Current and voltage anomaly detection circuit
By adding a current detection module and a voltage detection module to the board under test and electrically connecting them to the analog-to-digital converter of the baseboard controller on the motherboard, the problem of poor identification of server circuit anomalies is solved, and real-time monitoring and timely protection of cross-board power consumption are realized.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202620017648.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2036-01-08
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the identification of circuit anomalies in servers is poor, making it impossible to detect and take protective measures in a timely manner, which can lead to PCB burnout or damage to components on the board.
A current detection module and a voltage detection module are added to the board under test and electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter of the baseboard controller on the motherboard to realize real-time monitoring of the current and voltage between the board and the motherboard, and execute a shutdown command in case of abnormality.
It enables real-time monitoring of cross-board power consumption, timely identification of circuit anomalies, avoids PCB burnout and damage to components on the board, and improves the identification effect of circuit anomalies.
Smart Images
Figure CN223897852U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The embodiment of the utility model discloses computer field, specifically, relate to a current voltage abnormality detection circuit. BACKGROUND
[0002] In modern server architecture, multiple functional modules are connected and communicated through printed circuit board (PCB), forming a complex and highly integrated system. The traditional server monitoring system mainly relies on monitoring the voltage and current of the power bus, and the response to abnormal conditions relies on manual inspection or periodic detection. The voltage range of the multimeter or the total power consumption of the system at the power source is read. Due to the lack of accurate monitoring of the internal current of the circuit, it is impossible to provide the power consumption details of each functional module or PCB, and the identification effect of the circuit abnormality is poor.
[0003] That is, the prior art has the technical problem of poor identification effect of circuit abnormality. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0004] The embodiment of the utility model discloses a current voltage abnormality detection circuit to at least solve the technical problem of poor identification effect of circuit abnormality in the prior art.
[0005] According to one embodiment of the utility model, a current voltage abnormality detection circuit is provided, comprising: a current detection module, a voltage detection module, a mainboard and a to-be-detected board card, the current detection module and the voltage detection module on the to-be-detected board card are electrically connected with the analog-to-digital converter of the baseboard controller on the mainboard.
[0006] Optionally, as an optional embodiment, the to-be-detected board card and the mainboard are connected through a cross-plate, and the current detection module and the voltage detection module are installed on the cross-plate of the to-be-detected board card.
[0007] Optionally, as an optional embodiment, the current detection module comprises a current detection amplifier and a shunt resistor, and the current detection amplifier is used to read and amplify the voltage difference generated across the shunt resistor to obtain the current value of the to-be-detected board card.
[0008] Optionally, as an optional embodiment, the voltage detection module comprises a window voltage detector, and the window voltage detector is used to detect the voltage abnormality based on the set voltage threshold.
[0009] Optionally, as an optional embodiment, the voltage detection module comprises a voltage comparison module, which is used to compare the real-time collected voltage value with the voltage threshold to determine the voltage abnormality.
[0010] Optionally, as an optional embodiment, the analog-to-digital converter of the substrate controller is configured to receive and process the voltage signal and the current signal sent by the voltage detection module and the current detection module, and the substrate controller determines to execute the shutdown instruction according to the voltage signal and the current signal.
[0011] Optionally, as an optional embodiment, the analog-to-digital converter processes the current signal to obtain a current value when the voltage value obtained by processing the voltage signal is greater than a high voltage threshold or less than a low voltage threshold.
[0012] Optionally, as an optional embodiment, the voltage detection module stops detecting the voltage of the to-be-detected board card in response to a voltage detection stop instruction when the current value is less than or equal to a preset current threshold.
[0013] Optionally, as an optional embodiment, the substrate controller executes the shutdown instruction when the current value is greater than the preset current threshold and the voltage value is greater than the high voltage threshold or less than the low voltage threshold.
[0014] Optionally, as an optional embodiment, the current detection amplifier on the current detection module measures the current value of the to-be-detected board card in real time, and obtains the power consumption of the to-be-detected board card based on the current value.
