Light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device which comprises a sliding bearing seat, a detachable electromagnet and a novel bearing bush. The detachable electromagnet is located over the sliding bearing seat. The novel bearing bush is positioned in the sliding bearing seat; the detachable electromagnet is started before the shaft works, suction force to the shaft is generated, the pressure of the shaft to the bearing bush under the gravity effect is reduced, and abrasion to the bearing bush in the starting process of the shaft is reduced; through the oil groove structural design, the oil groove sectional area of the seriously-abraded end of the bearing bush is relatively large, so that lubricating oil is reasonably distributed according to working conditions, heat dissipation of local seriously-abraded places of the bearing bush is accelerated, the oil film thickness is maintained, and local abrasion is reduced; through the offset oil hole design, the design position is offset to the maximum oil film thickness position of the bearing bush, and the central axis position of the oil hole is vertically downward, so that the distribution of lubricating oil on the bearing bush is accelerated, the oil pressure part is converted into bearing rotation power, the energy loss is reduced, and meanwhile, the bearing bush bearing area stress is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lubrication technology, specifically to a light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device. Background Technology

[0002] A sliding bearing is a mechanical component that supports rotating parts through sliding friction. Its core technology lies in forming a lubricating film between the bearing bush and the journal to reduce friction and wear. Lubrication technology is a key technology that reduces friction and wear between relatively moving surfaces by introducing a lubricating medium, thereby reducing energy loss and extending equipment life. Modern sliding bearings utilize high-performance materials and advanced lubrication technologies to adapt to high-speed, heavy-load, or extreme operating conditions. Key technologies include surface engineering and intelligent lubrication systems. Their core principle is to form a load-bearing lubricating film at the contact interface, isolating or reducing direct contact between solid surfaces, thus improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the mechanical system. Sliding bearings are widely used in wind power, shipbuilding, heavy machinery, and other fields. Their development trend focuses on long life, low energy consumption, and adaptive lubrication to meet the high reliability requirements of industrial equipment.

[0003] Sliding bearings are primarily used to support rotating shafts, reduce friction and wear, and withstand radial or axial loads. Their core function is to form a stable lubricating film between the bearing bush and journal using a lubricating medium (oil, grease, or solid lubricant), achieving low-friction operation and providing some vibration damping and noise control capabilities. Their advantages include high load-bearing capacity, resistance to shock and vibration, adaptability to various speeds, high reliability, simple structure, and convenient maintenance.

[0004] Currently, heavy-duty sliding bearings on the market have the following defects:

[0005] (1) When the shaft is first started, the lubricating oil does not enter the heavy load area and fails to form a stable oil film in the heavy load area for a period of time. Therefore, the wear on the bearing shell when the shaft is first started is much greater than the wear on the bearing shell when it is in normal operation.

[0006] (2) Since the spindle bears heavy load at the front end, the shaft usually tilts towards the front end, resulting in the front heavy load area of ​​the bearing bearing bearing a larger load than the rear heavy load area of ​​the bearing bearing. Therefore, the wear of the front end of the bearing bearing is usually more severe than that of the rear end. However, the lubricating oil cannot achieve a reasonable overall distribution according to the actual working conditions of the bearing bearing load. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention proposes a light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device. This device features reduced bearing wear due to reduced load on the bearing shell during shaft start-up, more rational lubricating oil flow distribution, and the ability to disassemble and replace the electromagnet for reuse in other bearing equipment.

[0008] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a light-load starting and lubricating oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device, including a sliding bearing seat, a detachable electromagnet and a new type of bearing bush; the detachable electromagnet is installed above the bearing cover of the sliding bearing seat, and the detachable electromagnet is fixed to the sliding bearing seat by a fixing groove and a fixing protrusion to reduce the collision caused by vibration; the new type of bearing bush structure is located on the upper bearing bush.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding bearing housing consists of fixing bolts, an oil inlet pipe, a bearing cover, a bearing base, a bearing bush, a cylindrical pin, and a fixing protrusion; the lower bearing bush is placed on the bearing base, and the lower bearing bush is located above the upper bearing bush. The upper bearing bush is connected to the bearing cover via a cylindrical pin. The bearing cover and the bearing base are connected and fastened by a left fixing bolt and a right fixing bolt. The oil inlet pipe vertically penetrates the bearing cover to the cylindrical pin and is collinear with the cylindrical pin. The fixing protrusion is located on both sides of the bearing cover and the bearing base.

