Waste gas purification device for aluminum ash treatment
By improving the structure of the waste gas purification device, the contact area between water and ammonia is increased by using high-pressure water spray ring pipes and rotating nozzles. Combined with circulation treatment and impurity separation, the problems of ammonia water turning black and slow concentration are solved, and efficient ammonia absorption and pure ammonia water production are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520017364.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-06
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-06
AI Technical Summary
When existing waste gas purification devices treat waste gas generated from aluminum ash, the ammonia water turns black and its concentration increases slowly, affecting the absorption effect.
The device structure includes waste gas pipelines, heat exchangers, separation tanks and ammonia absorption towers. It increases the contact area between water and ammonia gas by using high-pressure water spray ring pipes and rotating nozzles, and improves ammonia absorption efficiency by combining circulation treatment and impurity separation.
It achieves efficient absorption of ammonia, resulting in purer and more concentrated ammonia water, reducing operating costs and avoiding direct pollution emissions.
Smart Images
Figure CN223861604U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste gas treatment technology, specifically to a waste gas purification device for aluminum ash treatment. Background Technology
[0002] Aluminum and aluminum alloys produce aluminum ash during smelting. The treatment of this ash typically generates waste gas containing a large amount of ammonia, necessitating purification. Existing waste gas purification devices suffer from drawbacks. Due to the large volume of waste gas and the presence of ash powder, the ammonia solution obtained after ammonia absorption turns black, affecting its usability. Furthermore, the high temperature of the waste gas results in a large amount of entrained steam condensate, leading to a slow increase in ammonia concentration and impacting absorption efficiency. Therefore, a waste gas purification device for aluminum ash treatment is urgently needed to address these issues. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the technical problems of existing waste gas purification devices producing black ammonia water and slow ammonia concentration increases during waste gas treatment, this invention provides a waste gas purification device for aluminum ash treatment, which improves ammonia absorption efficiency during waste gas treatment and produces purer and more concentrated ammonia water.
[0004] This utility model provides a waste gas purification device for aluminum ash treatment, including a waste gas pipeline for receiving waste gas and an ammonia absorption tower, as well as a heat exchanger and a separation tank. The waste gas pipeline, heat exchanger, separation tank, and ammonia absorption tower are connected in sequence. The ammonia absorption tower includes a tower body and a spraying mechanism. The tower body is equipped with an air inlet pipe, a water inlet pipe, and a drain pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the separation tank, the water inlet pipe is connected to an external water tank, and the drain pipe is equipped with a drain valve. The spraying mechanism includes a spray ring pipe installed inside the tower body and connected to the water inlet pipe, and multiple rotating nozzles evenly arranged on the spray ring pipe. Waste gas enters the tower body through the air inlet pipe, and high-pressure water from the external water tank enters the spray ring pipe inside the tower body through the water inlet pipe. The high-pressure water is sprayed out from the multiple rotating nozzles, and the water absorbs the ammonia in the waste gas to form ammonia water. When the rotating nozzles are in operation, the area of water sprayed by the rotating nozzles is large, thus increasing the contact area between the water and the ammonia, thereby accelerating the ammonia absorption efficiency. Finally, by opening the drain valve, the ammonia water can be discharged through the drain pipe.
[0005] Furthermore, an exhaust pipe is installed at the top of the tower body, and the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to one valve port of a three-way valve. The other two valve ports of the three-way valve are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe of the tower body through a first circulation pipe and to a gas tank through a first pipe. A first pump body is installed on the first pipe. The waste gas to be discharged from the exhaust pipe is transported back to the air inlet pipe through the first circulation pipe, and then treated again by the ammonia absorption tower to ensure that the ammonia in the waste gas is completely absorbed. Once the ammonia in the waste gas is ensured to be completely absorbed, the waste gas enters the gas tank through the first pipe. The gas tank stores other gases in the waste gas besides ammonia, such as hydrogen, for later use and to prevent direct emission and atmospheric pollution.
