Back door assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The back door assembly comprises a back door metal plate and an empennage bottom support, the back door metal plate is provided with a first connecting face and a second connecting face, and an included angle is formed between the first connecting face and the second connecting face; the empennage bottom support comprises a main body part and an extension part which are connected with each other, the main body part is connected to the first connecting surface of the back door metal plate, the extension part extends from the main body part in the Z direction so as to be at least partially attached to the second connecting surface in the X direction, the part, attached to the second connecting surface, of the extension part is fastened to the second connecting surface in the X direction, and the X direction is perpendicular to the Z direction. According to the back door assembly provided in the scheme, the extension part is fastened to the second connecting face, so that connection between the tail wing bottom support and the back door metal plate in the X direction is more stable, the anti-pressure capacity of the tail wing and the back door in the X direction is improved, the anti-pressure requirement of the back door assembly in the X direction is met, the modality of the whole back door assembly can be effectively improved, and the service life of the back door assembly is prolonged. And the cracking risk of the back door assembly is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to a back door assembly and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the deepening of the research on automobile aerodynamics, the active tail wing, as a core component to improve the dynamic performance of vehicles, has been widely used in high-speed vehicles and new energy vehicles. The active tail wing can produce controllable downward pressure by adjusting the angle and height in real time when driving at high speed or turning, so as to enhance the tire grip and improve the handling stability. However, the existing active tail wing system still has significant technical bottlenecks in lightweight design, structural strength and wind pressure resistance, which restricts the further improvement of its performance.

[0003] The existing installation structure of the active tail wing has obvious defects. The tail wing needs to withstand multi-directional wind pressure when it is deployed at high speed, among which the Z-direction (vertical direction) downward pressure can reach several thousand Newtons, and the X-direction (i.e. the front-to-rear direction of the vehicle) wind pressure can also reach several hundred Newtons. However, the current bottom support is only connected to the back door panel through the Z-direction mounting point, lacking a resistance mechanism for the X-direction wind pressure. Under the long-term action of aerodynamic load, the X-direction force will amplify the shear stress on the mounting point through the lever effect, aggravating the deformation and stress concentration of the back door panel. This design defect not only reduces the overall stiffness of the system, but also further weakens the first-order modal, forming a vicious cycle of "lightweight requirement-structural strength deficiency-vibration failure".

[0004] In summary, due to the limitations of material selection and structural design, the existing active tail wing system cannot meet the requirements of lightweight, high modal and multi-directional (especially X-direction) pressure resistance at the same time, and it is necessary to achieve breakthrough through structural optimization. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a back door assembly and a vehicle to solve the problem of poor X-direction pressure resistance of the existing tail wing.

[0006] A back door assembly, comprising a back door panel and a tail wing bottom support, the back door panel having a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface arranged at an angle with the first connecting surface; the tail wing bottom support comprising a main body portion and an extension portion connected thereto, the main body portion being connected to the first connecting surface of the back door panel, the extension portion extending from the main body portion in the Z-direction to at least partially fit the second connecting surface in the X-direction, and the portion of the extension portion fitting the second connecting surface being fastened to the second connecting surface in the X-direction, the X-direction being perpendicular to the Z-direction.

[0007] In one embodiment, a first fastener is also included, which is arranged in the X-direction, and the first fastener fastens the extension portion and the portion of the back door panel provided with the second connecting surface.

[0008] In one embodiment, the back door sheet metal further includes at least one first connecting hole disposed on the first connecting surface, and the back door assembly further includes a limiting pin fixedly connected to the main body, the limiting pin being inserted into the first connecting hole and the limiting pin being disposed along the Z direction.

[0009] In one embodiment, multiple limiting pins are provided, and at least some of the limiting pins are X-direction limiting pins. The first connecting hole is an oblong hole. Compared with other directions, the X-direction limiting pins and the oblong hole are more tightly fitted in the X direction.

[0010] In one embodiment, there are multiple X-direction limiting pins, and adjacent X-direction limiting pins are spaced apart in the Y direction, wherein the Y direction is perpendicular to the X and Z directions.

[0011] In one embodiment, multiple limiting pins are provided, and at least some of the limiting pins are Y-direction limiting pins. The first connecting hole is an oblong hole. Compared with other directions, the Y-direction limiting pins and the oblong hole are more tightly fitted in the Y direction. The Y direction is perpendicular to the X and Z directions.

[0012] In one embodiment, the main body has a plurality of mounting holes for connecting the back door sheet metal, each of the mounting holes being a threaded blind hole structure, and the mounting holes being distributed in a dispersed manner.

