Mining area power supply monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model provides a mining area power supply monitoring system, and belongs to the technical field of power supply monitoring. The mining area power supply monitoring system comprises a voltage monitoring module, a main control module and a voltage control module, the voltage monitoring module comprises a thermistor RT1, a triode Q1, a voltage sensor V1, an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R1, a thermistor RT2 and a resistor R2; the first end of the RT1 is connected with a power supply VCC, and the second end of the RT1 is connected with the base electrode of the Q1; the emitter of the Q1 is connected with a power supply VCC, and the collector of the Q1 is connected with the input end of the V1; the output end of the V1 is connected with the in-phase input end of the U1, and the grounding end of the V1 is grounded; the inverted input end of the U1 is connected with the first end of the R1, the first end of the RT2 and the first end of the R2, and the output end of the U1 is connected with the second end of the R2, the main control module and the voltage control module. The second end of the RT2 is grounded; and the second end of the R1 is connected with the VCC. The power supply voltage monitoring accuracy of the mining area power supply monitoring system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of power supply monitoring technology, and in particular to a power supply monitoring system for mining areas. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of mining scale and the gradual improvement of automation, the number of various electrical equipment in mining areas is increasing, and the requirements for power supply stability, reliability, and safety are becoming more stringent. However, in the complex mining environment, due to the complex and changeable environment, power supply monitoring equipment is easily affected by the environment, leading to problems such as inaccurate power supply voltage monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0003] This disclosure provides a power supply monitoring system for mining areas to address the problem of low accuracy in monitoring power supply voltage in such systems.

[0004] This disclosure provides a power supply monitoring system for a mining area, including: a voltage monitoring module, a main control module, and a voltage control module.

[0005] The voltage monitoring module is configured to monitor the power supply of the mining area. The voltage monitoring module is connected to the main control module, the voltage monitoring module is connected to the first terminal of the voltage control module, and the second terminal of the voltage control module is connected to the power supply of the mining area.

[0006] The voltage monitoring module includes: thermistor RT1, transistor Q1, voltage sensor V1, operational amplifier U1, resistor R1, thermistor RT2, and resistor R2.

[0007] The first terminal of the thermistor RT1 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the second terminal of the thermistor RT1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1.

[0008] The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the input terminal of voltage sensor V1.

[0009] The output terminal of voltage sensor V1 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1, and the ground terminal of voltage sensor V1 is used for grounding.

[0010] The inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R1, the first terminal of thermistor RT2, and the first terminal of resistor R2, respectively. The output terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R2, the main control module, and the voltage control module, respectively.

[0011] The second terminal of the thermistor RT2 is used for grounding. The second terminal of resistor R1 is used for connection to the power supply VCC.

[0012] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the voltage monitoring module further includes:

[0013] Resistor R3 and capacitor C1.

[0014] The first end of resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of operational amplifier U1.

[0015] The first terminal of capacitor C1 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R3, and the second terminal of capacitor C1 is used for grounding.

[0016] The second end of resistor R3 is connected to the main control module and the voltage control module, respectively.

[0017] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the voltage control module includes:

[0018] Operational amplifier U2, diode Q2, operational amplifier U3, diode Q3, XOR gate H1, transistor Q5, first relay K1, switch K2, and boost circuit.

[0019] The non-inverting input of op-amp U2 is connected to the second end of resistor R3, the inverting input of op-amp U2 is used to receive the first reference voltage Vref1, and the output of op-amp U2 is connected to the first end of diode Q2.

[0020] The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U3 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R3, and the inverting input of operational amplifier U3 is used to receive the second reference voltage Vref2. The output of operational amplifier U3 is connected to the first terminal of diode Q3. The first reference voltage Vref1 is less than the second reference voltage Vref2.

[0021] The second terminal of diode Q2 is connected to the first input terminal of XOR gate H1, the second terminal of diode Q3 is connected to the second input terminal of XOR gate H1, and the output terminal of XOR gate H1 is connected to the base of transistor Q5.

[0022] The collector of transistor Q5 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the emitter of transistor Q5 is connected to the first terminal of the first relay K1.

[0023] The second terminal of the first relay K1 is used for grounding, the third terminal of the first relay K1 is used for connection to the mine power supply VKK, the fourth terminal of the first relay K1 is connected to the first terminal of the switch K2, and the fifth terminal of the first relay K1 is connected to the input terminal of the boost circuit.

[0024] The second terminal of switch K2 is used to connect to the load equipment in the mining area. The output terminal of the boost circuit is also used to connect to the load equipment in the mining area. Switch K2 is controlled by the main control module.

[0025] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the voltage control module further includes:

[0026] Operational amplifier U4, diode Q4, second relay K3, AND gate H2, and step-down circuit.

[0027] The non-inverting input of op-amp U4 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R3, the inverting input of op-amp U4 is used to receive the first reference voltage Vref1, and the output of op-amp U4 is connected to the first terminal of diode Q4.

[0028] The second terminal of diode Q3 is connected to the first input terminal of AND gate H2, and the second terminal of diode Q4 is connected to the second input terminal of AND gate H2.

[0029] The output of AND gate H2 is connected to the base of transistor Q6.