[0015] The utility model discloses, through adding current detection module and voltage detection module on the to-be-detected board card, and with the analog-to-digital converter of the substrate controller on the mainboard electricity is connected, can directly and quickly monitor the current condition between the cross board and the mainboard, can effectively solve the technical problem that the server cross board connection port in the prior art cannot detect in time and take protective measures when voltage and current are abnormal, improve the identification effect to the circuit abnormality, through the combination with the analog-to-digital converter of the substrate controller, not only realize real-time monitoring to the cross board power consumption, but also can read the current state by the substrate controller when voltage is abnormal, judge the abnormal degree of system, when voltage continuously abnormal reaches serious setting value, the substrate controller can execute immediate shutdown instruction, thereby avoiding PCB burning, board parts damage and other serious consequences. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model, the following will be briefly introduced the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment, obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the utility model, for those skilled in the art, under the premise of not paying creative labor, still can obtain other drawings according to these drawings.
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a current voltage abnormality detection circuit provided by the embodiments of the utility model is shown in the following figure.
[0018] Figure 2An abnormality detection flow chart of the current voltage abnormality detection circuit is provided for the embodiment of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of the current voltage abnormality detection circuit is provided for the embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
[0021] It should be noted that, in the description of the utility model, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. The terms "first", "second" and the like in the utility model are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.
[0022] The embodiment of the utility model provides a current voltage abnormality detection circuit, and the contents involved in the utility model are explained here:
[0023] PCB: Printed Circuit Board, printed circuit board.
[0024] GPU: Graphics Processing Unit, graphics processor.
[0025] BMC: Baseboard Management Controller, baseboard management controller.
[0026] ADC: Analog-to-Digital Converter, analog-to-digital converter.
[0027] HSC: High Speed Controller, high speed controller.
[0028] CSOUT: Current Sense Output, current detection output.
[0029] P12V: represents Power 12 Volts, 12-volt power supply.
[0030] AUX: auxiliary, additional, in circuit design, usually refers to additional or auxiliary power supply, signal or control path.
[0031] MOSFET: metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, used as a switching element to control current in the circuit.
[0032] N-MOSFET: N-type metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.
[0033] As an optional embodiment, the current and voltage abnormality detection circuit described above includes a current detection module, a voltage detection module, a mainboard and a to-be-detected board card, and the current detection module and the voltage detection module on the to-be-detected board card are electrically connected with an analog-to-digital converter of a baseboard controller on the mainboard. For example Figure 1 In the mainboard 102 and the to-be-detected board card one 104 and the to-be-detected board card two 116 are interconnected by a crossboard, Figure 1 In the mainboard 102 and the two to-be-detected board cards (the to-be-detected board card one 104 and the to-be-detected board card two 116), the crossboard power + signal interface (female) on the mainboard 102, the crossboard power + signal interface gold finger (male) on the left to-be-detected board card one 104, the current detection module one 110 and the voltage detection module one 112 on the to-be-detected board card one 104 are connected with the analog-to-digital converter one 108 (such as ADC) of the baseboard controller 106 (such as BMC) on the mainboard 102. Similarly, the crossboard power + signal interface gold finger (male) on the right to-be-detected board card two 116, the current detection module two 118 and the voltage detection module two 120 on the to-be-detected board card two 116 are connected with the analog-to-digital converter two 114 (such as ADC) of the baseboard controller 106 (such as BMC) on the mainboard 102.
[0034] Optionally, the current detection module includes INA x180 series chips for monitoring current changes in the circuit, and a current sense amplifier is installed in the power supply line of the to-be-detected board card (such as a GPU board), and the actual current value is calculated by measuring the voltage difference on the shunt resistor.
[0035] Optionally, the voltage detection module includes TPS3700 series chips, and a window voltage detector is installed at the key power input point of the to-be-detected board card, and high voltage and low voltage thresholds are set. When the detected voltage deviates from the normal range, the module will send a signal to prompt the system of the possible abnormal state.