[0006] Furthermore, a circulation port is provided at the bottom of the tower body, and a second circulation pipe is connected to the circulation port. The other end of the second circulation pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe of the tower body. A valve and a second pump body are installed on the second circulation pipe. When the concentration of ammonia water obtained after the waste gas is treated by the ammonia absorption tower does not meet the requirements, ammonia water is transported to the water inlet pipe through the second circulation pipe and the second pump body, where the ammonia water absorbs the waste gas again to obtain ammonia water with a higher concentration.
[0007] Furthermore, each of the rotating nozzles includes a spray pipe and a U-shaped nozzle head. The top of the spray pipe is mounted on the spray ring pipe, and the bottom is sleeved with the top of the nozzle head, with the two connected rotatably by a bearing. The spray pipe has a water inlet channel, the two ends of which communicate with the interior of the spray ring pipe and the interior of the nozzle head, respectively. Specifically, the spray ring pipe has a hole, and the top of the spray pipe is positioned in the hole on the spray ring pipe, with the water inlet channel communicating with the interior of the spray ring pipe. Multiple water outlet pipes are arranged in a ring around the nozzle head and communicate with the interior of the nozzle head. These multiple water outlet pipes are inclined to allow the nozzle head to rotate relative to the spray ring. The water is high-pressure water. The high-pressure water enters the water inlet channel of the spray pipe, then exits through the water inlet channel and enters the water outlet pipe, finally spraying out high-pressure water from the water outlet pipe. Because the multiple water outlet pipes are arranged in a ring and are inclined, when multiple water outlet pipes spray water simultaneously, the force of the water causes the nozzle head to rotate relative to the spray pipe. The high-pressure water inside the nozzle is sprayed out through multiple water outlet pipes. The working area of these multiple water outlet pipes is mainly on both sides of the nozzle. The large area of water sprayed from the nozzle increases the contact area between the water and ammonia, thereby accelerating the ammonia absorption efficiency.
[0008] Furthermore, the nozzle is internally equipped with a baffle that divides the nozzle interior into a first region and a second region. The end of the water inlet channel and multiple water outlet pipes are connected to the first region. Multiple through holes are evenly distributed on the baffle, connecting the first and second regions. Multiple water outlet holes connected to the second region are located at the bottom of the nozzle. These outlet holes are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the nozzle, with each outlet hole having a smaller diameter than the outlet pipe opening. Water enters the second region through the through holes and is ultimately ejected from the outlet holes. Because the outlet hole diameter is smaller than the outlet pipe opening diameter, the water ejected from the outlet holes is more uniform, dense, and fine. Furthermore, the even distribution of multiple outlet holes on the bottom surface of the nozzle means that the working area of the outlet holes is primarily below the nozzle. This further increases the area over which the nozzle sprays water, allowing the water to absorb ammonia gas located on its sides and below, thus accelerating ammonia absorption efficiency.
[0009] Furthermore, multiple spray ring pipes are provided, each with a different diameter and nested sequentially from the inside out. Adjacent spray ring pipes are interconnected, and the outermost spray ring pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe via a second pipe. With multiple spray ring pipes and their rotating nozzles operating simultaneously, the ammonia absorption tower's ammonia absorption efficiency during waste gas treatment is further improved.
[0010] Furthermore, the waste gas purification device also includes an ammonia storage tank, and the drain valve is fixedly connected to the ammonia storage tank via a drain pipe. When the drain valve is opened, ammonia can be discharged through the drain pipe into the ammonia storage tank, where it is stored for later use.
