Machine tool clamp for fixing workpieces
By using a detachable positioning encoder and a fixing fixture in the axial direction of the rotary shaft, the safety and applicability issues of traditional fixtures are solved, enabling stable fixing of workpieces of different sizes and shapes, and improving processing safety and accuracy.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423314386.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-31
AI Technical Summary
Traditional clamps have poor safety when the fixed jaws move outside the circumferential contour of the rotating shaft, and the fixed size is limited, making them unable to adapt to workpieces of different diameters.
The workpiece is stably fixed by pressing and fixing it in the axial direction of the rotating shaft using a detachable positioning encoder and a fixing fixture.
It improves the safety and applicability of workpieces, avoids the fixture protruding outside the circumferential contour of the rotating shaft, adapts to the fixing of workpieces of different sizes and shapes, and improves the stability and accuracy of processing.
Smart Images
Figure CN223863318U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fixture technology, and more specifically, to a machine tool fixture for fixing workpieces. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional clamps consist of a circular rotating shaft and a three-jaw chuck on top. They fix the workpiece by moving the three fixed jaws radially. However, during the workpiece clamping process, the fixed jaws may move outside the circumferential contour of the rotating shaft, resulting in poor safety.
[0003] Furthermore, to ensure the rigidity and positioning accuracy of the fixture, the fixed jaws are usually large in radial dimension. Therefore, for a rotating shaft of a certain diameter, the size of the workpiece that can be fixed is relatively limited. It cannot fix workpieces with too large a diameter or workpieces with too small a diameter. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a machine tool fixture for fixing workpieces.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a solution through the following technical method:
[0006] A machine tool fixture for fixing a workpiece includes a rotary shaft, a positioning encoder detachably disposed on the end face of the rotary shaft, and a fixing fixture;
[0007] The positioning encoder is used to receive the workpiece, and the fixing fixture is used to press and fix the workpiece on the positioning encoder in the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
[0008] Preferably, the fixing clamp includes a driving device and a fixing claw connected to the driving device;
[0009] The driving device is disposed inside the rotary shaft or on the end face of the rotary shaft, and the driving device is used to drive the fixed claw to press the workpiece onto the positioning code disk.
[0010] Preferably, the fixing clamp further includes a mounting base, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod;
[0011] The mounting base is fixedly disposed on the end face of the rotating shaft;
[0012] One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the driving device, and the other end is connected to the fixed claw;
[0013] One end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the mounting base, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod;
[0014] The drive device can drive the fixed claw to press the workpiece onto the positioning code disk through the first link and the second link.
[0015] Preferably, the fixed claw can rotate relative to the first connecting rod within an angular range.
[0016] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided on the other end of the first connecting rod; the fixing claw is rotatably disposed in the mounting groove through the shaft hole.
[0017] Preferably, the driving device is a hydraulic cylinder.
[0018] Preferably, the positioning encoder is provided with a limiting groove for a portion of the workpiece to extend into.
[0019] Preferably, a mounting post is provided on the end face of the rotary shaft; a positioning hole is provided on the positioning code disk; and the positioning code disk is sleeved on the mounting post through the positioning hole.
[0020] Preferably, at least two positioning clamps are provided on the end face of the rotary shaft, which are distributed around the positioning code disk. The at least two positioning clamps cooperate with each other to clamp and position the positioning code disk.
[0021] Preferably, the positioning fixture includes a positioning block and a stop rod; the positioning block is provided with a threaded hole, and the stop rod is threaded into the threaded hole;
[0022] The abutment rod can move relative to the positioning code disk and abut against the positioning code disk.
[0023] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0024] 1. Since both the positioning encoder and the fixing fixture are detachably fixed on the end face of the rotary shaft, this application can achieve the effect of adapting to workpieces of different sizes and shapes by replacing positioning encoders and / or fixing fixtures of different sizes and shapes, so as to be able to adapt to the fixing of workpieces of larger or smaller sizes or corresponding shapes on the end face of the rotary shaft.