[0013] In one embodiment, the tailgate assembly further includes a tailgate trim panel, which is fixedly connected to the tail wing base, and the tailgate trim panel is provided with a plurality of spaced limiting ribs, at least one of the limiting ribs being tightly fitted with the tail wing base in the X direction, and at least one of the limiting ribs being tightly fitted with the tail wing base in the Y direction, wherein the Y direction is perpendicular to the X and Z directions.

[0014] In one embodiment, the tail fin base is made of magnesium alloy.

[0015] A vehicle including a tailgate assembly as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0016] The tailgate assembly provided in the above solution is fastened to the second connecting surface through the extension, which makes the connection between the tail wing base and the tailgate sheet metal in the X direction more stable, improves the compressive strength of the tail wing and tailgate in the X direction, thereby meeting the compressive strength requirements of the tailgate assembly in the X direction, effectively improving the modality of the entire tailgate assembly, and reducing the risk of cracking of the tailgate assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the back door assembly in one embodiment of this application.

[0018] Figure 2for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-tail wing underbody.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 X-direction view of the rear door assembly.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Z-direction view of the mid-tail wing underbody Figure 1 .

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Z-direction view of the mid-tail wing underbody Figure 2 .

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the rear wing underbody and the tailgate trim panel.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 100. Rear door assembly; 110. Rear door sheet metal; 111. First connecting surface; 112. Second connecting surface; 113. First connecting hole; 114. Pre-fixing point; 115. Fixing point; 120. Tail wing base support; 121. Main body; 1211. Mounting hole; 1212. Linkage mounting point; 1213. Motor mounting point; 1214. Limiting hole; 122. Extension; 130. First fastener; 140. Rear door trim panel; 141. Limiting rib; 142. Snap-fit ​​point; 143. Fastening point; 150. Linkage mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0027] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0030] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0031] One embodiment of this application provides a vehicle, which can be any vehicle, including internal combustion engine vehicles, new energy vehicles, and hybrid vehicles, without limitation. The vehicle includes a tailgate assembly 100 as described in any of the following embodiments. Exemplarily, the tailgate assembly 100 is located at the rear of the vehicle and is an important component connecting the vehicle body to the trunk or rear cargo box.

[0032] For ease of description, the X, Y, and Z directions, which are perpendicular to each other, are used as directional illustrations in this application, but are not intended to be limiting. For example, the X direction corresponds to the front-to-back direction of the vehicle, the Y direction corresponds to the width direction of the vehicle, and the Z direction corresponds to the height direction of the vehicle.

[0033] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tailgate assembly 100 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The tailgate assembly 100 provided in this embodiment of the application is applied to any of the aforementioned vehicles. Figure 1 As shown, the tailgate assembly 100 includes a tailgate sheet metal 110 and a rear spoiler base 120. The tailgate sheet metal 110 has a first connecting surface 111 and a second connecting surface 112 that is angled to the first connecting surface 111. In this embodiment, the first connecting surface 111 is substantially parallel to the planes containing the X and Y directions, but this is not a limitation. In practical applications, the first connecting surface 111 can be an arc-shaped surface with a slight curvature, while the second connecting surface 112 is substantially parallel to the Z direction.

[0034] Combination Figure 2As shown, the rear wing support 120 includes a main body 121 and an extension 122 connected together. The main body 121 is connected to a first connecting surface 111 of the tailgate sheet metal 110. The extension 122 extends from the main body 121 along the Z direction to at least partially abut against a second connecting surface 112 in the X direction. The portion of the extension 122 abutting against the second connecting surface 112 is fastened to the second connecting surface 112 in the X direction, with the X direction perpendicular to the Z direction. This fastening of the extension 122 to the second connecting surface 112 makes the connection between the rear wing support 120 and the tailgate sheet metal 110 more stable in the X direction, improving the compressive strength of the rear wing and tailgate in the X direction. This meets the compressive strength requirements of the tailgate assembly 100 in the X direction, effectively improving the modal characteristics of the entire tailgate assembly 100 and reducing the risk of cracking in the tailgate assembly 100.

[0035] In some embodiments, the number of extensions 122 can be multiple, and adjacent extensions 122 are spaced apart in the Y direction, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the illustration, in this embodiment, the number of extensions 122 is two, but this is not a limitation. In other embodiments, the number of extensions 122 may be one or more.

[0036] Currently, most mainstream active rear wings use steel plates or cast aluminum for their base. While these materials possess high mechanical strength, their high density results in an excessively heavy rear wing assembly. For new energy vehicles, lightweighting is a key objective for improving driving range, and the use of traditional materials directly conflicts with this requirement. Furthermore, to meet the multi-angle adjustment function of the rear wing, existing technologies rely on complex linkage mechanisms, further increasing the system weight. The excessively heavy rear wing assembly places higher demands on the load-bearing capacity of the tailgate sheet metal. However, due to limitations in molding processes and lightweight design, it is difficult to improve the rigidity of the tailgate sheet metal by increasing its thickness or strengthening its structure. This causes the first-order mode (i.e., the system's natural vibration frequency) of the active rear wing system to remain at a low level (typically below 40Hz) for extended periods. Under high-speed conditions, the rear wing is continuously excited by alternating wind loads, and the low-mode resonance easily leads to fatigue cracking of the tailgate sheet metal.

