 200 as an example, according to the roadway direction, the working face is supported by the coal mining support 100, the coal mining device 400 is set directly below the coal mining support 100, the end of the coal mining support 100 near the roadway entrance is supported by the front-end support 200, and the end of the front-end support 200 away from the coal mining support 100 is successively supported by the first support support 300, the second support support 300, and the third support support 300.

[0029] The coal mining support 100 can use a commonly used advanced support support 300. The coal mining device 400 adopts common coal mine roadway mining equipment in existing technology. The first front column 210, the first rear column 220, the second front column 310, and the second rear column 320 are all three telescopic columns, and the first front base 211, the first rear base 221, the second front base 311, and the second rear base 321 are all the same, using the base of the existing support. The first front top beam 212, the first rear top beam 222, the second front top beam 312, and the second rear top beam 322 can use the existing support top beams. Beam 312 and the second rear top beam 322 are both supported between two adjacent anchor rods (cables); when in the supported state: the first front column 210, the first rear column 220, the second front column 310 and the second rear column 320 are all in the extended state, and the first front top beam 212, the first rear top beam 222, the second front top beam 312 and the second rear top beam 322 are all supported between two adjacent anchor rods (cables), the first front base 211, the first rear base 221, the second front base 311 and the second rear base 321 are in contact with the ground, and the first connector 213, the second connector 313, the telescopic jack 223 and the push-pull jack 323 are all in the retracted state.

[0030] Furthermore, taking three support supports 300, one front support 200, one coal mining support 100, and one coal mining device 400 as an example (the three support supports 300 are the first support support 300, the second support support 300, and the third support support 300, with the first support support 300 closer to the front support 200 and the third support support 300 farther from the front support 200), when the second front column 310 and the second rear column 320 of the third support support 300 retract, the second front top beam 312 and the second rear top beam 322 lower away from the top of the roadway. Using the second support support 300 as a fulcrum, the third support support 300 and the push-pull jacks 3 of the second support support 300... 23 extends, pushing the third support bracket 300 away from the front support bracket 200. The operator observes from below. When the second rear column 320 of the third support bracket 300 is between two adjacent anchor rods (cables), the extension of the push-pull jack 323 of the three support brackets 300 and the second support bracket 300 is stopped, and the second connecting piece 313 on the third support bracket 300 is extended. When the second front column 310 of the third support bracket 300 is between two adjacent anchor rods (cables), the extension of the second connecting piece 313 on the third support bracket 300 is stopped; and the second front column 310 and the second rear column 320 of the third support bracket 300 are extended to complete the support.

[0031] Furthermore, after the third support bracket 300 has moved and completed its support, the second support bracket 300 is lowered. Using the third and first support brackets 300 as fulcrums, the push-pull jacks 323 between the third and second support brackets 300 retract to pull the second support bracket 300 to move. Simultaneously, the push-pull jacks 323 between the second and first support brackets 300 extend to push the second support bracket 300 to move. The operator observes from below and... The second support bracket 300 avoids the anchor bolts (cables) at the top of the roadway to complete the movement and support; similarly, the first support bracket 300 descends, and with the second support bracket 300 and the front support bracket 200 as fulcrums, the push-pull jack 323 between the second support bracket 300 and the first support bracket 300 retracts, pulling the first support bracket 300 to move, and the telescopic jack 223 between the front support bracket 200 and the first support bracket 300 extends, pushing the first support bracket 300 to move. The movement and support are observed and completed by the operator.

[0032] After all three support supports 300 have moved and completed their support, the first front column 210 and the first rear column 220 of the front support 200 are lowered, causing the first front top beam 212 and the first rear top beam 222 to leave the top of the roadway. Using the first support support 300 as a fulcrum, the telescopic jack 223 is retracted, pulling the first front base 211 of the front support 200 to move. When the first front top beam 212 is between two adjacent anchor bolts (cables), the telescopic jack 223 stops extending and retracting, and the first front column 210 is extended. The operator observes the position of the first rear column 220 and retracts or extends the first connecting piece 213 to position the first rear column 220 between two adjacent anchor bolts (cables) and extends the first rear column 220, thus completing the movement and support of the front support 200. Then, the coal mining device 400 and the coal mining support 100 are moved, and then the coal mining work continues.