[0010] Preferably, the detachable electromagnet comprises an iron core, a coil, an electromagnet cover, an oil pipe hole, an electromagnet housing, and a fixing groove; the iron core and the electromagnet housing are fused and welded together in an inclusive manner and are located inside the coil; the coil is installed inside the electromagnet housing; the electromagnet cover is installed above the coil and is welded to both the electromagnet housing and the iron core; the vertical central axis of the oil pipe hole is aligned with the central axis of the oil inlet pipe on the bearing seat and is located directly above the oil inlet pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the novel bearing bush consists of an upper bearing bush and a lower bearing bush. Its structure is designed as an upper bearing bush, consisting of a variable cross-section axial oil groove and an offset oil hole. The variable cross-section axial oil groove is located on the upper bearing bush, with the largest cross-section at the front end, linearly decreasing to the rear end. A small section at the rear end is an oil groove of equal area. The overall shape of the oil groove is trumpet-shaped, with both sides of the oil groove tangent to the oil hole. The axis of symmetry of the oil groove is parallel to the central axis of the bearing bush. The offset oil hole is located on the upper bearing bush, with its central axis pointing vertically downwards. Its position is offset towards the area where the oil film thickness is greatest during the working state of the novel bearing bush, close to the front end of the bearing bush.

[0012] The advantages of this invention are as follows: It reduces the load on the bearing shell during startup, thus reducing wear under heavy loads; it allows for more rational distribution of lubricating oil; and the electromagnet is detachable and replaceable for use in other bearing equipment. Through a fixed groove and a fixed protrusion, a detachable electromagnet is connected above the bearing cover. The upward magnetic force of the electromagnet on the shaft reduces the pressure on the bearing shell, thereby reducing wear during startup. After a stable oil film forms on the bearing shell surface, the detachable electromagnet is gradually closed and then removed (for continued operation on other bearing equipment). The oil hole design of the new bearing shell accelerates the entry of lubricating oil into the bearing shell, converting some oil pressure into shaft rotation torque, reducing shaft drive energy consumption, and decreasing the pressure of the lubricating oil on the shaft, thus reducing the load on the bearing shell. The oil groove structure design of the new bearing shell distributes more lubricating oil to areas with excessive local load, mitigating local overheating and excessive wear. Under similar operating conditions and within the same working time, the wear at the front end of the bearing shell is reduced, thereby extending the bearing shell's service life. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a front view of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable electromagnet in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding bearing seat in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the novel bearing bush in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] In the above figure:

[0019] 1. Left fixing bolt; 2. Oil inlet pipe; 3. Right fixing bolt; 4. Bearing cover; 5. Lower bearing shell; 6. Upper bearing shell; 7. Bearing base mounting hole; 8. Bearing base; 9. Fixing protrusion; 10. Coil; 11. Iron core; 12. Oil pipe hole; 13. Electromagnet cover; 14. Fixing groove; 15. Cylindrical pin; 16. Variable cross-section axial oil groove; 17. Offset oil hole; 18. Electromagnet housing. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit its scope. The utility model is described more specifically in the following paragraphs with reference to the figures. The advantages and features of this utility model will become clearer from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. When a component is referred to as being "set on" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Example

[0022] Reference Figure 1-5 A light-load starting and lubrication oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device includes a new type of bearing shell, a detachable electromagnet, and a sliding bearing seat. The new type of bearing shell is located on the upper bearing shell 6, allowing it to better perform its function during lubrication. The detachable electromagnet is fixed by a fixing groove 14 and a fixing protrusion 9, increasing the contact area to reduce vibration and impact damage to the bearing seat and ensure operational stability. The bearing cover 4 of the sliding bearing seat is connected to the upper bearing shell 6 via a cylindrical pin 15, ensuring accurate positioning.

[0023] The novel bearing bush consists of an upper bearing bush 6 and a lower bearing bush 5. The upper bearing bush 6 is designed with a variable cross-section axial oil groove 16 and an offset oil hole 17. The variable cross-section axial oil groove 16, by designing a front cross-sectional area larger than the rear cross-sectional area, achieves a greater distribution of lubricating oil at the front end, accelerates heat dissipation at the front end of the bearing bush, enhances the stability of the lubricating oil film thickness, alleviates wear at the front end of the lower bearing bush 5, and realizes the distribution of lubricating oil flow according to working conditions. The offset oil hole 17 is positioned biased towards the point where the oil film thickness is greatest during bearing bush operation, with its central axis vertically downward. The lubricating oil enters the novel bearing bush with a certain initial velocity. The component of this linear velocity is consistent with the linear velocity at the initial contact point between the lubricating oil and the shaft during shaft operation, thereby accelerating the distribution of lubricating oil throughout the bearing bush. Furthermore, due to the offset design of the offset oil hole 17, a portion of the lubricating oil pressure is converted into tangential power for shaft rotation to reduce energy loss and reduce the total pressure of the lubricating oil on the shaft, thus reducing the pressure on the lower bearing bush 5.

