Wind shielding device for tunnel construction

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses a wind shielding device for tunnel construction, which comprises a support frame, the support frame is provided with a plurality of air duct holes and a ventilation part arranged to avoid the air duct holes, and the support frame is detachably connected with a wind shielding part used for shielding the ventilation part. According to the wind shield wall, the wind shield part used for shielding and sealing the ventilation part is detachably connected to the supporting frame, wind is reasonably supplied in different ventilation stages in the construction process, and the problems that in the prior art, when wind shield walls are arranged in the two ventilation stages in extra-long tunnel construction, an existing brick wind shield wall is high in cost and long in construction time are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a tunnel construction technical field, concretely relates to a wind shielding device for tunnel construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ventilation mode in tunnel construction mainly includes mechanical ventilation, roadway ventilation and wind wall ventilation, wherein the mechanical ventilation is to send fresh air into the tunnel interior through mechanical equipment while discharging the foul air; the roadway ventilation is suitable for super-long tunnel with parallel drifts, and the circulation system of air flow is formed through the connection channel of the parallel drifts and the main tunnel, the foul air is discharged from the parallel drifts, the fresh air is entered from the main tunnel, and the circulating air flow is formed; the wind wall ventilation is to separate the air duct by bricks and boards at the appropriate position of the tunnel under the condition that the tunnel is long and has no parallel drifts, so as to reduce the length of the air pipe, increase the air force and meet the ventilation requirement.

[0003] For the super-long tunnel construction in some special geographical position, the construction can only be carried out from one end of the tunnel due to the special construction limitation, which causes large ventilation pressure in the tunnel construction process. In order to solve the problem of large ventilation difficulty in the special scene, the inventor sets a specific ventilation mode, sets two ventilation stages in the construction process, adopts the pressure-in ventilation in the mechanical ventilation in the first ventilation stage, starts the second ventilation stage after the tunnel construction reaches the predetermined length, adopts the roadway ventilation in the second ventilation stage, uses one of the tunnels as the fresh air inlet channel and sets the wind shielding wall, uses the cross channel between the two tunnels as the intermediate channel, and uses the other tunnel as the tunnel foul air discharge channel. The combination of the first ventilation stage and the second ventilation stage with different ventilation modes effectively solves the problem of large ventilation difficulty in the super-long tunnel construction process. In order to ensure the ventilation quality of the first stage and the second stage, the wind shielding wall is set after the first ventilation stage, the fan is installed on the wind shielding wall, the fan is used to send air to the second ventilation stage, and the position of the wind shielding wall needs to be changed as the length of the tunnel construction increases, so as to ensure the air supply quality of the second ventilation stage to the tunnel face.

[0004] Although the above ventilation mode can meet the basic ventilation requirement in the super-long tunnel construction process, the following problems still exist in the actual application process: 1. The support mechanism for installing the fan and the air pipe needs to be set in the first ventilation stage, and the separate setting cost is high; 2. The existing wind shielding wall is generally a brick-laid wind shielding wall, and the construction period of the brick-laid construction is long, especially when the tunnel length is long and the wind shielding wall needs to be set multiple times, which seriously affects the construction period of the tunnel face; 3. The stability of the existing wind shielding wall is poor, when the distance between the wind shielding wall and the tunnel face is close, the shock wave generated by the blasting of the tunnel face may damage the wind shielding wall, which not only affects the ventilation quality, but also has safety risks. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model intends to provide a wind shielding device for tunnel construction, to solve the problem of high cost and long construction time of the existing brick masonry wind shielding wall when setting the wind shielding wall in the two ventilation stages of super-long tunnel construction in the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a wind shielding device for tunnel construction, comprising a support frame, a plurality of wind cylinder holes and a ventilation part provided by avoiding the wind cylinder hole are arranged on the support frame, and a wind shielding part for shielding the ventilation part is detachably connected to the support frame.

[0007] The principle and beneficial effects of the scheme are as follows: in the application, the support frame serves as the support structure of the entire wind shielding device, and the fan, the wind cylinder and other ventilation structures in the prior art can be fixedly connected to the support frame; meanwhile, a plurality of wind cylinder holes and a ventilation part are arranged on the support frame, the wind cylinder holes are used for penetrating the wind cylinder for ventilation, the ventilation part is provided by avoiding the wind cylinder hole, the ventilation part serves as a ventilation channel, so that the air at one end of the support frame can flow to the other end of the support frame through the ventilation part; at this time, the wind shielding device without the wind shielding part can be installed outside the tunnel portal, and the wind shielding device is used to provide installation support for the fan and the wind cylinder used in the first ventilation stage.

