Aluminum electrolytic capacitor with high safety performance
By incorporating separators and explosion-proof designs into aluminum electrolytic capacitors, along with rubber plugs and vents, the problems of pressure rise and dielectric breakdown caused by high temperature and overvoltage in traditional aluminum electrolytic capacitors have been solved, thus improving safety performance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520402500.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional aluminum electrolytic capacitors are prone to gas generation due to the decomposition of the internal electrolyte under high temperature and overvoltage conditions, which can lead to increased pressure, bulging, and explosion. Furthermore, the dielectric layer is easily broken down, resulting in short circuits and posing risks of equipment failure and fire.
The shell is divided into a pressure relief chamber and a capacitor chamber by a partition, and explosion-proof grooves are set on the partition. Combined with the design of rubber plugs and exhaust ports, as well as a graphene-based thermally conductive and flame-retardant coating, safe gas discharge and temperature control are achieved.
It effectively prevents capacitors from bulging or bursting due to excessive pressure, protects surrounding electronic components, reduces the probability of equipment failure and safety accidents, and prevents the spread of fire.
Smart Images
Figure CN223927220U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of capacitor technology, and more specifically to an aluminum electrolytic capacitor with high safety performance. Background Technology
[0002] Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are commonly used energy storage and filtering components in electronic circuits, and are widely used in various electronic products such as power supplies, computer motherboards, and communication equipment. However, traditional aluminum electrolytic capacitors have gradually revealed some safety hazards during long-term use.
[0003] On the one hand, under high-temperature conditions, the chemical stability of the electrolyte inside aluminum electrolytic capacitors deteriorates, making them prone to decomposition reactions and the generation of gas. As gas accumulates, the internal pressure of the capacitor rises sharply. If this pressure is not released effectively and promptly, the capacitor casing may bulge or even burst, causing physical damage to surrounding electronic components, severely affecting the normal operation of the entire electronic product, and potentially leading to equipment malfunctions or even safety accidents. On the other hand, the dielectric layer of existing aluminum electrolytic capacitors is easily broken down under overvoltage impacts. Once breakdown occurs, the capacitor instantly loses its capacitive properties and becomes short-circuited. This not only prevents the circuit from functioning properly, but the short-circuit current may also cause localized overheating of the circuit board, potentially leading to a fire risk. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-safety aluminum electrolytic capacitor that prevents the capacitor from bulging and bursting due to excessive pressure, protects surrounding electronic components, and reduces the probability of equipment failure and safety accidents.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0006] A high-safety aluminum electrolytic capacitor includes a housing, within which a partition is provided, dividing the housing into a pressure relief chamber and a capacitor chamber from top to bottom. A capacitor element is placed within the capacitor chamber, and an anode lead and a cathode lead are connected to the capacitor element. The anode and cathode leads extend to the outer bottom of the housing. An explosion-proof texture is formed on the upper surface of the partition. An exhaust port is formed at the top of the pressure relief chamber, and a rubber plug is slidably disposed at the exhaust port. The rubber plug has a vent hole. A thermally conductive and flame-retardant coating is applied to the outer wall of the housing.
[0007] Furthermore, the rubber plug has an "I" shaped structure, and an annular boss is fixedly provided on the inner side of the vent, with the annular boss located between the two ends of the rubber plug.
[0008] Further, the thickness of the partition plate and the shell is consistent, and the partition plate and the shell are made of aluminum material, the explosion-proof pattern is cross-shaped, and the depth of the explosion-proof pattern is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the thickness of the partition plate.
[0009] Further, the exhaust port is arranged staggered with the explosion-proof pattern.
[0010] Further, the heat-conducting and fire-retardant coating is a graphene-based fire-retardant coating.
[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0012] The present application separates the shell into a pressure relief cavity and a capacitor cavity by arranging a partition plate in the shell, when the capacitor element in the capacitor cavity is decomposed by high temperature, overvoltage and other abnormal conditions to produce gas, and the pressure in the capacitor cavity is sharply increased, the explosion-proof pattern on the partition plate is cracked to connect the capacitor cavity and the pressure relief cavity, and the gas enters the pressure relief cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the present application;
[0014] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged schematic view of A in figure 1;
[0015] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the partition plate in the present application.
[0016] 1, shell; 101, pressure relief cavity; 102, capacitor cavity; 103, exhaust port; 2, partition plate; 201, explosion-proof pattern; 3, capacitor element; 4, anode lead; 5, cathode lead; 6, rubber plug; 601, air hole; 7, annular boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] For example, Figures 1 to 3As shown, a high-safety aluminum electrolytic capacitor includes a housing 1. A partition 2 is provided inside the housing 1, which divides the housing 1 into a pressure relief chamber 101 and a capacitor chamber 102 from top to bottom. A capacitor element 3 is placed in the capacitor chamber 102. An anode lead 4 and a cathode lead 5 are connected to the capacitor element 3. The anode lead 4 and the cathode lead 5 extend to the outer side of the bottom of the housing 1. An explosion-proof texture 201 is formed on the upper surface of the partition 2. An exhaust port 103 is formed on the top of the pressure relief chamber 101. A rubber plug 6 is slidably disposed at the exhaust port 103. A vent hole 601 is formed on the rubber plug 6. A thermally conductive and flame-retardant coating is coated on the outer wall of the housing 1.
