Special gas burner with good energy-saving effect for low-temperature hearth

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special gas burner for a low-temperature hearth, which belongs to the technical field of burner equipment and comprises a barrel, the barrel is fixed with a bottom plate of a heating furnace, a lower brazier brick is arranged in the barrel, a large round hole and a small round hole are arranged at the bottom of the barrel, the large round hole is connected with a fixed disc, an outer gas gun penetrates through the small round hole, and a central gas gun and an incandescent light are mounted on the fixed disc. The outer gas gun, the center gas gun and the main gas pipeline are communicated through a three-way component, the barrel is provided with an air adjusting butterfly valve for controlling combustion-supporting air, and a heat preservation layer is arranged in the barrel. According to the combustor, the concentration of NOx and CO is adjusted through combination of fuel gas classification, flue gas self-circulation and rich-lean combustion technologies, the problems of high CO emission and unstable combustion of a low-temperature hearth are solved, the combustion efficiency and stability are improved, and the combustor is suitable for heating the low-temperature hearth in the industries such as petroleum refining and the like, meets the requirements for environmental protection and energy conservation and has wide application prospects.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to burner equipment technical field, concretely relates to a low temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy -saving effect. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the petroleum refining industry, the hydrogenation device heating furnace is one of the key equipment, and its operation efficiency and environmental protection performance are crucial to the whole production process. With the continuous growth of energy demand and the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, industrial production worldwide is developing towards energy saving, high efficiency and low carbon. As an important part of the energy industry, the energy consumption and emissions of the heating furnace of petroleum refining have attracted widespread attention. In the current market environment, enterprises not only need to meet the growing production demand, but also must meet the strict requirements of the state and society for energy saving and emission reduction. The operating temperature of the furnace of the heating furnace and the pollutant emissions during combustion directly affect the energy utilization efficiency and environmental quality, therefore, the development of new, efficient and environmentally friendly heating furnace burners has become an urgent need for the industry.

[0003] According to market dynamics, the development direction of heating furnace towards energy saving and high efficiency, and the information from all parties, at present, the operating temperature of the furnace of the hydrogenation device heating furnace in the domestic petroleum refining industry is generally lower than 650℃, however, the ignition point of the intermediate product CO is 650℃, so there will be a large amount of unburned CO in the low temperature furnace, which will be discharged into the atmosphere with the flue gas, which is not conducive to the energy saving of the heating furnace. At the same time, high CO content can easily cause pressure fluctuation of the heating furnace, which is not conducive to the stable operation of the heating furnace. At present, the state is continuously improving the requirements for environmental emissions, low carbon economy and energy saving and consumption reduction, and a low NOx and low CO gas burner for low temperature furnace is developed to replace the current burner, which has a broad market prospect. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of low temperature furnace special gas burner with good energy -saving effect, including cylinder, cylinder is hollow cup structure, cylinder is fixed with furnace bottom plate of heating furnace with outer steel plate flange, cylinder top is in furnace bottom plate, and lower fire basin brick is placed on the top plate of cylinder, and upper fire basin brick is arranged above lower fire basin brick;The bottom end plate of the cylinder is provided with a large circular hole, and a small circular hole is provided on the side of the large circular hole, and the bottom large circular hole is connected with a fixed disc by bolts, and a sleeve is welded in the small circular hole, and an external gas gun is arranged to pass through the corresponding small circular hole and sleeve;A center hole and an outer through hole are formed in the bottom end plate of the fixed disc, a center gas gun is fixed in the center hole by welding, a pilot lamp is arranged to pass through the corresponding outer through hole and sleeve, and the remaining outer through holes are provided with ignition holes and observation holes;Three-way component is arranged to connect the external gas gun, the center gas gun and the main gas pipeline of the heating furnace.

[0005] Further, the cyclone is welded on the top of the central gas gun, the combustion-supporting air flowing out of the cyclone is mixed with the fuel gas flowing out of the horizontal hole of the nozzle of the central gas gun, and the stable flame is formed.

[0006] Further, the central gas gun comprises a collecting pipe, eight bent pipes and eight inner nozzles, which are placed in the lower fire basin brick, the central gas gun accounts for 25% of the total fuel, each inner nozzle has one horizontal hole facing the cyclone and two inclined holes facing the lower fire basin brick.