[0011] Furthermore, the heat exchanger, separator, and ammonia absorption tower are sequentially connected and interconnected via connecting pipes, and a third pump is installed on the waste gas pipeline. Generally, the aluminum ash is treated by the reaction tank, and the third pump draws the waste gas to a waste gas purification device for further treatment.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:
[0013] Exhaust gas enters the tower body through the inlet pipe, while high-pressure water from the external water tank enters the spray ring pipe inside the tower body through the water inlet pipe. The high-pressure water is sprayed out from multiple rotating nozzles, where it absorbs ammonia from the exhaust gas to form ammonia water. The large area over which the rotating nozzles spray water increases the contact area between the water and ammonia, thus accelerating the ammonia absorption efficiency. Finally, by opening the drain valve, the ammonia water can be discharged through the drain pipe. Before the waste gas is transported to the ammonia absorption tower via the waste gas pipeline, it first passes through a heat exchanger and a separator. The heat exchanger cools the waste gas by exchanging heat, reducing the amount of entrained steam condensate and increasing the concentration of ammonia in the waste gas. Typically, the steam condensate carries impurities such as ash and dust, and the heat exchange also produces condensate mixed with these impurities. The separator then removes impurities from the cooled waste gas, separating the condensate and the entrained ash and dust. Specifically, the condensate and its entrained ash and dust, due to their greater weight, enter the bottom of the separator, while the cooled waste gas enters the top. The condensate and entrained ash and dust separated in the separator can be discharged into the emergency pool, while the waste gas enters the ammonia absorption tower. The waste gas, after passing through the waste gas pipeline, heat exchanger, and separator, finally reaches the ammonia absorption tower. The ammonia absorption tower improves the ammonia absorption efficiency during waste gas treatment, resulting in purer and more concentrated ammonia water. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waste gas purification device for aluminum ash treatment according to this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ammonia absorption tower of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the water outlet pipe of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray ring pipe of this utility model;
[0018] The numbers in the attached diagram are:
[0019] 1. Exhaust gas duct; 11. Third pump body;
[0020] 2. Heat exchanger;
[0021] 3. Separation tank;
[0022] 4. Ammonia absorption tower; 41. Tower body; 42. Drain valve; 43. Spray ring pipe; 44. Rotary nozzle; 441. Spray pipe; 442. Nozzle; 4421. Water outlet pipe; 4422. Water outlet hole; 443. Baffle; 4431. Through hole; 45. First pump body; 46. Three-way valve; 47. Second pump body; 48. Valve;
[0023] 5. External water tank; 6. Gas tank; 7. Ammonia storage tank. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0025] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a waste gas purification device for aluminum ash treatment includes a waste gas pipeline 1 for receiving waste gas and an ammonia absorption tower 4, as well as a heat exchanger 2 and a separation tank 3. The waste gas pipeline 1, heat exchanger 2, separation tank 3, and ammonia absorption tower 4 are connected in sequence. The heat exchanger 2 can be a tubular heat exchanger. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger 2 reduces the temperature of the waste gas to about 45 degrees Celsius. In this embodiment, the separation tank 3 is a tank with an internal cavity. The ammonia absorption tower 4 includes a tower body 41 and a spraying mechanism. The tower body 41 is equipped with an air inlet pipe, a water inlet pipe, and a drain pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the separation tank 3, the water inlet pipe is connected to an external water tank 5, and the drain pipe is equipped with a drain valve 42. The spraying mechanism includes a spray ring pipe 43 installed inside the tower body 41 and connected to the water inlet pipe, and multiple rotating nozzles 44 evenly arranged on the spray ring pipe 43. When treating aluminum ash, waste gas containing a large amount of ammonia is generally generated. The waste gas is a high-temperature gas.