[0030] The collector of transistor Q6 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the emitter of transistor Q6 is connected to the first terminal of the second relay K2.

[0031] The second terminal of the second relay K2 is used for grounding, the third terminal of the second relay K2 is used for connection to the mine power supply VKK, the fourth terminal of the second relay K2 is connected to the first terminal of the switch K2, and the fifth terminal of the second relay K2 is connected to the input terminal of the step-down circuit.

[0032] The output of the step-down circuit is used to connect to the load equipment in the mining area.

[0033] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, it further includes:

[0034] Dust monitoring module.

[0035] The dust monitoring module is connected to the main control module. The dust monitoring module is configured to monitor dust data from the mine's power supply equipment.

[0036] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the dust monitoring module includes:

[0037] Dust concentration sensor and particle size distribution sensor.

[0038] Both the dust concentration sensor and the particle size distribution sensor are connected to the main control module.

[0039] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the mine power supply monitoring system further includes:

[0040] Wireless communication module and display module.

[0041] The main control module is connected to the display module.

[0042] The main control module connects to an external terminal via a wireless communication module.

[0043] In one exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the mine power supply monitoring system further includes:

[0044] Alarm module.

[0045] The alarm module is connected to the main control module.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the mine power supply monitoring system provided in this embodiment are as follows:

[0047] This disclosure provides two voltage compensation methods for voltage sensors. Utilizing the cooperation of a thermistor RT1 and a PNP transistor Q1, the current is adjusted to effectively compensate for the voltage drop in voltage sensor V1 caused by temperature increases when the ambient temperature rises. This compensation ensures stable operation of voltage sensor V1 and improves monitoring accuracy. A voltage divider circuit composed of thermistor RT2 and resistors R1 and R2 allows the reference voltage at the inverting input of operational amplifier U1 to adjust synchronously with temperature changes. This avoids inaccurate voltage monitoring values ​​due to temperature variations, preventing operational amplifier U1 from outputting erroneous signals and indirectly correcting voltage deviations, thus improving voltage monitoring accuracy.

[0048] The output change of operational amplifier U1 forms a feedback loop, which can adjust the input current of voltage sensor V1 by changing the conduction state of transistor Q1, thereby compensating for its output voltage, reducing voltage monitoring errors caused by temperature changes, enhancing system stability and reliability, and ensuring the stable operation of the power supply system in the mining area. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a power supply monitoring system for a mining area provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply monitoring system for a mining area provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this solution, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this solution will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this solution, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this solution, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this solution.

[0053] The term "comprising" and any other variations thereof in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention mean "including but not limited to," and are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, not limited to the examples listed herein. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0054] The implementation of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the specific accompanying drawings:

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply monitoring system for a mining area, provided as an embodiment of this disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The power supply monitoring system in the mining area includes: a voltage monitoring module, a main control module, and a voltage control module.

[0056] The voltage monitoring module is configured to monitor the power supply of the mining area. The voltage monitoring module is connected to the main control module, the voltage monitoring module is connected to the first terminal of the voltage control module, and the second terminal of the voltage control module is connected to the power supply of the mining area.

[0057] The voltage monitoring module includes: thermistor RT1, transistor Q1, voltage sensor V1, operational amplifier U1, resistor R1, thermistor RT2, and resistor R2.

[0058] The first terminal of the thermistor RT1 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the second terminal of the thermistor RT1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1.

[0059] The emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to the power supply VCC, and the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to the input terminal of voltage sensor V1.

[0060] The output terminal of voltage sensor V1 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1, and the ground terminal of voltage sensor V1 is used for grounding.

[0061] The inverting input terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the first terminal of resistor R1, the first terminal of thermistor RT2, and the first terminal of resistor R2, respectively. The output terminal of operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R2, the main control module, and the voltage control module, respectively.

[0062] The second terminal of the thermistor RT2 is used for grounding. The second terminal of resistor R1 is used for connection to the power supply VCC.

[0063] In this embodiment, thermistor RT1 is a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor, and thermistor RT2 is a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor. The power supply VCC is a DC power supply used to power the voltage sensor V1. The voltage sensor V1 is installed on the power supply line at the output terminal of the mine power supply and is used to monitor the voltage at the output terminal of the mine power supply. The mine power supply is a DC power supply. The voltage sensor V1 is a semiconductor-based voltage sensor or a thermistor-based voltage sensor; the internal resistance of the voltage sensor V1 decreases as the temperature increases. Transistor Q1 is a PNP transistor.

[0064] In this embodiment, the thermistor RT1 is a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermistor, connected between the power supply VCC and the base of transistor Q1. When the ambient temperature increases, the resistance of the thermistor RT1 increases. According to Ohm's law, I = ... (Where I is current, V is voltage, and R is resistance), since the voltage of the power supply VCC is constant, as the resistance of the thermistor RT1 increases, the current through the thermistor RT1... It will decrease. For PNP transistor Q1, based on its characteristics, the base current... Decrease.