[0037] In one embodiment, the tail fin base 120 is made of magnesium alloy. Magnesium alloy has only 70% of the density of aluminum alloy and 1.2 times the tensile strength of aluminum alloy, which can effectively improve the overall mode of the active tail fin and the tailgate. Therefore, the tail fin base 120 made of magnesium alloy is lighter, reducing weight while increasing product strength.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, in one embodiment, the tailgate assembly 100 includes a first fastener 130, which is disposed along the X-direction and fastens the extension 122 and the portion of the tailgate sheet metal 110 having a second connecting surface 112 to reinforce the connection between the rear spoiler support 120 and the tailgate sheet metal 110 in the X-direction. In this embodiment, the first fastener 130 is a fastening screw. Preferably, the hole in the extension 122 that mates with the first fastener 130 is a blind hole to prevent water from entering the vehicle compartment. In other embodiments, the first fastener 130 may also be a bolt or the like.

[0039] Combination Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the back door sheet metal 110 further includes at least one first connecting hole 113 disposed on the first connecting surface 111, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the first connecting hole 113 optionally penetrates the portion of the tailgate sheet metal 110 located on the first connecting surface 111 to facilitate connection. The tailgate assembly 100 also includes a limiting pin (not shown) fixedly connected to the main body 121. The limiting pin is inserted into the first connecting hole 113 and is arranged along the Z direction to limit the tailgate sheet metal 110 and the main body 121 in any direction of the X and Y planes.

[0040] In one embodiment, multiple limiting pins are provided, at least some of which are X-direction limiting pins. The first connecting hole 113 is an oblong hole. Compared to other directions, the X-direction limiting pins and the oblong hole are more tightly fitted in the X direction, so that the X-direction limiting pins can limit the tailgate sheet metal 110 and the main body 121 in the X direction. It can also share some of the force on the tail wing in the X direction, thereby improving the compressive strength of the tail wing and tailgate in the X direction, thus meeting the compressive strength requirements of the tailgate assembly 100 in the X direction. It can be understood that the first connecting hole 113 is an oblong hole, and the limiting pin is cylindrical, so that the limiting pin can achieve its limiting in different directions by different fits in different directions within the hole.

[0041] In one embodiment, there are multiple X-direction limiting pins, with adjacent X-direction limiting pins spaced apart in the Y-direction, wherein the Y-direction is perpendicular to both the X-direction and the Z-direction. In conjunction with the position of the first connecting hole 113, in this embodiment, the first connecting holes 113 located at both ends of the rear door sheet metal 110 in the Y-direction are positioned opposite the X-direction limiting pins, and are used to share part of the force on the tail wing in the X-direction.

[0042] In one embodiment, multiple limiting pins are provided, at least some of which are Y-direction limiting pins. The first connecting hole 113 is an oblong hole. Compared to other directions, the Y-direction limiting pins and the oblong hole are more tightly fitted in the Y direction. The Y direction is perpendicular to the X and Z directions, so that the Y-direction limiting pins can limit the back door sheet metal 110 and the main body 121 in the Y direction. It can be understood that the first connecting hole 113 is an oblong hole, and the limiting pin is cylindrical, so that the limiting pin can achieve its limiting in different directions by different fits in different directions within the hole.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the main body 121 has a plurality of mounting holes 1211 for connecting the back door sheet metal 110, correspondingly, as... Figure 3 As shown, the tailgate sheet metal 110 has fixing points 115 corresponding to the mounting holes 1211. In the actual structure, the fixing points 115 are the hole positions corresponding to the mounting holes 1211. For ease of illustration, the fixing points 115 are used in the illustration in this application. In this embodiment, each mounting hole 1211 is a threaded blind hole structure to prevent water from entering the vehicle compartment. The mounting holes 1211 are distributed to ensure a stable connection and distributed stress between the tailgate sheet metal 110 and the rear spoiler base 120.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a pre-fixing point 114 is provided between the tailgate sheet metal 110 and the rear wing base 120. There are multiple pre-fixing points 114, which are distributed in a dispersed manner. The tailgate sheet metal 110 and the rear wing base 120 are connected by snap-fit ​​at the pre-fixing point 114.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the back door assembly 100 further includes a linkage mechanism 150, which is connected to the main body 121. The main body 121 is provided with linkage mounting points 1212 aligned with the linkage mechanism 150. In this embodiment, there are two linkage mechanisms 150, which are symmetrically connected to the main body 121, and the main body 121 is provided with linkage mounting points 1212 aligned with the two linkage mechanisms.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the back door assembly 100 also includes a motor (not shown), which is connected to the main body 121, and the main body 121 is provided with a motor mounting point 1213 that is aligned with the motor to facilitate the fixed connection of the motor.

