SF6 sensor

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of monitoring sensors, and discloses an SF6 sensor which comprises a base, a positioning box is arranged above the base, a top ring is arranged above the positioning box, and a rotating frame is rotatably arranged on the top ring; a driving mechanism is arranged on the top ring; the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the rotating stand, and a sensor assembly is rotatably arranged on the rotating stand; a transmission mechanism is arranged on the rotating frame; the transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the sensor assembly; a synchronous unfolding mechanism is fixedly arranged on the positioning box; two telescopic frames are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the positioning box. The telescopic frames are provided with gas collecting assemblies, and the synchronous unfolding mechanism is in transmission connection with the two telescopic frames. According to the utility model, long-distance large-range coverage is realized; the synchronous unfolding mechanism drives the shear frame type telescopic frame to be matched with an active gas collection system composed of the conical gas collection hood and the centrifugal fan, and the monitoring radius is enlarged. The driving mechanism drives the rotating frame to rotate horizontally, and the transmission mechanism achieves vertical swing of the sensor assembly through bevel gear meshing to eliminate a monitoring blind area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of monitoring sensor technology, and more specifically, to an SF6 sensor. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of combined electrical appliances and SF6 switches in power equipment, SF6 gas leaks occur frequently. This incident is one of the main safety hazards in the operation of high-voltage substations. The density of SF6 gas is about five times that of air. If SF6 gas leaks, it will inevitably settle in low-lying areas. If the concentration is too high, it will cause the danger of suffocation and threaten the life safety of maintenance personnel.

[0003] Existing technology publication CN117907231A discloses an SF6 infrared sensor, including a sensor mounting bracket, a U-shaped guide rail fixedly connected to the sensor mounting bracket, a positioning shaft rotatably connected to the U-shaped guide rail, a transmission mechanism corresponding to the positioning shaft on the U-shaped guide rail, a turntable bracket fixedly connected to the positioning shaft, and multiple sets of infrared sensor bodies movably latched on the turntable bracket. Driven by the transmission mechanism, the SF6 infrared sensor causes the turntable bracket and multiple sets of infrared sensor bodies to dynamically swing left and right, increasing the indoor detection range of a single infrared sensor body and reducing costs. The swinging of the infrared sensor body also causes adjacent infrared sensor bodies to repeatedly detect in the same position and direction, enabling timely detection and early warning of faulty infrared sensor bodies. The quick-connect component design allows for rapid disassembly, replacement, and maintenance of the infrared sensor bodies.

[0004] While the existing technical solutions described above can achieve the relevant beneficial effects through their structure, they still have the following drawbacks: 1. Limited monitoring range and large monitoring blind spots: Traditional SF6 sensors mostly rely on natural gas diffusion sampling, and the monitoring range is limited to an area of ​​only 0.1-1m around the sensor. This cannot cover large spaces such as high-voltage equipment rooms and cable trenches, making it difficult to detect leaks at long distances and easily leading to missed leaks. There are obvious spatial monitoring blind spots. 2. A single sensor can only cover either the low concentration range or only the high concentration range, and cannot achieve accurate measurement across the entire range.

[0005] In view of this, we propose an SF6 sensor. Utility Model Content

[0006] 1. The technical problems to be solved.

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide an SF6 sensor that solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art and achieves the effect of long-distance and large-area coverage. The monitoring radius is expanded by driving the shear frame telescopic frame through a synchronous deployment mechanism, combined with the active gas collection system composed of a conical gas collection hood and a centrifugal fan. The drive mechanism drives the rotating frame to rotate horizontally, while the transmission mechanism achieves the technical effect of eliminating the monitoring blind zone by vertically swinging the sensor component through bevel gear meshing.

[0008] 2. Technical solution.

[0009] This application provides an SF6 sensor, including: a base, a positioning box, a top ring, a drive mechanism, a sensor assembly, a transmission mechanism, a rotating frame, a synchronous deployment mechanism, a telescopic frame, and a gas collection assembly.

[0010] A positioning box is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and a top ring is fixedly installed on the top of the positioning box. The top ring is a circular ring. A rotating frame is rotatably installed on the top ring. A drive mechanism is fixedly installed on the top ring. The drive mechanism is connected to the rotating frame through a transmission, and the drive mechanism can drive the rotating frame to rotate.

[0011] A sensor assembly is mounted on the rotating frame, allowing it to rotate vertically; a transmission mechanism is fixedly mounted on the rotating frame; the transmission mechanism and the sensor assembly are connected by a transmission mechanism. Angle sensors are mounted on both the sensor assembly and the rotating frame.

[0012] A synchronous deployment mechanism is fixedly installed on the positioning box; two telescopic frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning box; air collection components are installed on the telescopic frames. The synchronous deployment mechanism and the two telescopic frames are connected by a transmission.

[0013] The above technical solution monitors the surrounding gas using a sensor assembly. A drive mechanism rotates the rotating frame and sensor assembly horizontally, while a transmission mechanism simultaneously causes the sensor assembly to swing vertically. A synchronous deployment mechanism deploys two telescopic frames, which in turn deploy a gas collection assembly, drawing surrounding gas to the sensor assembly for monitoring. This expands the SF6 monitoring range.

