Ultrasonic cutting mechanism and device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining, and discloses an ultrasonic cutting mechanism and device, the ultrasonic cutting mechanism comprises a shell, an amplitude-change pole and a tool head, the periphery of the amplitude-change pole is provided with a connecting flange, and the connecting flange is connected with the end part of the shell; one end of the amplitude-change pole is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic unit and is arranged in an inner cavity of the shell; the end face of the other end of the amplitude-change pole is meshed with the end face of the tool head. The amplitude-change pole and the tool head are connected in a meshed mode, the tool head can be replaced conveniently, and the actual machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and more specifically, to an ultrasonic cutting mechanism and device. Background Technology

[0002] In modern manufacturing, high-temperature alloys are widely used in aerospace, power generation, and automotive manufacturing due to their excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance. However, machining high-temperature alloys has always been a highly challenging problem. Traditional turning methods often encounter problems such as high cutting forces, severe work hardening, rapid tool wear, and difficulty in guaranteeing the surface quality when dealing with high-temperature alloys. This is because the microstructure of high-temperature alloys is complex, containing a large number of reinforcing phases, which cause their hardness and toughness to exert a strong resistance to the cutting tool during machining, resulting in low machining efficiency and high costs.

[0003] With the continuous advancement of technology, ultrasonic machining technology is gradually emerging. Ultrasonic machining tools, by introducing high-frequency vibrations during the turning process, can effectively alter the cutting mechanism. Under the action of ultrasonic vibration, the friction state between the tool and the workpiece is improved, the cutting force is significantly reduced, and the formation and removal of chips are smoother. This not only helps reduce tool wear and extend tool life but also improves the quality of the machined surface, reduces surface roughness, and minimizes machining defects. However, existing ultrasonic cutting mechanisms have non-removable tool heads and can only perform one machining operation, such as turning, grinding, or boring. For complex machining surfaces of certain high-temperature alloy materials, multiple ultrasonic cutting mechanisms are required, increasing costs and reducing actual machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the technical problems existing in the prior art by providing an ultrasonic cutting mechanism and device that facilitates tool head replacement and improves processing efficiency.

[0005] To solve the problems mentioned above, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides an ultrasonic cutting mechanism, including a housing, an amplitude transformer, and a tool head. The amplitude transformer has a connecting flange on its outer periphery, which is connected to the end of the housing. One end of the amplitude transformer has a piezoelectric ceramic unit located in the inner cavity of the housing. The end face of the other end of the amplitude transformer engages with the end face of the tool head.

[0007] Furthermore, the amplitude transformer and the tool head are engaged using a comb-tooth structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the end face of the amplitude rod is provided with multiple comb tooth recesses with parallel axes, and the end face of the tool head is provided with multiple comb tooth protrusions with parallel axes, and the comb tooth recesses and the comb tooth protrusions engage with each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the end face of the amplitude rod is provided with two sets of comb tooth recesses with parallel axes, and the axes of the two sets of comb tooth recesses are arranged intersectingly; the end face of the tool head is also provided with two sets of comb tooth protrusions that mesh with the comb tooth recesses.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting flange has a first damping ring groove and a second damping ring groove respectively on the side away from the tool head along the axial direction of the amplitude rod. The first damping ring groove is located on the side of the second damping ring groove away from the surface of the amplitude rod, and the depth of the first damping ring groove along the axial direction of the amplitude rod is less than that of the second damping ring groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the first damping ring groove is provided with multiple damping through grooves, and the second damping ring groove is provided with multiple damping recesses. The damping through grooves pass through the two opposite sides of the connecting flange, and the positions of the damping through grooves and the damping recesses correspond to each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the first damping ring groove and / or damping through groove are respectively filled with flexible material, and the second damping ring groove and / or damping groove are also respectively filled with flexible material.

[0013] Furthermore, the amplitude rod and the tool head are respectively provided with corresponding and connected water outlet channels, and the connecting flange is provided with a water inlet channel that communicates with the water outlet channel.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a positioning pin, which is provided on the mating surface of the amplitude rod and the tool head, and located at the connection between the water outlet channels of the amplitude rod and the tool head. The positioning pin is provided with a through hole communicating with the water outlet channel.