[0065] When the base current When the current decreases, for the PNP transistor Q1, its collector current... The internal resistance of voltage sensor V1 increases when the ambient temperature rises. Without the thermistor RT1 and transistor Q1, the operating voltage of voltage sensor V1 would decrease. However, with the thermistor RT1 and transistor Q1 in this embodiment, the collector current of transistor Q1 increases. Increase, that is, the current of voltage sensor V1 This increases the voltage, thereby improving the operating voltage of the voltage sensor V1 and compensating for the operating voltage of the voltage sensor V1.

[0066] In this embodiment, the inverting input of operational amplifier U1 is connected to a voltage divider circuit consisting of resistor R1, thermistor RT2, and resistor R2. Thermistor RT2 is a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor; its resistance decreases as the ambient temperature increases. According to the voltage divider formula:

[0067]

[0068] in, This is the resistance value of the thermistor RT2. This is the resistance value of resistor R2. It is the resistance value of resistor R1.

[0069] The reference voltage V at the inverting input decreases as temperature increases. Operational amplifier U1 compares the signal from voltage sensor V1 at the non-inverting input and the reference voltage V at the inverting input. When the voltage signal output by voltage sensor V1 is greater than the reference voltage, operational amplifier U1 outputs a high level. When the voltage signal output by voltage sensor V1 is less than or equal to the reference voltage, operational amplifier U1 outputs a low level.

[0070] In this embodiment, when the temperature rises, the voltage output by the voltage sensor V1 decreases, meaning the monitored voltage data is lower than the actual value. The inverting input of operational amplifier U1 is connected to a voltage divider circuit consisting of resistor R1, thermistor RT2, and resistor R2. This voltage divider circuit is connected to the inverting input of operational amplifier U1. According to the voltage divider formula for series resistors... = (in yes The partial voltage value, It is the power supply voltage. It is partial resistance. (This is the total resistance).

[0071] The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U1 receives the output voltage from voltage sensor V1, which decreases as the temperature rises. The inverting input, however, receives the voltage from the thermistor RT2 due to its resistance. As the voltage decreases, the voltage at the inverting input also decreases.

[0072] For example, as the temperature rises, the resistance value of the thermistor RT2 decreases, affecting the total resistance. = + middle, Become smaller, making Reduce. At the same time. exist The proportion of voltage in the voltage sensor V1 will also decrease, resulting in a lower voltage drop in the voltage divider circuit. Therefore, the reference voltage at the inverting input of op-amp U1 will decrease. By experimentally selecting a suitable thermistor RT2, it can be ensured that when the voltage output by voltage sensor V1 decreases, the reference voltage at the inverting input of op-amp U1 decreases synchronously, achieving indirect correction of the monitored voltage deviation and avoiding the problem of inaccurate voltage monitoring values ​​causing erroneous output signals from op-amp U1.

[0073] For example, if the output voltage of voltage sensor V1 is greater than the voltage at the inverting input of comparator U1, as the temperature rises, the output voltage of voltage sensor V1 may become equal to or less than the voltage at the inverting input of comparator U1. In this case, the output level of comparator U1 will change (from high level to low level or vice versa). Thermistor RT2, together with resistors R1 and R2, forms a voltage divider circuit connected to the inverting input of comparator U1. When the temperature rises, the resistance of thermistor RT2 decreases. According to the voltage divider principle, the voltage divided by thermistor RT2 in the voltage divider circuit will decrease, causing the voltage at the inverting input of comparator U1 to decrease accordingly. When compared with the reduced output voltage of voltage sensor V1 due to temperature rise in comparator U1, it prompts comparator U1 to output an accurate signal, triggering the compensation mechanism for the voltage sensor output voltage. This allows the entire circuit to automatically adjust the output voltage of the voltage sensor according to temperature changes, maintaining the accuracy of voltage monitoring.

[0074] For example, the output change of comparator U1 can be fed back to other parts of the circuit, forming a feedback loop. By changing the conduction state of transistor Q1, the input current of voltage sensor V1 is adjusted, thereby compensating for the output voltage of voltage sensor V1 to some extent.

[0075] For example, if the output of comparator U1 reduces the base current of transistor Q1, it may reduce the collector current of transistor Q1. Depending on the characteristics of the transistor and the circuit connection, this will affect the input current of voltage sensor V1, and thus affect the operating voltage of voltage sensor V1, causing its output voltage to be adjusted to a normal level. This can reduce the voltage monitoring error caused by temperature changes to a certain extent.

[0076] As can be seen from the above, this embodiment provides two voltage compensation methods for voltage sensors. By utilizing the thermistor RT1 and the PNP transistor Q1, the current is adjusted to effectively compensate for the voltage drop in voltage sensor V1 caused by temperature increase when the ambient temperature rises. This compensates for the voltage drop of voltage sensor V1, ensuring stable operation and improving monitoring accuracy. The voltage divider circuit composed of thermistor RT2 and resistors R1 and R2 allows the reference voltage at the inverting input of operational amplifier U1 to adjust synchronously with temperature changes, avoiding inaccurate voltage monitoring values ​​due to temperature influences. This prevents operational amplifier U1 from outputting erroneous signals and indirectly corrects deviations in the monitored voltage.

