Intelligent control system for controlling floating of bucket

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydraulic control of engineering machinery, and discloses an intelligent control system for controlling floating of a bucket, which comprises a hydraulic oil tank, two lifting oil cylinders for driving a large arm, two energy accumulators, a control valve group and a limit switch group, the intelligent floating scraper is simple in overall structure, enables the scraper bucket to freely and intelligently float in a specific operation scene, adapts to uneven ground or change of loose materials, reduces abrasion of the scraper bucket, reduces operation difficulty, automatically flattens the ground needing to be flattened, and improves using effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hydraulic control technology for engineering machinery, specifically, it relates to an intelligent control system for controlling the floating of a bucket. Background Technology

[0002] In construction machinery, underground scrapers often have their buckets in a retracted position while operating in specific environments, and the buckets are rigidly connected to the vehicle body. When encountering uneven surfaces, the buckets are prone to hitting the ground, easily causing damage to both the bucket and the vehicle body, increasing maintenance rates. Furthermore, underground scrapers sometimes need to level tunnels. Current technology lacks a floating bucket function, requiring operators to manually control the bucket's raising and lowering to adapt to uneven terrain. This demands considerable operator skill and limits the scraper's application range. Consequently, operations become difficult and work efficiency is low when leveling tunnels or similar conditions require this feature.

[0003] Chinese patent application number CN2022230945382 discloses a bucket control system for an underground loader and an underground loader, belonging to the field of mining machinery. This utility model includes a hydraulic oil tank, a tilting cylinder, a hydraulic pump, a directional valve, and a functional valve. The hydraulic pump inlet is connected to the hydraulic oil tank, and the hydraulic pump outlet is connected to the directional valve. The directional valve has a first oil port and a second oil port. The first oil port is connected to the rod chamber via a first oil circuit, and the second oil port is connected to the rodless chamber via a second oil circuit. The functional valve includes a check valve and a solenoid valve. The solenoid valve is connected to the check valve and is configured to control the opening and closing of the check valve. The check valve connects the first oil circuit, the second oil circuit, and the hydraulic oil tank. The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the lack of bucket floating function in existing underground loaders by using the on / off state of the solenoid valve to control the on / off state of the tilting cylinder and the hydraulic oil tank, thereby utilizing the bucket's own weight to enable the bucket to float and achieve adaptive leveling of roadways.

[0004] However, the patented method of using the bucket's own weight to achieve the bucket's floating function also damages the bucket, resulting in a high maintenance rate and wasting on usage costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an intelligent control system for controlling the floating of the bucket of a loader with a simple overall structure, which enables the bucket to float freely and intelligently in specific operating scenarios, thereby adapting to uneven ground or changes in loose materials, reducing bucket wear, reducing operating difficulty, and automatically leveling the ground that needs to be leveled, thus improving the performance of the loader.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An intelligent control system for controlling bucket floating includes a hydraulic oil tank and two lifting cylinders for driving the boom, as well as two accumulators, a limit switch group and a control valve group connected to the accumulators.

[0008] The control valve group includes a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, and a fourth solenoid valve, as well as a first sequence valve connected to the second solenoid valve, a second sequence valve connected to the third solenoid valve, and a third sequence valve connected to the fourth solenoid valve.

[0009] The input end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the accumulator, and the output end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the hydraulic oil tank and the lifting cylinder.

[0010] The following are further optimizations of the above technical solution by this utility model:

[0011] The lifting cylinder is divided into a large chamber and a small chamber by a piston.

[0012] Further optimization: The output end of the first solenoid valve is connected to the small cavity of the lifting cylinder.

[0013] Further optimization: The output end of the accumulator is connected to the input end of the first sequence valve, the output end of the first sequence valve is connected to the second sequence valve, the second sequence valve is connected to the third sequence valve, and the third sequence valve is simultaneously connected to the hydraulic oil tank.

[0014] Further optimization: The output end of the third sequence valve is also connected to the large chamber of the lifting cylinder, and the output end of the third sequence valve is connected to the small chamber of the lifting cylinder.

[0015] Further optimization: The limit switch group includes a bucket limit switch, a first boom limit switch, and a second boom limit switch.

[0016] This utility model adopts the above-mentioned technical solution, with ingenious design and reasonable structure. It allows the bucket to float freely in specific operating scenarios, adapting to uneven ground or changes in loose materials. Specifically, when the mining machine traverses slopes or depressions, it prevents the bucket from hitting the bottom and causing damage, while also preventing the vehicle body from swaying. The boom and vehicle body are connected flexibly to avoid the bucket's impact on the vehicle body, improving stability during travel. Furthermore, it facilitates leveling uneven ground. During leveling, the accumulator provides pressure to level the ground, further improving driving stability, expanding its application range, and making it convenient to use. It increases production efficiency, is safe and reliable, easy to operate, and has a simple overall structure, facilitating manufacturing and production, reducing production and operating costs, and increasing economic benefits.