[0047] like Figure 6As shown, in one embodiment, the tailgate assembly 100 further includes a tailgate trim panel 140, which is fixedly connected to the tail wing base 120. The tailgate trim panel 140 is provided with a plurality of spaced limiting ribs 141. At least one limiting rib 141 is tightly fitted with the tail wing base 120 in the X direction, and at least one limiting rib 141 is tightly fitted with the tail wing base 120 in the Y direction. The Y direction is perpendicular to the X and Z directions, so as to limit the tail wing base 120 through the limiting ribs 141, so that the tailgate trim panel 140 can bear the force of the tail wing in both the X and Y directions.

[0048] In this embodiment, the limiting rib 141 is a cross rib, and the tail wing base 120 is provided with a limiting hole 1214 that is adapted to the limiting rib 141. The limiting rib 141 is partially inserted into the limiting hole 1214, and at least one limiting rib 141 is tightly fitted with the limiting hole 1214 in the X direction, and at least one limiting rib 141 is tightly fitted with the limiting hole 1214 in the Y direction.

[0049] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, there are three limiting ribs 141, and correspondingly, there are also three limiting holes 1214. For example, the limiting ribs 141 acting on both ends of the tail wing base 120 in the Y direction are tightly fitted with the tail wing base 120 in the X direction, while the limiting rib 141 acting on the center position of the tail wing base 120 is tightly fitted with the tail wing base 120 in the Y direction.

[0050] like Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of separately arranged snap-fit ​​points 142 are also included between the tailgate trim panel 140 and the rear wing base 120, and the tailgate trim panel 140 is snapped to the rear wing base 120. In this embodiment, a plurality of separately arranged fastening points 143 are also included between the tailgate trim panel 140 and the rear wing base 120, and the tailgate trim panel 140 is fixedly connected to the rear wing base 120 by fasteners such as screws.

[0051] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0052] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rear door assembly, characterized in that, The rear door assembly includes: The back door sheet metal has a first connecting surface and a second connecting surface that is angled to the first connecting surface; and The rear wing base includes a main body and an extension connected to each other. The main body is connected to the first connecting surface of the tailgate sheet metal. The extension extends from the main body along the Z direction to at least partially conform to the second connecting surface in the X direction, and the portion of the extension conforming to the second connecting surface is fastened to the second connecting surface in the X direction, wherein the X direction is perpendicular to the Z direction.

2. The rear door assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first fastener, which is arranged along the X direction and fastens the extension and the portion of the back door sheet metal having the second connecting surface to each other.

3. The rear door assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The back door sheet metal also includes at least one first connecting hole disposed on the first connecting surface, and the back door assembly also includes a limiting pin fixedly connected to the main body, the limiting pin being inserted into the first connecting hole and the limiting pin being disposed along the Z direction.

4. The rear door assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting pins are provided in multiple ways, and at least some of the limiting pins are X-direction limiting pins. The first connecting hole is an oblong hole. Compared with other directions, the X-direction limiting pins and the oblong hole are more tightly fitted in the X direction.

5. The rear door assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of X-direction limiting pins is multiple, and adjacent X-direction limiting pins are spaced apart in the Y direction, wherein the Y direction is perpendicular to the X and Z directions.

6. The rear door assembly according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The limiting pins are provided in multiple ways, and at least some of the limiting pins are Y-direction limiting pins. The first connecting hole is an oblong hole. Compared with other directions, the Y-direction limiting pins and the oblong hole are more tightly fitted in the Y direction. The Y direction is perpendicular to the X and Z directions.

7. The rear door assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body has multiple mounting holes for connecting the back door sheet metal. Each mounting hole is a threaded blind hole structure, and the mounting holes are distributed in a dispersed manner.

8. The rear door assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tailgate assembly also includes a tailgate trim panel, which is fixedly connected to the tail wing base. The tailgate trim panel is provided with a plurality of spaced limiting ribs. At least one of the limiting ribs is tightly fitted to the tail wing base in the X direction, and at least one of the limiting ribs is tightly fitted to the tail wing base in the Y direction. The Y direction is perpendicular to the X and Z directions.

9. The rear door assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail fin base is made of magnesium alloy.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the rear door assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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