[0014] As an optional solution of this utility model, the drive mechanism includes a motor A and a shaft.

[0015] Motor A is fixedly mounted on top of the positioning box. A shaft is coaxially fixed to the output end of motor A, and the shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating frame. Motor A is a forward and reverse reversible motor.

[0016] The above technical solution starts the motor A to drive the shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating frame to rotate, thereby driving the sensor assembly to rotate for all-round monitoring.

[0017] As an optional embodiment of this utility model, the sensor assembly includes a rotating plate, an infrared SF6 sensor body, and a laser SF6 sensor body.

[0018] The rotating plate is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame, and the infrared SF6 sensor body and the laser SF6 sensor body are fixedly mounted on the rotating plate.

[0019] As an optional solution of this utility model, the transmission mechanism includes a double-sided bevel gear, a driving bevel gear, a connecting plate, and a fixed bevel gear.

[0020] A connecting rod and a reinforcing plate are fixedly installed on the inner side of the rotating frame; the other end of the connecting rod and the reinforcing plate is fixedly installed on the positioning plate.

[0021] A double-sided bevel gear and a driving bevel gear are rotatably mounted on the positioning plate; a U-shaped frame is fixedly mounted on the positioning box; a fixed bevel gear is fixedly mounted below the top of the U-shaped frame. The fixed bevel gear is coaxial with the shaft and meshes with the double-sided bevel gear for transmission. A rotating column is fixedly mounted on the offset edge of the driving bevel gear. During the rotation of the sensor assembly and the rotating frame, there is no interference between the sensor assembly and the rotating frame and the U-shaped frame. A connecting plate is rotatably mounted on the rotating plate; the connecting plate is rotatably connected to the rotating column.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, during the rotation of the sensor assembly and the rotating frame around the shaft, the positioning plate drives the double-sided bevel gear to rotate around the shaft. Since the fixed bevel gear and the double-sided bevel gear are meshed and connected, the double-sided bevel gear rotates on its own. The double-sided bevel gear drives the driving bevel gear to rotate. The driving bevel gear drives the connecting plate to reciprocate. The connecting plate drives the rotating plate and the sensor assembly to rotate in the horizontal direction and to swing up and down, so as to perform all-round monitoring.

[0023] As an optional solution of this utility model, the synchronous unfolding mechanism includes a motor B, a lead screw, and a top block.

[0024] A motor B is fixedly installed inside the positioning box, and a lead screw is rotatably installed inside the positioning box, coaxially and fixedly connected to the output end of motor B. Top rods are symmetrically and rotatably installed on both sides of the top block; the top block is slidably installed inside the positioning box; the top block is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The top rods are rotatably connected to the inner end of the telescopic frame.

[0025] The telescopic frame is a shear frame composed of multiple strip plates. The upper end of the telescopic frame is rotatably mounted on the positioning box, and the lower end of the telescopic frame is slidably mounted on the positioning box via sliding columns.

[0026] The positioning box has sliding grooves on both sides, and the sliding column is slidably connected to the sliding groove.

[0027] Through the above technical solution, the starter motor B drives the lead screw to rotate, the lead screw drives the top block to move, the top block drives the two top rods to rotate, and the top rods drive the corresponding telescopic frame to open or retract.

[0028] As an optional solution of this utility model, the gas collection assembly includes a screw, a nylon cap, a gas pipe fixing sleeve, a locking bolt, and a conical gas collection hood.

[0029] The telescopic frame has screws at multiple rotating joints, and nylon caps are detachably fixed on the screws.

[0030] A duct fixing sleeve is fixedly installed on the screw, and a locking bolt is installed on the duct fixing sleeve; a conical gas collecting hood is fixedly installed on the duct fixing sleeve. Two centrifugal fans are fixedly installed on the positioning box, and the input end of the centrifugal fans is connected to the duct; the duct is a flexible hose, and the duct passes through multiple duct fixing sleeves on the same side. The inside of the conical gas collecting hood is connected to the duct.

[0031] The output end of the centrifugal fan is connected to the gas detection chamber inlet of the infrared SF6 sensor body and the laser SF6 sensor body via a T-junction.

[0032] With the above technical solution, after the telescopic frame is deployed, air far from the positioning box can be collected by a centrifugal fan and a conical gas collection hood, and then transported to the sensor assembly for SF6 gas monitoring, thereby improving the monitoring range.

[0033] As an optional solution of this utility model, the other end of the telescopic frame is rotatably provided with a support frame, the height of the support frame is adjustable, a height adjustment knob is provided on the support frame, and casters with brakes are provided at the bottom of the support frame.

[0034] 3. Beneficial effects.

[0035] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages.

[0036] 1. Achieve long-distance and wide-area coverage: The long-distance coverage capability has been greatly improved: By driving the shear frame telescopic frame with the synchronous deployment mechanism, and in combination with the active gas collection system composed of the conical gas collection hood and centrifugal fan, the monitoring radius is expanded, which solves the problem that the monitoring range of a single sensor is limited to the surrounding environment. It can cover the comprehensive leakage monitoring needs of large space scenarios such as high-voltage equipment and power room.

