Soft rock roadway supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of underground engineering, and discloses a soft rock roadway supporting structure which comprises a side supporting frame, a top supporting frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top end of the side supporting frame, a transverse steel frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side supporting frame, and a buffering mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the transverse steel frame. A supporting mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the side supporting frame; the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting plate, a hinge rod is hinged to the outer wall of the supporting plate, a moving rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hinge rod, a sliding plate is elastically connected to the inner wall of the moving rod through a connecting spring, and a clamping block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding plate. Through the arrangement of the supporting mechanism, the contact area with the ground can be increased, the supporting effect can be provided, the preliminary stabilizing effect can be achieved when the side supporting frame is installed, labor force needed by an operator for supporting the side supporting frame is reduced, and working intensity is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of underground engineering technology, specifically a soft rock tunnel support structure. Background Technology

[0002] The soft rock tunnel support structure is an engineering structural system used to maintain the stability of soft rock tunnels. It mainly includes anchor bolts, anchor cables, metal mesh, steel strips, and shotcrete. Anchor bolts and anchor cables can penetrate deep into the surrounding rock to improve its own bearing capacity; metal mesh and steel strips can protect the surface; shotcrete can seal the surface of the surrounding rock. Together with anchor bolts and metal mesh, they combine the surrounding rock of the soft rock tunnel into an organic whole, effectively controlling the deformation and damage of the soft rock tunnel.

[0003] A search revealed a soft rock tunnel support structure with multiple grouting capabilities, disclosed in publication number CN208996742U. This structure includes a soft rock tunnel, with a cement support layer fixedly connected to its inner wall. A support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the soft rock tunnel, and multiple displacement monitoring mechanisms are evenly spaced between the support frame and the cement support layer. This invention employs a two-stage support system. The first stage effectively provides initial support for newly mined soft rock tunnels, while the second stage supports unstable soft rock tunnels. It monitors the amount of deformation caused by stress in the surrounding rock and determines whether re-grouting is necessary based on whether the deformation triggers a warning light. The support effect is excellent, significantly improving efficiency.

[0004] When installing support structures in soft rock tunnels, it is necessary to first fix the side support frame to the wall of the soft rock tunnel, and then install other support structures on the basis of the side support frame. However, the above-mentioned device cannot provide initial support and fixation for the side support frame when installing it. It may be necessary for the operator to manually support the side support frame to keep it in contact with the wall before it can be fixed by anchor bolts and anchor cables. This method is relatively laborious and increases the workload of the operator. Therefore, a support structure for soft rock tunnels is proposed to address the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this utility model provides a support structure for soft rock roadways, which solves the problem that the existing technology makes it inconvenient to initially fix the side support frame.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a soft rock roadway support structure, including a side support frame, a top support frame fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the side support frame, a horizontal steel frame fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side support frame, a buffer mechanism provided on the outer wall of the horizontal steel frame, and a support mechanism provided on the outer wall of the side support frame.

[0007] The support mechanism includes a support plate, a hinge rod hinged to the outer wall of the support plate, a movable rod rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hinge rod, a sliding plate elastically connected to the inner wall of the movable rod via a connecting spring, a locking block fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding plate, a threaded rod rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support plate, a base plate slidably connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the support plate, a trapezoidal block slidably connected to the inner wall of the support plate, and a connecting rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the support plate.

[0008] Preferably, the outer wall of the side support frame has a slot, the support plate is hinged to the inner wall of the side support frame, and the moving rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the side support frame.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding plate, the other end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving rod, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the moving rod, and the locking block is engaged with the locking groove.

[0010] Preferably, the trapezoidal block is threadedly connected to the threaded rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is slidably connected to the outer wall of the trapezoidal block.

[0011] Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a fixed plate, which is elastically connected to the top outer wall of the horizontal steel frame by a buffer spring. A sliding rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate, a fixed rod is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the horizontal steel frame, a rubber ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed rod, and a damping ring is hinged to the bottom outer wall of the fixed plate by a rotating rod.

[0012] Preferably, the two ends of the buffer spring are fixedly connected to the fixed plate and the outer wall of the horizontal steel frame, respectively, and the slide rod is slidably connected to the outer wall of the horizontal steel frame.