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic connection of the overall structure in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the bucket during operation of the mining machine in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the control system in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic connection of the overall structure in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Hydraulic oil tank; 2. Lifting cylinder; 21. Large chamber; 22. Small chamber; 3. Accumulator; 4. Control valve group; 41. First solenoid valve; 42. Second solenoid valve; 43. Third solenoid valve; 44. Fourth solenoid valve; 45. First sequence valve; 46. Second sequence valve; 47. Third sequence valve; 5. Limit switch group; 51. First boom limit switch; 52. Second boom limit switch; 53. Bucket limit switch. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example 1: As Figure 1-3 As shown: An intelligent control system for controlling the floating of the bucket includes a hydraulic oil tank 1 and two lifting cylinders 2 for driving the boom, as well as two accumulators 3, a limit switch group 5 and a control valve group 4 connected to the accumulators 3.

[0024] The control valve group 4 includes a first solenoid valve 41, a second solenoid valve 42, a third solenoid valve 43, a fourth solenoid valve 44, a first sequence valve 45 connected to the second solenoid valve 42, a second sequence valve 46 connected to the third solenoid valve 43, and a third sequence valve 47 connected to the fourth solenoid valve 44.

[0025] The input end of the first solenoid valve 41 is connected to the accumulator 3, and the output end of the first solenoid valve 41 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 1 and the lifting cylinder 2.

[0026] The lifting cylinder 2 is divided into two parts by a piston: a large chamber 21 and a small chamber 22. The hydraulic oil entering the large chamber 21 and the small chamber 22 generates pressure to control the movement of the piston, which in turn controls the extension or retraction of the power output end of the lifting cylinder 2, thereby raising or lowering the boom and controlling the bucket. The specific control principle is well known in the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] The output end of the first solenoid valve 41 is connected to the small cavity 22 of the lifting cylinder 2.

[0028] The output end of the accumulator 3 is connected to the input end of the first sequence valve 45, the output end of the first sequence valve 45 is connected to the second sequence valve 46, the second sequence valve 46 is connected to the third sequence valve 47, and the third sequence valve 47 is simultaneously connected to the hydraulic oil tank 1.

[0029] The output end of the third sequence valve 47 is also connected to the large chamber 21 of the lifting cylinder 2, and the output end of the third sequence valve 47 is connected to the small chamber 22 of the lifting cylinder 2.

[0030] In this embodiment 1, the accumulator 3, the control valve group 4, and the lifting cylinder can all be obtained commercially.

[0031] The limit switch group 5 includes a bucket limit switch 53, a first boom limit switch 51, and a second boom limit switch 52.

[0032] The bucket limit switch 53 is located on the arm that is hinged to the bucket. When the mining machine is moving, the bucket is first retracted. When the bucket is retracted to the set position, the bucket limit switch 53 can detect whether the bucket is in place and then give a signal.

[0033] The first boom limit switch 51 and the second boom limit switch 52 are located on the machine body near the boom. The first boom limit switch 51 detects the lowest position of the electronic limit when the boom is retracted, which drives the bucket to retract to the flat position.

[0034] The second boom limit switch 52 can detect when the boom enters the floating adjustment position, that is, drive the bucket to retract to the floating adjustment position.

[0035] In this embodiment 1, the floating adjustment position is located above the lowest position of the electronic limit when the boom is retracted. This design allows for a margin of safety in the floating adjustment of the boom.

[0036] like Figure 3 The control valve group 4 and the limit switch group 5 are both electrically connected to the main controller of the mining machine via wires. When the mining machine is moving in a specific working environment, the engine of the mining machine starts. The controller first controls the first solenoid valve 41 to be energized. When the first solenoid valve 41 is energized, it can cut off the oil circuit from the accumulator 3 back to the hydraulic oil tank 1, so that the accumulator 3, the second solenoid valve 42, the first sequence valve 45, the fourth solenoid valve 44, the third sequence valve 47 and the lifting cylinder 2 form a closed loop circuit.

[0037] The display screen of the mining machine controller also has a trigger icon for entering floating mode.

[0038] When the mining machine is moving, the main controller of the mining machine controls the drive boom to retract to the lowest electronic limit position. At this time, the first boom limit switch 51 is activated, indicating that the boom has been retracted to the lowest electronic limit position. Normally, the mining machine's travel speed is set to second gear, and the speed is greater than 5 km / h. At this time, the trigger icon for floating mode on the display screen is solid green. When the speed is not in second gear, the speed is not greater than 5 km / h, or the first boom limit switch 51 is not activated, the trigger icon on the display screen flashes orange and has a text prompt: Please return the boom to the lowest electronic limit position.