[0008] In addition, in the application, the wind shielding part for shielding the ventilation part is detachably connected to the support frame, when the first ventilation stage is completed and the second ventilation stage is entered, the wind shielding part is only needed to be installed on the support frame, the wind shielding part is used to shield the ventilation part, in this state, the entire wind shielding device plays the role of the brick masonry wind shielding wall in the prior art, at this time, when the first ventilation stage delivers the air to the wind shielding device, the fan and the wind cylinder connected to the wind shielding device can deliver fresh air to the working face, ventilation in the second ventilation stage is realized, and under the blocking action of the wind shielding device, the dirty air between the working face and the wind shielding device can only flow to the other tunnel through the cross passage and be discharged, the dirty air is prevented from flowing back to the fan position through the wind shielding device, the dirty air is prevented from being sucked back to the construction position, and the quality of ventilation is ensured.

[0009] In summary, the wind blocking device provided in the application can serve as a mounting support bracket for the fan and the air duct in the first ventilation stage when the wind blocking part is not installed, thereby ensuring smooth air supply in the first ventilation stage. When the wind blocking part is installed on the support bracket to shield the ventilation part, the entire wind blocking device functions as the wind blocking wall in the prior art, so the entire wind blocking device only needs to be moved to the second ventilation stage to ensure smooth ventilation in the second ventilation stage. More importantly, as the length of the tunnel construction in the second ventilation stage increases, the wind blocking device can be moved to a new position in the tunnel as needed to meet the ventilation requirements of the second ventilation stage. Therefore, the ventilation device in the application can not only meet the use requirements of the first ventilation stage and the second ventilation stage, but also effectively reduce the equipment cost of ventilation. At the same time, the entire ventilation device can be assembled in different ways as the tunnel construction proceeds and can be easily moved to the corresponding position to perform different functions. Compared with the construction method of using a brick-laid wind blocking wall in the prior art, the application can effectively reduce the time for setting the wind blocking wall, thereby shortening the construction period of the tunnel.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the ventilation part includes a plurality of ventilation holes provided on the support bracket, and the wind blocking part includes a plurality of one-way ventilation pieces corresponding to the ventilation holes in number.

[0011] In this scheme, the number of one-way ventilation pieces is equal to and corresponds to the number of ventilation holes, and the top of the one-way ventilation piece is rotatably connected to the side of the support bracket away from the tunnel face. When the one-way ventilation piece is not subjected to external force, the one-way ventilation piece rotates to a state of shielding the ventilation part under the action of its own gravity, so that the gas on the side of the wind blocking part facing the tunnel face cannot flow out of the tunnel through the ventilation part, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the air supply in the second ventilation stage.

[0012] At the same time, in this scheme, when the shock wave generated by the blasting of the tunnel face is transmitted to the one-way ventilation piece, the one-way ventilation piece is automatically rotated relative to the wind blocking part under the impact of the shock wave to open, so that the shock wave can pass through the entire wind blocking device through the ventilation part. The ventilation part functions as a pressure relief, effectively reducing the impact damage of the blasting shock wave to the wind blocking device and improving the stability of the use of the wind blocking device.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the support frame comprises a bottom support beam, vertical support beams fixedly connected to the bottom support beam, and layered support beams, the number of the layered support beams being multiple, and the multiple layered support beams being divided into at least two groups of support beams, all the layered support beams in each group of support beams surrounding a support platform along the length direction of the tunnel.

[0014] In the scheme, at least two support platforms along the length direction of the tunnel are arranged in the support frame, the space between the two support platforms can be used to conveniently and stably install and fix the fan and the air duct structure, and the vertical support beams and the layered support beams are installed on the bottom support beam, the bottom support beam can stably support the overall support frame structure, and the support frame can be conveniently moved during use.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, a support steel mesh is fixedly connected to the support platform.

[0016] In the scheme, the support steel mesh is arranged on the support platform, the support steel mesh has simple structure and light weight, and a worker can stand on the support steel mesh to complete the installation and fixation of the fan and the air duct, and the operation is safer.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, a first reinforcing beam is fixedly connected between the layered support beams and the vertical support beams, and a second reinforcing beam is fixedly connected between the bottom support beam and the vertical support beams.

[0018] In the scheme, the first reinforcing beam and the second reinforcing beam are used to reinforce the structure of the support frame, and improve the stability of the support frame during use.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, a walking channel is arranged on the support frame, and one end of a wind blocking part arranged on the support frame is connected with a switch door matched with the walking channel.