[0013] Preferably, the two ends of the rotating rod are hinged to the outer wall of the damping ring and the fixing plate, respectively, the damping ring is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixing rod, and the damping ring is in contact with the rubber ring.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] This utility model, through the setting of the support mechanism, when the side support frame is installed on the side wall of a soft rock roadway, can move the moving rod downward to drive the hinge rod and support plate to flip, so that the support plate contacts and is fixed with the ground. Rotating the threaded rod moves the two sets of bottom plates to both sides, which can increase the contact area with the ground and provide a support effect, so as to achieve a preliminary stabilizing effect when installing the side support frame, reduce the labor required for operators to support the side support frame, and reduce the workload. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the side support frame and the movable rod of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the support plate of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Side support frame; 2. Support mechanism; 201. Support plate; 202. Hinge rod; 203. Slot; 204. Moving rod; 205. Connecting spring; 206. Sliding plate; 207. Locking block; 208. Base plate; 209. Threaded rod; 210. Trapezoidal block; 211. Connecting rod; 3. Buffer mechanism; 301. Fixed plate; 302. Sliding rod; 303. Fixed rod; 304. Rubber ring; 305. Buffer spring; 306. Rotating rod; 307. Damping ring; 4. Top support frame; 5. Horizontal steel frame. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model provides a soft rock tunnel support structure, including a side support frame 1. A top support frame 4 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the top of the side support frame 1. A horizontal steel frame 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the side support frame 1. A buffer mechanism 3 is provided on the outer wall of the horizontal steel frame 5. A support mechanism 2 is provided on the outer wall of the side support frame 1. The support mechanism 2 includes a support plate 201. A hinge rod 202 is hinged to the outer wall of the support plate 201. A moving rod 204 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hinge rod 202. A sliding plate 206 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the moving rod 204 through a connecting spring 205. A locking block 207 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding plate 206. A threaded rod 209 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support plate 201. A bottom plate 208 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support plate 201. A trapezoidal block 210 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support plate 201. A connecting rod 211 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support plate 201.

[0024] Using the above scheme: the side support frame 1 can be installed on the side wall of the soft rock roadway, and the top support frame 4 can be fixed to the top of the side support frame 1 with bolts, and then further fixed to the top wall of the soft rock roadway. Both the side support frame 1 and the top support frame 4 can be fixed with anchor bolts and anchor cables. When fixing the side support frame 1, the operator needs to support the side support frame 1 to make it fit against the wall, and then fix it with anchor bolts and anchor cables. At this time, the support mechanism 2 can provide auxiliary support, reducing the force required for the operator to support the side support frame 1 and reducing the workload. The support plate 201 can rotate in the inner wall of the side support frame 1. When rotated into the inner wall of the side support frame 1, it can save space and facilitate carrying and transportation. Figure 2 As shown; when it rotates outward to contact the ground, it can provide support; the moving rod 204 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the side support frame 1 to ensure that it can move vertically and linearly; the slot 203 is provided with two sets, upper and lower; the locking block 207 can be engaged with the slot 203 under the elastic force of the connecting spring 205 to fix the position of the hinge rod 202 and the support plate 201.

[0025] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the outer wall of the side support frame 1 is provided with a slot 203, the support plate 201 is hinged to the inner wall of the side support frame 1, and the moving rod 204 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the side support frame 1; one end of the connecting spring 205 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding plate 206, and the other end of the connecting spring 205 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving rod 204, the sliding plate 206 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the moving rod 204, and the locking block 207 is locked to the slot 203; the trapezoidal block 210 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 209, one end of the connecting rod 211 is fixedly connected to the base plate 208, and the other end of the connecting rod 211 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the trapezoidal block 210.