[0015] Furthermore, the diameter of the piezoelectric ceramic unit is d1, the diameter of the first damping ring groove is d3, and the diameter of the second damping ring groove is d4, satisfying the following:

[0016]

[0017] Furthermore, the maximum outer diameter of the amplitude transformer is d2, and the tooth depth H and the number of teeth N of the comb structure between the amplitude transformer and the tool head satisfy the following:

[0018]

[0019] Where c is the sound velocity of the material, P is the comb tooth pitch, f is the ultrasonic vibration frequency, and α is the comb tooth angle.

[0020] This utility model also provides an ultrasonic cutting device, including a mounting base and the ultrasonic cutting mechanism, wherein the mounting base is clamped on the outer periphery of the housing, and a cutting blade is provided at the end of the tool head.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] In this invention, a tool head is provided at the end of the amplitude transformer, and the amplitude transformer and the tool head are engaged to facilitate the replacement of the tool head. It meets different processing requirements for complex material surfaces, reduces costs, and improves the efficiency of actual processing. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the ultrasonic cutting mechanism of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the ultrasonic cutting mechanism of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a partial exploded view of the ultrasonic cutting mechanism of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a left view of the ultrasonic cutting mechanism of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the amplitude transformer rod in this utility model.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the comb tooth structure in this utility model.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the ultrasonic cutting device of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic cutting device of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 9 This is another embodiment of the tool head in this utility model.

[0033] Among them, 100-ultrasonic cutting mechanism, 10-shell, 20-amplifier rod, 30-tool head, 21-connecting flange, 40-piezoelectric ceramic unit, 41-cover plate, 42-locking part, 43-positioning block, 22-comb tooth recess, 23-positioning pin, 31-comb tooth protrusion, 24-first vibration damping ring groove, 25-second vibration damping ring groove, 241-vibration damping through groove, 251-vibration damping groove, 26-flexible body, 27-first water outlet channel, 32-second water outlet channel, 28-water inlet channel, 50-mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. For example, terms such as “length,” “width,” “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “rear,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” and “outer” indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the accompanying drawings and are merely for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0035] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. In the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model, when an element is referred to as "fixed to," "mounted to," "set on," or "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly located on that other element. For example, when an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to that other element.

[0036] Furthermore, the reference to "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0037] See Figures 1 to 3As shown, this utility model provides an ultrasonic cutting mechanism, including a housing 10, an amplitude transformer 20, and a tool head 30. One end of the amplitude transformer 20 is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic unit 40 and is located in the inner cavity of the housing 10. The end face of the other end of the amplitude transformer 20 engages with the end face of the tool head 30, so that the tool head 30 can be detached and installed.

[0038] Specifically, the amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30 are fitted together by meshing to improve the stability and reliability of their connection. The tool head 30 is equipped with a machining tool at its end, meaning that the tool head 30 and the amplitude transformer 20 are detachably connected. This allows for easy replacement of different tool heads 30 and machining tools according to different material processing requirements, ensuring the reliability of ultrasonic cutting.

[0039] In one embodiment, the outer periphery of the amplitude transformer 20 extends radially to form a connecting flange 21, which is connected to the end face of the housing 10. The connecting flange 21 is designated as the vibration zero point. The connecting flange 21 is provided with a vibration damping groove to avoid ultrasonic energy loss and improve the efficiency of ultrasonic energy transmission to the tool head 30.

[0040] The piezoelectric ceramic unit 40 is fitted to the end face of the amplitude transformer 20 and pressed together by the cover plate 41. The locking member 42 passes through the cover plate 41 and the piezoelectric ceramic unit 40 in sequence and connects to the amplitude transformer 20, thereby ensuring the reliability of the connection and cooperation between the piezoelectric ceramic unit 40 and the amplitude transformer 20. Understandably, the locking member 42 can be a pre-tightening screw or other fastener. In other embodiments, the cover plate 41 and the piezoelectric ceramic unit 40 can also be sequentially fitted onto the outer periphery of the amplitude transformer 20, and the cover plate 41 can be fixed by bolts or other locking members, which can also ensure a reliable connection and cooperation between the piezoelectric ceramic unit 40 and the amplitude transformer 20.

