Waterproof structure for internal and external corners of tunnel
By employing a buffer layer and waterproof membrane structure at the inside and outside corners of the tunnel, combined with fasteners and rounded corner design, the problem of ensuring the construction quality of the waterproof layer at the inside and outside corners of the tunnel was solved, achieving higher waterproof performance and construction quality.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520844383.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-29
AI Technical Summary
The construction quality of the waterproof layer at the inside and outside corners of the tunnel is difficult to guarantee, posing a risk of leakage. Furthermore, the stress concentration phenomenon is obvious, making it difficult to effectively waterproof.
The structure employs a buffer layer and a waterproof membrane. The waterproof membrane has a triangular notch at the inside corner and a bending seam at the outside corner. It is fixed with fasteners. The waterproof membrane is double-layered at the inside and outside corners and features a curved rounded corner design. It is made of high-density polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride material. The waterproof membrane is smoothly overlapped through heat welding and bending seam design.
It effectively reduces bubbles, wrinkles, or pores at weld joints, improves waterproofing performance at tunnel corners, ensures construction quality, and reduces the risk of leakage.
Smart Images
Figure CN223908228U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a tunnel construction technical field especially relates to a tunnel internal and external corner waterproof structure. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization process and the continuous improvement of traffic infrastructure construction, tunnel engineering plays an increasingly important role in modern transportation network. Whether it is highway tunnel, railway tunnel or subway tunnel, the safety and durability of its structure are directly related to the normal operation of the entire transportation system.
[0003] Internal and external corners are common structures in tunnel engineering. Curved external corners will appear at the intersection of tunnels and various equipment caverns or auxiliary tunnels, and curved internal corners will appear at the intersection of various caverns and back walls. When the tunnel lining of different sizes is connected, the plug wall and the lining of different sizes will form curved internal corner connection and external corner connection. The internal and external corners are the key areas where leakage is prone to occur in tunnels. In these positions, stress concentration phenomenon is obvious, and there are often complex geometric shapes. It is difficult to lap flat at the weld joint between the waterproof layers, and there may be bubbles, wrinkles or pores, which may cause leakage risk in the later period, and the construction quality is difficult to guarantee.
[0004] Therefore, how to further improve the waterproof performance of the internal and external corners of the tunnel and ensure the construction quality has become an important topic to be solved. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0005] The utility model provides a tunnel internal and external corner waterproof structure to solve the defects that the construction quality of the waterproof layer of the internal and external corners of the tunnel in the prior art is difficult to guarantee, which can further improve the waterproof performance of the internal and external corners of the tunnel and ensure the construction quality.
[0006] The utility model provides a tunnel internal and external corner waterproof structure, which is suitable for waterproofing at the internal and external corners of the initial support of the tunnel, and the waterproof structure comprises:
[0007] A buffer layer is spread on the initial support;
[0008] A waterproof plate is spread on the buffer layer, and a plurality of bending lines arranged along the internal corner line or the external corner line are arranged on the waterproof plate;
[0009] At the internal corner of the tunnel, the lap joint edge of the waterproof plate before bending is greater than the welding edge after bending, and the waterproof plate is provided with a triangular notch at the bending line.
[0010] At the external corner of the tunnel, the lap joint edge of the waterproof plate before bending is smaller than the welding edge after bending, and the waterproof plate is provided with a bending seam at the bending line.
[0011] According to the tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, the waterproof plate is arranged as double layers in the preset range of the inside corner and / or the outside corner.
[0012] According to the tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, the inside corner and the outside corner are arranged as curved surface round corners.
[0013] According to the tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, the buffer layer is fixed on the initial support through the fixing part.
[0014] According to the tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, the interval of adjacent fixing parts 22 is less than or equal to 50cm in the arch part of the tunnel, and the interval of adjacent fixing parts 22 is less than or equal to 80cm in the side wall of the tunnel.
[0015] According to the tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, the fixing part comprises:
[0016] The fixing element is provided with a large end at one end and passes through the buffer layer and is located in the initial support at the other end;
[0017] The gasket is arranged between the large end and the buffer layer.
[0018] According to the tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, the gasket is provided with a groove on the side away from the buffer layer, and the large end of the fixing element is crimped in the groove.
[0019] According to the tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, the buffer layer adopts geotextile with unit density not less than 350g / m 2 .
[0020] According to the tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, the thickness of the waterproof plate is 1.5mm.
[0021] According to the tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, the fixing element comprises an expansion bolt.