[0026] Using the above solution: by moving the movable rod 204 up and down, the hinge rod 202 can be rotated, and the support plate 201 can be rotated along its connection with the side support frame 1; when it is necessary to move the movable rod 204, the sliding plate 206 can be pulled outward, and the connecting spring 205 is stretched by force. At this time, the sliding plate 206 drives the locking block 207 to move outward synchronously, and the locking block 207 disengages from the locking groove 203, thereby releasing the limitation of the movable rod 204 and the hinge rod 202 and moving it; when the movable rod 204 moves upward, the hinge rod 202 and the support plate 201 rotate upward. It can be retracted into the inner wall of the side support frame 1, and the support plate 201 and the hinge rod 202 are fixed by the locking block 207 engaging with the upper locking slot 203; when the moving rod 204 moves downward, the support plate 201 and the hinge rod 202 can be unfolded, and the two can be fixed by the locking block 207 engaging with the lower locking slot 203, and the support plate 201 provides support force by contacting the ground; when the moving rod 204 moves to the appropriate position, the sliding plate 206 is released, and the sliding plate 206 moves back to its original position under the elastic force of the connecting spring 205, so that the locking block 207 engages with the corresponding locking slot 203.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the position of the trapezoidal block 210 can be adjusted by rotating the threaded rod 209. When the threaded rod 209 rotates, the trapezoidal block 210 will move along the thread direction of the threaded rod 209. Since the trapezoidal block 210 can only move vertically within the inner wall of the support plate 201, it can be moved up and down by rotating the threaded rod 209. One end of the connecting rod 211 is slidably connected to the inclined side wall of the trapezoidal block 210, and the connecting rod 211 can only move laterally within the inner wall of the support plate 201. Therefore, the movement of the trapezoidal block 210 will drive the connecting rod 211 to move to the sides or the middle, and drive the corresponding bottom plate 208 to move synchronously. This can increase the contact area between the support plate 201, the bottom plate 208 and the roadway floor, further optimize the support effect, and ensure the stability of the support for the side support frame 1.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, the buffer mechanism 3 includes a fixed plate 301, which is elastically connected to the top outer wall of the horizontal steel frame 5 via a buffer spring 305. A sliding rod 302 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate 301, and a fixed rod 303 is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the horizontal steel frame 5. A rubber ring 304 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed rod 303. A damping ring 307 is hinged to the bottom outer wall of the fixed plate 301 via a rotating rod 306. The two ends of the buffer spring 305 are fixedly connected to the fixed plate 301 and the outer wall of the horizontal steel frame 5, respectively. The sliding rod 302 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the horizontal steel frame 5. The two ends of the rotating rod 306 are hinged to the damping ring 307 and the outer wall of the fixed plate 301, respectively. The damping ring 307 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed rod 303 and contacts the rubber ring 304.

[0029] The above scheme is adopted: the side support frames 1 need to be connected by horizontal steel frames 5 to improve the fixing effect. The buffer mechanism 3 can effectively absorb and buffer part of the energy when the horizontal steel frame 5 is impacted by falling rocks or other debris in the tunnel, reducing the instantaneous impact force on the horizontal steel frame 5 and preventing the horizontal steel frame 5 from being damaged due to excessive impact force. The sliding rod 302 on the outer wall of the fixed plate 301 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the horizontal steel frame 5. The sliding rod 302 plays a guiding and limiting role, ensuring that the fixed plate 301 can move up and down when it is subjected to impact force and the reaction force of the buffer spring 305, avoiding skewness or jamming, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the buffer mechanism. When the fixed plate 301 is subjected to falling rocks, etc. When debris impacts and moves downwards, it compresses the buffer spring 305 and causes the rotating rod 306 to flip. The rotating rod 306 causes the damping ring 307 to slide along the outer wall of the fixed rod 303 and contact the rubber ring 304 to generate friction. This friction can further consume the energy in the buffering process, play a damping role, and make the buffering process more stable. When the reaction force of the buffer spring 305 causes the fixed plate 301 to move upward and reset, it avoids excessive vibration or rebound due to the elastic recovery of the buffer spring 305, thereby improving the buffering performance and stability of the entire buffering mechanism and better protecting the overall support structure from the impact and damage caused by factors such as soft rock deformation.