[0077] The output change of operational amplifier U1 forms a feedback loop, which can adjust the input current of voltage sensor V1 by changing the conduction state of transistor Q1, thereby compensating for its output voltage, reducing voltage monitoring errors caused by temperature changes, enhancing system stability and reliability, and ensuring the stable operation of the power supply system in the mining area.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the voltage monitoring module further includes:

[0079] Resistor R3 and capacitor C1.

[0080] The first end of resistor R3 is connected to the output terminal of operational amplifier U1.

[0081] The first terminal of capacitor C1 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R3, and the second terminal of capacitor C1 is used for grounding.

[0082] The second end of resistor R3 is connected to the main control module and the voltage control module, respectively.

[0083] In this embodiment, when the output signal of operational amplifier U1 changes, resistor R3 limits the current magnitude, preventing excessive current from damaging subsequent circuits (such as capacitor C1). According to Ohm's law, the resistance value of resistor R3 determines the magnitude of the current flowing through the output terminal of comparator U1, thus protecting subsequent circuits. Resistor R3 can also attenuate the output signal of operational amplifier U1 to some extent, preventing excessive signal amplitude from adversely affecting subsequent circuits. Based on the principle of resistor voltage division, the resistance value of resistor R3 affects the signal amplitude received by subsequent circuits; the signal strength can be adjusted by changing the resistance value of resistor R3 according to actual needs.

[0084] One end of capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of resistor R3, and the other end is grounded. Capacitor C1 mainly serves as a low-pass filter. When the output signal of operational amplifier U1 contains high-frequency noise or fluctuations, capacitor C1 and resistor R3 form an RC low-pass filter circuit. For high-frequency signals, the capacitive reactance of capacitor C1 is relatively small, and the high-frequency signal will be bypassed to ground, thereby making the output signal smoother and reducing noise and ripple.

[0085] Capacitor C1 stores charge, thus stabilizing the voltage. When the output signal of comparator U1 changes, capacitor C1 charges or discharges, making the transition of the output signal smoother, avoiding sudden voltage changes, and improving the stability and reliability of the circuit.

[0086] In this embodiment, resistor R3 limits the current, protecting subsequent circuits, and also adjusts the signal strength to prevent excessive signal amplitude. Capacitor C1 forms a low-pass filter circuit, filtering out high-frequency noise and smoothing the signal. Capacitor C1 can also store charge to stabilize the voltage, making signal transitions smoother and enhancing circuit stability and reliability.

[0087] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the voltage control module includes:

[0088] Operational amplifier U2, diode Q2, operational amplifier U3, diode Q3, XOR gate H1, transistor Q5, first relay K1, switch K2, and boost circuit.

[0089] The non-inverting input of op-amp U2 is connected to the second end of resistor R3, the inverting input of op-amp U2 is used to receive the first reference voltage Vref1, and the output of op-amp U2 is connected to the first end of diode Q2.

[0090] The non-inverting input of operational amplifier U3 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R3, and the inverting input of operational amplifier U3 is used to receive the second reference voltage Vref2. The output of operational amplifier U3 is connected to the first terminal of diode Q3. The first reference voltage Vref1 is less than the second reference voltage Vref2.

[0091] The second terminal of diode Q2 is connected to the first input terminal of XOR gate H1, the second terminal of diode Q3 is connected to the second input terminal of XOR gate H1, and the output terminal of XOR gate H1 is connected to the base of transistor Q5.

[0092] The collector of transistor Q5 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the emitter of transistor Q5 is connected to the first terminal of the first relay K1.

[0093] The second terminal of the first relay K1 is used for grounding, the third terminal of the first relay K1 is used for connection to the mine power supply VKK, the fourth terminal of the first relay K1 is connected to the first terminal of the switch K2, and the fifth terminal of the first relay K1 is connected to the input terminal of the boost circuit.

[0094] The second terminal of switch K2 is used to connect to the load equipment in the mining area. The output terminal of the boost circuit is also used to connect to the load equipment in the mining area. Switch K2 is controlled by the main control module.

[0095] In this embodiment, operational amplifiers U2 and U3 can be general-purpose comparator chips, such as LM339 or LM393. Both operational amplifiers U2 and U3 are positioned between the output terminal of resistor R3 and the reference voltage source, comparing the voltage signal output by resistor R3 with the reference voltage.

[0096] Operational amplifier U2 compares the output voltage of resistor R3 with the first reference voltage Vref1, and operational amplifier U3 compares the output voltage of resistor R3 with the second reference voltage Vref2. This comparison is used to determine the range of the output voltage of resistor R3 and monitor the voltage status of the power supply system. Diodes Q2 and Q3 are connected to the output terminals of operational amplifiers U2 and U3 respectively, serving as signal isolation and unidirectional conduction. When the comparator outputs a high level, the diodes conduct, transmitting the high-level signal to the XOR gate. When the output is low, the diodes are cut off, preventing reverse current interference to subsequent circuits.

[0097] XOR gate H1 receives signals from diodes Q2 and Q3 and processes them through an XOR operation. When the output levels of U2 and U3 are different (i.e., the output voltage of resistor R3 is between Vref1 and Vref2), a high level is output. When the output levels of U2 and U3 are the same, a low level is output, thus implementing the logic for monitoring the voltage range. Transistor Q5 is an NPN transistor. Based on the output signal of XOR gate H1, the conduction or cutoff of transistor Q5 can be controlled, thereby controlling the operating state of the first relay K1.