[0036] Optionally, the mainboard is a core circuit board in a server, carrying a central processing unit, memory and other key components; the to-be-detected board card is another circuit board in the server for a specific function, such as the GPU board mentioned above. The mainboard and the to-be-detected board card are physically connected through a high-speed connector to realize signal and power transmission. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) converts an analog signal into a digital signal, enabling the BMC to understand and process information from the current and voltage detection modules.
[0037] By adding the current detection module and the voltage detection module on the to-be-detected board card and electrically connecting them with the analog-to-digital converter of the baseboard controller on the mainboard, the current condition between the cross-board and the mainboard can be directly and quickly monitored, effectively solving the technical problem that the server cross-board connection port cannot be timely detected and protective measures cannot be taken when the voltage and current are abnormal in the prior art. By combining with the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the baseboard controller, not only real-time monitoring of cross-board power consumption is realized, but also when the voltage is abnormal, the baseboard controller can read the current state to judge the abnormality degree of the system. When the voltage continuously abnormally reaches a serious set value, the baseboard controller can execute an immediate shutdown instruction, thereby avoiding serious consequences such as PCB burning and on-board component damage.
[0038] As an optional embodiment, the to-be-detected board card and the mainboard are connected through a cross-board, and the current detection module and the voltage detection module are installed on the cross-board of the to-be-detected board card.
[0039] Optionally, the type and quantity of the to-be-detected board card, such as a GPU board, a storage board, etc., are determined, a connector is arranged on the cross-board of the to-be-detected board card for physical connection with the BMC of the mainboard, the output signal lines of the current detection module and the voltage detection module are connected to the connector to ensure the stability and accuracy of signal transmission, and the current detection module and the voltage detection module can also be connected to the power input end of the cross-board, a BMC chip is configured on the mainboard, and it is ensured that the ADC interface of the BMC chip can receive and analyze signals from the to-be-detected board card.
[0040] By using the utility model embodiment, the voltage state between the board cards can be monitored in real time. Once it is detected that the voltage is higher or lower than the set threshold value, the system will trigger the current detection module to read the current state, and then the BMC will record the abnormal voltage and current data, issue an alarm and record a log. If the voltage continuously abnormally reaches a serious set value, the BMC will execute a system direct current power-off instruction to avoid irreversible events such as PCB burning or on-board component damage. By using the current detection module such as INAx180 in combination with the voltage detection module such as TPS3700, the dynamic power consumption waveform and peak current of each board card can be accurately interpreted, providing data support for whole-machine power consumption regulation and energy saving.
[0041] As an optional embodiment, the current detection module includes a current detection amplifier and a shunt resistor, and the current detection amplifier is used to read and amplify the voltage difference generated across the shunt resistor to obtain the current value of the board card to be detected.
[0042] Optionally, the shunt resistor is a small resistance artificially inserted in the circuit to generate a measurable voltage drop from the current. It should be noted that a suitable resistance value should be selected to ensure that the generated voltage drop is small enough not to significantly affect the working performance of the circuit, and at the same time, it is sufficient to be detected by the current detection amplifier. The shunt resistor is usually placed in the power supply circuit of the board card, and is usually placed at a key point on the current path, such as near the power input port, so as to accurately measure the current consumption of the entire board card.
[0043] A suitable current detection amplifier, such as INAx180 series, is selected to ensure that its performance meets the requirements of current monitoring, including but not limited to high precision, low offset voltage, wide dynamic range and good temperature stability. The input end of the amplifier is connected to the two ends of the shunt resistor to read the voltage difference, and the output end is connected to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to convert the amplified voltage signal into a digital signal for subsequent data processing and analysis.
[0044] By using the embodiment of the utility model, through accurate current monitoring, the power consumption of the cross-board connection can be fed back in real time, and timely response of the system in an abnormal state is ensured.
