Cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor with umbrella-shaped structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor with an umbrella-shaped structure, and belongs to the technical field of polycrystalline silicon production. The distributor comprises a main breather pipe, wherein the lower part of the main breather pipe is provided with gas orifices, the middle part or the upper part of the main breather pipe is provided with an umbrella-type baffle, and the top of the main breather pipe is provided with an umbrella-cap-shaped gas nozzle distribution head which is positioned above the main breather pipe. According to the technical scheme, the technical problems that in the prior art, a flow field is unreasonable, mixing reaction of silicon powder and gas is not uniform enough, and a nozzle is prone to being blocked are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model patent belongs to the field of polycrystalline silicon production technology, specifically relating to a cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor with an umbrella-shaped structure. Background Technology

[0002] In the polysilicon production process, the cold hydrogenation reactor is the core equipment. It converts the byproduct silicon tetrachloride into trichlorosilane under high temperature and pressure, and uses a coarse separation tower to recycle the raw materials, avoiding environmental pollution. After passing through a distributor, the gas undergoes a fluidized reaction with silicon powder. The nozzles in the distributor come in various forms, mainly including direct perforation at the annular gas outlet, welded gas nozzles, and welded mushroom-shaped gas distribution heads.

[0003] Currently, cold hydrogenation reactors primarily use welded mushroom-shaped gas distributors. Compared to common straight-through nozzles, this structure effectively prevents silicon powder-carrying gas from eroding the pipeline and causing pipe wear. However, because this type of distributor has only one nozzle, dead zones exist in the flow field. During use, this can lead to ineffective backflushing, uneven material reaction or mixing, and substandard finished product testing. Waste materials such as residual silicon powder also fall onto the distributor plate or below the tank bottom due to gravity, potentially causing nozzle blockage. Furthermore, the limited space within the reactor makes distributor maintenance difficult and poses safety risks. Patent CN219051254U discloses a nozzle and gas distributor, including a fixed part and a rotating part. An outlet pipe is installed in the rotating part, sealed at the top, with the outlet angled towards the bottom of the rotating part. This nozzle effectively prevents gas deviation and prevents silicon powder from entering the gas channel, but it can easily cause the rotating part to malfunction due to continuous silicon powder erosion of internal components. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor with an umbrella-shaped structure to solve the technical problems of unreasonable flow field, uneven mixing reaction of silicon powder and gas, and easy clogging of nozzles in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model patent is: to prepare an umbrella-shaped nozzle for use in a cold hydrogenation reactor. The unique umbrella-shaped baffle structure of the nozzle and the jet holes on the main vent pipe can enhance the fluidization effect of the overall field area, make the reaction mixing more uniform, increase the backflushing effect, and reduce the frequency of maintenance and maintenance costs.

[0006] A cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor with an umbrella-shaped structure includes a main vent pipe, a jet hole at the lower part of the main vent pipe, an umbrella-shaped baffle at the middle or upper part, and an umbrella-shaped gas nozzle distribution head at the top, which is located above the main vent pipe.

[0007] In this utility model, the main vent pipe and the umbrella-shaped baffle structure are integrated.

[0008] In this utility model, the lower end of the main vent pipe has uniformly distributed air jet holes on its peripheral wall.

[0009] In this utility model, the jet holes are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the main vent pipe.

[0010] In this utility model, the umbrella-shaped baffle and the main vent pipe are inclined at 30 to 60 degrees relative to the horizontal plane in their axial directions.

[0011] In this utility model, the main vent pipe is cylindrical.

[0012] In this utility model's technical solution, the projected area of ​​the umbrella-shaped baffle is 3 to 6 times the flow area of ​​the main ventilation pipe.

[0013] In this utility model, the jet nozzle has a diameter ranging from 12mm to 30mm, and the spacing between the nozzles is approximately 1 to 3 times the diameter.