[0018] A partition 2 is installed inside the housing 1 to divide it into a pressure relief chamber 101 and a capacitor chamber 102. When the capacitor element 3 in the capacitor chamber 102 decomposes the electrolyte due to abnormal conditions such as high temperature or overvoltage, generating gas and causing a sharp increase in pressure inside the capacitor chamber 102, the explosion-proof groove 201 on the partition 2 will crack, allowing the capacitor chamber 102 to connect with the pressure relief chamber 101, and the gas will enter the pressure relief chamber 101. At the same time, the rubber plug 6 at the exhaust port 103 at the top of the pressure relief chamber 101 can slide under pressure, and the rubber plug 6 is provided with a vent hole 601, which can discharge gas from the housing 1, preventing the capacitor chamber 102 from bulging and bursting due to excessive pressure, protecting surrounding electronic components, and reducing the probability of equipment failure and safety accidents.
[0019] The rubber plug 6 has an "I"-shaped structure. An annular protrusion 7 is fixedly provided on the inner side of the exhaust port 103. The annular protrusion 7 is located between the two ends of the rubber plug 6. The annular protrusion 7 limits the rubber plug 6. Under normal circumstances, the rubber plug 6 can be stably placed at the exhaust port 103 to prevent it from accidentally falling off or shifting. When the pressure in the capacitor cavity 102 increases and the explosion-proof groove 201 cracks, and the gas pushes the rubber plug 6, the annular protrusion 7 can ensure that the rubber plug 6 slides within a certain range, so that it will not completely detach from the exhaust port 103. At this time, the top of the rubber plug 6 will have obvious displacement, which makes it easy to see from the outside that the partition 2 has broken, so that the capacitor can be replaced in time.
[0020] The partition 2 and the shell 1 have the same thickness and are both made of aluminum. The explosion-proof groove 201 is cross-shaped and the depth of the explosion-proof groove 201 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the partition 2. This allows the explosion-proof groove 201 to crack accurately when the pressure in the capacitor cavity 102 reaches a specific threshold, thus achieving reliable communication between the capacitor cavity 102 and the pressure relief cavity 101.
[0021] The exhaust port 103 is staggered with the explosion-proof pattern 201; when the explosion-proof pattern 201 is cracked, the gas is not directly and high-speedly rushed to the exhaust port 103, so that the local pressure of the exhaust port 103 is not instantaneously too large; the local pressure concentration may cause damage to the structure of the exhaust port 103 and the part of the shell 1 connected with the exhaust port 103, such as deformation, rupture and the like of the exhaust port 103, thereby affecting the normal performance of pressure relief.
[0022] The heat-conducting and flame-retardant coating is a graphene-based flame-retardant coating; the heat-conducting and flame-retardant coating can rapidly conduct the heat generated in the capacitor due to chemical reactions of electrolyte and the like to the outside of the shell 1, and then dissipate to the surrounding environment, so as to effectively reduce the temperature in the capacitor, slow down the decomposition speed of the electrolyte, reduce the generation amount of gas and reduce the risk of internal pressure rise; when the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is subjected to overvoltage impact, the dielectric layer is broken down and then becomes a short-circuit state, a large amount of short-circuit current is generated, the circuit board is locally overheated, and even a fire may be caused; when high temperature or open flame is encountered, the heat-conducting and flame-retardant coating can form a heat-insulating and flame-retardant barrier to prevent the flame from spreading to the inside of the capacitor and prevent the fire from further expanding.
[0023] The basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model are shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, the above-mentioned embodiments and the description in the specification are only preferred examples of the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model, various changes and improvements of the utility model can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the utility model claimed. The protection scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A high-safety-performance aluminum electrolytic capacitor, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1), and a partition (2) is provided inside the housing (1). The partition (2) divides the housing (1) into a pressure relief chamber (101) and a capacitor chamber (102) from top to bottom. A capacitor element (3) is placed in the capacitor chamber (102). An anode lead (4) and a cathode lead (5) are connected to the capacitor element (3). The anode lead (4) and the cathode lead (5) extend to the outer side of the bottom of the housing (1). An explosion-proof texture (201) is provided on the upper surface of the partition (2). An exhaust port (103) is provided at the top of the pressure relief chamber (101). A rubber plug (6) is slidably provided at the exhaust port (103). A vent hole (601) is provided on the rubber plug (6). A thermally conductive and flame-retardant coating is applied to the outer wall of the housing (1).
2. The high-safety-performance aluminum electrolytic capacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber plug (6) has an "I" shaped structure, and an annular boss (7) is fixedly provided on the inner side of the exhaust port (103). The annular boss (7) is located between the two ends of the rubber plug (6).
3. The high-safety-performance aluminum electrolytic capacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The partition (2) and the shell (1) have the same thickness and are both made of aluminum. The explosion-proof pattern (201) is cross-shaped and the depth of the explosion-proof pattern (201) is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the partition (2).
4. The high-safety-performance aluminum electrolytic capacitor as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust port (103) is offset from the explosion-proof pattern (201).
5. The high-safety-performance aluminum electrolytic capacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The thermally conductive and flame-retardant coating is a graphene-based flame-retardant coating.