[0025] 2. In this application, both the positioning code disk and the fixing fixture are set on the end face of the rotary shaft. When the fixing fixture presses the workpiece onto the positioning code disk, it applies force along the axial direction of the rotary shaft. That is, the fixing fixture squeezes the workpiece in the axial direction of the rotary shaft to press the workpiece onto the positioning code disk. This is different from the existing method of using a three-jaw chuck to move in the radial direction of the rotary shaft and clamp the workpiece. In this embodiment, the positioning code disk and the fixing fixture will not protrude outside the circumferential contour of the rotary shaft during the entire working process, which can improve the safety of the operation. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1 This illustration shows a schematic diagram in which a workpiece is fixed to the end face of a rotating shaft in some embodiments of this application;
[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rotary shaft in some embodiments of this application is shown;
[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the positioning encoder in some embodiments of this application is shown;
[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the first link and the second link in some embodiments of this application is shown;
[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fixing claw is shown in some embodiments of this application;
[0031] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the positioning block is shown in some embodiments of this application.
[0032] The names of the parts referred to by the numbers in the attached diagram are as follows:
[0033] 10. Workpiece; 11. Mating part; 100. Rotary shaft; 110. Mounting column; 200. Positioning code plate; 210. Limiting groove; 220. Positioning hole; 300. Fixing fixture; 310. Drive device; 320. Fixing claw; 321. Second fixing hole; 330. Mounting base; 340. First connecting rod; 341. Mounting groove; 342. First fixing hole; 343. Half thread bolt; 350. Second connecting rod; 400. Positioning fixture; 410. Positioning block; 411. Threaded hole; 420. Abutment rod. Detailed Implementation
[0034] To further understand the content of this utility model, a detailed description of this utility model will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative of this utility model and are not intended to limit it.
[0035] like Figure 1-6 As shown, this embodiment provides a machine tool fixture for fixing a workpiece. The machine tool fixture includes a circumferentially rotatable rotary shaft 100, a positioning encoder 200 detachably mounted on the end face of the rotary shaft 100, and a fixing fixture 300 detachably mounted on the end face of the rotary shaft 100. The positioning encoder 200 can receive the workpiece 10, and the fixing fixture 300 can press and fix the workpiece 10 on the positioning encoder 200. Through the cooperative operation of the positioning encoder 200 and the fixing fixture 300, the workpiece 10 can be better fixed on the end face of the rotary shaft 100.
[0036] Furthermore, since both the positioning code disk 200 and the fixing fixture 300 are detachably fixed on the end face of the rotary shaft 100, the positioning code disk 200 and / or fixing fixture 300 of different sizes and shapes can be replaced to achieve the effect of adapting to workpieces 10 of different sizes and shapes, so as to be able to adapt to the fixing of workpieces 10 of larger or smaller sizes or corresponding shapes on the end face of the rotary shaft 100.
[0037] It should be noted that, while both the positioning code disk 200 and the fixing clamp 300 are set on the end face of the rotary shaft 100, the fixing clamp 300 applies force along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 100 when pressing the workpiece 10 onto the positioning code disk 200. That is, the fixing clamp 300 squeezes the workpiece 10 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 100 to press the workpiece 10 onto the positioning code disk 200. This is different from the existing method of using a three-jaw chuck to move in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 100 and clamp the workpiece 10. In this embodiment, the positioning code disk 200 and the fixing clamp 300 will not protrude outside the circumferential contour of the rotary shaft 100 during the entire working process, which can better improve the safety of the operation.
[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, by detachably replacing the positioning code disk 200 and the fixing fixture 300 of different sizes or shapes, and by having the fixing fixture 300 press the workpiece 10 onto the positioning code disk 200 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 100, it is possible to better prevent the positioning code disk 200 and the fixing fixture 300 from protruding outside the axial contour of the rotating shaft 100, and to accommodate the fixing of workpieces 10 of larger or smaller sizes or corresponding shapes on the end face of the rotating shaft 100, thereby improving both safety and applicability.
[0039] It is worth noting that this embodiment employs a novel method for fixing the workpiece 10. Existing three-jaw chuck fixing methods involve placing the workpiece 10 in the center of the three-jaw chuck and clamping the circumferential sidewalls of the workpiece 10 by the radial movement of the three-jaw chuck along the rotation axis 100. However, this clamping is unstable, and the workpiece 10 may move axially and / or circumferentially relative to the rotation axis 100 during processing. In this application, the fixing fixture 300 presses the workpiece 10 onto the positioning encoder 200 in the axial direction of the rotation axis 100. Because the workpiece 10 is blocked by the fixing fixture 300 and the positioning encoder 200 in the axial direction of the rotation axis 100, the workpiece 10 is limited in this direction, thus better preventing movement of the workpiece 10 in the axial direction of the rotation axis 100. This results in higher stability for the workpiece 10 and improves both the safety and accuracy of its processing.