[0098] The first relay K1 is an electromagnetic relay with a multi-contact structure, connected to the mine power supply VKK, switch K2, and boost circuit. Based on the control signal from transistor Q5, different power supply paths can be switched. For example, power can be supplied directly to the mine load via switch K2 (open or closed), or the power supply VKK can be boosted by the boost circuit before supplying power to the mine load. The main control module can control the opening and closing state of switch K2. Switch K2 connects the first relay K1 and the mine load, providing a direct power supply path and enabling simple power supply control.

[0099] In this embodiment, the output signal of the XOR gate H1 controls the conduction or cutoff of the transistor Q5. If the XOR gate H1 outputs a high level, the transistor Q5 conducts, causing the relay K1 to engage. Conversely, the transistor Q5 is cut off, and the relay K1 is released. When the relay K1 is engaged, the mine power supply VKK can be directly supplied to the load equipment through the switch K2, or the power can be supplied after being boosted by the boost circuit, depending on the actual situation.

[0100] For example, when the output voltage at the second terminal of resistor R3 is less than the first reference voltage Vref1 and the second reference voltage Vref2, i.e., the output voltage is too low, the output signals of diodes Q2 and Q3 are both low. After passing through the XOR gate H1, the output signal is low, which connects the contact of the first relay K1 to the switch K2. At this time, switch K2 is open, and the power supply VKK stops supplying power to the load equipment in the mining area. This avoids damage to the power supply equipment or the load equipment due to excessive undervoltage.

[0101] For example, when the output voltage at the second terminal of resistor R3 is greater than the first reference voltage Vref1 and less than the second reference voltage Vref2, that is, the output voltage is slightly lower than the required voltage but not lower than the first reference voltage Vref1, it is within the normal fluctuation range. At this time, the output signal of diode Q2 is high level, and the output signal of diode Q3 is low level. After passing through the XOR gate H1, a high level is output. Then, the contacts of the first relay K1 are connected to the boost circuit, and the power supply VKK is boosted by the boost circuit to supply power to the load equipment in the mining area.

[0102] For example, when the output voltage at the second terminal of resistor R3 is greater than both the first reference voltage Vref1 and the second reference voltage Vref2, that is, the output voltage is higher than the required voltage, the output signal of diode Q2 is high, the output signal of diode Q3 is high, and after passing through XOR gate H1, the output is low. This controls the contacts of the first relay K1 to connect to switch K2. At this time, switch K2 is closed (controlled by the main control module), and the power supply VKK directly supplies power to the load equipment in the mining area.

[0103] In this embodiment, the boost circuit can be a DC-DC converter based on a boost topology. The boost circuit can increase the voltage of the mine power supply VKK to provide voltage compensation when the supply voltage is low, thus meeting the voltage requirements of the load equipment.

[0104] This embodiment monitors the voltage range using comparators and logic gates to determine the power supply voltage status and prevent equipment damage due to undervoltage. It automatically switches the power supply mode based on voltage conditions, activating the boost circuit during normal fluctuations to ensure stable operation of the load equipment. When the voltage is too high, it directly supplies power, optimizing power supply efficiency. This embodiment utilizes relays and switches to select appropriate power supply paths under different voltage conditions, avoiding damage to the power supply and load equipment from abnormal voltages and extending equipment lifespan. This embodiment can meet the different voltage requirements of various load equipment, improving the adaptability and reliability of the mining area power supply system.

[0105] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the voltage control module further includes:

[0106] Operational amplifier U4, diode Q4, second relay K3, AND gate H2, and step-down circuit.

[0107] The non-inverting input of op-amp U4 is connected to the second terminal of resistor R3, the inverting input of op-amp U4 is used to receive the first reference voltage Vref1, and the output of op-amp U4 is connected to the first terminal of diode Q4.

[0108] The second terminal of diode Q3 is connected to the first input terminal of AND gate H2, and the second terminal of diode Q4 is connected to the second input terminal of AND gate H2.

[0109] The output of AND gate H2 is connected to the base of transistor Q6.

[0110] The collector of transistor Q6 is connected to the power supply VDD, and the emitter of transistor Q6 is connected to the first terminal of the second relay K2.

[0111] The second terminal of the second relay K2 is used for grounding, the third terminal of the second relay K2 is used for connection to the mine power supply VKK, the fourth terminal of the second relay K2 is connected to the first terminal of the switch K2, and the fifth terminal of the second relay K2 is connected to the input terminal of the step-down circuit.

[0112] The output of the step-down circuit is used to connect to the load equipment in the mining area.