[0037] 2. The drive mechanism drives the rotating frame to rotate 360° horizontally, while the transmission mechanism realizes the vertical swing of the sensor component through the meshing of bevel gears, forming a three-dimensional scanning trajectory with a full horizontal circumference and a wide vertical range. Combined with the spatial extension of the telescopic frame, the monitoring blind spot is completely eliminated.

[0038] 3. Improved measurement accuracy and reliability: Infrared sensors cover high-concentration leakage scenarios, while laser sensors focus on low-concentration for precise measurement. The PLC control module enables data switching and cross-verification between different concentration ranges, thus avoiding the problems of insufficient accuracy or range overflow of a single sensor in low range.

[0039] 4. Maintenance and Adaptation Flexibility: The telescopic frame can be folded and stored, taking up little space during transportation and storage; the air pipe fixing sleeve and other components are designed to be detachable, making it easy to clean dust and replace the air pipe; the PLC control module supports program customization, and can adjust the scanning speed, sampling frequency and threshold parameters according to different scenarios, adapting to the SF6 gas leak monitoring needs of multiple industries such as power and chemical industries. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the SF6 sensor disclosed in this application.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the SF6 sensor disclosed in this application.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the synchronous deployment mechanism of the SF6 sensor disclosed in this application.

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the SF6 sensor disclosed in this application.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the gas collection assembly of the SF6 sensor disclosed in this application.

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the signal amplification circuit of the SF6 sensor disclosed in this application.

[0046] Markings in the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Positioning box; 3. Top ring; 4. Drive mechanism; 5. Sensor assembly; 6. Transmission mechanism; 7. Rotating frame; 8. Synchronous deployment mechanism; 9. Telescopic frame; 10. Gas collection assembly; 11. Support frame; 21. Cover plate groove; 22. Slide groove; 23. U-shaped frame; 41. Motor A; 42. Shaft; 51. Rotating plate; 52. Infrared SF6 sensor body; 53. Laser SF6 sensor body; 61. 62. Double-sided bevel gear; 63. Drive bevel gear; 64. Fixed bevel gear; 65. Connecting plate; 76. Rotating column; 77. Connecting rod; 78. Reinforcing plate; 79. Positioning plate; 80. Motor B; 81. Lead screw; 82. Top block; 83. Top rod; 91. Sliding column; 102. Screw; 103. Nylon cap; 104. Air pipe fixing sleeve; 105. Locking bolt; 106. Conical air collection hood; 107. Air pipe; 108. Centrifugal fan. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application provides an SF6 sensor, including: a base 1, a positioning box 2, a top ring 3, a drive mechanism 4, a sensor assembly 5, a transmission mechanism 6, a rotating frame 7, a synchronous deployment mechanism 8, a telescopic frame 9, and an air collection assembly 10.

[0049] A positioning box 2 is fixedly mounted on top of the base 1, and a top ring 3, which is circular, is fixedly mounted on top of the positioning box 2. A rotating frame 7 is rotatably mounted on the top ring 3. A drive mechanism 4 is fixedly mounted on the top ring 3. The drive mechanism 4 is connected to the rotating frame 7 and can drive the rotating frame 7 to rotate. The base 1 has several circular mounting holes, and reinforcing ribs are provided around the mounting holes to improve the base's resistance to overturning moment. It can be fixed to the ground with expansion bolts. The base 1 is made of stainless steel. The positioning box 2, rotating frame 7, and top ring 3 are made of aluminum alloy.

[0050] A sensor assembly 5 is mounted on the rotating frame 7 and can rotate vertically; a transmission mechanism 6 is fixedly mounted on the rotating frame 7; the transmission mechanism 6 and the sensor assembly 5 are connected by a transmission mechanism. Angle sensors are mounted on the sensor assembly 5 and the rotating frame 7.

[0051] A synchronous deployment mechanism 8 is fixedly installed on the positioning box 2; two telescopic frames 9 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning box 2; an air collection assembly 10 is installed on the telescopic frames 9. The synchronous deployment mechanism 8 and the two telescopic frames 9 are connected by a transmission.

[0052] In this technical solution, the surrounding gas is monitored by sensor assembly 5. The drive mechanism 4 drives the rotating frame 7 and sensor assembly 5 to rotate horizontally. Simultaneously, the transmission mechanism 6 drives the sensor assembly 5 to swing vertically up and down. A synchronous deployment mechanism 8 drives two telescopic frames 9 to deploy synchronously. The telescopic frames 9 then drive the gas collection assembly 10 to deploy, drawing gas from the vicinity of the gas collection assembly 10 to the sensor assembly 5 for monitoring. This expands the monitoring range of SF6.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The drive mechanism 4 includes a motor A41 and a shaft 42.

[0054] A motor A41 is fixedly mounted on top of the positioning box 2. A shaft 42 is coaxially fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor A41, and the shaft 42 is fixedly connected to the rotating frame 7. The motor A41 is a forward and reverse reversible motor.

[0055] Motor A41 is a 200W servo motor (model: ECMA-C20604RS, rated speed 3000rpm, torque 0.64N·M), paired with a planetary reducer (reduction ratio 100:1), and the output shaft is connected to shaft 42 through a shrink sleeve.

