Closed full-static-pressure sliding yaw bearing of wind generating set

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a closed type total static pressure sliding yaw bearing of a wind generating set. The device comprises a vertically arranged tower, a fixed part is horizontally fixed to the top of the tower, a sliding groove is inwards formed in the outer side wall of the fixed part, a rotating part in sliding fit with the sliding groove is sleeved with the sliding groove, an inner gear ring is horizontally fixed to the inner side wall of the fixed part, a gear meshed with the inner gear ring is arranged in the inner gear ring, and a main machine base is horizontally fixed to the top of the rotating part. A yaw driving assembly is installed in the main machine base, the gear is installed at the power output end of the yaw driving assembly, a plurality of sets of radial static pressure guide rails are installed on the horizontal groove bottom of the sliding groove, a plurality of sets of axial static pressure guide rails are installed on the vertical groove wall of the sliding groove, an oil storage cavity is formed in the fixing part, and an oil hole communicated with the sliding groove is formed in the oil storage cavity. The axial direction, the radial direction and the anti-overturning positioning support of the full-static-pressure sliding yaw bearing are all of a closed static-pressure guide rail structure, and stress is stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wind power generation technology, and in particular relates to a closed-type hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets. Background Technology

[0002] The yaw system of a large wind turbine is a crucial component for accurately capturing wind energy and directly affects the turbine's operating efficiency. Especially in areas with significant wind direction changes, the yaw system is frequently started and stopped, requiring a highly reliable yaw system and yaw bearing.

[0003] Currently, the yaw systems of large wind turbine generators almost exclusively use rolling bearings. After the rotor is aligned with the prevailing wind direction, the nacelle needs to be fixed. Because rolling bearings rely on rolling friction, the frictional force is very small. The electromagnetic braking force of the yaw motor alone is insufficient to fix the nacelle. Therefore, yaw systems using rolling bearings also require yaw brake discs and a certain number of yaw brakes, increasing both the complexity and cost of the unit. Furthermore, the inner and outer rings and internal rolling elements of the rolling yaw bearing require grease lubrication. After long-term shutdown, the poor fluidity of the grease can cause it to dry out if it remains inside the bearing for an extended period, making cleaning or replacement extremely difficult. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a closed-type fully hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets, which features a hydrostatic guide rail structure that ensures stable rotational force and prevents the increase of static friction, thus facilitating generator braking.

[0005] The wind turbine generator set enclosed hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing includes a vertically mounted tower. A fixed part is horizontally fixed at the top of the tower. The fixed part has an overall annular structure. A sliding groove is opened inward on the outer wall of the fixed part. A rotating part that slides within the sliding groove is fitted with the groove. An internal gear ring is horizontally fixed on the inner wall of the fixed part. A gear meshing with the internal gear ring is installed in the internal gear ring. A main unit base is horizontally fixed at the top of the rotating part. A yaw drive assembly is installed in the main unit base. The gear is installed at the power output end of the yaw drive assembly. Several sets of radial hydrostatic guide rails are installed on the horizontal groove bottom of the sliding groove. All radial hydrostatic guide rails are connected end to end to form a radial hydrostatic oil cavity with the bottom of the rotating part. Several sets of axial hydrostatic guide rails are installed on the vertical groove wall of the sliding groove. All axial hydrostatic guide rails are connected end to end to form an axial hydrostatic oil cavity with the side wall of the rotating part. An oil storage cavity is opened in the fixed part. An oil hole communicating with the sliding groove is opened in the oil storage cavity.

[0006] Furthermore, a pressure plate is horizontally fixed to the top of the fixed part, and the pressure plate extends beyond the fixed part and presses against the top of the rotating part. Several sets of top static pressure guide rails are installed at the bottom of the pressure plate. All the top static pressure guide rails are connected end to end to form a top static pressure oil cavity with the top of the rotating part.