[0041] To improve the stability of the piezoelectric ceramic unit 40 mounted on the amplitude transformer 20, a positioning block 43 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 10. The end of the positioning block 43 abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 41. By positioning the cover plate 41, the piezoelectric ceramic unit 40 can be reliably positioned.

[0042] In one embodiment, the amplitude rod 20 and the tool head 30 are engaged by a comb-tooth structure, which enables the tool head 30 to be detachably installed and improves the stability of the connection between the amplitude rod 20 and the tool head 30.

[0043] Specifically, the end face of the amplitude transformer 20 is provided with multiple comb tooth recesses 22 with parallel axes along the radial direction, and the end face of the tool head 30 is provided with multiple comb tooth protrusions 31 with parallel axes along the radial direction. The comb tooth recesses 22 and comb tooth protrusions 31 mesh with each other to prevent the tool head 30 from shifting its installation position when the amplitude transformer 20 drives the tool head 30 to perform ultrasonic vibration under the action of the piezoelectric ceramic unit 40, thereby improving the installation stability of the tool head 30.

[0044] Specifically, a positioning pin 23 is provided on the meshing end face of the amplitude rod 20 and the tool head 30 to prevent the comb tooth recess 22 and the comb tooth protrusion 31 from moving when the amplitude rod 20 is subjected to ultrasonic vibration, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the amplitude rod 20 and the tool head 30.

[0045] Understandably, the end face of the amplitude rod 20 can be provided with two sets of comb tooth recesses 22 with parallel axes along the radial direction, and the axes of the two sets of comb tooth recesses 22 are intersected. Similarly, the end face of the tool head 30 is also provided with two sets of comb tooth protrusions 31 that mesh with the comb tooth recesses 22 along the radial direction, which increases the contact area between the amplitude rod 20 and the tool head 30 and further improves the installation stability of the tool head 30.

[0046] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the connecting flange 21 has a first damping ring groove 24 and a second damping ring groove 25 on the side away from the tool head 30 along the axial direction of the amplitude rod 20. The first damping ring groove 24 is located on the side of the second damping ring groove 25 away from the surface of the amplitude rod 20, and the depth of the first damping ring groove 24 along the axial direction of the amplitude rod 20 is less than that of the second damping ring groove 25.

[0047] Specifically, a first damping ring groove 24 and a second damping ring groove 25 are respectively provided on the connecting flange 21. Compared with only one damping ring groove, the damping effect can be improved. In order to ensure the structural rigidity of the amplitude transformer 20, the depth of the first damping ring groove 24 is smaller than that of the second damping ring groove 25. The number and depth of the damping ring grooves can also be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby ensuring the reliability of the amplitude transformer 20 in ultrasonic vibration and energy transmission.

[0048] In one embodiment, the first damping ring groove 24 is provided with a plurality of damping through grooves 241, and the second damping ring groove 25 is provided with a plurality of damping grooves 251. The damping through grooves 241 penetrate through the opposite sides of the connecting flange 21, and the positions of the damping through grooves 241 and the damping grooves 251 correspond to each other, which further improves the damping effect of the connecting flange 21.

[0049] Specifically, the vibration damping through-slots 241 and vibration damping grooves 251 are both arc-shaped grooves, and multiple slots are provided along the circumference of the amplitude transformer 20. Adjacent vibration damping through-slots 241 and adjacent vibration damping grooves 251 are spaced apart, ensuring both reliable vibration damping and structural rigidity of the amplitude transformer 20. Understandably, the number of vibration damping through-slots 241 and vibration damping grooves 251 can be increased or decreased according to the dimensions of the connecting flange 21.

[0050] In one embodiment, the first damping ring groove 24 and / or the damping through groove 241 are respectively filled with flexible bodies 26, and the second damping ring groove 25 and / or the damping groove 251 are also respectively filled with flexible bodies 26. While achieving the damping effect, this can improve the structural rigidity of the connecting flange 21.