[0056] In this technical solution, the starter motor A41 drives the shaft 42 to rotate, the shaft 42 drives the rotating frame 7 to rotate, thereby driving the sensor assembly 5 to rotate for all-round monitoring.

[0057] Furthermore, the sensor assembly 5 includes a rotating plate 51, an infrared SF6 sensor body 52, and a laser SF6 sensor body 53.

[0058] The rotating plate 51 is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame 7, and the infrared SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53 are fixedly mounted on the rotating plate 51.

[0059] The infrared SF6 sensor body 52 is model GDS-200, with a detection range of 0-5000ppm and an accuracy of ±2%FS. The laser SF6 sensor body 53 is model LDS-600, with a detection range of 0-1000ppm and an accuracy of ±1%FS. The two are spaced eight centimeters apart to avoid optical interference.

[0060] In this technical solution, SF6 gas is monitored in the surrounding environment through infrared SF6 sensor body 52 and laser SF6 sensor body 53.

[0061] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism 6 includes a double-sided bevel gear 61, a driving bevel gear 62, a connecting plate 64, and a fixed bevel gear 63.

[0062] A connecting rod 71 and a reinforcing plate 72 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the rotating frame 7; the other end of the connecting rod 71 and the reinforcing plate 72 are fixedly installed on the positioning plate 73.

[0063] A double-sided bevel gear 61 and a driving bevel gear 62 are rotatably mounted on the positioning plate 73; a U-shaped frame 23 is fixedly mounted on the positioning box 2; a fixed bevel gear 63 is fixedly mounted below the top of the U-shaped frame 23. The fixed bevel gear 63 is coaxially mounted with the shaft 42 and meshes with the double-sided bevel gear 61 for transmission. A rotating column 65 is fixedly mounted on the off-center edge of the driving bevel gear 62. A connecting plate 64 is rotatably mounted on the rotating plate 51; the connecting plate 64 is rotatably connected to the rotating column 65.

[0064] In this technical solution, during the rotation of the sensor assembly 5 and the rotating frame 7 around the shaft 42, the positioning plate 73 drives the double-sided bevel gear 61 to rotate around the shaft 42. Since the fixed bevel gear 63 and the double-sided bevel gear 61 are meshed and connected, the double-sided bevel gear 61 rotates on its own. The double-sided bevel gear 61 drives the driving bevel gear 62 to rotate. The driving bevel gear 62 drives the connecting plate 64 to reciprocate. The connecting plate 64 drives the rotating plate 51 and the sensor assembly 5 to rotate in the horizontal direction and to swing up and down, so as to perform all-round monitoring.

[0065] Reference Figure 4 The synchronous unfolding mechanism 8 includes a motor B81, a lead screw 82, and a top block 83.

[0066] A motor B81 is fixedly installed inside the positioning box 2, and a lead screw 82 is rotatably installed inside the positioning box 2. The lead screw 82 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the output end of the motor B81. The motor B81 is a forward and reverse reversible motor.

[0067] Top rods 84 are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on both sides of the top block 83; the top block 83 is slidably mounted inside the positioning box 2; the top block 83 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 82. The top rods 84 are rotatably connected to the inner end of the telescopic frame 9.

[0068] The telescopic frame 9 is a shear frame composed of multiple strip plates, which is prior art and is borrowed in this application, so it will not be described again. The upper end of the telescopic frame 9 is rotatably mounted on the positioning box 2, and the lower end of the telescopic frame 9 is slidably mounted on the positioning box 2 via the sliding column 91.

[0069] The positioning box 2 has sliding grooves 22 on both sides, and the sliding column 91 is slidably connected to the sliding grooves 22.

[0070] The positioning box 2 has a cover plate groove 21, and a cover plate (not shown in the figure) is detachably installed on the cover plate groove 21. Buffer rubber pads are installed in the sliding grooves 22 on both sides of the positioning box 2. When the telescopic frame 9 is retracted to the limit position, the sliding column 91 contacts the buffer rubber pad to avoid rigid collision. A dust cover is installed on the outside of the sliding groove 22 to prevent dust from entering the sliding groove and affecting the sliding accuracy.

[0071] In this technical solution, the starter motor B81 drives the lead screw 82 to rotate, the lead screw 82 drives the top block 83 to move, the top block 83 drives the two top rods 84 to rotate, and the top rods 84 drive the corresponding telescopic frame 9 to open or retract.

[0072] Reference Figure 5 The gas collection assembly 10 includes a screw 101, a nylon cap 102, a gas pipe fixing sleeve 103, a locking bolt 104, and a conical gas collection hood 105.

[0073] The telescopic frame 9 is provided with screws 101 at multiple rotating connection points, and nylon caps 102 are detachably fixed on the screws 101.

[0074] A duct fixing sleeve 103 is fixedly installed on the screw 101, and a locking bolt 104 is installed on the duct fixing sleeve 103; a conical gas collection hood 105 is fixedly installed on the duct fixing sleeve 103.

[0075] Two centrifugal fans 107 are fixedly installed on the positioning box 2. The input end of the centrifugal fan 107 is connected to the air pipe 106. The air pipe 106 is a flexible tube that passes through multiple air pipe fixing sleeves 103 on the same side. The outer end of the air pipe 106 is a closed structure. The inner side of the conical air collection hood 105 is connected to the air pipe 106.