[0007] Furthermore, each of the radial hydrostatic guide rails has a first oil groove, and a pressure plate is fixed in each of the first oil grooves; each of the axial hydrostatic guide rails has a second oil groove, and a pressure plate is fixed in each of the second oil grooves; and each of the top hydrostatic guide rails has a third oil groove.

[0008] Furthermore, oil return grooves are provided between each set of radial hydrostatic guide rails, between each set of axial hydrostatic guide rails, and between each set of top hydrostatic guide rails.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the fixing part is provided with a through groove communicating with the oil storage cavity, and an oil sealing plate can be detachably installed in the through groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical groove wall of the fixing part slide is inclined inward.

[0011] Furthermore, an oil receiving groove is installed on the inner side wall of the fixing part. The oil receiving groove has an annular structure and is located below the inner gear ring. An oil hole communicating with the oil receiving groove is opened on the side wall of the oil storage cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the yaw drive assembly includes a yaw motor, a yaw reducer is mounted at the bottom of the yaw motor, and a gear is mounted on the power output end of the yaw reducer.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The axial, radial, and anti-overturning positioning supports of the total hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing are all closed hydrostatic guide rail structures. Compared with the rolling yaw bearing which uses rolling elements to transmit force, this structure is more direct in terms of force and is simple and reliable.

[0015] 2. During the yaw process, the hydraulic pump supplies oil to the hydrostatic oil chamber of the bearing. The hydraulic oil forms a high-pressure oil film with a thickness of 30-40 micrometers between the annular contact surface of the hydrostatic guide rail and the rotating part, causing the rotating part to float on the guide rail and rotate. This reduces sliding friction and avoids wear and noise caused by oilless friction on the guide rail surface, thus improving the stability of yaw.

[0016] 3. When the unit is not yawing, the hydraulic pump does not supply oil to the static pressure oil chamber, and the hydraulic oil in the static pressure oil chamber will flow back to the oil tank. At this time, the static friction coefficient is relatively large. The static friction force of the static pressure guide rail and the electromagnetic braking force of the yaw motor together fix the nacelle. There is no need to add an additional yaw brake disc and brake, which reduces the cost of the unit and improves reliability.

[0017] 4. The fixed part of the total hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing is made of casting, and the base is a box-shaped structure. The inside is used to store the hydraulic oil required for the operation of the total hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing, eliminating the need for a separate hydraulic oil tank and making the structure more compact.

[0018] 5. The total hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing is controlled by hydraulic oil and does not require grease. Even when the unit is shut down for a long time, there will be no problem of grease drying out and being unable to be cleaned or replaced. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Partial sectional view of the central fixing part;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Bottom view of the intermediate pressure plate;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A in the image;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the oil return process of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is an installation diagram of the present invention;

[0026] The components in the diagram are named as follows: 1. Main unit base; 2. Yaw motor; 3. Yaw reducer; 4. Gear; 5. Pressure plate; 6. Rotating part; 7. Fixed part; 8. Internal gear ring; 9. Tower; 10. Pressure plate; 11. Oil hole; 12. Radial hydrostatic guide rail; 13. First oil tank; 14. Return oil tank; 15. Oil sealing plate; 16. Oil storage cavity; 17. Second oil tank; 18. Axial hydrostatic guide rail; 19. Top hydrostatic guide rail; 20. Third oil tank; 21. Oil receiving tank. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Example

[0028] This embodiment describes a closed-type hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it includes a vertically installed tower 9, which is the base fixing part of the wind turbine generator set and is installed on the ground;

[0029] The top of the tower 9 is horizontally fixed with a fixing part 7. The fixing part 7 has an overall ring structure, and the outer side wall of the fixing part 7 has an inward sliding groove. The fixing part 7 has an overall ring structure, and the top side wall of the fixing part 7 has an inward sliding groove, forming as follows. Figure 2 The ring structure with steps is made of cast iron as a whole.