[0007] Further, the outer gas gun comprises an annular gas pocket pipe, eight gas pipes and eight outer nozzles, which are placed on the periphery of the outer circle of the lower fire basin brick, the outer gas gun accounts for 75% of the total fuel, each inner nozzle has three first-stage inclined holes facing the lower fire basin brick and three second-stage inclined holes facing the lower fire basin brick.

[0008] Further, the three-way assembly comprises a three-way pipe, two stop valves and a pressure gauge, and a hose joint, the gas inlet end of the three-way pipe is connected with the main gas pipe line of the heating furnace through welding, the two gas outlets of the three-way pipe are connected with the outer gas gun and the central gas gun through metal hoses respectively, so that the fuel gas is distributed, the stop valves and the pressure gauges are arranged on the metal hoses connected with the outer gas gun and the central gas gun, and the distribution ratio of the central gas gun and the outer gas gun is adjusted through the adjustment of the opening degree of the hand valve.

[0009] Further, the outer wall of the cylinder is made of steel plate, so that the heat of the flame or the preheated air is prevented from being conducted to the outer wall during operation; the side wall of the cylinder is provided with square holes for the combustion-supporting air to enter, the air adjusting butterfly valve is inserted into the square hole and is fixed with the cylinder through welding, the air adjusting handle is arranged on the air adjusting butterfly valve, the opening degree of the valve plate is controlled by rotating the external handle, and thus the combustion-supporting air amount is controlled.

[0010] Further, the tail part of the permanent light is a threaded joint, is connected with the gas pipe of the permanent light through a metal hose, the permanent light always provides a small fire seed when the burner is operated, and ensures that the open fire is kept in the furnace when the burner of the heating furnace is extinguished abnormally.

[0011] Further, the inner walls of the cylinder and the fixing disc are provided with heat preservation layers.

[0012] Further, the outer gas gun is fixedly installed on the bottom end plate of the cylinder through a flange, and the permanent light is fixedly installed on the bottom end plate of the cylinder through a flange.

[0013] Further, the upper fire basin brick is made of refractory castable, is placed on the furnace bottom lining, and is provided with eight square holes in the lower part, so as to facilitate the inflow of flue gas; and the upper part is a necked structure, which is a flame collection section.

[0014] The utility model has the beneficial effects as follows:

[0015] The fuel gas flows through the tee assembly and enters the center gas gun and the outer gas gun respectively, and according to the fuel grading, dense and thin combustion and flue gas internal circulation combustion principle, the 8 inner fuel gas nozzles on the center gas gun bear the fuel flow of about 25% of the total fuel flow, and the fuel flow is fully mixed and combusted with the required high-temperature air in the inner cavity of the fire pan brick, at this time, the combustion is over-oxygen combustion, which effectively reduces the temperature of the flame of the primary combustion, the mixed gas of the primary combustion flue gas and the remaining high-temperature air is mixed with the fuel of 75% of the total fuel flow discharged from the 8 outer fuel gas nozzles on the outer gas gun at the plane above the lower fire pan brick, to form a secondary flame, and due to the high flow speed of the secondary fuel flow of about 300 m / s, part of the furnace flue gas is effectively brought into the combustion area, and the oxygen concentration is diluted, so that the generation amount of NOx in the combustion process is effectively inhibited, and the NOx concentration in the discharged flue gas is below 50 mg / m3.

[0016] 2、Due to the fact that the lower part of the upper fire pan brick is provided with square holes, the number of which is consistent with the number of the outer nozzles, when the fuel gas of the outer gas gun is high-speed sprayed, part of the furnace flue gas can be driven into the combustion area from the square holes; the upper part is a necked structure, which forms a high-temperature combustion zone, so that the intermediate product CO in the combustion is fully combusted in the zone, and the CO concentration in the discharged flue gas is below 80 mg / m3.

[0017] 3、The center gas gun is provided with a swirler, and the combustion-supporting air flowing out of the swirler and the fuel gas flowing out of the horizontal hole of the center gun nozzle form a strong mixed jet, so that the fuel gas and the combustion-supporting air are uniformly mixed, the stability of the flame is enhanced, the excess air coefficient is reduced, and the energy saving of the heating furnace is facilitated.