[0040] In some embodiments, the fixing clamp 300 includes a drive device 310 and a fixing claw 320. The drive device 310 can be disposed inside the rotating shaft 100 to achieve concealment and protection of the drive device 310, or it can be disposed on the end face of the rotating shaft 100 to facilitate disassembly, replacement, or maintenance of the drive device 310. The fixing claw 320 is connected to the drive device 310, and the operation of the drive device 310 can drive the movement of the fixing claw 320.
[0041] When the workpiece 10 is attached to the positioning code disk 200, the drive device 310 is activated. The drive device 310 can drive the fixing claw 320 to move toward the workpiece 10. When the fixing claw 320 moves to contact the workpiece 10, the fixing claw 320 can apply a force to the workpiece 10 in the axial direction of the rotation shaft 100, thereby pressing the workpiece 10 onto the positioning code disk 200, thus fixing the workpiece 10 on the end face of the rotation shaft 100.
[0042] In some embodiments, the fixing clamp 300 further includes a mounting base 330, a first connecting rod 340, and a second connecting rod 350. The mounting base 330 is fixedly mounted on the end face of the rotating shaft 100 by bolts. One end of the first connecting rod 340 is hinged to the drive device 310, and the other end of the first connecting rod 340 is hinged to the fixing claw 320. One end of the second connecting rod 350 is hinged to the mounting base 330, and the other end of the second connecting rod 350 is hinged to the first connecting rod 340.
[0043] It should be noted that the drive device 310 is directly connected to the first link 340, meaning that the drive device 310 directly drives the first link 340 to move. The movement of the first link 340, in turn, drives the movement of the fixed claw 320 under the constraint of the mounting base 330 and the second link 350. Furthermore, with the cooperation of the mounting base 330, the first link 340, and the second link 350, the fixed claw 320 can rotate relative to the rotary shaft 100, causing the fixed claw 320 to move towards the workpiece 10 through rotation and press the workpiece 10 onto the positioning code disk 200.
[0044] It is worth mentioning that by moving the fixed claw 320 toward the workpiece 10 in a rotating motion and pressing the workpiece 10 onto the positioning code disk 200, the movement of the fixed claw 320 in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 100 can be better avoided. This can better reduce the axial dimension of the fixed clamp 300 after it is set on the rotary shaft 100, saving space and making it easier to use.
[0045] In some embodiments, the fixed claw 320 and the first connecting rod 340 are not fixedly connected but floatingly connected. After the fixed claw 320 is connected to the first connecting rod 340, the fixed claw 320 can rotate relative to the first connecting rod 340 within a certain angle range. When the driving device 310 drives the fixed claw 320 to rotate toward the workpiece 10, after the fixed claw 320 contacts the workpiece 10, as the driving device 310 further drives the fixed claw 320 to press the workpiece 10, the workpiece 10 will have a reaction force on the fixed claw 320. Under the influence of this reaction force, the fixed claw 320 will rotate relative to the first connecting rod 340, thereby changing the positional state between the fixed claw 320 and the first connecting rod 340. During this process, the fixed claw 320 can more fully fit on the uneven surface of the workpiece 10, making the contact between the fixed claw 320 and the workpiece 10 more stable, thereby improving the stability of the fixed claw 320 pressing the workpiece 10 onto the positioning code disk 200.
[0046] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, a mounting groove 341 is provided on the other end of the first connecting rod 340, and a first fixing hole 342 communicating with the mounting groove 341 is provided on the first connecting rod 340. A second fixing hole 321 penetrating the fixing claw 320 is provided in the middle of the fixing claw 320. After the fixing claw 320 is placed in the mounting groove 341, the first fixing hole 342 and the second fixing hole 321 are aligned. Then, a half-threaded bolt 343 is inserted into the first fixing hole 342 and the second fixing hole 321, so that the unthreaded section of the half-threaded bolt 343 is in the second fixing hole 321. This allows the fixing claw 320 to rotate relative to the first connecting rod 340, making it easier for the fixing claw 320 to fit more fully on the uneven surface of the workpiece 10.