[0030] A rotating part 6 is fitted inside the slide groove and is in sliding fit with it. The rotating part 6 is also a ring structure. The outer diameter of the rotating part 6 is the same as the outer diameter of the fixed part 7, and the inner diameter is the same as the outer diameter of the upper inner ring of the fixed part 7. The rotating part 6 is fitted into the upper half of the fixed part 7. The rotating part 6 is installed in the slide groove of the fixed part 7 and rotates, thereby driving the top main unit base 1 to rotate.

[0031] An internal gear ring 8 is horizontally fixed to the inner side wall of the fixing part 7. The internal gear ring 8 is made of alloy structural steel ring forging and then gear hobbing. The internal gear ring 8 is installed on the inner side wall of the fixing part 7 by high-strength internal hexagon bolts.

[0032] The internal gear ring 8 is provided with a gear 4 that meshes with it. There are several gears 4, and the number of gears 4 is determined according to the size of the main unit base 1. The gears 4 mesh with the internal gear ring 8.

[0033] The top of the rotating part 6 is horizontally fixed with the main base 1, and the bottom of the main base 1 is fixed to the top of the rotating part 6. When the main base 1 rotates, it drives the rotating part 6 to rotate in the slide groove.

[0034] The main unit 1 is equipped with a yaw drive assembly. Gear 4 is installed at the power output end of the yaw drive assembly. Power is provided by the yaw drive assembly, and the gear 4 meshes with the internal gear ring 8 to drive the main unit 1 to rotate, so as to align with the main wind direction.

[0035] Several sets of radial hydrostatic guide rails 12 are installed on the horizontal bottom of the chute. After all the radial hydrostatic guide rails 12 are connected end to end, they form a radial hydrostatic oil cavity with the bottom of the rotating part 6. The radial hydrostatic guide rails 12 are installed on the horizontal bottom of the chute, which is the horizontal step surface of the fixed part 7. All the radial hydrostatic guide rails 12 are arc-shaped. The center of the radial hydrostatic guide rail 12 coincides with the axis of the fixed part 7. After all the radial hydrostatic guide rails 12 are connected end to end, they form a ring structure. The gap between the radial hydrostatic guide rails 12 and the bottom of the rotating part 6 forms a radial hydrostatic oil cavity. The radial hydrostatic oil cavity plays a radial positioning and support role for the entire wind turbine nacelle and wind turbine.

[0036] Several sets of axial hydrostatic guide rails 18 are installed on the vertical groove wall of the chute. After all the axial hydrostatic guide rails 18 are connected end to end, they form an axial hydrostatic oil cavity with the side wall of the rotating part 6. The axial hydrostatic guide rails 18 are installed on the vertical groove wall of the chute, that is, on the vertical step side wall of the fixed part 7. All the axial hydrostatic guide rails 18 are arc-shaped. The center of the axial hydrostatic guide rail 18 coincides with the axis of the fixed part 7. After all the axial hydrostatic guide rails 18 are connected end to end, they form a ring structure. The gap between the axial hydrostatic guide rail 18 and the inner side wall of the rotating part 6 forms an axial hydrostatic oil cavity. The axial hydrostatic oil cavity plays a radial positioning support role for the nacelle and the wind turbine. Both the radial hydrostatic guide rail 12 and the axial hydrostatic guide rail 18 are made of 10 mm thick zinc-aluminum alloy.

[0037] An oil storage cavity 16 is provided inside the fixed part 7. The oil storage cavity 16 is located inside the fixed part 7 and is used to store the hydraulic oil required for the operation of the hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing. There is no need to add a separate hydraulic oil tank, and the structure is more compact.