[0026] Before the waste gas is transported to the ammonia absorption tower 4 via the waste gas pipeline 1, it first passes through the heat exchanger 2 and the separator 3. The heat exchanger 2 cools the waste gas by exchanging heat, which reduces the amount of steam condensate it carries and increases the concentration of ammonia in the waste gas. Generally, the steam condensate carries impurities such as ash powder. The heat exchange also produces condensate, which contains impurities such as ash powder. The separator 3 then removes impurities from the cooled waste gas, separating the condensate and the ash powder it carries. Specifically, the condensate and the ash powder it carries, due to their greater weight, enter the bottom of the separator 3, while the cooled waste gas enters the top of the separator 3. The condensate and the ash powder and other impurities separated by the separator 3 can be discharged into the emergency pool, while the waste gas enters the ammonia absorption tower 4. The waste gas passes through waste gas pipe 1, heat exchanger 2, and separator 3 before finally reaching ammonia absorption tower 4. Ammonia absorption tower 4 improves the ammonia absorption efficiency during waste gas treatment, resulting in purer and more concentrated ammonia water, while reducing the operating cost of ammonia absorption. Because the temperature of the ammonia water also meets the requirements, a refrigeration unit is no longer needed for ammonia water treatment, thus reducing the workload of the refrigeration unit.
[0027] The treatment process of waste gas entering ammonia absorption tower 4: Waste gas enters the tower body 41 through the inlet pipe. High-pressure water from the external water tank 5 enters the spray ring pipe 43 in the tower body 41 through the water inlet pipe. The high-pressure water is sprayed out from multiple rotating nozzles 44, and the water absorbs the ammonia in the waste gas to form ammonia water. When the rotating nozzles 44 are in operation, the area of water sprayed from the rotating nozzles 44 is large, which can increase the contact area between the water and ammonia, thereby accelerating the ammonia absorption efficiency. Finally, the drain valve 42 is opened, and the ammonia water can be discharged through the drain pipe.
[0028] The waste gas purification device for aluminum ash treatment in this embodiment improves the absorption efficiency of ammonia during waste gas treatment and can obtain purer and more concentrated ammonia water.
[0029] In one possible implementation, the top of the tower body 41 is provided with an exhaust pipe, which is fixedly connected to one valve port of a three-way valve 46. The other two valve ports of the three-way valve 46 are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe of the tower body 41 through a first circulation pipe and to the gas tank 6 through a first pipe. A first pump body 45 is provided on the first pipe. The waste gas also contains other gases besides ammonia, such as hydrogen. To prevent the ammonia in the waste gas from being discharged from the exhaust pipe without being completely absorbed, this embodiment re-transports the waste gas that is about to be discharged from the exhaust pipe to the air inlet pipe through the first circulation pipe, and then treats it again through the ammonia absorption tower 4 to ensure that the ammonia in the waste gas is completely absorbed. Once the ammonia in the waste gas is ensured to be completely absorbed, the waste gas enters the gas tank 6 through the first pipe. The gas tank 6 stores the other gases besides ammonia in the waste gas, such as hydrogen, for later use and also avoids direct emission and atmospheric pollution.
[0030] In one possible implementation, a circulation port is provided at the bottom of the tower body 41, and a second circulation pipe is connected to the circulation port. The other end of the second circulation pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe of the tower body 41. A valve 48 and a second pump body 47 are provided on the second circulation pipe. When the concentration of ammonia water obtained after the waste gas is treated by the ammonia absorption tower 4 does not meet the requirements, in this embodiment, ammonia water is transported to the water inlet pipe through the second circulation pipe and the second pump body 47, and the ammonia water absorbs the waste gas again to obtain ammonia water with a higher concentration.
[0031] In one possible implementation, each of the rotating nozzles 44 includes a nozzle pipe 441 and a nozzle 442 with a U-shaped cross-section. The top of the nozzle pipe 441 is disposed on the spray ring pipe 43, and the bottom is sleeved with the top of the nozzle 442 and the two are rotatably connected by a bearing. The width of the top of the nozzle pipe 441 is greater than the width of the bottom of the nozzle pipe 441. The nozzle pipe 441 has a water inlet channel, and the two ends of the water inlet channel communicate with the inside of the spray ring pipe 43 and the inside of the nozzle 442, respectively. Specifically, the spray ring pipe 43 is provided with a hole, and the top of the nozzle pipe 441 is disposed in the hole on the spray ring pipe 43 and the water inlet channel communicates with the inside of the spray ring pipe 43. The nozzle 442 is provided with a plurality of water outlet pipes 4421 arranged in a ring and communicating with the inside of the nozzle 442. The plurality of water outlet pipes 4421 are inclined so that the nozzle 442 rotates relative to the spray ring pipe 43.