[0045] As an optional embodiment, the voltage detection module includes a window voltage detector, and the window voltage detector is used to detect voltage abnormality based on a set voltage threshold.
[0046] Optionally, the window voltage detector is a special integrated circuit (IC) that can simultaneously detect whether the voltage is lower than or higher than two preset threshold values. The window voltage detector continuously monitors the voltage source connected to its input end. When the voltage rises above the high voltage threshold or falls below the low voltage threshold, the detector will respond immediately, indicating that the voltage is out of the safe range, and an alarm signal will be generated, which will be sent to the BMC or other control units of the system to trigger further processing procedures, such as log recording, user alarm, system protection action, etc.
[0047] It should be noted that the composition and working principle of the voltage detection module can be adjusted appropriately to adapt to the voltage monitoring requirements in different application scenarios. For example, different models of window voltage detectors can be selected to adjust the voltage range and precision of monitoring to meet the requirements of specific server architectures or working environments.
[0048] The utility model discloses a server power supply input end integrated window voltage detector through the cross board connection of server, can real -time monitoring and judge whether cross board voltage exceeds the high voltage or low voltage threshold value of predetermining, when voltage abnormal condition is detected, the system will immediately respond, and the current state is read and analyzed to the current monitoring circuit, and then corresponding protection measures are executed by BMC chip, such as recording voltage state, sending alarm signal and executing system power -off instruction when necessary, effectively avoid the major breakdown such as PCB burning or on -board part damage caused by voltage abnormality.
[0049] As an optional embodiment, the voltage detection module includes a voltage comparison module for comparing the real-time collected voltage value with the voltage threshold value to determine the voltage abnormal condition.
[0050] Optionally, a voltage comparator circuit is integrated in the voltage detection module, which can be realized by installing an analog comparator chip such as LM393 or a digital comparator chip.
[0051] According to the utility model embodiment, the voltage detection module further integrates the voltage comparison module for real-time collection of voltage values and comparison with the preset voltage threshold value, thereby accurately identifying the voltage abnormal condition, so that the system can quickly respond to voltage fluctuations, and the voltage comparison module can immediately trigger an abnormal alarm when the monitored voltage value exceeds the set threshold range.
[0052] As an optional embodiment, the analog-to-digital converter of the baseboard controller is used to receive and process the voltage signals and current signals sent by the voltage detection module and the current detection module, and the baseboard controller determines to execute the shutdown instruction according to the voltage signals and current signals.
[0053] Optionally, an analog-to-digital converter ADC input interface is designed on the BMC chip to ensure that the output signals of the voltage detection module and the current detection module can be smoothly accessed. After receiving the analog signals, the ADC will convert them into digital signals. The BMC regularly receives voltage and current data from the ADC, compares them with the preset threshold value, detects whether there is an abnormality, and if the voltage or current abnormality is continuously monitored and the abnormal state lasts to the preset serious level, the BMC will send a shutdown instruction to the power management unit of the server according to the preset shutdown decision process, trigger the system shutdown, so as to avoid further hardware damage.
[0054] As shown in the flow Figure 2 chart, first, enable the voltage threshold detection circuit in S202. In S204, detect whether the cross board voltage threshold is triggered. If not, keep monitoring the cross board voltage in S204-1. If triggered (the voltage level is higher or lower than the set threshold value), read and record the current monitoring circuit reading value in S206.
[0055] Further execution S208, determine whether the voltage and current are both exceed the threshold set value? If exceed, then execute S208-1, execute system DC power off (Turn off system DC power), to avoid the occurrence of irreversible events. Otherwise execute S208-2, close the voltage threshold detection circuit.
[0056] Finally into S210, the repair error (Fix bug) segment. Can also be in the case of voltage and current whether exceed the set threshold value at the same time to close the voltage threshold detection circuit and system DC power off.
[0057] The circuit diagram of the monitoring circuit is shown in Figure 3 , including over-current detection, fault handling and fault state output function.
