Buffer device and vehicle
By splitting the buffer device into a base plate and a detachable buffer limiting component, the problem of having to replace the entire device when the buffer component is damaged in the existing technology is solved. This achieves efficient maintenance and component standardization during replacement, and reduces maintenance and material costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520674060.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing buffer devices require the entire device to be replaced when the buffer component is damaged. The disassembly process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in high maintenance costs. Furthermore, the parts are not interchangeable, which increases the workload and cost of maintenance and replacement.
The buffer device is divided into a base plate and a detachable buffer limiter. The base plate is fixedly connected to the axle. Only the buffer limiter needs to be replaced, without disassembling the base plate. The base plate is compatible with different axles to achieve universality of the limiter.
It reduces the workload of disassembling and replacing the buffer device, saves labor and material costs, improves maintenance efficiency, and reduces the types of parts and processing costs by adapting the base plate to different axles.
Smart Images
Figure CN223890738U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a buffer device and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] Non-independent suspension systems (taking leaf springs as an example) are widely used in commercial vehicles (such as trucks and buses). The component directly connected below the leaf spring is the axle (also called the rear axle or drive axle, the specific name depends on the vehicle model). The axle is the core component for load-bearing and force transmission in a vehicle. The leaf spring is rigidly connected to the axle via U-bolts, together forming the load-bearing structure of the non-independent suspension. When the vehicle is fully loaded or travels over bumpy roads, the leaf spring is compressed. To prevent excessive spring compression from causing a rigid collision between the axle and the frame, a buffer device is installed on the leaf spring. The buffer device absorbs the impact energy through its own deformation.
[0003] The current solution uses an integrated buffer device (the bracket and buffer are vulcanized into one piece). The bracket is connected by U-bolts and fixed to the steel leaf spring. This has the following drawbacks: the entire buffer device needs to be replaced after the buffer (rubber) is damaged. Disassembly requires loosening the U-bolts, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and has high maintenance costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a buffer device for use in vehicles. This device breaks down the traditional monolithic structure into a base plate and a buffer limiting component detachably fixed to the base plate. When the buffer limiting component needs replacement, only the buffer limiting component needs to be replaced, without disassembling the base plate. This reduces the workload during disassembly and saves labor costs during maintenance and replacement. Furthermore, by adapting the base plate to different axles, the buffer limiting component becomes universal, reducing the types of parts and saving on component costs.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a buffer device, comprising:
[0006] A base plate, comprising a main body plate abutting against the upper surface of a leaf spring, the main body plate having an mounting area and a fixing area; and
[0007] The buffer limiting component includes a mounting bracket and an elastic element disposed on the upper side of the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is detachably connected to the mounting area, and the fasteners that lock the leaf spring to the axle are connected to the fixing area.
[0008] In one embodiment, the mounting bracket includes a fixed section and two mounting sections extending from opposite ends of the fixed section toward the mounting area, with a clearance space formed between the fixed section and the two mounting sections. The elastic element is disposed on the fixed section, and the mounting sections are detachably connected to the mounting area.
[0009] In one embodiment, the mounting section and the mounting area are connected by bolts.
[0010] In one embodiment, the installation area is provided with a stud for each of the installation segments, and the installation segment is provided with a first bolt through hole. After the installation segment fits the first bolt through hole onto the stud, the installation segment is locked to the installation area by a first nut.
[0011] In one embodiment, the mounting bracket is further provided with a reinforcing structure, which is located in the fixed section and in the clearance space.
[0012] In one embodiment, the elastic element is configured as a rubber element, and the rubber element is vulcanized integrally with the mounting bracket.
[0013] In one embodiment, the fixing area is provided with a second bolt through hole, the fastener is configured as a saddle bolt, the threaded section of the saddle bolt passes through the second bolt through hole, and the saddle bolt is locked in the fixing area by a second nut.
[0014] In one embodiment, multiple second bolt through holes are provided, and the multiple second bolt through holes are distributed around the mounting area.
[0015] In one embodiment, the base plate further includes reinforcing plates extending from opposite ends of the main body plate in a direction away from the leaf spring.