[0113] In this embodiment, transistor Q6 is an NPN transistor. The base of transistor Q6 is connected to the output of AND gate H2, the collector is connected to the power supply VDD, and the emitter is connected to the second relay K2. Based on the output signal of AND gate H2, the conduction or cutoff of transistor Q6 can be controlled, thereby controlling the operating state of the second relay K2. The second relay K2 is an electromagnetic relay with a multi-contact structure, connected to the mine power supply VKK, switch K2, and a step-down circuit. Based on the control signal of transistor Q6, different power supply paths can be switched. For example, power can be supplied directly to the mine load equipment via switch K2, or the power supply VKK can be stepped down by the step-down circuit before supplying power to the mine load equipment. The step-down circuit can be a DC-DC converter based on a Buck converter topology, with its input connected to the fifth terminal of the second relay K2 and its output connected to the mine load equipment. When needed, the step-down circuit reduces the voltage of the mine power supply VKK to meet the voltage stability requirements of the load equipment.

[0114] For example, operational amplifier U4 compares the voltage output from resistor R3 with a first reference voltage Vref1. When the voltage output from resistor R3 is greater than Vref1, operational amplifier U4 outputs a high level, and diode Q4 is turned on. Conversely, it outputs a low level, and diode Q4 is turned off. AND gate H2 receives the output signals from diodes Q3 and Q4, and outputs a high level only when both are high.

[0115] The output of AND gate H2 controls the conduction or cutoff of transistor Q6. When AND gate H2 outputs a high level, transistor Q6 conducts, causing the second relay K2 to engage. Conversely, when the output is low, transistor Q6 is cut off, and the second relay K2 is released. When the second relay K2 is engaged, the mine power supply VKK is either supplied to the load equipment through switch K2 or stepped down through a step-down circuit, depending on the actual situation.

[0116] For example, when the output voltage at the second terminal of resistor R3 is less than the first reference voltage Vref1 and the second reference voltage Vref2, both the third comparator Q3 and the fourth comparator Q4 output low-level signals, meaning that the output signals of diodes Q3 and Q4 are both low (representing that the output voltage of resistor R3 is too low). After processing by AND gate H2, a low-level signal is output. This low-level signal is transmitted to the base of transistor Q6, causing transistor Q6 to turn off, and thus the second relay K2 is released. At this time, the contacts of the second relay K2 are not connected to the step-down circuit, but to switch K2, and switch K2 is open. Power supply VKK stops supplying power to the load equipment in the mining area, preventing damage to the power supply equipment or load equipment due to excessive undervoltage.

[0117] For example, when the output voltage at the second terminal of resistor R3 is greater than the first reference voltage Vref1, operational amplifier U4 outputs a high level, diode Q4 conducts, and outputs a high-level signal. Simultaneously, the output voltage of resistor R3 is greater than the second reference voltage Vref2, and diode Q3 outputs a high-level signal. These two high-level output signals are input to AND gate H2, which then outputs a high level. This high-level signal turns on transistor Q6, energizing the second relay K2. The contacts of the second relay K2 are connected to a step-down circuit. Power supply VKK is stepped down by the step-down circuit to supply power to the load equipment in the mining area, meeting the needs of the load equipment under this condition where the voltage is slightly higher but still requires step-down.

[0118] For example, when the output voltage at the second terminal of resistor R3 is greater than the first reference voltage Vref1, operational amplifier U4 outputs a high level, diode Q4 conducts, and outputs a high-level signal. Diode Q3 outputs a low level, and the two output signals are input to AND gate H2, which outputs a low level. This low-level signal turns off transistor Q6, and the second relay K2 is released. The contacts of the second relay K2 are connected to switch K2, and switch K2 is closed, allowing power supply VKK to directly supply power to the load equipment in the mining area.

[0119] This embodiment uses comparators and logic gates to determine the voltage range, enabling accurate monitoring of different voltage conditions. It utilizes relays to switch the power supply mode based on voltage conditions, either directly supplying power or using a step-down circuit to ensure the load equipment receives the appropriate voltage. This embodiment can stop power supply in case of undervoltage and reduce power supply in case of overvoltage, preventing equipment damage, extending equipment lifespan, and ensuring a stable and reliable power supply system.

[0120] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the mine power supply monitoring system further includes:

[0121] Dust monitoring module.

[0122] The dust monitoring module is connected to the main control module. The dust monitoring module is configured to monitor dust data from the mine's power supply equipment.

[0123] In this embodiment, the dust monitoring module includes:

[0124] Dust concentration sensor and particle size distribution sensor.

[0125] Both the dust concentration sensor and the particle size distribution sensor are connected to the main control module.

[0126] In this embodiment, the dust concentration sensor can be an optical dust concentration sensor, consisting of a light source (such as an infrared light-emitting diode), an optical lens, a light receiver (such as a photodiode), and a signal processing circuit. The dust concentration sensor can be installed near power supply equipment in the mining area, such as ventilation openings or critical parts of distribution cabinets, transformers, etc., to accurately collect dust samples around the equipment. The dust concentration sensor is used to measure the concentration of dust in the air and within the power supply equipment.

[0127] The particle size distribution sensor can be a laser scattering type, mainly composed of a laser generator, lens group, detector array, and data processing unit. The particle size distribution sensor can be installed near the power supply equipment in the mining area, close to the dust concentration sensor, to ensure that dust data is collected from the same area. The particle size distribution sensor measures the particle size distribution of dust particles. When a laser beam shines on dust particles, it scatters light. Particles of different sizes produce scattered light at different angles. The detector array receives these scattered light signals, and the data processing unit calculates the particle size distribution of the dust particles based on the angle and intensity information of the scattered light, and transmits the data to the main control module.