[0058] Over-current detection (Over-Current Detection): the core of over-current detection is U10, built-in TPS3700 chip. Input signal: the INA+(Pin 3) and INB-(Pin 4) of the chip are differential input pins. They are connected to the high-speed controller auxiliary current detection output 12-volt power supply rail HSC-CSOUT-P12V-AUX (through the voltage division network of resistors R1240 / R1241).
[0059] Current threshold: the voltage difference between the current positive input INA+ and the current negative input INB- signal represents the current flowing through the load.
[0060] Set two over-current thresholds: high threshold HIGH OC: 58.9A and low threshold LOW OC: 38.4A. The U10 internally compares the voltage difference of the input signal with the preset threshold. When the current exceeds this threshold, it indicates that an over-current event has occurred.
[0061] Fault handling (MOSFET turn off): when U10 detects over-current, it will trigger the output signal to turn off or turn on Q28 (a MOSFET).
[0062] Over-current protection signal (OCP signal) output: when over-current occurs, U10's OUTA(Pin 1) or OUTB(Pin 6) will be activated (pulled low or high, depending on the configuration of TPS3700, low current threshold 38.4A, high current threshold 58.9A).
[0063] When the advanced safety control low gate signal A_HSC_LOW_GATE signal is pulled low by U10, it indicates that the current of INA+ is lower than 38.4A, and pin 4 of U116 will output a low signal to trigger the over-current signal.
[0064] There is also a separate fault detection and indication logic in the Fault Status Output circuit, using U116. Fault enable input: Q27 (a N-MOSFET) is controlled by the fault management overcurrent detection enable inverted signal FM_OC_DETECT_EN_N.
[0065] The A signal IRO_OC_DETECT_N overcurrent detection output inverted of pin 2 of U116 is the inverse logic of the Y signal of pin 4. When the A signal is high, the Y signal outputs low.
[0066] The circuit is a high-precision current comparison (using U10) and extremely fast hardware execution (using Q28) combined to achieve a highly efficient and reliable overcurrent protection scheme, and provides additional protection voltage clamping through Q44 (which can be designed as a MOSFET or N-MOSFET) and finally provides a logical feedback of the system state through U116.
[0067] According to the signal, it is judged whether the shutdown instruction needs to be executed, the voltage abnormality can be discovered and responded to in time, system damage caused by excessively high or low voltage is prevented, and through accurate monitoring of the current, the power consumption state of system operation can be more carefully mastered.
[0068] As an optional embodiment, in a case where the voltage value obtained by processing the voltage signal exceeds the high voltage threshold or is less than the low voltage threshold, the analog-to-digital converter processes the current signal to obtain a current value.
[0069] Optionally, the output end of the INAx180 chip is connected to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), the ADC converts the voltage signal into a digital signal, facilitating data processing by the BMC, and a software algorithm in the BMC processes these digital signals to calculate the real current value and track the fluctuation of the current over time, forming a dynamic power consumption waveform.
[0070] It should be noted that, since the INAx180 can quickly respond to changes in current, it can capture the waveform of the change in current over time in real time, thereby obtaining dynamic power consumption information, and through analysis of the waveform, the peak current and its corresponding time point can be identified.
[0071] As an optional embodiment, in a case where the current value is less than or equal to a preset current threshold, the voltage detection module receives and responds to a voltage detection stop instruction to stop detecting the voltage of the to-be-detected board card.
[0072] The BMC continuously monitors the current value converted by the ADC, and if the monitored current value is continuously lower than or equal to a preset current threshold, the current voltage state is considered stable, and no further voltage detection is needed.
[0073] When the current value is less than or equal to the preset current threshold, the voltage detection module in the system responds to the voltage detection stop instruction and automatically stops detecting the voltage of the cross-board connection port, thereby reducing unnecessary power consumption.
[0074] As an optional embodiment, when the current value is greater than the preset current threshold, and the voltage value is greater than the high voltage threshold or less than the low voltage threshold, the baseboard controller executes a shutdown instruction.