[0016] This utility model also proposes a vehicle, including a buffer device and a non-independent suspension system as described in any of the above embodiments. The non-independent suspension system includes parallel leaf springs and an axle leaf spring and an axle located below them. The mounting bracket is detachably fixed to the mounting area, and the base plate is placed on the leaf springs and fixed to the axle through a fixing area.
[0017] This invention employs a base plate and a buffer limiting component detachably fixed to the base plate. When the buffer limiting component needs replacement, only the buffer limiting component needs to be replaced without disassembling the base plate. In contrast, traditional solutions use U-bolts to fix the buffer limiting component's mounting bracket to the leaf spring, requiring the removal of the U-bolts and the axle connection before the buffer limiting component can be accessed. This solution uses U-bolts to fix the base plate to the axle, making the buffer limiting component independent of the base plate. Therefore, when the buffer limiting component needs replacement, only the buffer limiting component needs to be replaced, without disassembling the base plate and U-bolts, reducing disassembly workload and saving labor costs during maintenance and replacement. Furthermore, the base plate can be adapted to different axles, making the buffer limiting component highly versatile. Compared to traditional structures, material and weight can be reduced, saving on component processing costs. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer device provided by this utility model in the leaf spring and the frame;
[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the buffer device on the side of the leaf spring;
[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the buffer device provided by this utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the separation structure of the intermediate buffer limiting component and the base plate;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the buffer device.
[0024] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0025] 11. Leaf springs; 12. Chassis;
[0026] 3. Buffer device; 31. Base plate; 31a. Mounting area; 31b. Fixing area;
[0027] 311. Main body plate; 311a. Connecting part; 311b. Second bolt through hole; 311c. Fixing part; 311d. Stud;
[0028] 312. Reinforcing plate;
[0029] 32. Buffer limiting component; 32a. Mounting bracket; 32a1. Fixing section; 32a2. Mounting section; 32a3. Clearance space; 32a4. Reinforcing structure; 32a5. Mounting part; 32a6. First bolt through hole; 32b. Elastic component;
[0030] 33. Fasteners.
[0031] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0033] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0034] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0035] Non-independent suspension systems (taking leaf springs as an example) are widely used in commercial vehicles (such as trucks and buses). The component directly connected below the leaf spring is the axle (also called the rear axle or drive axle, the specific name depends on the vehicle model). The axle is the core component for vehicle load-bearing and force transmission. The leaf spring is rigidly connected to the axle through U-bolts, together forming the load-bearing structure of the non-independent suspension.
[0036] When a vehicle is fully loaded or travels on a bumpy road, the leaf springs are compressed. To prevent excessive compression of the springs from causing a rigid collision between the axle and the frame, a buffer device is installed on the leaf springs. The buffer device absorbs the impact energy through its own deformation.
[0037] The current solution uses an integrated buffer device (the bracket and buffer components are vulcanized into one piece). The bracket is connected and fixed to the steel leaf spring (leaf spring) by U-bolts, which has the following drawbacks:
[0038] When the buffer (rubber) component is damaged, the entire buffer device needs to be replaced. Disassembly requires loosening the U-bolts, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and has high maintenance costs.
[0039] This solution proposes a split-type buffer device, which breaks down the traditional integral structure into a base plate and a buffer limiting component that can be detachably fixed to the base plate. When the buffer limiting component needs to be replaced, only the buffer limiting component needs to be replaced, without disassembling the base plate; this reduces the workload during disassembly and saves labor costs during maintenance and replacement. By adapting the base plate to different axles, the buffer limiting component is universal, reducing the types of parts and saving on parts costs.
[0040] Please see Figures 1 to 5 In one embodiment of this utility model, the buffer device 3 includes a base plate 31 and a buffer limiting member 32 detachably fixed to the base plate 31. The base plate 31 is used to fix the non-independent suspension. The non-independent suspension includes parallel leaf springs 11 and an axle (not shown in the figure) located below them. The leaf springs 11 are connected to the frame 12. The plate body of the base plate 31 includes a mounting area 31a and a fixing area 31b (see figure). Figure 5 (Middle dashed line), the plate of the base plate 31 is used to place the leaf spring 11.