[0020] In the scheme, the walking channel is arranged on the support frame, and workers, vehicles and the like during construction can pass through the support frame through the walking channel, so that the tunnel construction can be smoothly carried out; meanwhile, one end of the wind blocking part arranged on the support frame is connected with the switch door matched with the walking channel, when the entire wind blocking device is applied to the wind blocking wall in the second ventilation stage, the switch door can be closed, so that the wind blocking device can have good wind blocking effect on the entire tunnel.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, a flexible blocking piece matched with the secondary lining is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the flexible blocking piece is located between the secondary lining and the support frame.

[0022] In the scheme, the flexible blocking piece is arranged between the support frame and the secondary lining, the flexible blocking piece has better adhesion with the secondary lining, and can have better sealing effect.

[0023] Preferably, as an improvement, the one-way ventilation piece comprises a stainless steel baffle, and the cross-sectional area of the stainless steel baffle is greater than the ventilation area of the ventilation hole.

[0024] In this scheme, the stainless steel baffle is used as the one-way ventilation piece. The stainless steel material can well adapt to the complex construction environment in the tunnel. The stainless steel baffle is convenient to cut and has low cost and good strength, and can stably withstand the shock wave generated by the blasting of the tunnel face. When the shock wave generated by the blasting of the tunnel face impacts the stainless steel baffle, the position of the stainless steel baffle that is greater than the ventilation hole is in contact with the supporting frame, so that the supporting frame stably supports the stainless steel baffle, thereby ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0025] Preferably, as an improvement, the thickness of the stainless steel baffle is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

[0026] In this scheme, the thickness of the stainless steel baffle is set to be greater than or equal to 5 mm, so as to ensure that the strength of the stainless steel baffle is sufficient to effectively withstand the shock wave generated by the blasting of the tunnel face, and the service life is long and the stainless steel baffle can stably work for a long time.

[0027] Preferably, as an improvement, the bottom of the supporting frame is rotatably connected with a traveling wheel.

[0028] In this scheme, the traveling wheel is rotatably connected to the bottom of the supporting frame, so as to push the whole wind blocking device to walk along the tunnel to the predetermined position, and the transfer is more labor-saving, efficient and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a front view of the supporting frame and the walking channel in the embodiment one of the utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a side view of the supporting frame in the embodiment one of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the mounting plate and the opened door on the mounting frame.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the plurality of stainless steel baffles on the mounting plate in the embodiment one of the utility model.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a side sectional view of the rotating connection between the stainless steel baffle and the mounting plate in the embodiment one of the utility model.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the embodiment two of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following is further described in detail through specific embodiments:

[0036] The reference signs in the drawings of the specification include: support frame 1, bottom support beam 101, vertical support beam 102, layered support beam 103, mounting plate 2, wind cylinder hole 201, ventilation hole 202, walking wheel 3, support seat 4, first reinforcing beam 5, second reinforcing beam 6, stainless steel baffle 7, walking channel 8, switch door 9, flexible blocking piece 10, wind cylinder 100.

[0037] Example one

[0038] This embodiment one is shown in FIG. 1 and Figure 3 A wind blocking device for tunnel construction, comprising a support frame 1, the support frame 1 is provided with a plurality of wind cylinder holes 201 and ventilation parts provided with the wind cylinder holes 201, in order to facilitate the formation of the wind cylinder holes 201, in this embodiment, mounting plates 2 are fixedly connected on the support frame 1 by screws or welding, the number of the mounting plates 2 is multiple, the multiple mounting plates 2 are connected into one to form a panel shape, circular holes are opened on the mounting plates 2, the holes form the wind cylinder holes 201 for supporting the wind cylinder 100 in the prior art.