[0030] Working principle and usage process of this utility model:

[0031] The operator can first move the side support frame 1 to the side wall of the soft rock tunnel, making the side support frame 1 fit against the wall. Then, pull the sliding plate 206 on the moving rod 204 outward, and the connecting spring 205 will be stretched, causing the locking block 207 to disengage from the upper locking groove 203, releasing the limit between the moving rod 204 and the hinge rod 202. Then, move the moving rod 204 downward, causing the hinge rod 202 to flip, thereby causing the support plate 201 to flip outward along its connection with the side support frame 1 until it contacts the ground. At this time, release the sliding plate 206. 06. Under the elastic force of the connecting spring 205, the locking block 207 engages with the lower locking groove 203, fixing the position of the support plate 201 and the hinge rod 202. Then, by rotating the threaded rod 209, the trapezoidal block 210 moves downward, driving the connecting rod 211 and the bottom plate 208 to move to both sides, increasing the contact area between the support plate 201, the bottom plate 208 and the roadway floor, optimizing the support effect. Through the auxiliary support effect provided by the support mechanism 2, the force required for the operator to support the side support frame 1 is reduced, and the workload is reduced.

[0032] Next, the top support frame 4 can be fixed to the top of the side support frame 1 with bolts, so that it fits against the top wall of the soft rock tunnel. Anchor bolts and anchor cables are used to fix the side support frame 1 and the top support frame 4 to the wall and top of the soft rock tunnel to ensure the stability of the support structure. The overall installation of the support mechanism is then completed. During normal use, when rocks or debris fall from above the soft rock tunnel, they will impact the fixed plate 301. The fixed plate 301 and the sliding rod 302 move downward and squeeze the buffer spring 305. At the same time, the rotating rod 306 is rotated, causing the two sets of damping rings 307 to move towards the middle along the outer wall of the fixed rod 303. Since the damping rings 307 are in contact with the outer wall of the rubber ring 304, the friction is large during the movement, which can reduce the range of movement of the fixed plate 301 due to impact, improve the buffering effect, and prevent falling rocks or other debris from damaging the horizontal steel frame 5 and affecting the overall effect of the support mechanism.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A support structure for soft rock tunnels, comprising a side support frame (1), characterized in that: The top outer wall of the side support frame (1) is fixedly connected to the top support frame (4), the outer wall of the side support frame (1) is fixedly connected to the horizontal steel frame (5), the outer wall of the horizontal steel frame (5) is provided with a buffer mechanism (3), and the outer wall of the side support frame (1) is provided with a support mechanism (2). The support mechanism (2) includes a support plate (201), a hinge rod (202) is hinged to the outer wall of the support plate (201), a moving rod (204) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the hinge rod (202), a sliding plate (206) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the moving rod (204) through a connecting spring (205), a locking block (207) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding plate (206), a threaded rod (209) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support plate (201), a bottom plate (208) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the bottom end of the support plate (201), a trapezoidal block (210) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support plate (201), and a connecting rod (211) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the support plate (201).

2. The soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the side support frame (1) is provided with a slot (203), the support plate (201) is hinged to the inner wall of the side support frame (1), and the moving rod (204) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the side support frame (1).

3. The soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the connecting spring (205) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding plate (206), and the other end of the connecting spring (205) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the moving rod (204). The sliding plate (206) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the moving rod (204), and the locking block (207) is engaged with the locking groove (203).

4. The soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trapezoidal block (210) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (209), one end of the connecting rod (211) is fixedly connected to the base plate (208), and the other end of the connecting rod (211) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the trapezoidal block (210).

5. The soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism (3) includes a fixed plate (301), which is elastically connected to the top outer wall of the horizontal steel frame (5) by a buffer spring (305). A sliding rod (302) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate (301), a fixed rod (303) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the horizontal steel frame (5), a rubber ring (304) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed rod (303), and a damping ring (307) is hinged to the bottom outer wall of the fixed plate (301) by a rotating rod (306).

6. The soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two ends of the buffer spring (305) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate (301) and the horizontal steel frame (5), respectively, and the slide rod (302) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the horizontal steel frame (5).

7. The soft rock tunnel support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two ends of the rotating rod (306) are respectively hinged to the outer wall of the damping ring (307) and the fixing plate (301). The damping ring (307) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixing rod (303). The damping ring (307) is in contact with the rubber ring (304).

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