[0041] Figure 1 In the coordinate system, xyz represents the vehicle coordinate system, with the vertical direction being the Z-axis (up and down).
[0042] Reference Figures 3 to 5 In one embodiment, the buffer limiting member 32 includes a mounting bracket 32a and an elastic member 32b disposed on the mounting bracket 32a. In this embodiment, the elastic member 32b is a rubber block that plays a buffering role, which is integrally vulcanized with the metal mounting bracket 32a and cannot be separated. Of course, in other embodiments, the elastic member 32b can be fixed to the mounting bracket 32a by bolts or other means. Alternatively, the buffer limiting member 32 can be an integral rubber part; or a spring buffer device 3, etc.
[0043] After the buffer limiting component 32 is assembled on the base plate 31, it forms the buffer device 3.
[0044] The buffer device 3 can be used in commercial vehicles such as trucks, buses, and pickup trucks.
[0045] The base plate 31 is rigidly connected to the spring seat via U-bolts (the spring seat is a structural component on the axle (rear axle / drive axle) specifically designed for mounting and securing the leaf spring 11; its surface typically has grooves or flat surfaces that fit against the bottom surface of the leaf spring 11 and are clamped by U-bolts). Of course, in some designs, the U-bolts can be replaced with hinged bases; or the base plate 31 can be fitted with bolts, which are then inserted through limit seats and tightened with nuts.
[0046] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4Specifically, the base plate 31 includes a main plate 311 and reinforcing plates 312 extending from opposite ends of the main plate 311 in a direction away from the leaf spring 11. The mounting area 31a and the fixing area 31b are both located on the main plate 311. The base plate 31 is made of steel, but can also be made of aluminum alloy or other metals.
[0047] The reinforcing plate 312 is formed by rolling or stamping from both sides of the base plate 31. The main plate 311 is rectangular, and the reinforcing plate 312 is warped (bent) away from the leaf spring 11. The bending angle between the reinforcing plate 312 and the main plate 311 is 90°-120°, and the height is 10-30mm; for example, bending angles of 100°, 105°, -115°, etc., and a height of 20mm. The reinforcing plate 312 and the main plate 311 enhance the rigidity of the base plate 31 and also protect the installation area 31a and the fixing area 31b.
[0048] Specifically, the reinforcing plate 312 is the same thickness as the main plate 311 or 10% thicker, and the thickness of the main plate 311 is 4mm-10mm.
[0049] Reference Figures 3 to 5 Specifically, the main body plate 311 is provided with a connecting part 311a, which is fixed to the axle by fasteners 33.
[0050] In one embodiment, the connecting portion 311a is configured as second bolt through holes 311b located in the four corner areas of the base plate 31. The four second bolt through holes 311b define the fixing area 31b, and the mounting area 31a is located within the fixing area 31b. The second bolt through holes 311b are formed by stamping at the four corners of the base plate 31. The four second bolt through holes 311b can be selectively installed. For example, when the fastener 33 is a U-bolt (also known as a saddle bolt), one U-bolt can be used to install two diagonally opposite second bolt through holes 311b; alternatively, two U-bolts can be installed in parallel in the four second bolt through holes 311b.
[0051] In this embodiment, to facilitate disassembly, the U-bolt is inserted from bottom to top into the second bolt through hole 311b (the width of which is adapted to the size of the axle spring seat), with an embedded nylon wear-resistant bushing, and is fixed by a nut locking device. After the nut is locked, it is fixed on the base plate 31. In this way, the base plate 31 can also act as a gasket, and disassembly is more convenient. Compared with the traditional solution of pressing with the bent part of the U-bolt, this solution is easier to disassemble, reduces the workload during disassembly, and saves labor costs during maintenance and replacement.