[0039] In combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the support frame 1 includes a bottom support beam 101, a vertical support beam 102 and a layered support beam 103, the number of the bottom support beam 101 is two, the two bottom support beams 101 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the tunnel, the number of the vertical support beam 102 is at least four Figure 2 The case where the vertical support beam 102 is six is shown in the figure), all the vertical support beams 102 are vertically divided into two groups, the two groups of vertical support beams 102 are respectively welded on the top of the two bottom support beams 101; the number of the layered support beam 103 is multiple and the multiple layered support beams 103 are divided into at least two groups of support beams, in this embodiment, the number of the groups of support beams is four, of which two groups of support beams are located above the outer sides of the two bottom support beams 101, in combination with Figure 3The two groups of support beams and the vertical support beam 102 form a wind duct hole 201 of the 1.8m wind duct 100, one group of support beams is located above the middle of the two bottom support beams 101, and the other group of support beams is located at the top of the vertical support beam 102, and the two groups of support beams and the vertical support beam 102 form a wind duct hole 201 of the 1.5m wind duct 100. Of course, in other embodiments other than the present embodiment, the number of support beam groups is set according to the number and size of the wind duct 100 during tunnel construction, and in order to improve construction safety, a support steel mesh is welded at the top of each support beam group so that workers can stand on the support steel mesh to install and fix the fan and the wind duct 100, etc., which will not be described here. In addition, the walking wheels 3 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the bottom support beam 101 in the present embodiment, and the entire wind blocking device can be more conveniently and labor-savingly pushed along the tunnel by the walking wheels 3, which is lower in transfer cost and more efficient.

[0040] In combination with Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the length of the support frame 1 in the present embodiment along the length direction of the tunnel is greater than or equal to 6m, so that the fan and the wind duct 100 structure in the prior art can be smoothly installed and fixed on the support frame 1, and in order to facilitate the installation of the wind duct 100, a support seat 4 can be welded at the top of the layered support beam 103, the support seat 4 is an open structure with an arc-shaped support groove opened at the top end, which can conveniently and stably support and fix the wind duct 100. At the same time, in order to improve the structural strength of the entire support frame 1, a first reinforcing beam 5 is welded between the layered support beam 103 and the vertical support beam 102 in the present embodiment, and a second reinforcing beam 6 is welded between the bottom support beam 101 and the vertical support beam 102.

[0041] At the same time, in combination with Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a ventilation part is provided on the support frame 1 at a position avoiding the wind duct hole 201, and a wind blocking part for blocking the ventilation part is detachably connected to the support frame 1. Specifically, the ventilation part is a ventilation hole 202 on the mounting plate 2 outside the wind duct hole 201, and the air on one side of the support frame 1 can flow to the other side of the support frame 1 through the ventilation hole 202, and in the present embodiment, the ventilation hole 202 is directly opened on the mounting plate 2. In combination with Figure 5The wind blocking part in the embodiment comprises single-way ventilation pieces equal in number to the ventilation holes 202 and corresponding one by one, and for the convenience of processing and installation, etc., the single-way ventilation pieces are stainless steel flaps 7, the cross-sectional area of the stainless steel flaps 7 is greater than the ventilation area of the corresponding ventilation holes 202, the top of the stainless steel flaps 7 is rotationally connected to the mounting plate 2 through a pin shaft or a hinge, and the stainless steel flaps 7 are rotationally connected to the support frame 1 at the end away from the working face in the prior art, and in order to ensure that the stainless steel flaps 7 have sufficient strength, the thickness of the stainless steel flaps 7 is greater than or equal to 5 mm, and in the embodiment, it is preferably 1 cm. When the stainless steel flaps 7 are not subjected to external force, under the action of the weight of the stainless steel flaps 7 themselves, the stainless steel flaps 7 are rotated to be attached to the mounting plate 2, at this time, the stainless steel flaps 7 seal the corresponding ventilation holes 202, so that the entire wind blocking device can be used as a wind blocking wall.

[0042] In combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 A walking channel 8 along the length direction of the tunnel is arranged between the two groups of vertical support beams 102, and the end of the wind blocking part arranged on the support frame 1 is connected with a switch door 9 matched with the walking channel 8, the switch door 9 adopts an electric roller shutter door, when the walking channel 8 needs to be used, the electric roller shutter door can be simply wound up, and in other states, the electric roller shutter door can be lowered to close the walking channel 8, so that the sealing and wind blocking effect of the entire wind blocking device is better.

[0043] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0044] The wind blocking device in the embodiment is used for ventilation in the construction process of an extra-long tunnel. Specifically, in the construction of an extra-long tunnel, in order to ensure the ventilation quality, the entire tunnel construction stage is divided into a first ventilation stage and a second ventilation stage, the first ventilation stage is used for air supply when the length of the tunnel construction is less than 2.8 km, and specifically, a pressure-in ventilation mode is adopted, when the length of the tunnel construction is greater than 2.8 km, the second ventilation stage is entered, the wind blocking device in the embodiment is arranged at a suitable position in one of the tunnels, the tunnel is used as a fresh air inlet channel, and the other tunnel is used as a contaminated air outlet channel, and the cross tunnel between the two tunnels is used as an intermediate channel.