[0033] The technical solution of the non-repetitive adaptive anchor-avoidance support structure adopted in this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0034] By coordinating the first connector 213, the second connector 313, the push-pull jack 323, and the telescopic jack 223, the spacing of the first front column 210, the first rear column 220, the second front column 310, and the second rear column 320 is adjusted, so that the first front top beam 212, the first rear top beam 222, the second front top beam 312, and the second rear top beam 322 are all located between two adjacent anchor bolts (cables). This solves the problem of the top beams damaging some anchor bolts (cables), causing the roof to break and fall, which poses certain safety hazards to subsequent coal mining operations and seriously affects coal mine production. At the same time, through the coordination of the support bracket 300 and the front support 200, its movement is made more convenient, and the problem of cumbersome and inefficient reciprocating support is solved.

[0035] In the above scheme, the first rear base 221 is hinged to an inclined column 214 at one end away from the first front base 211, and the other end of the inclined column 214 is connected to an adaptive top plate. A stabilizing jack 215 is hinged to the first rear column 220, and the other end of the stabilizing jack 215 is hinged to the inclined column 214.

[0036] Specifically, by setting up inclined columns 214 and an adaptive spherical seat at one end of the inclined columns 214, and a support plate on it, the angle of the inclined columns 214 is adjusted by the stabilizing jacks 215 so that the support plate supports the top of the roadway. By setting up the inclined columns 214, the exposed area between the front support 200 and the coal mining support 100 is reduced, thereby improving the safety of the support.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a first auxiliary telescopic rod 230 is provided between the first front column 210 and the first rear column 220; a second auxiliary telescopic rod 330 is provided between the second front column 310 and the second rear column 320.

[0038] The first auxiliary telescopic rod 230 is connected to the bottom of the first front column 210 and the first rear column 220 to improve stability. The second auxiliary telescopic rod 330 is set between the second front column 310 and the second rear column 320, which also plays a role in improving stability. At the same time, the extension and retraction of the first auxiliary telescopic rod 230 and the second auxiliary telescopic rod 330 both play an auxiliary role, and they extend and retract with the movement of the first connecting piece 213 and the second connecting piece 313. The first connecting piece 213 and the second connecting piece 313 are both common jacks or jack extension structures.

[0039] In another embodiment of this application, the coal mining device 400 is slidably connected to the bottom of the coal mining support 100 via a third connector 410.

[0040] To facilitate the movement of the coal mining device 400 and the coal mining support 100, the third connecting member 410 adopts, but is not limited to, a jack or a jack-like structure. When the coal mining device 400 moves, the third connecting member 410 extends to push the coal mining device 400 to move, with the coal mining support 100 as the fulcrum. After the coal mining device 400 has moved, the coal mining support 100 is lowered and connected to the front support 200. With the front support 200 and the coal mining device 400 as the fulcrum, the third connecting member 410 is retracted, thereby driving the coal mining support 100 to move. After the coal mining support 100 has moved, it extends to complete the movement and support. The operation is more convenient and the movement is easier.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the third connecting member 410 includes a sliding jack 411 and a connecting beam 412. The fixed end of the sliding jack 411 is hinged to the base of the coal mining support 100, and the telescopic end of the sliding jack 411 is hinged to one end of the connecting beam 412. The other end of the connecting beam 412 is connected to the coal mining device 400. A groove is provided on the lower end face of the base of the coal mining support 100, and the connecting beam 412 is slidably connected in the groove. A sliding groove 421 is provided in the groove, and a sliding rod 413 is provided on the connecting beam 412. The sliding rod 413 slides and is limitedly engaged with the sliding groove 421.

[0042] The fixed end of the sliding jack 411 is detachably hinged to the base of the coal mining support 100 via a pin or ear plate. The telescopic end of the sliding jack 411 is tilted downwards (towards the bottom of the roadway) and detachably connected to the end of the connecting beam 412 away from the coal mining device 400. A groove is provided on the lower end face of the base of the coal mining support 100 (the side closest to the bottom of the roadway). The length direction of the groove is consistent with the telescopic direction of the telescopic jack 223. The groove is symmetrically arranged twice by two sliding grooves 421. Sliding rods 413 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting beam 412. The diameter of the sliding rods 413 is the same as the width of the sliding grooves 421, and the length of the sliding grooves 421 is full. The sliding jack 411 has a telescopic stroke, and the other end of the connecting beam 412 is detachably connected to one side of the coal mining device 400 using bolts, pull rings, or other means. By retracting the sliding jack 411, the connecting beam 412 is driven to slide from the side away from the coal mining device 400 to the side closer to the coal mining device 400, thereby pushing the coal mining device 400 to slide. Conversely, the extension of the sliding jack 411 causes the connecting beam 412 to slide in the opposite direction. By setting the sliding groove 421 and the sliding rod 413, the problem of the coal mining device 400 shifting due to reverse sliding offset is solved, and the problem of the connecting beam 412 being difficult to retract after extending and contacting the bottom of the coal mining support 100 is also solved.