[0052] In other embodiments, the U-bolt is inserted into the second bolt through-hole 311b from top to bottom. At this time, the reinforcing plates 312 at both ends of the main body plate 311 can play a limiting role to prevent the U-bolt from disengaging. That is, in this solution, the U-bolt can be inserted into the second bolt through-hole 311b from top to bottom, or the U-bolt can also be inserted into the second bolt through-hole 311b from bottom to top.
[0053] Regarding the buffer limiting member 32.
[0054] Refer to Figure 4 , specifically, the mounting bracket 32a includes a fixed section 32a1 and two mounting sections 32a2 provided at opposite ends of the fixed section 32a1. The fixed section 32a1 is higher than the surface of the main body plate 311. A让位 space 32a3 is formed between the fixed section 32a1 and the mounting section 32a2. The elastic member 32b is provided on the fixed section 32a1, and the mounting section 32a2 is detachably connected to the main body plate 311.
[0055] The mounting bracket 32a is arranged in a "U" shape. The mounting sections 32a2 are the bent sides on both sides of the "U", and the fixed section 32a1 is the horizontal side of the "U". Usually, the leaf spring 11 is composed of multiple leaf springs stacked together with a locking member in the middle. A让位 hole is also provided on the main body plate 311 corresponding to the locking member. The "U" shape of the mounting bracket 32a can also improve the buffer effect to a certain extent. The让位 space 32a3 enables the mounting bracket 32a to have a deformation space, thereby improving the ability to absorb impact energy through deformation.
[0056] Specifically, in order to improve the structural strength of the mounting bracket 32a arranged in a "U" shape, the mounting bracket 32a further has a strengthening structure 32a4. The strengthening structure 32a4 is configured with a strengthening member fixed to the fixed section 32a1 and located in the让位 space 32a3. The strengthening structure 32a4 can also be formed by bending the bottom plate 31; of course, the strengthening member can be welded to the fixed section 32a1 and the two mounting sections 32a2 to form a cavity between them. This can not only improve the structural strength but also absorb impact energy and improve the buffer effect.
[0057] Specifically, the elastic member 32b is configured as a rubber member, and the rubber member is vulcanized with the mounting bracket 32a as a whole. The difference in appearance between the buffer limiting member 32 and the traditional buffer device 3 is that the traditional buffer device 3 is fixed to the leaf spring 11 through a "U" shaped bracket by bolts, and the traditional buffer device 3 is an integral part, so it is difficult to disassemble. In this solution, the bottom plate 31 is used to fix to the leaf spring 11, and the size of the mounting bracket 32a of the buffer limiting member 32 is reduced, the weight is reduced, and the disassembly is more convenient.
[0058] In other solutions, the elastic member 32b can be made of polyurethane material or other materials that can achieve a buffer effect.
[0059] Regarding the connection between the mounting bracket 32a and the base plate 31.
[0060] Reference Figure 5 The main body plate 311 is provided with a plurality of fixing parts 311c, and the plurality of fixing parts 311c define the mounting area 31a. The mounting section 32a2 is provided with mounting parts 32a5 corresponding to the number of fixing parts 311c. The mounting parts 32a5 and the fixing parts 311c are fastened by fasteners 33, or the mounting parts 32a5 and the fixing parts 311c are pre-positioned by snap-fitting and then fastened by fasteners 33.
[0061] In one embodiment, the fixing part 311c is a pre-set fixing hole in the base plate 31, and the mounting part 32a5 is an opening mounting hole corresponding to the mounting bracket 32a. The two are fastened together by bolts.
[0062] In another embodiment, the fixing part 311c is configured as a stud 311d, and the mounting part 32a5 is configured as a first bolt through hole 32a6, or the mounting part 32a5 is configured as a stud 311d, the fixing part 311c is configured as a first bolt through hole 32a6, and the stud 311d passes through the first bolt through hole 32a6 and is fastened by a nut.
[0063] Alternatively, the fixing part 311c can be a slot or dovetail groove, and the mounting part 32a5 can be a mounting bracket 32a with an integrated elastic claw at the end, which self-locks after pressing and can be combined with a limit pin to prevent lateral displacement. Alternatively, the fixing part 311c can be a base plate 31 with an integrated T-slot or linear guide, and the mounting part 32a5 can be a mounting bracket 32a with a matching slider at the bottom, fixed in position by locking bolts, etc.