[0018] 4、The tee is provided with a fuel gas stop valve and a pressure gauge, which respectively realize the flow regulation of the center gas gun and the outer gas gun, so as to control the amount of the induced backflow flue gas in the furnace, indirectly control the temperature of the center flame and the temperature of the outer swirling flame, adjust the balance point of NOx and CO according to the operation condition, and achieve the best combustion effect of low NOx and low CO. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is an internal structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the upper fire pan brick; Figure 1

[0021] It is a structure schematic view of the upper fire pan brick; Figure 3 Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the swirler.

[0022] ​The reference signs are explained as follows: 1, upper firepot brick; 2, lower firepot brick; 3, cyclone; 4, permanent light; 5, central air gun; 6, cylinder; 7, outer air gun; 8, fixed disc; 9, air regulating butterfly valve; 10, tee assembly; 101, tee pipe; 102, stop valve; 103, pressure gauge; 104, hose joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In the description of the utility model, it needs to be explained that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the importance of being opposite.

[0024] In the description of the utility model, it needs to be explained that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification:

[0026] A low-temperature furnace hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect, as shown in Figure 1 The cylinder 6 is used as the main carrier for mounting other components, and is a hollow cup-shaped structure, the outer wall of which is made of steel plate, the side wall of which is provided with a square hole for the entry of combustion-supporting air, the air regulating butterfly valve 9 is inserted into the square hole and fixed with the cylinder 6 by welding, the air regulating butterfly valve 9 is provided with an air regulating handle, and the operator can control the valve plate opening degree by rotating the external handle, so as to accurately control the combustion-supporting air volume. The cylinder 6 and the external steel plate flange are fixedly installed with the heating furnace bottom plate, and the upper part of the cylinder 6 penetrates into the furnace bottom plate, so as to ensure the stable installation and efficient operation of the burner in the furnace hearth.

[0027] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the lower firepot brick 2 is placed on the top plate of the cylinder 6, and the upper firepot brick 1 is arranged above the lower firepot brick 2. The upper firepot brick 1 is made of refractory castable, and the lower part thereof is provided with eight square holes for facilitating the inflow of furnace flue gas, and the upper part thereof is a tapered structure, which is used as a flame collection section, and is helpful to improve the combustion efficiency and the stability of the flame.

[0028] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the bottom end plate of the cylinder 6 is provided with a large circular hole and a small circular hole, and a sleeve is welded inside the small circular hole beside the large circular hole. The outer air gun 7 passes through the corresponding small circular hole and sleeve, and is fixed and installed with the bottom end plate of the cylinder 6 through a flange. The outer air gun 7 includes an annular gas pocket pipe, 8 gas pipes and 8 outer nozzles, which are placed in the outer circle of the lower fire basin brick 2 and account for 75% of the total fuel. Each outer nozzle is provided with 3 first-stage inclined holes facing the lower fire basin brick 2 and 3 second-stage inclined holes facing the lower fire basin brick 2. This design is beneficial to the full mixing and combustion of fuel and air.

[0029] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the large circular hole at the bottom is connected with a fixed disc 8 through bolts. A central circular hole and an outer through hole are formed in the bottom end plate of the fixed disc 8. A central air gun 5 is fixed in the central circular hole through welding. The central air gun 5 includes a collecting pipe, 8 bent pipes and 8 inner nozzles, which are placed inside the lower fire basin brick 2 and account for 25% of the total fuel. Each inner nozzle has one horizontal transverse hole facing the cyclone 3 and two inclined holes facing the lower fire basin brick 2. A cyclone 3 is welded on the top of the central air gun 5. The combustion-supporting wind flowing out of the cyclone 3 and the fuel gas flowing out of the horizontal transverse hole of the central gun nozzle form a strong mixing and a stable flame, which improves the combustion efficiency and stability.

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, a long-lasting lamp 4 passes through the corresponding outer through hole and sleeve, and is fixed and installed with the bottom end plate of the cylinder 6 through a flange. The tail of the long-lasting lamp 4 is a threaded joint, which is connected with the gas pipeline of the long-lasting lamp 4 through a metal hose. A small fire is always provided when the burner is running, which ensures that there is a clear fire in the furnace when the burner of the heating furnace is extinguished abnormally, and improves the safety and stability of the equipment operation.