[0075] Optionally, when the monitored current value exceeds the preset current threshold, and the voltage value is greater than the high voltage threshold or less than the low voltage threshold, it is determined that the board card circuit is in an abnormal state, the BMC sends a shutdown instruction to the power management unit through a communication interface with other control modules of the server, and the power management unit receives the shutdown instruction and performs a power-off operation to prevent possible hardware damage or system failure.
[0076] The dual-threshold abnormality detection and rapid response mechanism of the embodiment of the utility model can quickly execute a shutdown instruction when detecting that the current and voltage are abnormal at the same time, protect the server hardware from damage, and provide detailed abnormal event records for system management and maintenance.
[0077] As an optional embodiment, the current detection amplifier on the current detection module measures the current value of the to-be-detected board card in real time, and obtains the power consumption of the to-be-detected board card based on the current value.
[0078] Optionally, the INAx180 high-precision current detection amplifier is connected to the shunt resistor, the current detection amplifier monitors the voltage difference between the two ends of the shunt resistor and converts it into a signal corresponding to the current value, the ADC performs analog-to-digital conversion on the signal to obtain the actual current value, and further, the dynamic power consumption waveform of the board card can be obtained based on the power consumption calculation formula to identify the transient power consumption peak value and the average power consumption level.
[0079] Through the data provided by the current chip, the dynamic power consumption waveform and the peak current on the PCB can be understood in real time, and protective measures can be taken when necessary.
[0080] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the method according to the above embodiments can be realized by means of software and necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be realized by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better embodiment.
[0081] The current-voltage abnormality detection circuit provided by the utility model is described in detail above. The principle and implementation mode of the utility model are described by applying specific examples in this paper, and the above embodiment description is only applicable to helping understand the method and core idea of the utility model. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the technical field, the utility model can be improved and modified in several ways without departing from the principle of the utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the utility model claims.
Claims
1. A current and voltage anomaly detection circuit, characterized in that, include: The system includes a current detection module, a voltage detection module, a motherboard, and a board under test. The current detection module and the voltage detection module on the board under test are electrically connected to the analog-to-digital converter of the baseboard controller on the motherboard.
2. The current and voltage anomaly detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The board under test is connected to the motherboard via a crossboard, and the current detection module and the voltage detection module are installed on the crossboard of the board under test.
3. The current and voltage anomaly detection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The current detection module comprises a current detection amplifier and a shunt resistor. The current detection amplifier is used to read and amplify the voltage difference generated across the shunt resistor to obtain the current value of the board under test.
4. The current and voltage anomaly detection circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage detection module includes a window voltage detector, which is used to detect abnormal voltage conditions based on a set voltage threshold.
5. The current and voltage anomaly detection circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage detection module includes a voltage comparison module, which is used to compare the real-time collected voltage value with the voltage threshold to determine the voltage anomaly.
6. The current and voltage anomaly detection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analog-to-digital converter of the baseboard controller is used to receive and process the voltage and current signals sent by the voltage detection module and the current detection module, and the baseboard controller determines the power-off command based on the voltage and current signals.
7. The current and voltage anomaly detection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, If the voltage value obtained by processing the voltage signal exceeds the high voltage threshold or is less than the low voltage threshold, the analog-to-digital converter processes the current signal to obtain the current value.
8. The current and voltage anomaly detection circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the current value is less than or equal to a preset current threshold, the voltage detection module receives and responds to a voltage detection stop command to stop detecting the voltage of the board under test.
9. The current and voltage anomaly detection circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the current value is greater than a preset current threshold and the voltage value exceeds the high voltage threshold or is less than the low voltage threshold, the substrate controller executes a shutdown command.
10. The current and voltage anomaly detection circuit according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The current detection amplifier on the current detection module measures the current value of the board under test in real time, and obtains the power consumption of the board under test based on the current value.