Fire grate tail combustion efficiency improving device, incinerator and garbage power plant

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fire grate tail combustion efficiency improving device, an incinerator and a garbage power plant. The fire grate tail combustion efficiency improving device comprises an air adding device used for conveying gas to a furnace wall; the hot air conveying pipeline is connected with the air adding device, arranged on the incinerator wall of the incinerator and used for receiving the gas of the air adding device and heating the gas through the incinerator wall; the air blowing device is connected with the hot air conveying pipeline and is arranged on a rear wall furnace door of the incinerator; and the gas blowing device blows the gas heated by the incinerator wall to a fire grate tail burnout section in the incinerator from top to bottom. The problems of poor calorific value of the blended combustion stale garbage, rear fire line and slag generation are solved, and the stability and continuity of combustion are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of waste-to-energy, and in particular to a grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device, an incinerator, and a waste-to-energy plant. Background Technology

[0002] In current waste-to-energy plants, co-firing aged waste is an effective way to compensate for insufficient waste input. However, aged waste has been landfilled for a long time, resulting in high moisture content and partial decomposition of organic matter, leading to low calorific value.

[0003] Blending aged waste with other fuels leads to instability in the overall calorific value of the fuel, affecting the stability and continuity of combustion. Due to the low calorific value and slow combustion rate, the ignition point tends to be further back in the combustion process, making it difficult to control. Traditional waste incineration methods have limitations when processing aged waste, often facing problems such as poor calorific value and a delayed ignition point. This not only affects combustion efficiency but also reduces heat exchange efficiency and unit thermal efficiency, making it difficult to fully meet the demands for efficient combustion and energy utilization. Furthermore, poor combustion results in the formation of slag, potentially leading to environmental incidents. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a grate tail combustion efficiency enhancement device, an incinerator, and a waste-to-energy plant, which can improve the combustion efficiency, flue gas velocity, and flow rate at the tail of the grate, and supplement the oxygen content in the incinerator to enhance boiler heat exchange efficiency.

[0005] Specifically, this application provides a grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device for waste-to-energy plants that co-fire aged waste; comprising:

[0006] A draft device is used to supply gas to the furnace walls;

[0007] A hot air delivery pipeline, connected to the air supply device, is installed on the furnace wall of the incinerator for receiving gas from the air supply device and heating the gas using the furnace wall; and

[0008] A blowing device, connected to the hot air delivery pipeline, is installed on the rear wall furnace door of the incinerator; the blowing device blows the gas heated by the furnace wall to the burnout section of the grate inside the incinerator from top to bottom.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the air blowing device includes two nozzles; the two nozzles are respectively located on the left and right sides of the furnace door on the rear wall.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the angle between the nozzle and the grate is 40°-50°.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the hot air delivery pipeline includes a left-side pipeline and a right-side pipeline; the left-side pipeline is disposed on the left-side furnace wall of the incinerator, and the right-side pipeline is disposed on the right-side furnace wall of the incinerator.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the hot air delivery pipeline further includes a merging pipeline;

[0013] The merging pipeline is connected to the left pipeline and the right pipeline respectively, and the merging pipeline is connected to the air blowing device; the merging pipeline is used to collect the gas passing through the left pipeline and the right pipeline and deliver it to the air blowing device.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the hot air delivery pipeline further includes a left-side air blowing pipeline and a right-side air blowing pipeline;

[0015] The air blowing device includes a left nozzle and a right nozzle; the left nozzle and the right nozzle are respectively located on the left and right sides of the furnace door on the rear wall;

[0016] The left air blowing pipe is connected to the left nozzle, and the right air blowing pipe is connected to the right nozzle.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, both the left-side air blowing pipe and the right-side air blowing pipe are equipped with air volume regulating valves and pressure gauges.

[0018] In addition, this application also provides an incinerator for co-firing aged waste, including a grate and a grate tail combustion efficiency enhancement device as described above; the grate tail combustion efficiency enhancement device blows gas heated by the furnace wall into the burnout section of the grate tail in the incinerator from top to bottom.