[0047] Furthermore, by designing the dimensions of the mounting groove 341 and the position of the first fixing hole 342, the fixing claw 320 can be rotated and adjusted within a range of 30 degrees relative to the first connecting rod 340 after being installed in the mounting groove 341. Of course, the range of rotation angles of the fixing claw 320 relative to the first connecting rod 340 can also be adjusted according to actual needs, without any particular limitation.
[0048] Furthermore, since the fixing claw 320 is installed in the mounting groove 341 by the half-thread bolt 343, the fixing claw 320 can be better disassembled and assembled, so that the fixing claw 320 can be replaced according to the size or shape of the workpiece 10. By replacing the fixing claw 320 with different sizes or shapes, different workpieces 10 can be better pressed and fixed on the positioning code plate 200, thus improving the applicability.
[0049] In some embodiments, the drive device 310 is a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or an electric telescopic rod, etc., and there is no particular limitation. In this embodiment, the drive device 310 is a hydraulic cylinder. The extension and retraction of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder drives the fixed claw 320. Specifically, with the cooperation of the mounting base 330, the first connecting rod 340 and the second connecting rod 350, the linear motion of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder can be better converted into the rotational motion of the fixed claw 320. This better enables the hydraulic cylinder to drive the fixed claw 320 to rotate toward the workpiece 10, so as to press the workpiece 10 onto the positioning code disk 200 and fix the workpiece 10 on the rotary shaft 100.
[0050] In some embodiments, a limiting groove 210 is provided on the positioning encoder 200, into which a portion of the workpiece 10 can extend. When the workpiece 10 is installed on the rotary shaft 100, a portion of the workpiece 10 is first extended into the limiting groove 210, so that the limiting groove 210 can pre-position the workpiece 10. Then, the drive device 310 is activated, so that the fixing claw 320 presses the workpiece 10 into the limiting groove 210, thereby fixing the workpiece 10 on the rotary shaft 100.
[0051] Furthermore, the positioning code disk 200 is fixedly mounted on the end face of the rotary shaft 100 by bolts, which allows the positioning code disk 200 to be better disassembled and assembled. This allows the positioning code disk 200 to be replaced according to workpieces 10 of different sizes or shapes, so that the limiting groove 210 on the positioning code disk 200 can match the size and shape of the workpiece 10. This better achieves the fixing of workpieces 10 of different sizes or shapes on the end face of the rotary shaft 100, thus improving the applicability.
[0052] Understandably, by setting the upper limit slot 210 of the positioning code disk 200, on the one hand, the workpiece 10 can be pre-positioned on the positioning code disk 200, so that the fixing claw 320 can stably press the workpiece 10 on the positioning code disk 200. On the other hand, the workpiece 10 can be better limited, so as to avoid the workpiece 10 from being offset when it is installed on the rotary shaft 100 and when it is being processed, thus improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece 10.
[0053] In some embodiments, a mounting post 110 is provided on the end face of the rotary shaft 100, and a positioning hole 220 is provided on the positioning code disk 200, which is connected to the limiting groove 210. When the positioning code disk 200 is replaced for workpieces 10 of different sizes or shapes, and during the process of installing the positioning code disk 200 onto the rotary shaft 100, the positioning code disk 200 is first sleeved onto the mounting post 110 through the positioning hole 220 to achieve pre-positioning of the positioning code disk 200 on the rotary shaft 100. Then, the positioning code disk 200 is fixedly connected to the rotary shaft 100 by bolts to achieve positional stability between the positioning code disk 200 and the rotary shaft 100.
[0054] In some embodiments, at least two positioning clamps 400 are provided on the end face of the rotary shaft 100. The at least two positioning clamps 400 are distributed around the positioning code disk 200, so that the positioning code disk 200 can be clamped by the at least two positioning clamps 400, thereby improving the stability of the positioning code disk 200 installed and fixed on the end face of the rotary shaft 100.