[0076] The output end of the centrifugal fan 107 is connected to the gas detection chamber inlet of the infrared SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53 via a T-junction.

[0077] The conical gas collection hood 105 is made of transparent PC material, with spiral air guide grooves processed on the inner wall to make the intake gas form a swirling flow and enhance the uniformity of gas mixing. A flexible silicone sealing ring is set at the inlet edge of the gas collection hood. When the telescopic frame 9 is extended to the limit position, the sealing ring can fit against the wall or equipment surface to form a local sealing space and improve the gas collection efficiency.

[0078] The centrifugal fan 107 uses model 400FZY4-D. The fan outlet is equipped with an airflow stabilizing chamber and a built-in honeycomb rectifier mesh (5.0mm aperture) to eliminate airflow pulsation.

[0079] In this technical solution, after the telescopic frame 9 is deployed, air far away from the positioning box 2 can be collected by the centrifugal fan 107 and the conical gas collection hood 105 and delivered to the sensor assembly 5 for SF6 gas monitoring, which greatly improves the monitoring range.

[0080] Furthermore, a support frame 11 is rotatably provided at the other end of the telescopic frame 9. The height of the support frame 11 is adjustable, and a height adjustment knob is provided on the support frame 11. Casters with brakes are provided at the bottom of the support frame 11.

[0081] Furthermore, a PLC control module is fixedly installed on the positioning box 2. The PLC control module is a programmable control module, and the program can be adjusted as needed.

[0082] Furthermore, the SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53 work together for monitoring. The SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53 are existing technologies and are borrowed in this application, so they will not be described in detail here. The SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53 adopt a dual-sensor fusion mode with complementary measurement ranges, graded accuracy, and scene adaptation, specifically addressing the performance limitations of a single sensor. Specifically, the infrared sensor (GDS-200) has a wide measurement range coverage of 0-5000ppm, mainly used to capture high-concentration leaks such as equipment ruptures and spills. It can also stably detect gases even after dilution during long-distance gas collection monitoring. The laser sensor (LDS-600) focuses on a low-range range of 0-1000ppm, and with its high accuracy of ±1% FS, it is specifically responsible for accurate measurement of low-concentration scenarios such as micro-leaks. It is also suitable for close-range direct monitoring, and its accuracy is not affected by gas dilution. By working together, the two sensors achieve full-range coverage without blind spots, ensure measurement accuracy in different concentration ranges, and have fault redundancy. When either sensor fails, the other sensor can temporarily take over the monitoring task. Monitoring interruption caused by a single point of failure is avoided by comparing data consistency (a deviation exceeding 5% is considered a fault).

[0083] The PLC control module controls the coordinated operation of the SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53. Combined with the mechanical actions of the drive mechanism 4, the transmission mechanism 6 and the gas collection assembly 10, it is divided into automatic scanning mode and fixed-point focusing mode to achieve an organic combination of all-round coverage and precise positioning.

[0084] Automatic scanning mode: After activating this mode, the PLC first controls motor A to operate, driving the rotating frame 7 to rotate horizontally. Simultaneously, during the rotation of the rotating frame 7, the double-sided bevel gear 61 meshes with the fixed bevel gear 63, generating its own rotation, which drives the driving bevel gear 62 to rotate. This, through the connecting plate, drives the sensor assembly 5 to oscillate vertically at a frequency of five times per minute with an oscillation angle of ±30°, forming a comprehensive monitoring trajectory with 360° horizontal coverage and ±30° vertical scanning. Simultaneously, motor B81 is activated to drive the telescopic frame to unfold. The conical gas collection hood at the end of the telescopic frame adheres to the equipment surface or forms a partially sealed space through a flexible silicone sealing ring. A centrifugal fan draws in air, and as the gas is transmitted through the gas pipe 106, it forms a swirling flow through the spiral air guide grooves on the inner wall of the gas collection hood, ensuring uniform gas mixing, before being delivered to the gas detection chambers of the infrared SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53. At this time, both sensors simultaneously collect gas data, and the PLC control module processes the data in real time: when the detected value is ≤1000ppm, the high-precision data from the laser sensor is used as the core measurement result, and the infrared sensor data is used for cross-validation. If the deviation between the two exceeds ±2%, the calibration process is automatically triggered; when the detected value is >1000ppm, the system switches to the wide-range data from the infrared sensor as the core, and the laser sensor data is used to determine whether there is an instantaneous high-concentration interference (such as airflow fluctuations). If the laser sensor value continues to exceed the range, a high-concentration leak is confirmed. During this period, the angle sensor provides real-time feedback on the horizontal angle of the rotating frame and the swing angle of the sensor. The PLC control module binds and stores the concentration value with spatial coordinates to generate a three-dimensional leak distribution map.