[0128] The main control module may include a microcontroller (such as a single-chip microcomputer), data interface circuits, and storage units. On one hand, the main control module receives data from dust concentration sensors and particle size distribution sensors, and analyzes and processes it. On the other hand, the main control module can monitor the voltage signal at the second terminal of resistor R3, and combine dust data and voltage information to comprehensively determine the operating status of the mine's power supply equipment. Based on preset rules and thresholds, the main control module decides whether to operate switch K2 to adjust the power supply mode and ensure that the equipment operates under suitable conditions.

[0129] For example, the dust concentration sensor and particle size distribution sensor in the dust monitoring module monitor the dust conditions around the power supply equipment in the mining area in real time and transmit the data to the main control module. Simultaneously, the main control module acquires the voltage signal at the second terminal of resistor R3 to understand the power supply voltage. The main control module performs comprehensive analysis of the dust and voltage data. If the dust concentration is too high or the particle size distribution is abnormal, it determines, in conjunction with the voltage status, whether this will adversely affect the power supply equipment. For instance, when the dust concentration is too high and the voltage is abnormal, the main control module may control switch K2 to cut off the power supply to prevent damage to the equipment due to dust. Alternatively, when the dust conditions are relatively good but the voltage is abnormal, the main control module can adjust the state of switch K2 to change the power supply mode and ensure stable equipment operation.

[0130] This embodiment can monitor the dust concentration and particle size distribution of the power supply equipment in real time. Combined with voltage data, the main control module comprehensively judges the equipment's operating status. It can promptly detect potential risks and, in the event of abnormal dust or voltage, cut off or adjust the power supply through control switch K2, effectively protecting the equipment and ensuring the stable and safe operation of the mine's power supply system.

[0131] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the mine power supply monitoring system further includes:

[0132] Wireless communication module and display module.

[0133] The main control module is connected to the display module.

[0134] The main control module connects to an external terminal via a wireless communication module.

[0135] In this embodiment, the main control module can collect data from various sensors (such as voltage sensors, dust monitoring modules, etc.) and perform analysis and processing. The collected information is transmitted by the main control module to the display module and also sent to an external terminal via the wireless communication module.

[0136] For example, the display module may include a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a light-emitting diode display (LED). The display module is connected to the main control module, receives data from the main control module, and displays the operating parameters of the mine power supply equipment in an intuitive way (such as numbers, charts, etc.), such as voltage values, dust concentration, particle size distribution, etc., so that on-site personnel can view them in real time.

[0137] The wireless communication module can employ wireless communication technologies such as ZigBee, WiFi, and 4G / 5G. Connected to the main control module, the wireless communication module wirelessly encodes and transmits the data processed by the main control module to an external terminal. Simultaneously, the wireless communication module can also receive commands from the external terminal and relay them back to the main control module, enabling remote monitoring and control.

[0138] For example, in large mining areas, power supply equipment is widely distributed. Maintenance personnel can monitor the equipment's operating status in real time through display modules in the monitoring room. Meanwhile, managers can receive equipment data via wireless communication modules using external terminals such as mobile phones and tablets when in the office or out of the field. For instance, when voltage is abnormal or dust concentration exceeds the standard, the main control module sends alarm information to external terminals through wireless communication. Maintenance personnel can receive timely notifications, remotely view detailed data, determine the cause of the fault, and prepare repair tools and solutions in advance, improving maintenance efficiency.

[0139] Data from multiple power supply areas within the mining area can be aggregated to the control center's server via wireless communication modules. Management personnel can log into the system via external terminals to view the real-time status of power supply equipment in each area, enabling unified scheduling and management to ensure the stable operation of the mining area's power supply system.

[0140] This embodiment improves the efficiency and convenience of power supply monitoring in the mining area through the use of wireless communication and display modules. It allows maintenance personnel to monitor equipment operating status in real time and facilitates remote dispatching by management personnel. In case of abnormal voltage or excessive dust levels, timely alarms can be triggered, allowing for advance preparation of maintenance plans, ensuring the stable operation of the power supply system, and guaranteeing the orderly operation of mining production.

[0141] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the mine power supply monitoring system further includes:

[0142] Alarm module.

[0143] The alarm module is connected to the main control module.

[0144] In this embodiment, the alarm module may include a buzzer and a warning light. The alarm module is connected to the main control module and receives the analysis and processing results from the main control module. When the main control module detects an abnormality in the mine's power supply system, such as abnormal voltage, excessive dust concentration, abnormal particle size distribution, or other fault signals, it sends a corresponding alarm command to the alarm module. Based on the command, the alarm module can issue alarms in various ways, such as audible and visual alarms (via a buzzer and warning light), sending messages to management personnel's terminals, or pushing notifications, to attract the attention of staff.