[0045] In the first ventilation stage, the wind shielding device is not installed with the stainless steel baffle 7, at this time the wind shielding device only serves as the installation and fixation of the fan and the air duct 100, in this stage, the fan directly transports fresh air outside the tunnel to the tunnel face position through the air duct 100, and the polluted air automatically flows outward along the tunnel; after the tunnel construction reaches a length of 2.8 km, the pressure-in ventilation mode in the first ventilation stage cannot meet the ventilation demand, at this time the second ventilation stage is entered, the roadway ventilation mode is adopted, the wind shielding device in the embodiment is arranged at the transition position between the first ventilation stage and the second ventilation stage, and the stainless steel baffle 7 is rotatably installed on the installation plate 2; in the normal state, the stainless steel baffle 7 is rotated to be in close contact with the installation plate 2 to seal the ventilation hole 202 under the action of its own gravity, at this time the fan and the air duct 100 installed on the support frame 1 can transport fresh air near the tunnel opening end of the support frame 1 to the tunnel face position, and the stainless steel baffle 7 can block the polluted air between the wind shielding device and the tunnel face, so as to avoid the polluted air from entering the fan position through the ventilation hole 202 and being sucked to the tunnel face position again, effectively ensuring the cleanliness of ventilation, and the polluted air enters another tunnel through the cross tunnel and is discharged out of the tunnel.

[0046] In addition, when the tunnel face is blasted, the shock wave generated by the blasting is transmitted to the stainless steel baffle 7, since the stainless steel baffle 7 is rotatably connected to the installation plate 2, when the stainless steel baffle 7 is impacted by the shock wave, it can automatically rotate relative to the installation plate 2 to open the ventilation hole 202, at this time the stainless steel baffle 7 can be relieved after rotation, reducing the impact damage of the blasting impact force to the wind shielding device, thereby improving the stability of the entire wind shielding device. At the same time, when the length of the tunnel construction increases to a certain length, the entire wind shielding device can be moved forward along the tunnel to ensure that the tunnel face can be fully ventilated.

[0047] Embodiment Two

[0048] The difference between Embodiment Two and Embodiment One is that, as shown in Figure 6 In the embodiment, a flexible blocking piece 10 cooperating with the secondary lining is fixedly connected to the support frame 1, the flexible blocking piece 10 can be made of flexible materials such as rubber, the flexible blocking piece 10 is located between the support frame 1 and the secondary lining, and the space between the secondary lining and the support frame 1 is stably sealed by the flexible blocking piece 10, which cooperates with the wind shielding effect of the stainless steel baffle 7 to make the wind shielding effect of the entire wind shielding device good, effectively ensuring the quality of ventilation.

[0049] The above only is the embodiment of the present application, and the well-known specific technical solutions and / or common knowledge in the scheme are not described in detail. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solutions of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application, and these will not affect the effect and practicality of the present application. The protection scope claimed in the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like recorded in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A windbreak device for tunnel construction, characterized in that: The device includes a support frame with several ventilation holes and a ventilation section that avoids the ventilation holes. A windbreak section for shielding the ventilation section is detachably connected to the support frame. The ventilation section includes several ventilation holes on the support frame. The windbreak section includes one-way ventilation components in equal numbers to the number of ventilation holes. The top of the one-way ventilation components is rotatably connected to one end of the support frame away from the working face.

2. The windbreak device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame includes a bottom support beam, a vertical support beam, and layered support beams. The vertical support beams are fixedly connected to the bottom support beam. There are multiple layered support beams, and these multiple layered support beams are divided into at least two groups of support beams. All the layered support beams in each group of support beams form a support platform along the length of the tunnel.

3. A windbreak device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A supporting steel mesh is fixedly connected to the supporting platform.

4. A windbreak device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first reinforcing beam is fixedly connected between the layered support beam and the vertical support beam, and a second reinforcing beam is fixedly connected between the bottom support beam and the vertical support beam.

5. A windbreak device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is provided with a walking passage, and one end of the support frame with a windproof part is connected to an openable door that cooperates with the walking passage.

6. A windbreak device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flexible blocking element that cooperates with the secondary lining is fixedly connected to the support frame, and the flexible blocking element is located between the secondary lining and the support frame.

7. A windbreak device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way ventilation component includes a stainless steel baffle, the cross-sectional area of ​​which is larger than the ventilation area of ​​the ventilation hole.

8. A windbreak device for tunnel construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness of the stainless steel baffle is greater than or equal to 5 mm.

9. A windbreak device for tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The bottom of the support frame is rotatably connected to a traveling wheel.

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