[0032] The water is high-pressure water. The high-pressure water enters the water inlet channel of the nozzle 441, then exits through the water inlet channel and enters the water outlet pipe 4421, where it finally sprays out. Because the multiple water outlet pipes 4421 are arranged in a ring and are inclined, when multiple water outlet pipes 4421 spray water simultaneously, the force of the water causes the nozzle 442 to rotate relative to the nozzle 441.
[0033] The high-pressure water inside the nozzle 442 is sprayed out through multiple water outlet pipes 4421. The working area of the multiple water outlet pipes 4421 is mainly on both sides of the nozzle 442. The nozzle 442 sprays water over a large area, which increases the contact area between the water and ammonia, thereby accelerating the ammonia absorption efficiency.
[0034] In one possible implementation, a baffle 443 is provided inside the nozzle 442, and the baffle 443 divides the inside of the nozzle 442 into a first region and a second region. The end of the water inlet channel and a plurality of water outlet pipes 4421 are connected to the first region. A plurality of through holes 4431 are uniformly provided on the baffle 443 to connect the first region and the second region. A plurality of water outlet holes 4422 connected to the second region are provided at the bottom of the nozzle 442. The plurality of water outlet holes 4422 are evenly distributed on the surface of the bottom of the nozzle 442, and the diameter of each water outlet hole 4422 is smaller than the diameter of the outlet pipe 4421.
[0035] Some water is sprayed out through multiple water outlet pipes 4421, which drives the nozzle 442 to rotate. The working area of the multiple water outlet pipes 4421 is mainly on both sides of the nozzle 442.
[0036] The remaining water enters the second area through the through hole 4431, and finally the water is sprayed out from the water outlet 4422. Because the diameter of the water outlet 4422 is smaller than the diameter of the outlet pipe 4421, the water sprayed from the water outlet 4422 is more uniform, dense and fine. In addition, multiple water outlets 4422 are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the nozzle 442. The working area of multiple water outlets 4422 is mainly below the nozzle 442. In this way, the area of water sprayed from the nozzle 442 is further increased. The water sprayed from the nozzle 442 can absorb the ammonia gas located on both sides and below it, further accelerating the ammonia gas absorption efficiency.
[0037] In one possible implementation, multiple spray ring pipes 43 are provided, each with a different diameter and arranged sequentially from the inside out. Adjacent spray ring pipes 43 are interconnected, and the outermost spray ring pipe 43 is connected to the water inlet pipe via a second pipe. With multiple spray ring pipes 43 and their rotating nozzles 44 operating simultaneously, the ammonia absorption tower 4's ammonia absorption efficiency during waste gas treatment is further improved.
[0038] In one possible implementation, the waste gas purification device further includes an ammonia storage tank 7, and the drain valve 42 is fixedly connected to the ammonia storage tank 7 via a drain pipe. When the drain valve 42 is opened, ammonia can be discharged through the drain pipe into the ammonia storage tank 7, where it is stored for later use.
[0039] In one possible implementation, the heat exchanger 2, the separator 3, and the ammonia absorption tower 4 are sequentially connected and communicate with each other via connecting pipes, and a third pump body 11 is installed on the waste gas pipeline 1. Generally, aluminum ash is treated by a reaction tank, and the third pump body 11 draws the waste gas to the waste gas purification device of this embodiment for further treatment.
[0040] As one possible implementation method, all pipes in this embodiment, namely the exhaust gas pipe 1, the first circulation pipe, the first pipe, the second circulation pipe, the second pipe, the spray ring pipe 43, the drainage pipe, and the connecting pipes, are equipped with valves. The opening and closing of the valves allows the flow of liquids or gases to be stopped or stopped.