[0055] It should be noted that when the positioning code disk 200 is fixed to the end face of the rotary shaft 100 by bolts, there is a certain gap between the bolt and the corresponding screw hole, which prevents the bolt from completely fixing the positioning code disk 200 to the rotary shaft 100. With the cooperation of the bolt and the screw hole, the position of the positioning code disk 200 on the rotary shaft 100 can be finely adjusted. Specifically, the positioning code disk 200 can be rotated around the mounting post 110 to achieve fine adjustment. Then, the positioning code disk 200 is clamped and fixed by at least two positioning clamps 400, thereby achieving the fixed installation of the positioning code disk 200 on the end face of the rotary shaft 100. This can better improve the installation accuracy of the positioning code disk 200 and enable the positioning code disk 200 to better cooperate with the fixing claw 320.
[0056] In some embodiments, the positioning fixture 400 includes a positioning block 410 that is fixedly mounted on the end face of the rotating shaft 100 by bolts. A threaded hole 411 is provided on the positioning block 410, and a push rod 420 is threadedly connected in the threaded hole 411. By rotating the push rod 420, the push rod 420 can be moved toward the positioning code disk 200, so that the corresponding end of the push rod 420 can abut against the circumferential side wall of the positioning code disk 200.
[0057] Understandably, at least two positioning clamps 400 distributed around the positioning code disk 200 can abut against the positioning code disk 200 through the abutment rods 420 thereon. Thus, with the cooperation of multiple abutment rods 420, at least two positioning clamps 400 can clamp the positioning code disk 200, thereby achieving fixed installation of the positioning code disk 200 on the end face of the rotary shaft 100, avoiding relative movement between the positioning code disk 200 and the rotary shaft 100, and improving the stability of the positioning code disk 200 installed and fixed on the rotary shaft 100.
[0058] Combination Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, a mating part 11 is provided on the workpiece 10. When fixing the workpiece 10 on the end face of the rotary shaft 100, a portion of the workpiece 10 is first inserted into the limiting groove 210 to achieve pre-positioning of the workpiece 10 on the rotary shaft 100. Then, the drive device 310 is activated to make the fixing claw 320 move toward the mating part 11 by rotation, so that the fixing claw 320 presses the mating part 11 onto the positioning code disk 200, thereby achieving the fixed installation of the workpiece 10 on the end face of the rotary shaft 100.
[0059] In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the patent application of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the patent of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A machine tool fixture for fixing a workpiece, characterized in that: The device includes a rotary shaft, a positioning code disk detachably mounted on the end face of the rotary shaft, and a fixing fixture; the fixing fixture includes a driving device and a fixing claw connected to the driving device; the driving device is located inside the rotary shaft or on the end face of the rotary shaft, and the driving device is used to drive the fixing claw to press the workpiece onto the positioning code disk; the positioning code disk is used to receive the workpiece, and the fixing fixture is used to press and fix the workpiece onto the positioning code disk in the axial direction of the rotary shaft.
2. The machine tool fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing fixture also includes a mounting base, a first connecting rod, and a second connecting rod; The mounting base is fixedly disposed on the end face of the rotating shaft; One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the driving device, and the other end is connected to the fixed claw; One end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the mounting base, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod; The drive device can drive the fixed claw to press the workpiece onto the positioning code disk through the first link and the second link.
3. The machine tool fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed claw can rotate relative to the first connecting rod within an angular range.
4. The machine tool fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The other end of the first connecting rod is provided with a mounting groove; the fixing claw is rotatably disposed in the mounting groove through the shaft hole.
5. The machine tool fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device is a hydraulic cylinder.
6. The machine tool fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning encoder is provided with a limiting groove for a portion of the workpiece to extend into.
7. The machine tool fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting post is provided on the end face of the rotary shaft; a positioning hole is provided on the positioning code disk; the positioning code disk is sleeved on the mounting post through the positioning hole.
8. The machine tool fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two positioning clamps are provided on the end face of the rotary shaft, which are distributed around the positioning code disk. The at least two positioning clamps cooperate with each other to clamp and position the positioning code disk.
9. The machine tool fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning fixture includes a positioning block and a stop rod; the positioning block is provided with a threaded hole, and the stop rod is threaded into the threaded hole; The abutment rod can move relative to the positioning code disk and abut against the positioning code disk.