[0019] In addition, this application also provides a waste-to-energy plant for co-firing aged waste; including the incinerator described above.

[0020] As a preferred option, the following also include:

[0021] A garbage dump, used to store garbage;

[0022] A waste pit suction device is connected to the waste pit and the incinerator, and is used to absorb the gas in the waste pit and transport it into the incinerator;

[0023] The first air supply device is located on the upper left and right sides of the incinerator and is used to supply air to the left and right sides inside the incinerator.

[0024] The second air supply device is located on the narrowest front and rear sides of the upper passage of the incinerator, and the second air supply device is lower than the first air supply device, and is used to supply air to the grate in the incinerator.

[0025] Boiler, connected to the incinerator;

[0026] A deacidification reaction tower, connected to the boiler, is used for deacidification of the incinerator's tail gas; and

[0027] A bag filter is connected to the deacidification reaction tower and is used for dust removal from the exhaust gas of the incinerator.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] It solves the problems of poor calorific value, late ignition line, and raw slag in the co-firing of aged waste, ensuring the stability and continuity of combustion.

[0030] The hot air pressure is maintained at the required pressure by the air supply device, air volume regulating valve and pressure gauge, providing a stable hot air source. The hot air is delivered to the left and right sides of the furnace door on the rear wall of the furnace through the hot air delivery pipe. Nozzles are installed on the left and right sides of the furnace door to make the hot air directly hit the five-section sliding grate. This solves the problem of the fire line being too far back in the incineration of low-calorific-value waste. It can also supplement the oxygen-enriched combustion in the incinerator, alleviate the coking problem in the incinerator, and further improve the flue gas velocity and flow rate to increase the heat exchange effect, thereby achieving efficient combustion and full utilization of energy.

[0031] It can achieve oxygen-enriched combustion in the incinerator, which has a good disturbance effect on the flue gas generated in the incinerator and can effectively reduce the coking problem on the incinerator walls and furnace arch.

[0032] This can improve system thermal efficiency. Increased flue gas velocity leads to increased flue gas volume, thereby enhancing convective heat transfer. The increased flue gas velocity also increases the heat transfer temperature and pressure between the flue gas and the superheater, thus enhancing the heat transfer effect. Furthermore, the increased flue gas velocity leads to increased flue gas flow rate, further promoting the efficiency of the heat transfer process. When the boiler load increases, the flue gas temperature at the furnace outlet rises, and the temperature of the flue gas entering the convective heating surface also increases accordingly. This increase in heat transfer temperature and pressure, combined with the increased flue gas velocity, results in an increase in steam temperature and main steam pressure in the convective superheater, thereby improving the overall system thermal efficiency.

[0033] This application has a simple structure, is easy to install and maintain, and has high practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this application. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a waste-to-energy plant according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of part A of a waste-to-energy plant in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms, etc., are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device, element, module, system, platform, or device referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The following description of this application is only to be understood as a description of individual embodiments of the technical solutions of this application. Other embodiments are not reflected in the following description, but this does not mean that this application excludes these other embodiments, nor is the technical solution of this application limited to the specific implementations described below, and the protection scope of this application is not limited to the specific implementations described below. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0041] It should be noted that if the terms "first," "second," etc., appear in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application, such descriptions are only used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a system, product, or device that comprises a series of units, modules, or components is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other components not explicitly listed or inherent to such systems, products, or devices.

[0042] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a waste-to-energy plant 1 for co-firing aged waste. The aged waste has been landfilled for a long time, has a high moisture content, and the organic matter has been partially decomposed, resulting in a low calorific value. Co-firing aged waste will make the overall calorific value of the fuel unstable.

[0044] The waste-to-energy plant 1 includes an incinerator 11, a waste pit 12, a waste pit suction device 13, a grab bucket 14, a boiler 15, a first air supply device 16, a second air supply device 17, a deacidification reaction tower 18, a bag filter 19, a silencer 110, an induced draft fan 111, and a chimney 112.

[0045] Specifically, garbage pit 12 is used to store garbage.