[0085] Fixed-point focusing mode: When any sensor detects a value exceeding a preset threshold (low concentration threshold 50ppm, high concentration threshold 500ppm), the PLC control module automatically switches to this mode. In terms of mechanical action, motor A immediately brakes, and the rotating frame locks at the horizontal angle of the suspected leak point; the transmission mechanism drives the sensor assembly to swing at a small angle of ±5° for precise vertical scanning; the synchronous deployment mechanism controls the telescopic frame to fine-tune in 10.0mm increments, ensuring the conical gas collection hood is precisely aligned with the leak point, and the centrifugal fan switches to 0.6m... 3 The low-speed steady-flow mode ( / min) avoids concentration fluctuations caused by airflow disturbances. Regarding sensor coordination, if the detected value is ≤1000ppm, the laser sensor increases its sampling frequency from the default 5.0Hz to 10.0Hz, outputting an accurate concentration value after filtering the average of five samples. The infrared sensor samples at 5Hz, and combines data from the built-in temperature sensor to compensate for temperature drift in the measurement results. The correction formula is: C 修正 =C 红外 -0.01×(T-25), where T is the ambient temperature and C is the temperature at room temperature. 修正 This is the corrected concentration value calculated using the temperature drift compensation formula to eliminate the influence of ambient temperature on infrared sensor measurements; C 红外The output concentration value is the original value of the infrared SF6 sensor after sampling the monitored gas without any correction processing. If the detected value is >1000ppm, the infrared sensor outputs the core concentration data, the laser sensor continuously monitors the concentration change trend to determine whether the leak source is closed, and at the same time the PLC control module activates the audible and visual alarm module and pushes remote alarm information.

[0086] Furthermore, the infrared SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53 are horizontally mounted side-by-side on the detection plane at the front end of the rotating plate. The sensor optical window is coaxially aligned with the gas detection chamber inlet of the infrared SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53. An exhaust port is provided at the outlet of the detection chamber (facing the outside of the rotating plate to avoid backflow of exhaust gas). The rear end of the rotating plate is hinged to the rotating frame 7 via a rotating shaft to ensure that when the sensor assembly swings, the inlet of the detection chamber always faces the gas output direction of the gas collection assembly.

[0087] A manifold is provided on the rotating plate 51; the manifold is fixed in the middle of the rotating plate 51 and located directly behind the entrance of the dual sensor detection chamber (with a spacing of three centimeters to ensure rapid airflow), forming an integrated airflow channel of air collection hood → air pipe → manifold → sensor detection chamber.

[0088] The inlet of the manifold is connected to the air pipe 106 via a Y-connector. A built-in stainless steel filter prevents dust from entering the sensor. The outlet of the manifold has two independent outlets, which are respectively sealed to the inlets of the infrared SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53 via PTFE conduits. The conduit and sensor interface are sealed using a compression fitting. A miniature electromagnetic three-way valve (model: SV08-2P, response time ≤5ms) is embedded in the middle of the manifold. A PLC control module controls the switching between gas collection sampling and direct sampling channels, enabling rapid switching between long-distance and short-distance monitoring. The outlet of the manifold is tilted at a 15-degree angle to the inlet of the sensor's detection chamber to prevent airflow from directly impacting the sensor's optical window, preventing fogging or dust accumulation. Simultaneously, the exhaust port faces the opposite direction to the air inlet of the gas collection hood, preventing exhaust gas from flowing back into the gas collection area.

[0089] The outside of the manifold is wrapped with a 5 mm thick ceramic heat insulation layer to prevent the heat generated by the centrifugal fan 107 from being conducted to the sensor, ensuring that the sensor's operating temperature is stable at -20℃ to +60℃, which is within the sensor's rated operating temperature range.

[0090] Reference Figure 6Furthermore, the infrared SF6 sensor body 52 is equipped with a signal amplification circuit, which is a front-end conditioning module. The front-end conditioning module performs front-end processing on the analog signal of the high-precision pressure sensor. It uses Microchip dual operational amplifier MCP6032 to amplify and filter the weak signal output by the sensor, improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and provide a reliable trigger signal for the subsequent MCU or detection circuit.

[0091] The core component (U1: MCP6032-SOIC) is an eight-pin dual operational amplifier. The MCP6032-SOIC is a dual-channel, low-power, rail-to-rail input / output operational amplifier used for two-stage signal amplification or filtering. The pin definitions and connections are as follows.

[0092] Pin 1 (OUT1): This is the output of the first-stage op-amp (U1-A), connected to one end of resistor R225 (10kΩ), and also connected to the second-stage circuit via a network.

[0093] Pin 2 (IN1-): This is the inverting input of the first-stage operational amplifier (U1-A). It is connected to one end of resistor R223 (510Ω), and one end of resistor R223 is connected to one end of resistor R222 (510Ω). The other end of R222 is grounded. Pin 2 is connected to pin E of Q203 (MCP6032).

[0094] Pin 3 (IN1+): This is the non-inverting input of the first-stage operational amplifier (U1-A), connected to one end of resistor R224 (510Ω); the other end of R224 is connected to capacitor C220 (100nF) (the other end of C220 is grounded). The other end of resistor R224 is connected to one end of resistor R220 (9.1kΩ), one end of capacitor C217 (1μF), and one end of capacitor C218 (1μF); the other end of resistor R220 is grounded. Resistor R219 is connected to an external reference voltage (network label VDD_3.3V); the other end of capacitor C218 is grounded. The other end of R219 is connected to the PIR sensor output (FRSSPIR).