[0038] The oil storage cavity 16 has an oil hole 11 that communicates with the slide groove. The oil hole 11 is vertically opened at the bottom of the horizontal groove of the slide groove and is used to connect the radial and axial hydrostatic oil cavities. Example

[0039] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a pressure plate 5 is horizontally fixed to the top of the fixing part 7. It is formed by alloy structural steel ring forging. The inside of the pressure plate 5 is connected to the top of the fixing part 7 by high-strength internal hexagon bolts. The bottom of the main unit 1 has an upward-facing groove for storing the pressure plate 5.

[0040] The pressure plate 5 extends beyond the fixing part 7 and presses against the top of the rotating part 6. The inner diameter of the pressure plate 5 is the same as the inner diameter of the fixing part 7, and the outer diameter of the pressure plate 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the central ring of the fixing part 7. The excess portion of the pressure plate 5 presses against the top of the rotating part 6, improving the stability of the rotating part 6 during rotation.

[0041] Several sets of top static pressure guide rails 19 are installed at the bottom of the pressure plate 5. After all the top static pressure guide rails 19 are connected end to end, they form a top static pressure oil chamber with the top of the rotating part 6. The top static pressure guide rails 19 are installed at the bottom of the pressure plate 5. All the top static pressure guide rails 19 are arc-shaped. The center of the top static pressure guide rail 19 coincides with the axis of the fixed part 7. After all the top static pressure guide rails 19 are connected end to end, they form a ring structure. The gap between the top static pressure guide rails 19 and the top of the rotating part 6 forms a top static pressure oil chamber. When the wind turbine at the front of the nacelle is subjected to wind from a non-horizontal direction, it will generate a large overturning moment on the nacelle, causing the nacelle, that is, the main engine base 1, to nod or tilt. The top static pressure oil chamber plays a role in preventing the rotating part 6 from overturning. Example

[0042] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, each radial hydrostatic guide rail 12 has a first oil groove 13, and a pressure plate 10 is fixed in each of the first oil grooves 13. Each axial hydrostatic guide rail 18 has a second oil groove 17, and a pressure plate 10 is fixed in each of the second oil grooves 17. Each top hydrostatic guide rail 19 has a third oil groove 20. The first oil groove 13 has a rectangular structure and is made of 10 mm thick zinc-aluminum alloy. A pressure plate 10 is fixed in each of the first oil grooves 13. The thickness of the pressure plate 10 is equal to the thickness of the first oil groove 13. The pressure plate 10 is made of zinc-aluminum alloy pressure plate. The pressure plate 10 increases the bearing area of ​​the radial hydrostatic guide rail 12 when there is no oil in the first oil groove 13. The structure and function of the oil grooves and pressure plates inside the axial hydrostatic guide rail 18 and the top hydrostatic guide rail 19 are the same, and will not be described again.

[0043] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, a pressure oil hole communicating with the oil storage cavity 16 is opened in the first oil groove 13 inside the radial hydrostatic guide rail 12. The hydraulic oil in the oil storage cavity 16 enters the first oil groove 13 through the pressure oil hole. After the hydraulic oil fills the first oil groove 13, a high-pressure oil film is formed on the top of the first oil groove 13. This reduces the sliding friction and avoids wear and noise caused by oilless friction on the guide rail surface, thus improving the stability of yaw.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the second oil groove 17 inside the axial hydrostatic guide rail 18 is provided with a pressure oil hole that communicates with the oil storage cavity 16. The structure and effect are the same as those of the radial hydrostatic guide rail 12, and will not be described in detail here.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the third oil groove 20 inside the top hydrostatic guide rail 19 has a pressure oil hole that communicates with the oil storage cavity 16. Its structure and effect are the same as those of the radial hydrostatic guide rail 12 and the axial hydrostatic guide rail 18, and will not be described in detail here. Example