[0046] The garbage pit suction device 13 is connected to the garbage pit 12 and the incinerator 11. The garbage pit suction device 13 is used to absorb the gas in the garbage pit 12 and transport it into the incinerator 11.

[0047] The first air supply device 16 is disposed on the upper left and right sides of the incinerator 11, and the first air supply device 16 is used to supply air to the left and right sides inside the incinerator 11.

[0048] The second air supply device 17 is located on the narrowest front and rear sides of the upper passage of the incinerator 11, and the second air supply device 17 is lower than the first air supply device 16. The second air supply device 17 is used to supply air to the grate inside the incinerator 11.

[0049] Boiler 15 is connected to incinerator 11; boiler 15 is used for heat exchange using combustion gases from incinerator.

[0050] The deacidification reaction tower 18 is connected to the boiler 15 and is used for deacidification of the tail gas of the incinerator 11.

[0051] The bag filter 19 is connected to the deacidification reaction tower 18 and is used for dust removal from the exhaust gas of the incinerator 11.

[0052] The silencer 110 is connected to the bag filter 19 and is used to reduce noise during the smoke exhaust process.

[0053] The exhaust fan 111 and the silencer 110 are used to create negative pressure to exhaust smoke.

[0054] Chimney 112 is connected to induced draft fan 111 and is used for exhausting smoke.

[0055] In some embodiments, the incinerator 11 includes a grate and a grate tail combustion efficiency enhancement device 2; the grate tail combustion efficiency enhancement device 2 blows gas heated by the furnace wall 111 into the burnout section of the grate tail in the incinerator 11 from top to bottom.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2-3 As shown, a grate tail combustion efficiency enhancement device 2 is used in a waste-to-energy plant 1 that co-fires aged waste. The grate tail combustion efficiency enhancement device 2 includes:

[0057] Air supply device 21 is used to supply gas to furnace wall 111;

[0058] A hot air delivery pipe 22, connected to the air supply device 21, is installed on the furnace wall 111 of the incinerator 11, for receiving the gas from the air supply device 21 and heating the gas using the furnace wall 111; and

[0059] A blowing device 23 is connected to the hot air conveying pipeline 22 and is installed on the furnace door 112 on the rear wall of the incinerator 11. The blowing device 23 blows the gas heated by the furnace wall 111 to the burnout section of the grate in the incinerator 11 from top to bottom.

[0060] In some embodiments, the air blowing device 23 includes two nozzles; the two nozzles are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the rear wall furnace door; the included angle between the nozzles and the grate is 40°-50°, preferably 45°.

[0061] In some embodiments, the hot air delivery pipeline 22 includes a left pipeline 221 and a right pipeline 222; the left pipeline 221 is disposed on the left furnace wall 1111 of the incinerator 11, and the right pipeline 222 is disposed on the right furnace wall 1112 of the incinerator 11.

[0062] In some embodiments, the hot air delivery pipeline 22 further includes a confluence pipeline 223;

[0063] The confluence pipe 223 connects to the left pipe 221 and the right pipe 222 respectively, and the confluence pipe 223 is connected to the air blowing device 23; the confluence pipe 223 is used to collect the gas passing through the left pipe 221 and the right pipe 222 and deliver it to the air blowing device 23.

[0064] In some embodiments, the hot air delivery pipeline 22 further includes a left air blowing pipeline 224 and a right air blowing pipeline 225;

[0065] The air blowing device 23 includes a left nozzle 231 and a right nozzle 232; the left nozzle 231 and the right nozzle 232 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the rear wall furnace door 112;

[0066] The left air blowing pipe 224 is connected to the left nozzle 231, and the right air blowing pipe 225 is connected to the right nozzle 232.

[0067] In some embodiments, both the left air blowing pipe 224 and the right air blowing pipe 225 are provided with air volume regulating valves 2241 / 2251 and pressure gauges 2242 / 2252.