[0064] Reference Figure 1 This utility model also proposes a vehicle, which includes a buffer device 3, a leaf spring 11, and an axle. The specific structure of the buffer device 3 is as described in the above embodiments. Since this vehicle adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.
[0065] The axle bears the weight of the vehicle, transmits driving force, runs laterally through the bottom of the vehicle, and connects the left and right wheels.
[0066] The leaf spring 11, as an elastic element of the non-independent suspension, supports the weight of the vehicle body and buffers road impacts. It is located between the axle and the frame 12 and is fixed to the spring seat of the axle by U-bolts.
[0067] The buffer device 3 limits the suspension travel, prevents rigid collision between the axle and the frame 12, absorbs extreme impact energy, and is installed above the leaf spring 11 and below the frame 12.
[0068] One installation method is that after the buffer limiting member 32 is detachably fixed to the installation area 31a of the base plate 31, the base plate 31 is placed on the leaf spring 11, and the U-bolt passes through the base plate 31 and the leaf spring 11 from the bottom or from the top and is fixed to the axle.
[0069] One installation method involves placing the base plate 31 on the leaf spring 11, inserting U-bolts through the base plate 31 and leaf spring 11 from below or above and fixing them to the axle, and then fixing the buffer limiter 32 on the mounting area 31a of the base plate 31.
[0070] When the vehicle travels over a bumpy road, the axle moves upward, compressing the leaf spring 11. The rubber block of the buffer device 3 contacts the frame 12, absorbing impact energy through deformation. After the wheel drops, the leaf spring 11 rebounds, and the rubber block of the buffer device 3 returns to its original shape, disengaging from the frame 12. By using a base plate 31 and a buffer limiting member 32 detachably fixed to the base plate 31, when the buffer limiting member 32 needs to be replaced, only the buffer limiting member 32 needs to be replaced, without disassembling the base plate 31; this reduces the workload during disassembly and saves labor costs during maintenance and replacement. The base plate 31 is adaptable to different axles, and the buffer limiting member 32 is universal, reducing the types of parts and saving on parts costs.
[0071] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A buffer device for a non-independent suspension system, the non-independent suspension system comprising a leaf spring and an axle located below the leaf spring, characterized in that, The buffer device includes: A base plate, comprising a main body plate abutting against the upper surface of a leaf spring, the main body plate having an mounting area and a fixing area; and The buffer limiting component includes a mounting bracket and an elastic element disposed on the upper side of the mounting bracket. The mounting bracket is detachably connected to the mounting area, and the fasteners that lock the leaf spring to the axle are connected to the fixing area.
2. The buffer device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket includes a fixed section and two mounting sections extending from opposite ends of the fixed section toward the mounting area, with a clearance space between the fixed section and the two mounting sections. The elastic element is disposed on the fixed section, and the mounting sections are detachably connected to the mounting area.
3. The buffer device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting section and the mounting area are connected by bolts.
4. The buffer device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Each mounting section in the mounting area is provided with a stud, and each mounting section is provided with a first bolt through hole. After the first bolt through hole is fitted onto the stud, the mounting section is locked to the mounting area by a first nut.
5. The buffer device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting bracket is further provided with a reinforcing structure, which is located in the fixed section and in the clearance space.
6. The buffer device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is configured as a rubber element, and the rubber element is vulcanized integrally with the mounting bracket.
7. The buffer device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing area is provided with a second bolt through hole, and the fastener is configured as a saddle bolt. The threaded section of the saddle bolt passes through the second bolt through hole, and the saddle bolt is locked in the fixing area by a second nut.
8. The buffer device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The second bolt through-hole is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple second bolt through-holes are distributed around the installation area.
9. The buffer device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The base plate also includes reinforcing plates extending from opposite ends of the main plate in a direction away from the leaf spring.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the buffer device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.