[0046] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 1 As shown, each set of radial hydrostatic guide rails 12, each set of axial hydrostatic guide rails 18, and each set of top hydrostatic guide rails 19 are provided with oil return grooves 14. The spacing of the oil return grooves 14 between each set of radial hydrostatic guide rails 12 is 20 mm. The oil return grooves 14 between the axial hydrostatic guide rails 18 and the top hydrostatic guide rails 19 have the same structure. During installation, the oil return grooves 14 of the axial hydrostatic oil chamber and the oil return grooves 14 of the radial hydrostatic oil chamber must be aligned to ensure that the hydraulic oil can flow smoothly back to the oil storage cavity 16 through the oil hole 11. Example

[0047] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 3As shown, the bottom of the fixing part 7 is provided with a through groove communicating with the oil storage cavity 16. An oil sealing plate 15 is detachably installed in the through groove. The oil sealing plate 15 is installed in the through groove at the bottom of the fixing part 7, forming a closed oil storage cavity in the fixing part 7. The flow of hydraulic oil in the oil storage cavity 16 is controlled by the detachable oil sealing plate 15, which facilitates the replacement and cleaning of the oil storage cavity 16. Example

[0048] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 3 As shown, the vertical groove wall of the fixed part 7 slide is inclined inward, and the vertical circular sidewall inside the fixed part 7 adopts a tapered surface with a taper of 1 / 12. The inclined vertical circular sidewall is conducive to aligning the axis of the rotating part 6 with the axis of the fixed part 7, and can also increase the stability of the rotating part 6 when the main body base 1 is subjected to overturning moment. Example

[0049] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, an oil receiving groove 21 is installed on the inner side wall of the fixing part 7. The oil receiving groove 21 has an annular structure and is located below the internal gear ring 8. An oil hole 11 communicating with the oil receiving groove 21 is opened on the side wall of the oil storage cavity 16. The oil receiving groove 21 is used to receive hydraulic oil overflowing from the gap between the pressure plate 5 and the fixing part 7. The hydraulic oil in the oil receiving groove 21 flows back to the oil storage cavity 16 through the oil hole 11 to avoid the overflowing hydraulic oil from contaminating the unit. Example

[0050] This embodiment further illustrates the technology, such as Figure 1 As shown, the yaw drive assembly includes a yaw motor 2, a yaw reducer 3 is mounted on the bottom of the yaw motor 2, and a gear 4 is mounted on the power output end of the yaw reducer 3. When the yaw motor 2 starts, it drives the gear 4 to rotate. After the yaw reducer 3 reduces the speed of the gear 4, it drives the main unit 1 to rotate and align with the wind direction.

[0051] Working principle:

[0052] The yaw motor 2 starts and drives the gear 4 to rotate. After the yaw reducer 3 reduces the speed of the gear 4, the internal gear ring 8 meshes with the gear 4. Since the fixed part 7 is fixed on the tower 9, the internal gear ring 8 is fixed on the fixed part 7, thereby driving the main unit base 1 to rotate, so that it is aligned with the wind direction, and the wind turbine at the front of the main unit base 1 captures wind energy. When the main unit base 1 rotates, it drives the rotating part 6 to rotate in the slide groove of the fixed part 7. During this process, the hydraulic pump station first draws hydraulic oil from the oil storage cavity 16. The hydraulic oil enters the three oil tanks through the pressure oil holes inside the radial hydrostatic guide rail 12, the axial hydrostatic guide rail 18, and the top hydrostatic guide rail 19. After the hydraulic oil fills the oil tanks, a high-pressure oil film with a thickness of 30-40 micrometers is formed between the annular contact surface of the radial hydrostatic guide rail 12 and the bottom of the rotating part 6, that is, in the radial hydrostatic oil cavity. This causes the rotating part 6 to float on the radial hydrostatic guide rail 12 and rotate. A high-pressure oil film is formed between the annular contact surfaces of the inner sidewall of the rotating part 6, i.e., in the axial static pressure oil chamber. Hydraulic oil also enters the bottom of the pressure plate 5, forming a high-pressure oil film between the annular contact surfaces of the top static pressure guide rail 19 and the top of the rotating part 6, i.e., in the top static pressure oil chamber. The three together reduce sliding friction and avoid wear and noise caused by oilless friction on the guide rail surface, thus improving yaw stability. When the main unit 1 is aligned with the wind direction and does not yaw, the operation of the hydraulic pump is stopped. Under the action of gravity, the hydraulic oil in the three static pressure oil chambers flows back to the oil storage cavity 16 through the return oil groove 14 and the oil hole 11. At this time, the three surfaces of the rotating part 6 are in direct contact with the radial static pressure guide rail 12, the axial static pressure guide rail 18 and the top static pressure guide rail 19, respectively. The static friction coefficient increases, and together with the electromagnetic braking force of the yaw motor, the main unit 1 is fixed. There is no need to add an additional yaw brake disc and brake, which reduces the unit cost.