[0068] For waste-to-energy incinerators, especially the five-stage grate, the tail end is already the burnout section. However, the calorific value of aged waste is low, and it may not be completely burned by the fifth stage, resulting in slag at the bottom and raw material on top. The fifth-stage blower has low output and cannot blow the waste thoroughly. This application solves the problem of adding air from the bottom of the grate to the tail end of the grate by adding air from the top down. This solves the problem that adding air from the bottom of the grate would only intensify combustion and fail to replenish the oxygen in the incinerator, making the incinerator oxygen-rich and increasing the flue gas velocity and heat exchange, which is helpful for co-firing aged waste and industrial waste. Moreover, it has a good disturbance effect on the flue gas generated in the incinerator, which can effectively reduce coking problems on the incinerator walls and arch, and improve the system thermal efficiency.

[0069] This application uses an air supply device, an air volume regulating valve, and a pressure gauge to maintain the hot air pressure at the required level, providing a stable hot air source. The hot air is delivered to the left and right sides of the furnace door on the rear wall of the furnace via a hot air delivery pipe. Nozzles are installed on the left and right sides of the furnace door to allow the hot air to directly hit the five-section sliding grate, solving the problem of the low-calorific-value waste incineration fire line being too far back. It can also supplement the oxygen-enriched combustion in the incinerator, alleviate the coking problem in the incinerator, further improve the flue gas velocity and flow rate, increase the heat exchange effect, and achieve efficient combustion and full utilization of energy.

[0070] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0071] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application and are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, not to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device for waste-to-energy plants that co-fire aged waste; characterized in that, include: A draft device is used to supply gas to the furnace walls; A hot air delivery pipeline, connected to the air supply device, is installed on the furnace wall of the incinerator for receiving gas from the air supply device and heating the gas using the furnace wall; and A blowing device, connected to the hot air delivery pipeline, is installed on the rear wall furnace door of the incinerator; the blowing device blows the gas heated by the furnace wall to the burnout section of the grate inside the incinerator from top to bottom.

2. The grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air blowing device includes two nozzles; the two nozzles are respectively located on the left and right sides of the furnace door on the rear wall.

3. The grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the nozzle and the grate is 40°-50°.

4. The grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air delivery pipeline includes a left-side pipeline and a right-side pipeline; the left-side pipeline is installed on the left-side furnace wall of the incinerator, and the right-side pipeline is installed on the right-side furnace wall of the incinerator.

5. The grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hot air delivery pipeline also includes a merging pipeline; The merging pipeline is connected to the left pipeline and the right pipeline respectively, and the merging pipeline is connected to the air blowing device; the merging pipeline is used to collect the gas passing through the left pipeline and the right pipeline and deliver it to the air blowing device.

6. The grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hot air delivery pipeline also includes a left-side air blowing pipeline and a right-side air blowing pipeline; The air blowing device includes a left nozzle and a right nozzle; the left nozzle and the right nozzle are respectively located on the left and right sides of the furnace door on the rear wall; The left air blowing pipe is connected to the left nozzle, and the right air blowing pipe is connected to the right nozzle.

7. The grate tail combustion efficiency improvement device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the left-side and right-side air blowing pipes are equipped with air volume regulating valves and pressure gauges.

8. An incinerator for co-firing aged waste, comprising a grate; characterized in that... It also includes a grate tail combustion efficiency enhancement device as described in any one of claims 1-7; the grate tail combustion efficiency enhancement device blows gas heated by the furnace wall into the grate tail burnout section of the incinerator from top to bottom.

9. A waste-to-energy plant for co-firing aged waste; characterized in that... Including the incinerator as described in claim 8.

10. The waste-to-energy plant according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A garbage dump, used to store garbage; A waste pit suction device is connected to the waste pit and the incinerator, and is used to absorb the gas in the waste pit and transport it into the incinerator; The first air supply device is located on the upper left and right sides of the incinerator and is used to supply air to the left and right sides inside the incinerator. The second air supply device is located on the narrowest front and rear sides of the upper passage of the incinerator, and the second air supply device is lower than the first air supply device, and is used to supply air to the grate in the incinerator. Boiler, connected to the incinerator; A deacidification reaction tower, connected to the boiler, is used for deacidification of the exhaust gas from the incinerator; as well as A bag filter is connected to the deacidification reaction tower and is used for dust removal from the exhaust gas of the incinerator.

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