[0031] The remaining outer through holes are provided with ignition holes and observation holes, which are convenient for operators to ignite and observe and monitor the combustion.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, the three-way component 10 includes a three-way pipe 101, two stop valves 102, a pressure gauge 103 and a hose joint 104. The gas inlet end of the three-way pipe 101 is connected with the main gas pipeline of the heating furnace through welding. The two gas outlets of the three-way pipe 101 are connected with the outer air gun 7 and the central air gun 5 through metal hoses respectively. The metal hoses connected with the outer air gun 7 and the central air gun 5 are provided with stop valves 102 and pressure gauges 103. The operators can accurately adjust the distribution ratio of the central air gun 5 and the outer air gun 7 through the adjustment of the hand valve opening degree, so as to realize the reasonable distribution and efficient utilization of fuel.

[0033] The inner part of the barrel 6 and the fixed disc 8 is provided with a heat preservation layer, so that heat loss is effectively reduced, energy utilization is improved, energy consumption is reduced, equipment parts are protected, and service life is prolonged.

[0034] The utility model works as follows: when the gas burner is running, first, the combustion air volume is adjusted by the air adjusting butterfly valve 9; the operator rotates the air adjusting handle; the valve plate opening is controlled according to the actual combustion requirement; and the appropriate combustion air enters the barrel 6.

[0035] The fuel gas enters the tee assembly 10 through the heating furnace main fuel gas pipeline; the fuel gas is distributed by the tee pipe 101; a part of the fuel gas flows to the center air gun 5 through the metal hose, and the other part flows to the outer air gun 7. The fuel gas flowing to the center air gun 5 accounts for about 25% of the total fuel, is sprayed out through the 8 inner nozzles of the center air gun 5, the horizontal hole of each inner nozzle faces the cyclone 3, the fuel gas and the combustion air flowing out of the cyclone 3 form a strong mixing, and the two inclined holes face the lower fire pan brick 2, so that the fuel gas diffuses in a specific direction. Under the synergistic action of the cyclone 3 and the nozzle, the fuel gas and the combustion air are fully mixed and burned, and a stable inner circle flame is formed.

[0036] The fuel gas flowing to the outer air gun 7 accounts for about 75% of the total fuel, is sprayed out through the 8 outer nozzles of the outer air gun 7, the three first-stage inclined holes and the three second-stage inclined holes of each outer nozzle face the lower fire pan brick 2, so that the fuel gas is sprayed out at different angles and positions, is further mixed and burned with the flue gas after the inner air gun burns and the combustion air entering, the combustion range is expanded, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

[0037] The flame generated by combustion continues to move forward, converges in the upper fire pan brick 1 and forms a high-temperature area in the neck structure of the upper fire pan brick 1. Due to the combination of the fuel gas grading technology, the flue gas self-circulation technology and the thick-thin combustion technology, the combustion process is more sufficient and efficient. The unburned CO is fully contacted with sufficient oxygen in the high-temperature area, full combustion is realized, the CO concentration is greatly reduced, and the CO concentration in the flue gas is lower than 80mg / m3. Meanwhile, the comprehensive application of these technologies also makes the NOX concentration in the flue gas lower than 50mg / m3, effectively reduces the emission of pollutants and meets the environmental protection requirements.

[0038] During the whole operation process, the pilot light 4 always keeps a burning state, provides a stable small fire seed for the burner, and ensures that there is still a visible fire in the furnace once the burner is abnormally extinguished, avoids the safety problems and the cumbersome operation of re-ignition caused by extinguishing, and guarantees the stable operation of the heating furnace.

[0039] The operator can also observe the ignition hole and the fire observation hole to know the combustion condition of the burner in real time, and further adjust the combustion air volume and the fuel gas distribution ratio parameter as required, so that the burner is always in the best operating state, the efficient, stable and low pollution combustion process is realized, and the performance requirement of the heating furnace in the petroleum refining industry is met.