[0022] The tunnel yin-yang corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model, when laying the waterproof structure, the buffer layer and the waterproof plate are spread on the inner wall of the tunnel in turn, the buffer layer can not only provide protection for the waterproof plate and avoid the uneven surface of the primary support or the sharp object directly contacting the waterproof plate, thereby protecting the waterproof plate from damage, but also can guide and discharge the water seeping into the primary support, reducing the impact of water pressure on the waterproof plate; the waterproof plate can prevent water from seeping into the tunnel and protect the tunnel structure from water damage, the triangular gap at the yin corner can be flat and closed after the waterproof plate is bent, and the bending seam at the yang corner can be unfolded into a triangular gap after the waterproof plate is bent, thereby ensuring that the bent waterproof plate is flat and overlapped, and the waterproof plate can be smoothly welded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.
[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the waterproof plate fixed on the primary support of the tunnel provided by the utility model embodiment.
[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic view of the tunnel yin-yang corner waterproof structure provided by the utility model embodiment.
[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the waterproof plate at the yin corner of the tunnel provided by the utility model embodiment.
[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the waterproof plate at the yang corner of the tunnel provided by the utility model embodiment.
[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic view of the fixing member provided by the utility model embodiment.
[0029] Reference signs:
[0030] 10, primary support; 100, arch part; 101, side wall; 11, yin corner line; 12, yang corner line; 13, waterproof mortar; 20, buffer layer; 21, waterproof plate; 210, gap; 211, bending seam; 22, fixing member; 220, fixing element; 221, gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the utility model below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the utility model, it should be explained that the description of the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the utility model. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms is not necessarily for the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable way. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.
[0033] In order to better understand the tunnel yin and yang corner waterproof structure provided by the embodiments of the utility model, the application background thereof is introduced first. The tunnel is a channel for connecting different areas in the modern traffic network, and the yin and yang corners are common structures in tunnel engineering. For example, the curved yang corner will appear at the intersection of the tunnel and various types of equipment caverns or auxiliary tunnels, the curved yin corner will appear at the intersection of various caverns and back walls, and the curved yin corner connection and yang corner connection will be formed when the tunnel lining large section connects the plug wall and the large lining.
[0034] The yin and yang corner is a key area prone to leakage in the tunnel. In these positions, the stress concentration phenomenon is obvious, and there are often complex geometric shapes. It is difficult to lap flat at the welding joint between the waterproof layers, and there are bubbles, wrinkles or pores, which may have leakage risk in the later period, and the construction quality is difficult to guarantee.
[0035] Therefore, how to further improve the waterproof performance of the yin and yang corner of the tunnel and guarantee the construction quality has become an important topic to be solved at present.
[0036] Based on the above problems, the utility model provides a tunnel yin and yang corner waterproof structure, which can further improve the waterproof performance of the yin and yang corner of the tunnel and guarantee the construction quality.
[0037] The tunnel yin and yang corner waterproof structure of the utility model will be described below in combination with Figures 1-5 The tunnel yin and yang corner waterproof structure of the utility model will be described below in combination with
[0038] Referring to Figures 1 to 5The utility model relates to a tunnel inside and outside corner waterproof structure suitable for the waterproof of the inside and outside corner of tunnel primary support 10, and the waterproof structure includes buffer layer 20 and waterproof board 21, wherein, buffer layer 20 spreads on primary support 10, and waterproof board 21 spreads on buffer layer 20, and waterproof board 21 is equipped with the multiple bending lines of arranging along the inside corner line 11 or the outside corner line 12, in the inside corner of tunnel, the lap joint edge of waterproof board 21 before bending is greater than the welding and pasting edge after bending, and waterproof board 21 is equipped with the triangular gap 210 at the bending part, in the outside corner of tunnel, the lap joint edge of waterproof board 21 before bending is less than the welding and pasting edge after bending, and waterproof board 21 is equipped with the bending seam 211 at the bending part.
[0039] In actual construction process, buffer layer 20 and waterproof board 21 spread on the inner wall of tunnel in turn, buffer layer 20 can provide protection for waterproof board 21, avoid the uneven surface or sharp object of primary support 10 directly contacting waterproof board 21, thereby protecting waterproof board 21 from being damaged, can also guide and discharge the water seeping into primary support 10, reduce the impact of water pressure on waterproof board 21, waterproof board 21 can prevent water from seeping into tunnel, protect the tunnel structure from water damage, the triangular gap 210 at the inside corner can be closed flat after the bending of waterproof board 21, and the bending seam at the outside corner can be unfolded into a triangular gap after the bending of waterproof board 21, so as to ensure that the bent waterproof board 21 is flat and overlapped, and waterproof board 21 can be smoothly welded. Compared with the related art, the bubbles, wrinkles or pores at the welded joint can be effectively reduced, the leakage risk in the later period is reduced, the waterproof performance of the inside and outside corners of the tunnel is further improved, and the construction quality is ensured.