[0145] For example, during the operation of the mine's power supply system, if the dust monitoring module detects that the dust concentration in a certain area exceeds a preset threshold, the main control module transmits this information to the alarm module. The alarm module will activate an audible and visual alarm and simultaneously send an SMS or APP message to the remote management personnel's mobile phone, notifying them of a potential dust hazard in a certain power supply area. When the voltage monitoring equipment detects abnormal fluctuations in the power supply voltage, the alarm module can immediately issue a strong audible and visual alarm, enabling on-site personnel to quickly detect the problem. Simultaneously, it will push alarm information to the terminals of relevant personnel so that they can take appropriate measures as soon as possible to ensure the safe and stable operation of the mine's power supply system.

[0146] This embodiment can promptly notify staff of abnormalities in the power supply system, including dust and voltage issues, through audible and visual alarms and message push notifications. This helps staff to quickly detect and take measures, ensuring the safety and stability of the power supply system in the mining area, reducing the risk of failure, and improving overall work efficiency.

[0147] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A mine supply monitoring system, characterized by, The application relates to a voltage monitoring module, a main control module and a voltage control module. The voltage monitoring module is configured to monitor a mine power supply, and is connected to the main control module and the first end of the voltage control module, and the second end of the voltage control module is connected to the mine power supply. The voltage monitoring module comprises a thermistor RT1, a transistor Q1, a voltage sensor V1, an operational amplifier U1, a resistor R1, a thermistor RT2 and a resistor R2. The first end of the thermistor RT1 is used for connecting a power supply VCC, and the second end of the thermistor RT1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is used for connecting the power supply VCC, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to the input end of the voltage sensor V1. The output end of the voltage sensor V1 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, and the ground end of the voltage sensor V1 is used for grounding. The non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the first end of the resistor R1, the first end of the thermistor RT2 and the first end of the resistor R2 respectively, and the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R2, the main control module and the voltage control module. The second end of the thermistor RT2 is used for grounding, and the second end of the resistor R1 is used for connecting the power supply VCC. The voltage monitoring module further comprises a resistor R3 and a capacitor C1.

2. The mine supply monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, The first end of the resistor R3 is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier U1. The first end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3, and the second end of the capacitor C1 is used for grounding. The second end of the resistor R3 is connected to the main control module and the voltage control module respectively. The voltage control module comprises an operational amplifier U2, a diode Q2, an operational amplifier U3, a diode Q3, an XOR gate H1, a transistor Q5, a first relay K1, a switch K2 and a boost circuit. The non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2 is used for receiving a first reference voltage Vref1, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected to the first end of the diode Q2.

3. The mine supply monitoring system of claim 2, wherein, The non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the second end of the resistor R3, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is used for receiving a second reference voltage Vref2, and the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected to the first end of the diode Q3; the first reference voltage Vref1 is smaller than the second reference voltage Vref2. The second end of the diode Q2 is connected to the first input end of the XOR gate H1, the second end of the diode Q3 is connected to the second input end of the XOR gate H1, and the output end of the XOR gate H1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q5. The collector of the transistor Q5 is used for connecting a power supply VDD, and the emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to the first end of the first relay K1. ​ ​ ​ The second end of the first relay K1 is used for grounding, the third end of the first relay K1 is used for connecting with the mine power supply VKK, the fourth end of the first relay K1 is connected with the first end of the switch K2, and the fifth end of the first relay K1 is connected with the input end of the voltage boosting circuit. The second end of the switch K2 is used for connecting with the mine load device, the output end of the voltage boosting circuit is used for connecting with the mine load device, and the switch K2 is controlled by the main control module.

4. The mine supply monitoring system of claim 3, wherein, The voltage control module further comprises: an operational amplifier U4, a diode Q4, a second relay K3, an AND gate H2, and a voltage reducing circuit; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected with the second end of the resistor R3, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U4 is used for receiving a first reference voltage Vref1, and the output end of the operational amplifier U4 is connected with the first end of the diode Q4; the second end of the diode Q3 is connected with the first input end of the AND gate H2, and the second end of the diode Q4 is connected with the second input end of the AND gate H2; the output end of the AND gate H2 is connected with the base of the triode Q6; the collector of the triode Q6 is used for connecting with the power supply VDD, and the emitter of the triode Q6 is connected with the first end of the second relay K2; the second end of the second relay K2 is used for grounding, the third end of the second relay K2 is used for connecting with the mine power supply VKK, the fourth end of the second relay K2 is connected with the first end of the switch K2, and the fifth end of the second relay K2 is connected with the input end of the voltage reducing circuit; the output end of the voltage reducing circuit is used for connecting with the mine load device.

5. The mine supply monitoring system of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: a dust monitoring module; the dust monitoring module is connected with the main control module; the dust monitoring module is configured to monitor dust data of the mine power supply device.

6. The mine supply monitoring system of claim 5, wherein, The dust monitoring module comprises: a dust concentration sensor and a particle size distribution sensor; the dust concentration sensor and the particle size distribution sensor are both connected with the main control module.

7. The mine supply monitoring system of claim 1 wherein, Further comprising: a wireless communication module and a display module; the main control module is connected with the display module; the main control module is connected with an external terminal through the wireless communication module.

8. The mine supply monitoring system of claim 1 wherein, Further comprising: an alarm module; the alarm module is connected with the main control module.

Images