[0051] Specifically, since the connecting flange 21 is connected to the housing 10, the ultrasonic energy loss can be reduced by setting the vibration damping ring groove, but the structural rigidity of the connecting flange 21 is also reduced. The flexible body 26 filled in the vibration damping ring groove can play a supporting role, improve the structural rigidity of the connecting flange 21, and thus ensure the installation reliability of the connecting flange 21 and the housing 10.

[0052] In one embodiment, see further. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the luffing rod 20 is provided with a first water outlet channel 27 along the axial direction, and the luffing rod 20 is also provided with a water inlet channel 28 that communicates with the first water outlet channel 27; the tool head 30 is provided with a second water outlet channel 32 along the axial direction, and the second water outlet channel 32 communicates with the first water outlet channel 27.

[0053] The liquid medium enters the amplitude transformer 20 through the inlet channel 28, flows out of the tool head 30 after passing through the first outlet channel 27 and the second outlet channel 32, thus cooling the amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30. At the same time, the liquid medium acts on the material surface, which can clean the machining debris on the material surface. Under certain working conditions, it can also form a cavitation effect on the material surface, improving the machining quality of the material surface.

[0054] Specifically, the first water outlet channel 27 and the second water outlet channel 32 are respectively located at the center of the amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30, and their ends are connected to facilitate processing and achieve uniform cooling. The water inlet channel 28 is arranged radially along the amplitude transformer 20. Since the connecting flange 21 is the vibration zero point, the water inlet channel 28 is located on the connecting flange 21, so that the liquid medium can reliably enter the water inlet channel 28 and smoothly enter the first water outlet channel 27.

[0055] Specifically, the positioning pin 23 is located on the mating surface of the amplitude rod 20 and the tool head 30, and is located at the connection between the first water outlet channel 27 and the second water outlet channel 32. The positioning pin 23 is also provided with a through hole that communicates with the water outlet channels (27, 32).

[0056] In this embodiment, the amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30 are engaged by the comb tooth recess 22 and the comb tooth protrusion 31, and the stability and reliability of their connection are further ensured by the positioning pin 23. The positioning pin 23 is located at the connection between the first water outlet channel 27 and the second water outlet channel 32, and is provided with a through hole communicating with the water outlet channel. The positioning pin 23 serves both to connect and position, and also to seal, preventing leakage of liquid medium.

[0057] In one embodiment, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the diameter of the piezoelectric ceramic unit 40 is d1, the diameter of the first damping ring groove 24 is d3, and the diameter of the second damping ring groove 25 is d4, then the following conditions are met:

[0058]

[0059] Specifically, n1 and n2 can be 1, 1.2, 1.5, or any value within the range, and can be determined according to the dimensions of the connecting flange 21. The diameters of the first damping ring groove 24 and the second damping ring groove 25 meet the above requirements, which can achieve a reliable damping effect and ensure the structural rigidity of the amplitude transformer 20 and the connecting flange 21.

[0060] In one embodiment, both the damping through groove 241 and the damping groove 251 have arc-shaped ends with radii R≥1, i.e., R1≥1 and R2≥1, which facilitates the processing of both structures and ensures the damping effect.

[0061] In one embodiment, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the maximum outer diameter of the amplitude transformer 20 is d2. The tooth depth H and the number of teeth N of the comb structure between the amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30 satisfy:

[0062]

[0063] Where c is the material sound velocity, P is the comb tooth pitch, f is the ultrasonic vibration frequency, and α is the comb tooth angle, all of which are known values. n3 and n4 can be 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, or any other arbitrary value, all of which can ensure the stability and reliability of the connection between the amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30. α can also be chosen according to actual needs, with α preferably being 60° to ensure the reliability of the meshing connection between the amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30.

[0064] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, this utility model also provides an ultrasonic cutting device, including the ultrasonic cutting mechanism 100 and a mounting base 50. The mounting base 50 is clamped on the outer periphery of the outer shell 10 in the ultrasonic cutting mechanism 100, and a cutting blade 60 is provided at the end of the tool head 30.