[0040] In an embodiment of the utility model, buffer layer 20 is set between primary support 10 and waterproof board 21, which can adopt geotextile, and the specific specification parameters of geotextile can be configured according to actual construction requirements, in the embodiment, in order to guarantee the buffering, drainage and isolation effects of geotextile, the unit density of geotextile is not less than 350g / m 3 .
[0041] In an embodiment of the utility model, buffer layer 20 is fixedly arranged on primary support 10 through fixing part 22.
[0042] Specifically, the fixing member 22 comprises a fixing element 220 and a gasket 221; one end of the fixing element 220 is formed with a large end, and the other end penetrates through the buffer layer 20 and is located in the primary support 10; the gasket 221 is arranged between the large end and the buffer layer 20. In actual construction, after the buffer layer 20 is spread on the primary support 10, the fixing element 220 penetrates through the buffer layer 20 and is nailed into the primary support 10, and the gasket 221 located between the large end and the buffer layer 20 not only can play a role of isolation and protection, but also can be elastically pressed against the buffer layer 20 under the action of the large end, so as to effectively fix the buffer layer 20 on the primary support 10.
[0043] Specifically, the fixing element 220 can adopt a shot pin or an expansion screw, and when the fixing element 220 adopts the expansion screw, the nut is formed as the large end of the fixing element 220. Relatively speaking, the expansion screw can provide more stable and reliable fixing, thereby improving the stability of the connection of the buffer layer 20 on the primary support 10, so that in the embodiment, the fixing element 220 adopts the expansion screw.
[0044] Specifically, the gasket 221 adopts a thermoplastic gasket 221, which has good elasticity and flexibility, so as to ensure that the gasket 221 can reliably contact the buffer layer 20 under the action of the large end. A groove is formed on the side of the gasket 221 away from the buffer layer 20, and the large end of the fixing element 220 is press-connected in the groove. The groove can provide positioning for the large end of the fixing element 220, thereby improving the stability of the connection.
[0045] In an embodiment of the utility model, the tunnel comprises an arch part 100 and a side wall 101, the spacing between adjacent fixing members 22 is less than or equal to 50 cm in the range of the arch part 100 of the tunnel, and the spacing between adjacent fixing members 22 is less than or equal to 80 cm in the range of the side wall 101 of the tunnel. Specifically, the relatively dense fixing members 22 can make the buffer layer 20 better adapt to the curved surface of the arch part 100, and ensure the flatness and tightness of the geotextile on the arch part 100. In addition, the relatively dense fixing members 22 can provide more connection sites for the waterproof plate 21, ensure the flatness and stability of the connection of the waterproof plate 21 on the arch part 100 of the tunnel, and meet the requirements of waterproofness and structural stability.
[0046] The buffer layer 20 can provide buffering, drainage and isolation effects. After the buffer layer 20 is spread, the waterproof plate 21 is laid. Specifically, the waterproof plate 21 is attached to the side of the gasket 221 away from the buffer layer and connected by heat welding.
[0047] In some optional embodiments, the waterproof plate 21 can be made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and the like, so as to have excellent impermeability and prevent water from leaking into the tunnel.
[0048] In one embodiment of the utility model, in order to reduce stress concentration, improve the effect of waterproof material at the inside and outside corners simultaneously, the inside corner and the outside corner are provided with curved fillets, specifically, the inside corner can be filled with waterproof mortar 13, and the inside corner is made into a curved fillet. The inside corner line 11 is a curved segment at the inside corner, and the outside corner line 12 is a curved segment at the outside corner.
[0049] In one embodiment of the utility model, due to the particularity of the structure, stress concentration is prone to occur at the inside and outside corners, in order to avoid the waterproof plate 21 from cracking at the inside and outside corners, and improve the stability and durability of the waterproof layer, the waterproof plate 21 is provided with double layers within the preset range of the inside corner, and / or the waterproof plate 21 is provided with double layers within the preset range of the outside corner.
[0050] Specifically, the two layers of waterproof plates 21 can be welded together at the inside and outside corners by means of hot air welding, so as to form double layers of waterproof plates 21 at the inside and outside corners.
[0051] Specifically, the waterproof plate 21 is provided with double layers within the range of 1m of the inside and / or outside corner.