[0095] Pin 4 (VSS): Power ground, directly connected to the circuit common ground (GND).

[0096] Pin 5 (U1-B non-inverting input): Connect one end of resistor R229 (10kΩ); connect the other end of R229 to resistors R227 (6.8kΩ) and R228 (22kΩ), connect resistor R227 to capacitor C221 (1μF), connect resistor R228 to one end of capacitor C222 (1μF), and ground the other end of C222.

[0097] Pin 6 (U1-B inverting input): Connect one end of resistor R230 (1kΩ).

[0098] Pin 7 (U1-B output): The amplified signal is output through the network label SPIR and connected to one end of resistor R230 (10kΩ) (the other end of R230 is connected to pin 3).

[0099] Pin 8 (Positive Power Supply VDD): Connect to the power supply, and connect decoupling capacitors C225 (4.7μF) and C226 (100nF) in parallel. The other ends of C225 and C226 are grounded. Pin 8 is connected to pin 3 of Q204 (MCP6032). Pin 2 of Q204 is connected to resistor R231 (470 ohms); R231 is connected to the net label PIR_VDD.

[0100] The output of the PIR sensor is directly connected to the network labeled FRSS_PIR. This network is also connected to one end of resistor R225 (510Ω±0.1%), one end of capacitor C219 (100μF) (the other end of C219 is grounded), and one end of resistor R223 (510Ω±0.1%). The other end of resistor R225 (510Ω) is connected to pin B of Q203 (MCP6032).

[0101] Resistors R221, R223, and R225 are precision resistors used to set the op-amp gain or bias. Resistors R224 and R230 are used for input bias, pull-up / pull-down, or feedback networks.

[0102] The network label FRSSPIR is connected to the PIR sensor output, transmitting a weak AC signal. The signal is initially amplified by the first-stage op-amp of the MCP6032 (gain set by R221 / R224, etc.). The second-stage op-amp can be configured for low-pass filtering or further amplification, outputting a stable signal to a subsequent ADC or comparator. The amplified signal is then output through the label SPIR or its corresponding network. The op-amp supply voltage is not specified in the circuit diagram, but is typically a single 3.3V or 5V supply. A 10kΩ resistor can be used to set a virtual ground (bias voltage) to accommodate single-supply operation.

[0103] High-precision resistors ensure stable gain and reduce the impact of temperature drift. Rail-to-rail operational amplifiers guarantee wide dynamic range output, adapting to low-voltage systems. The dual operational amplifier structure supports multi-stage amplification or filtering, improving signal quality. Precision resistors and capacitors ensure signal amplification gain, noise suppression, and single-supply compatibility.

[0104] Furthermore, a TVS diode D1 (SMF5.0A) is connected between FRSSPIR and ground to prevent electrostatic discharge and surge damage; to prevent overvoltage damage to the operational amplifier from the sensor output; and an RC low-pass filter (R=1kΩ, C=100nF) is set at the output to further suppress high-frequency noise. An R228 (1MΩ) is connected in parallel between the inverting input of U1-A and ground to provide a DC feedback path and prevent saturation.

[0105] The working principle of this SF6 sensor is as follows: During system initialization, it defaults to short-range monitoring mode. The short-range monitoring mode workflow is as follows: The PLC controls the built-in electromagnetic three-way valve of the manifold to switch to the direct sampling channel, closes the connection between the gas pipe 106 and the manifold, and simultaneously opens the annular air inlet (with built-in dustproof net) at the front end of the sensor detection chamber. The infrared SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53 directly collect ambient gas. At this time, the sensor optical window is exposed to the atmosphere, and the sampling range is 0.1m to 1m in front of the sensor (without airflow assistance, relying on natural gas diffusion). The two sensors sample synchronously (sampling frequency 5.0Hz), and the PLC compares the data in real time. In the low concentration range (0-1000ppm), the laser sensor data is the core, and in the high concentration range, the infrared sensor data is the core, realizing accurate monitoring of micro-leakage at close range.

[0106] The remote monitoring mode is as follows: The PLC first receives the remote monitoring start command (automatic scan mode trigger / near-distance monitoring threshold trigger / manual command), and the specific steps are as follows.

[0107] The gas path switching and gas collection assembly 10 are activated. The PLC controls the built-in electromagnetic three-way valve (model: SV08-2P, response time ≤5.0ms) in the manifold to switch to the gas collection sampling channel, connecting the gas pipe 106 to the gas path of the manifold, while simultaneously closing the annular air inlet at the front end of the sensor detection chamber. Simultaneously, the centrifugal fan 107 in the positioning box 2 is activated, with the initial fan speed set to 1.2m³ / min. After the airflow at the outlet is rectified by the pressure stabilizing chamber, the airflow pulsation amplitude is controlled within ±5%, ensuring stable gas delivery. The synchronous unfolding mechanism 8 drives the telescopic frame 9 to unfold.