[0014] In this utility model, there are at least three sets of air jet holes 2, and the multiple sets of air jet holes are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the main vent pipe.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model patent are:

[0016] During use, gas can enter the reactor simultaneously from the jet hole and the upper nozzle. The beneficial effects on the cold hydrogenation reactor equipment are as follows: (1) The flow field is optimized. The silicon powder near the main gas pipe will be affected by the airflow of the gas flowing out of the jet hole during the falling process due to gravity. The airflow naturally carries the silicon powder upward, increasing the material reaction time, ensuring more uniform gas-solid mixing, and achieving a purging effect on the lower distributor. (2) The umbrella-shaped nozzle has stronger airflow guidance than the mushroom-shaped nozzle. It forms an airflow channel with the integrated umbrella baffle below, preventing gas escape and improving reaction efficiency. (3) The umbrella-shaped nozzle distributor has a simple structure and small size, which can save equipment production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model patent.

[0018] 1-Air inlet; 2-Air jet hole; 3-Main vent pipe; 4-Umbrella-shaped baffle; 5-Air outlet; 6-Umbrella-shaped gas nozzle distribution head.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0021] like Figure 1 The nozzle mainly consists of a main vent pipe 3 and an umbrella-shaped baffle structure 4; the baffle 4 is an integrated umbrella-shaped baffle. One end of the main vent pipe 3 has a gas inlet 1, and the other end is welded with an umbrella-shaped gas nozzle distributor head 6, which is the main outlet 5. The gas distributor plate is welded above the nozzle and below the bed; pre-welded parts must not be located on the pipe openings or welds. The lower end of the main vent pipe 3 has evenly distributed jet holes 2 on its circumferential wall; the jet holes 2 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the main vent pipe 3. A baffle 4 is provided on the circumference of the middle end of the main vent pipe 3, and the baffle 4 is inclined relative to the axial direction of the main vent pipe 3. The baffle 4 is inclined at 45 degrees relative to the horizontal plane relative to the axial direction of the main vent pipe 3. The main vent pipe 3 and the umbrella-shaped baffle 4 are integrally formed, and the main vent pipe 3 is cylindrical. The projected area of ​​the umbrella-shaped baffle 4 depends on the diameter of the main vent pipe, but must be at least four times the flow area of ​​the main vent pipe 3. The diameter of jet nozzle 2 ranges from 12mm to 30mm, and the spacing between nozzles is approximately twice the diameter. The spacing between nozzles in a row can be determined based on the leg height of the triangle formed by the nozzle spacing. There are at least three sets of jet nozzles 2, with multiple sets of nozzles evenly spaced along the axial direction of the main vent pipe. To compensate for the decrease in strength and increase in stress in the area surrounding the nozzles of jet nozzle 2, overall reinforcement measures can be taken.

Claims

1. A cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor with an umbrella-shaped structure, characterized in that, The distributor includes a main vent pipe (3), with a jet hole (2) at the bottom, an umbrella-shaped baffle (4) at the middle or top, and an umbrella-shaped gas nozzle distribution head (6) at the top, which is located above the main vent pipe (3).

2. The umbrella-shaped cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main ventilation tube (3) and the umbrella-shaped baffle structure (4) are integrated.

3. The umbrella-shaped cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the main vent pipe (3) has uniformly distributed air jet holes (2) on its periphery.

4. The umbrella-shaped cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet holes (2) are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the main vent pipe (3).

5. The umbrella-shaped cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The umbrella-shaped baffle (4) is inclined at 30 to 60 degrees relative to the horizontal plane in the axial direction of the main vent pipe (3).

6. The umbrella-shaped cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main ventilation tube (3) is cylindrical.

7. The umbrella-shaped cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The projected area of ​​the umbrella-shaped baffle (4) is 3 to 6 times that of the flow area of ​​the main ventilation pipe (3).

8. The umbrella-shaped cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet hole (2) has a diameter range of 12mm to 30mm, and the hole spacing is about 1 to 3 times the diameter.

9. The umbrella-shaped cold hydrogenation reaction gas distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are at least three sets of air outlets 2, and the multiple sets of air outlets are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the main vent pipe.

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