[0043] Based on the above scheme, in order to increase the support area, a baffle 101 is hinged to one end of the top beam of the coal mining support 100 near the front support 200. A tilting jack 102 is provided on the lower end face of the baffle 101, and the tilting jack 102 is hinged to the top beam of the coal mining support 100. By extending the tilting jack 102, the baffle 101 is tilted from bottom to top along the hinge until the baffle 101 contacts the top of the roadway. Conversely, the tilting jack 102 retracts and tilts downward, hiding the baffle 101 below the top of the coal mining support 100 for easy movement. By setting the baffle 101, the exposed area of ​​the coal mining support 100 and the front support 200 is reduced, thereby improving the safety of the support.

[0044] Furthermore, the coal mining device 400 is provided with a snap-fit ​​beam 430 at one end near the front support 200, and the other end of the snap-fit ​​beam 430 is detachably connected to one end of the first rear base 221.

[0045] After both the front-end support 200 and the support support 300 have been moved and supported, the locking beam 430 is removed, separating the coal mining device 400 from the front-end support 200. The coal mining device 400 uses the coal mining support 100 as a fulcrum. The sliding jack 411 retracts, causing the connecting beam 412 to push the coal mining device 400 closer to the front-end support 200. After reaching the moving position, the locking beam 430 is installed to connect the coal mining device 400 to the front-end support 200. The coal mining support 100 is lowered, and by retracting the connecting beam 412, it is pulled closer to the coal mining device 400. After reaching the designated position, the coal mining support 100 is extended to complete the support. By setting the locking beam 430, the tensile strength of the fulcrum is increased, making the movement of the coal mining support 100 safer and more convenient.

[0046] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the device deployment method of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several adjustments and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A self-adapting, non-repetitive, self-anchoring support structure, characterized in that, include: Coal mining supports, front-end supports, and retaining supports; A coal mining device is installed below the coal mining support. The front support includes a first front column and a first rear column. The first front column is provided with a first front base and a first front top beam at both ends. The first rear column is provided with a first rear base and a first rear top beam at both ends. The first front base and the first rear base are slidably connected by a first connector, and the first front base is slidably connected to the adjacent support bracket by a telescopic jack. The support frame is provided in several parts, including a second front column and a second rear column. The two ends of the second front column are respectively provided with a second front base and a second front top beam. The two ends of the second rear column are respectively provided with a second rear base and a second rear top beam. The second front base and the second rear base are slidably connected by a second connector. The second front base and the second rear base of two adjacent support frames are slidably connected by a push-pull jack.

2. The self-adapting non-repeating anchor-missing support structure according to claim 1, wherein, An inclined column is hinged to one end of the first rear base away from the first front base, and an adaptive top plate is connected to the other end of the inclined column.

3. The self-adapting non-repeating anchor-missing support structure according to claim 2, wherein, A stabilizing jack is hinged to the first rear column, and the other end of the stabilizing jack is hinged to the inclined column.

4. The self-adapting non-repeating anchor-missing support structure of claim 1, wherein, A first auxiliary telescopic rod is provided between the first front column and the first rear column; a second auxiliary telescopic rod is provided between the second front column and the second rear column.

5. The non-repetitive adaptive anchor-avoidance support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal mining device is slidably connected to the bottom of the coal mining support via a third connector.

6. The non-repetitive adaptive anchor-avoidance support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third connecting component includes a sliding jack and a connecting beam. The fixed end of the sliding jack is hinged to the base of the coal mining support, and the telescopic end of the sliding jack is hinged to one end of the connecting beam. The other end of the connecting beam is connected to the coal mining device. A groove is provided on the lower end face of the base of the coal mining support, and the connecting beam is slidably connected in the groove.

7. The non-repetitive adaptive anchor-avoidance support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, A sliding groove is provided in the groove, and a sliding rod is provided on the connecting beam. The sliding rod slides and is limited in fit with the sliding groove.

8. The non-repetitive adaptive anchor-avoidance support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A baffle is hinged to one end of the top beam of the coal mining support near the front end support. A tilting jack is provided on the lower end face of the baffle, and the tilting jack is hinged to the top beam of the coal mining support.

9. The non-repetitive adaptive anchor-avoidance support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal mining device is provided with a snap-fit ​​beam at one end near the front support, and the other end of the snap-fit ​​beam is detachably connected to one end of the first rear base.

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