[0039] When the trigger icon is solid green, it indicates that the conditions for entering the floating mode are met. Clicking the trigger icon will enter the floating mode. First, the main controller controls the lifting cylinder 2, so that the power output of the lifting cylinder 2 controls the boom to lift. When the boom lifts, it triggers the second boom limit switch 52. The activation of the second boom limit switch 52 indicates that the floating adjustment mode has been entered.

[0040] Secondly, the controller energizes the second solenoid valve 42 and the fourth solenoid valve 44, while de-energizing the third solenoid valve 43. This connects the accumulator 3, the first sequence valve 45, the third sequence valve 47, and the large chamber 21 and small chamber 22 of the two lifting cylinders 2. The accumulator 3's backup pressure adjusts the volume of the large chamber 21 and small chamber 22, thereby achieving boom floating. That is, when the mining machine is moving and encounters a slope or pothole, the bucket may hit the bottom due to the sudden rise or fall of the mining machine body, causing the vehicle body to shake. However, under the backup pressure of the accumulator 3, the sudden force is offset, preventing the bucket from hitting the bottom. At the same time, the accumulator 3 offsets the force, making the connection between the boom and the mining machine body a soft connection, improving the stability of the mining machine during operation.

[0041] When exiting the floating mode, the controller de-energizes the first solenoid valve 41, allowing the hydraulic oil in the accumulator 3 to drain directly into the hydraulic oil tank 1.

[0042] Example 2: As Figure 4 As shown, during the movement of the mining machine, it is also necessary to use the bottom of its bucket to level uneven sections of the road. The display screen of the controller is also equipped with a hovering trigger icon. Similarly, when the mining machine's speed is set to the second gear and the speed is greater than 5km / h, the hovering trigger icon on the display screen will be lit in green. If the hovering trigger icon is clicked, the hovering mode will be entered. First, the main controller controls the lifting cylinder 2, so that the power output of the lifting cylinder 2 controls the boom to retract. When the boom retracts, the first boom limit switch 51 is triggered. Then, the bucket is retracted to the flat position, triggering the first boom limit switch 51. The activation of the first boom limit switch 51 indicates that the hovering adjustment mode has been entered.

[0043] Secondly, the controller de-energizes the second solenoid valve 42, energizes the fourth solenoid valve 44, and energizes the third solenoid valve 43, thereby connecting the accumulator 3, the second sequence valve 46, the third sequence valve 47, and the large chamber 21 and small chamber 22 of the two lifting cylinders 2 to form a closed loop.

[0044] When the bucket is moving and leveling uneven obstacles, it is subjected to the reaction force of the obstacles, which acts on the boom. The boom then reacts on the lifting cylinder 2, causing the piston inside the lifting cylinder 2 to move. The output hydraulic oil flows to the accumulator 3, and the bucket's gravity is used to level the uneven obstacles. This design allows the bucket to level the ground without affecting the vehicle's driving stability.

[0045] For those skilled in the art, any changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the embodiments based on the teachings of this utility model, without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An intelligent control system for controlling bucket floating, comprising a hydraulic oil tank (1) and two lifting cylinders (2) for driving the boom, characterized in that: It also includes two accumulators (3), a limit switch group (5), and a control valve group (4) connected to the accumulators (3); The control valve group (4) includes a first solenoid valve (41), a second solenoid valve (42), a third solenoid valve (43), and a fourth solenoid valve (44), as well as a first sequence valve (45) connected to the second solenoid valve (42), a second sequence valve (46) connected to the third solenoid valve (43), and a third sequence valve (47) connected to the fourth solenoid valve (44). The input end of the first solenoid valve (41) is connected to the accumulator (3), and the output end of the first solenoid valve (41) is connected to the hydraulic oil tank (1) and the lifting cylinder (2).

2. The intelligent control system for controlling bucket floating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting cylinder (2) is divided into two parts by a piston: a large chamber (21) and a small chamber (22).

3. The intelligent control system for controlling bucket floating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the first solenoid valve (41) is connected to the small cavity (22) of the lifting cylinder (2).

4. The intelligent control system for controlling bucket floating according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output end of the accumulator (3) is connected to the input end of the first sequence valve (45), the output end of the first sequence valve (45) is connected to the second sequence valve (46), the second sequence valve (46) is connected to the third sequence valve (47), and the third sequence valve (47) is simultaneously connected to the hydraulic oil tank (1).

5. The intelligent control system for controlling bucket floating according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the third sequence valve (47) is also connected to the large chamber (21) of the lifting cylinder (2), and the output end of the third sequence valve (47) is connected to the small chamber (22) of the lifting cylinder (2).

6. The intelligent control system for controlling bucket floating according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limit switch group (5) includes a bucket limit switch (53), a first boom limit switch (51), and a second boom limit switch (52).

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