[0041] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are only used to explain this utility model. They are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other implementation methods can be easily made by substitution or modification based on the technical content disclosed in this specification. Therefore, all changes and improvements made to the principles and process conditions of this utility model should be included within the scope of the patent application of this utility model.
Claims
1. A waste gas purification device for aluminum ash treatment, comprising a waste gas pipeline (1) for receiving waste gas and an ammonia absorption tower (4), characterized in that, It also includes a heat exchanger (2) and a separation tank (3), and the exhaust gas pipeline (1), heat exchanger (2), separation tank (3) and ammonia absorption tower (4) are connected in sequence; the ammonia absorption tower (4) includes a tower body (41) and a spraying mechanism. The tower body (41) is provided with an air inlet pipe, a water inlet pipe and a drain pipe. The air inlet pipe is connected to the separation tank (3), the water inlet pipe is connected to an external water tank (5), and the drain pipe is provided with a drain valve (42). The spraying mechanism includes a spray ring pipe (43) set inside the tower body (41) and connected to the water inlet pipe, and a plurality of rotating nozzles (44) evenly arranged on the spray ring pipe (43).
2. The waste gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the tower body (41) is provided with an exhaust pipe and the exhaust pipe is connected to one valve port on a three-way valve (46). The other two valve ports on the three-way valve (46) are respectively connected to the air inlet pipe of the tower body (41) through a first circulation pipe and connected to the gas tank (6) through a first pipe. A first pump body (45) is provided on the first pipe.
3. The waste gas purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the tower body (41) is provided with a circulation port and a second circulation pipe is connected to the circulation port. The other end of the second circulation pipe is connected to the water inlet pipe of the tower body (41). A valve (48) and a second pump body (47) are provided on the second circulation pipe.
4. The waste gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the rotating nozzles (44) includes a nozzle pipe (441) and a nozzle (442) with a U-shaped cross-section. The top of the nozzle pipe (441) is disposed on the spray ring pipe (43), and the bottom is sleeved with the top of the nozzle (442) and the two are rotatably connected by bearings. The nozzle pipe (441) has a water inlet channel, and the two ends of the water inlet channel are respectively connected to the inside of the spray ring pipe (43) and the inside of the nozzle (442). The nozzle (442) is provided with a plurality of water outlet pipes (4421) arranged in a ring and connected to the inside of the nozzle (442) on the outside. The plurality of water outlet pipes (4421) are inclined so that the nozzle (442) rotates relative to the spray ring pipe (43).
5. The waste gas purification device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The nozzle (442) is provided with a baffle (443) inside, which divides the inside of the nozzle (442) into a first region and a second region. The end of the water inlet channel and multiple water outlet pipes (4421) are connected to the first region. Multiple through holes (4431) are evenly provided on the baffle (443) to connect the first region and the second region. Multiple water outlet holes (4422) connected to the second region are provided at the bottom of the nozzle (442). The multiple water outlet holes (4422) are evenly distributed on the surface of the bottom of the nozzle (442). The diameter of each water outlet hole (4422) is smaller than the diameter of the outlet pipe (4421).
6. The waste gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple spray ring pipes (43) are provided. The multiple spray ring pipes (43) have different diameters and are nested from the inside to the outside. Adjacent spray ring pipes (43) are interconnected. The outermost spray ring pipe (43) is connected to the water inlet pipe through a second pipe.
7. The waste gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas purification device also includes an ammonia storage tank (7), and the drain valve (42) is fixedly connected to the ammonia storage tank (7) through a drain pipe.
8. The waste gas purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger (2), the separator (3) and the ammonia absorption tower (4) are connected in sequence and communicate with each other through connecting pipes. A third pump body (11) is installed on the waste gas pipe (1).