Claims

1. A closed-type hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for a wind turbine generator set, comprising a vertically mounted tower (9), characterized in that: The tower (9) has a horizontally fixed part (7) at its top. The fixed part (7) is annular in shape. A groove is provided on the outer side wall of the fixed part (7). A rotating part (6) is fitted inside the groove and is in sliding engagement with it. An internal gear ring (8) is horizontally fixed on the inner side wall of the fixed part (7). A gear (4) meshes with the internal gear ring (8). A main unit base (1) is horizontally fixed on the top of the rotating part (6). A yaw drive assembly is installed inside the main unit base (1). The gear (4) is installed on the yaw drive assembly. At the power output end, several sets of radial hydrostatic guide rails (12) are installed on the horizontal bottom of the chute. After all the radial hydrostatic guide rails (12) are connected end to end, they form a radial hydrostatic oil cavity with the bottom of the rotating part (6). Several sets of axial hydrostatic guide rails (18) are installed on the vertical wall of the chute. After all the axial hydrostatic guide rails (18) are connected end to end, they form an axial hydrostatic oil cavity with the side wall of the rotating part (6). An oil storage cavity (16) is opened in the fixed part (7). An oil hole (11) communicating with the chute is opened in the oil storage cavity (16).

2. The enclosed hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fixed part (7) is horizontally fixed with a pressure plate (5). The pressure plate (5) extends beyond the fixed part (7) and presses against the top of the rotating part (6). Several sets of top static pressure guide rails (19) are installed at the bottom of the pressure plate (5). All the top static pressure guide rails (19) are connected end to end and form a top static pressure oil cavity with the top of the rotating part (6).

3. The enclosed hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each radial hydrostatic guide rail (12) has a first oil groove (13) inside, and a pressure plate (10) is fixed inside each first oil groove (13). Each axial hydrostatic guide rail (18) has a second oil groove (17) inside, and a pressure plate (10) is fixed inside each second oil groove (17). Each top hydrostatic guide rail (19) has a third oil groove (20).

4. The enclosed hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets according to claim 2, characterized in that: Oil return grooves (14) are provided between each set of radial hydrostatic guide rails (12), between each set of axial hydrostatic guide rails (18), and between each set of top hydrostatic guide rails (19).

5. The enclosed hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the fixing part (7) is provided with a through groove that communicates with the oil storage cavity (16), and an oil sealing plate (15) can be detachably installed in the through groove.

6. The enclosed hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical groove wall of the fixed part (7) groove is inclined inward.

7. The enclosed hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets according to claim 2, characterized in that: An oil receiving groove (21) is installed on the inner side wall of the fixing part (7). The oil receiving groove (21) has an annular structure and is located below the inner gear ring (8). An oil hole (11) communicating with the oil receiving groove (21) is opened on the side wall of the oil storage cavity (16).

8. The enclosed hydrostatic sliding yaw bearing for wind turbine generator sets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yaw drive assembly includes a yaw motor (2), a yaw reducer (3) is mounted on the bottom of the yaw motor (2), and a gear (4) is mounted on the power output end of the yaw reducer (3).

Images