[0052] In one embodiment of the utility model, the triangular notch 210 is arranged on the waterproof plate 21 at the inside corner of the tunnel, and the bending seam 211 is arranged on the waterproof plate 21 at the outside corner of the tunnel, so as to ensure that the waterproof plate 21 after bending is overlapped and flat, and the waterproof plate 21 can be smoothly welded. Specifically, the waterproof plate 21 is divided into n segments by the bending seam, at the inside corner of the tunnel, the overlapping edge L before bending of the waterproof plate 21 is greater than the welding edge l after bending, the width of the triangular notch 210 is (L-1) / n, at the outside corner of the tunnel, the overlapping edge l before bending is less than the overlapping edge L after bending, and the width of the bending seam 211 after opening is (L-1) / n.
[0053] In some optional embodiments, the overlapping width between the waterproof plates 21 can be set according to actual construction requirements, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the utility model.
[0054] In one embodiment of the utility model, the specific specification parameters of the waterproof plate 21 can be configured according to actual construction requirements, in the embodiment, in order to ensure the puncture resistance, durability and water resistance of the waterproof plate 21, a waterproof plate 21 with a thickness of 1.5mm is adopted.
[0055] The tunnel yin-yang corner waterproof structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model, when laying the waterproof structure, the buffer layer 20 and the waterproof plate 21 are spread on the inner wall of the tunnel in turn, the buffer layer 20 can provide protection for the waterproof plate 21, avoid the uneven surface of the primary support 10 or the sharp object directly contacting the waterproof plate 21, thereby protecting the waterproof plate 21 from being damaged, and can also guide and discharge the water seeped into the primary support 10, reducing the impact of water pressure on the waterproof plate 21; the waterproof plate 21 can prevent water from seeping into the tunnel, protect the tunnel structure from the influence of water damage, the triangular gap 210 at the yin corner can be flat and closed after the waterproof plate 21 is bent, and the bending seam at the yang corner can be unfolded into the triangular gap 210 after the waterproof plate 21 is bent, thereby ensuring that the bent waterproof plate 21 is overlapped and flat, and the waterproof plate 21 can be smoothly welded. Compared with the related art, the bubbles, wrinkles or pores at the welding joint can be effectively reduced, the leakage risk in the later period is reduced, the waterproof performance of the yin-yang corners of the tunnel is further improved, and the construction quality is ensured.
[0056] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model, and not to limit them; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model.
Claims
1. A waterproof structure for a tunnel inside and outside corner, characterized by, The application relates to a waterproof structure for the inner and outer corners of a tunnel primary support (10), which comprises: a buffer layer (20) arranged on the primary support (10); a waterproof plate (21) arranged on the buffer layer (20), wherein the waterproof plate (21) is provided with a plurality of bending lines arranged along the inner corner line (11) or the outer corner line (12); at the inner corner of the tunnel, the overlap edge of the waterproof plate (21) before bending is larger than the welding edge after bending, and the waterproof plate (21) is provided with a triangular gap (210) at the bending line; at the outer corner of the tunnel, the overlap edge of the waterproof plate (21) before bending is smaller than the welding edge after bending, and the waterproof plate (21) is provided with a bending seam (211) at the bending line.
2. The tunnel rabbet waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waterproof plate (21) is provided with double layers within a preset range of the inner corner and / or the outer corner.
3. The tunnel rabbet waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner corner and the outer corner are provided with curved corners.
4. The tunnel rabbet waterproof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The buffer layer (20) is fixed to the primary support (10) through a fixing member (22).
5. The tunnel rabbet waterproof structure according to claim 4, wherein The interval between adjacent fixing members (22) is less than or equal to 50 cm in the range of the arch (100) of the tunnel, and the interval between adjacent fixing members (22) is less than or equal to 80 cm in the range of the side wall (101) of the tunnel.
6. The tunnel rabbet waterproof structure according to claim 4, wherein The fixing member (22) comprises: a fixing element (220) having a large end at one end and penetrating through the buffer layer (20) and being located in the primary support (10) at the other end; a gasket (221) arranged between the large end and the buffer layer (20).
7. The tunnel rabbet waterproof structure according to claim 6, wherein The gasket (221) is provided with a groove on the side away from the buffer layer (20), and the large end of the fixing element (220) is press-connected in the groove.
8. The tunnel Rabbet waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer layer (20) is made of a geotextile nonwoven fabric having a unit density of not less than 350 g / m 2 .
9. The tunnel Rabbet waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the waterproof plate (21) is 1.5 mm.
10. The tunnel Rabbet waterproof structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fixing element (220) comprises an expansion bolt.