[0065] Specifically, the ultrasonic cutting device is connected to an external machine tool via the mounting base 50. The mounting base 50 and the housing 10 are elastically clamped together, which facilitates the adjustment of the installation angles of the tool head 30 and the cutting blade 60 relative to the machine tool, thus meeting different processing requirements.

[0066] Understandably, the amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30 are coupled using a comb-tooth structure, and the tool head 30 can be detachably mounted on the amplitude transformer 20, facilitating replacement of the tool head 30 according to different processing requirements. For example... Figure 1 The tool head 30 shown is used for cutting the material, while Figure 9 The tool head 30 shown is used for turning materials. In other cases, different tool heads 30 with different structures can be replaced as needed to achieve different processing effects.

[0067] The ultrasonic cutting mechanism and device provided by this utility model have a comb-tooth structure for the tool head 30, which can be detachably installed with the amplitude transformer 20 to meet different processing requirements of the material surface. The amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30 are respectively provided with water outlet channels (27, 32) to facilitate the introduction of liquid medium to cool the amplitude transformer 20 and the tool head 30, and also to clean the processing debris on the material surface, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the material. The connecting flange 21 of the amplitude transformer 20 is provided with vibration damping ring grooves (24, 25), which are respectively filled with flexible bodies 26. This can reduce the ultrasonic energy loss at the connecting flange 21 and improve the overall structural rigidity, thereby ensuring the processing efficiency and processing accuracy of ultrasonic cutting.

[0068] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic cutting mechanism, characterized in that: The device includes a housing, an amplitude transformer, and a tool head. The amplitude transformer has a connecting flange on its outer periphery, which is connected to the end of the housing. One end of the amplitude transformer has a piezoelectric ceramic unit located inside the housing. The end face of the other end of the amplitude transformer engages with the end face of the tool head.

2. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude transformer and the tool head are engaged by a comb-tooth structure.

3. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end face of the amplitude rod is provided with multiple comb tooth recesses with parallel axes, and the end face of the tool head is provided with multiple comb tooth protrusions with parallel axes. The comb tooth recesses and the comb tooth protrusions mesh with each other.

4. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The end face of the amplitude transformer is provided with two sets of comb tooth recesses with parallel axes, and the axes of the two sets of comb tooth recesses are arranged intersectingly; the end face of the tool head is also provided with two sets of comb tooth protrusions that mesh with the comb tooth recesses.

5. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting flange has a first damping ring groove and a second damping ring groove on the side away from the tool head along the axial direction of the luffing rod. The first damping ring groove is located on the side of the second damping ring groove away from the surface of the luffing rod, and the depth of the first damping ring groove along the axial direction of the luffing rod is less than that of the second damping ring groove.

6. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first damping ring groove is provided with multiple damping through grooves, and the second damping ring groove is provided with multiple damping grooves. The damping through grooves pass through the two opposite sides of the connecting flange, and the positions of the damping through grooves and the damping grooves correspond to each other.

7. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first damping ring groove and / or damping through groove are respectively filled with flexible material, and the second damping ring groove and / or damping groove are also respectively filled with flexible material.

8. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude transformer and the tool head are respectively provided with corresponding and connected water outlet channels, and the connecting flange is provided with a water inlet channel that communicates with the water outlet channels.

9. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a positioning pin, which is provided on the mating surface of the amplitude rod and the tool head, and is located at the connection between the water outlet channels of the amplitude rod and the tool head. The positioning pin is provided with a through hole that communicates with the water outlet channel.

10. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the piezoelectric ceramic unit is d1, the diameter of the first damping ring groove is d3, and the diameter of the second damping ring groove is d4, satisfying the following:

11. The ultrasonic cutting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The maximum outer diameter of the amplitude transformer is d2, and the tooth depth H and the number of teeth N of the comb structure between the amplitude transformer and the tool head satisfy the following: Where c is the sound velocity of the material, P is the comb tooth pitch, f is the ultrasonic vibration frequency, and α is the comb tooth angle.

12. An ultrasonic cutting device, characterized in that: The tool includes a mounting base and an ultrasonic cutting mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the mounting base is clamped to the outer periphery of the housing and a cutting blade is provided at the end of the tool head.

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