[0040] The basic principle, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A low-temperature furnace dedicated gas burner with good energy-saving effect, comprising a cylinder (6), the cylinder (6) is a hollow cup-shaped structure, the cylinder (6) is fixedly installed with the outer steel plate flange and the heating furnace bottom plate, characterized in that: The lower fire basin brick (2) is placed on the top plate of the cylinder (6), and the upper fire basin brick (1) is arranged above the lower fire basin brick (2); a large circular hole is formed in the bottom end plate of the cylinder (6), a small circular hole is formed in the side of the large circular hole, the bottom large circular hole is connected with the fixing disc (8) through bolts, a sleeve is welded in the small circular hole, and the outer gas gun (7) passes through the corresponding small circular hole and the sleeve; a center circular hole and an outer through hole are formed in the bottom end plate of the fixing disc (8), the center gas gun (5) is fixed in the center circular hole through welding, the long-lasting lamp (4) passes through the corresponding outer through hole and the sleeve, and the remaining outer through holes are provided with ignition holes and observation holes; the three-way component (10) is arranged to communicate the outer gas gun (7), the center gas gun (5) and the main fuel gas pipeline of the heating furnace.

2. The low-temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone (3) is welded on the top of the center gas gun (5), the combustion-supporting wind flowing out of the cyclone (3) and the fuel gas flowing out of the horizontal transverse hole of the center gun nozzle form a strong mixed jet, and a stable flame is formed.

3. The low-temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center gas gun (5) includes a manifold, eight bend pipes and eight inner nozzles, is placed in the lower fire basin brick (2), and accounts for 25% of the total fuel; each inner nozzle has one horizontal transverse hole facing the cyclone (3) and two inclined holes facing the lower fire basin brick (2).

4. The low-temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer gas gun (7) includes an annular gas pocket pipe, eight gas pipes, eight outer nozzles, is placed in the outer circle of the lower fire basin brick (2), and accounts for 75% of the total fuel; each inner nozzle has three first-stage inclined holes facing the lower fire basin brick (2) and three second-stage inclined holes facing the lower fire basin brick (2), the lower part of the upper fire basin brick (1) is provided with six or eight square holes; and the upper part is a necked structure.

5. The low-temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-way component (10) includes a three-way pipe (101), two stop valves (102), a pressure gauge (103) and a hose joint (104), the gas inlet end of the three-way pipe (101) is connected with the main fuel gas pipeline of the heating furnace through welding, the two gas outlets of the three-way pipe (101) are connected with the outer gas gun (7) and the center gas gun (5) through metal hoses respectively, so as to distribute the fuel gas, the metal hoses connected with the outer gas gun (7) and the center gas gun (5) are provided with the stop valves (102) and the pressure gauges (103), and the hand valve opening degree is adjusted, so as to adjust the distribution ratio of the center gas gun (5) and the outer gas gun (7).

6. The low-temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cylinder (6) is made of a steel plate, so that heat of flame or preheated air is prevented from being conducted to the outer wall during operation; the side wall of the cylinder (6) is provided with square holes for the combustion-supporting air to enter, the air regulating butterfly valve (9) is inserted into the square holes and is fixed with the cylinder (6) through welding, the air regulating handle is arranged on the air regulating butterfly valve (9), the outer handle is rotated to control the opening degree of the valve plate, so as to control the amount of combustion-supporting wind.

7. The low-temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail of the long-lasting lamp (4) is a threaded joint, is connected with the gas pipeline of the long-lasting lamp (4) through a metal hose, the long-lasting lamp (4) always provides a small fire seed when the burner is operated, and ensures that there is a bright fire in the furnace when the burner of the heating furnace is extinguished abnormally.

8. The low-temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (6) and the fixing disc (8) are both internally provided with a heat preservation layer.

9. The low-temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer air gun (7) is fixedly installed with the bottom end plate of the cylinder (6) through a flange, and the long-lasting lamp (4) is fixedly installed with the bottom end plate of the cylinder (6) through a flange.

10. The low-temperature hearth special gas burner with good energy-saving effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper fire pot brick (1) is made of refractory castable and is placed on a furnace bottom lining, and eight square holes are arranged in the lower part of the upper fire pot brick (1) to facilitate the inflow of flue gas in the furnace chamber. The upper part is a necked structure, which is a flame collection section.

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