[0108] The conical gas collection hood 105 draws in surrounding gas, which forms a swirling flow through the spiral air guide grooves on the inner wall of the hood, improving the uniformity of gas mixing in different areas by 30%. The mixed gas is then transmitted through the gas pipe 106, and finally enters the manifold cavity through the stainless steel filter at the input end. The manifold cavity divides the gas into two paths, which are respectively delivered to the internal detection cavities of the infrared SF6 sensor body 52 and the laser SF6 sensor body 53. Dual-sensor collaborative sampling and data processing: The dual sensors simultaneously activate a high-frequency sampling mode, increasing the sampling frequency to 10.0Hz and 5.0Hz to ensure rapid capture of gas concentration changes. The PLC receives the raw measurement data from the dual sensors in real time, combines it with auxiliary detection point data and telescopic frame deployment parameters, and corrects the data using a concentration gradient compensation algorithm. Data judgment logic: When the detected value is ≤1000ppm, the data corrected by the laser sensor is used as the core, with cross-verification of the infrared sensor data (allowable deviation range ≤±2%); when the detected value is >1000ppm, the data corrected by the infrared sensor is used as the core, with the laser sensor data assisting in determining whether it is transient interference (continuous exceeding the range confirms high-concentration leakage).

[0109] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An SF6 sensor, comprising: The base, positioning box, top ring, drive mechanism, sensor assembly, transmission mechanism, rotating frame, synchronous deployment mechanism, telescopic frame, and air collection assembly are characterized by: A positioning box is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and a top ring is fixedly installed on the top of the positioning box. A rotating frame is rotatably installed on the top ring. A drive mechanism is fixedly installed on the top ring. The drive mechanism is connected to the rotating frame through a transmission, and the drive mechanism can drive the rotating frame to rotate. A sensor assembly is rotatably mounted on the rotating frame; a transmission mechanism is fixedly mounted on the rotating frame; the transmission mechanism and the sensor assembly are connected by transmission; a synchronous deployment mechanism is fixedly mounted on the positioning box; two telescopic frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the positioning box; an air collection assembly is mounted on the telescopic frames, and the synchronous deployment mechanism and the two telescopic frames are connected by transmission.

2. The SF6 sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism includes a motor A and a shaft; the motor A is fixedly installed above the positioning box, and the shaft is fixedly installed coaxially at the output end of the motor A, and the shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating frame.

3. The SF6 sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor assembly includes a rotating plate, an infrared SF6 sensor body, and a laser SF6 sensor body; the rotating plate is rotatably mounted on a rotating frame, and the infrared SF6 sensor body and the laser SF6 sensor body are fixedly mounted on the rotating plate.

4. The SF6 sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a double-sided bevel gear, a driving bevel gear, a connecting plate, and a fixed bevel gear; A connecting rod and a reinforcing plate are fixedly installed on the inner side of the rotating frame; the other end of the connecting rod and the reinforcing plate is fixedly installed on the positioning plate; a double-sided bevel gear and a driving bevel gear are rotatably installed on the positioning plate; a U-shaped frame is fixedly installed on the positioning box; a fixed bevel gear is fixedly installed below the top of the U-shaped frame; the fixed bevel gear is coaxial with the shaft and meshes with the double-sided bevel gear for transmission; a rotating column is fixedly installed on the off-center edge of the driving bevel gear, one end of the connecting plate rotates and connects with the rotating column; the other end of the connecting plate rotates and connects with the rotating plate.

5. The SF6 sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The synchronous deployment mechanism includes motor B, lead screw, and top block; A motor B is fixedly installed inside the positioning box, and a lead screw is rotatably installed inside the positioning box. The lead screw is coaxially and fixedly connected to the output end of the motor B. Top rods are symmetrically and rotatably installed on both sides of the top block. The top block is slidably installed inside the positioning box. The top block is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The top rod is rotatably connected to the inner end of the telescopic frame.

6. The SF6 sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic frame is a shear frame composed of multiple strip plates. The upper end of the telescopic frame is rotatably mounted on the positioning box, and the lower end of the telescopic frame is slidably mounted on the positioning box through sliding columns. Sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the positioning box, and the sliding columns are slidably connected to the sliding grooves.

7. The SF6 sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas collection assembly includes a screw, a nylon cap, a gas pipe fixing sleeve, a locking bolt, and a conical gas collection hood; The telescopic frame has screws at multiple rotating joints, and nylon nuts are detachably fixed on the screws. A duct fixing sleeve is fixedly installed on the screw, and a locking bolt is installed on the duct fixing sleeve; a conical gas collection hood is fixedly installed on the duct fixing sleeve; two centrifugal fans are fixedly installed on the positioning box, and the input end of the centrifugal fans is connected to the duct; the duct passes through multiple duct fixing sleeves on the same side; the inner side of the conical gas collection hood is connected to the duct.

8. The SF6 sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The turntable is equipped with a manifold; the input end of the manifold is connected to the air tube via a Y-type connector, and the input end has a built-in stainless steel filter screen. The output end of the manifold is equipped with two independent air outlets, which are sealed and connected to the detection chamber inlets of the infrared SF6 sensor body and the laser SF6 sensor body, respectively; a miniature electromagnetic three-way valve is embedded in the middle of the manifold; and a five-millimeter-thick ceramic heat insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the manifold.

9. The SF6 sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Angle sensors are installed on the sensor assembly and the rotating frame.

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