[0024] The detachable electromagnet consists of an iron core 11, a coil 10, an electromagnet cover 13, an oil pipe hole 12, an electromagnet housing 18, and a fixing groove 14. The iron core 11 is located inside the upper surface of the electromagnet housing 18 and welded to it, making the magnetic field of the electromagnet more concentrated and improving working efficiency. The coil 10 is closely wrapped around the iron core 11 and located inside the electromagnet housing 18. When the coil 10 is energized, it generates a strong magnetic field through electromagnetism, thereby generating a vertically upward attraction on the shaft, thus reducing the pressure of the shaft on the lower bearing 5 and reducing the wear of the lower bearing 5 when the shaft is first started. The electromagnet cover 13 is welded to the upper surface of the electromagnet housing 18 to seal the coil 10.

[0025] The sliding bearing housing consists of a left fixing bolt 1, an oil inlet pipe 2, a right fixing bolt 3, a bearing cover 4, a lower bearing shell 5, an upper bearing shell 6, a bearing base 8, a fixing protrusion 9, and a cylindrical pin 15. The left fixing bolt 1 and the right fixing bolt 3 are perpendicular to the mating body of the bearing cover 4 and the bearing base 8, connecting and fixing the bearing cover 4 and the bearing base 8. The oil inlet pipe 2 is located on the bearing cover 4 and is aligned with the offset oil hole 17 of the upper bearing shell 6 to meet the supply of lubricating oil. The cylindrical pin 15 ensures that the upper bearing shell 6, the bearing cover 4, and the oil inlet pipe 2 cooperate with each other to ensure accurate positioning.

[0026] Working principle: Before shaft startup, the detachable electromagnet is first activated to generate a vertically upward magnetic force on the shaft, reducing the pressure of the shaft on the bearing bush. Then, the shaft rotation is started. After a certain period of time, an oil film is basically formed. The magnetic force of the electromagnet is gradually reduced until the electromagnet stops working, completing the light-load startup. The electromagnet can then be removed and used for light-load startup of other bearing equipment. The external oil pipe is connected to the oil inlet pipe through the oil pipe hole 17 of the detachable electromagnet, delivering lubricating oil to the offset oil hole 17 of the upper bearing bush 6. The variable cross-section axial oil groove 16, with its front cross-sectional area larger than the rear cross-sectional area, achieves greater lubricating oil distribution at the front end, accelerating heat dissipation at the front end of the bearing bush and strengthening the bearing. The stability of the lubricating oil film thickness alleviates wear at the front end of the lower bearing 5 and enables the distribution of lubricating oil flow according to working conditions. The offset oil hole 17 is positioned at the point where the oil film thickness is greatest during bearing operation, with its central axis pointing vertically downwards. The lubricating oil enters the new bearing with a certain initial velocity. The component of this linear velocity is consistent with the linear velocity of the lubricating oil at the initial contact point with the shaft during operation, thereby accelerating the distribution of lubricating oil throughout the bearing. Furthermore, due to the offset design of the offset oil hole 17, a portion of the lubricating oil pressure is converted into tangential power for shaft rotation to reduce energy loss and decrease the total pressure of the lubricating oil on the shaft, thus reducing the pressure on the lower bearing 5.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A light-load starting and lubrication oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device, comprising a sliding bearing housing, a detachable electromagnet, and a novel bearing bush, characterized in that, The detachable electromagnet is positioned directly above the sliding bearing seat, and is fixed by the fixing protrusion (9) of the bearing cover (4) and the fixing protrusion (9) of the bearing base (8) of the sliding bearing cooperating with the fixing groove (14) of the electromagnet housing (18) of the detachable electromagnet; the new type of bearing bush is composed of an upper bearing bush (6) and a lower bearing bush (5), and a variable cross-section axial oil groove (16) and an offset oil hole (17) are designed on the upper bearing bush (6).

2. The light-load starting and lubrication oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding bearing housing consists of a left fixing bolt (1), an oil inlet pipe (2), a right fixing bolt (3), a bearing cover (4), a lower bearing shell (5), an upper bearing shell (6), a bearing base mounting hole (7), a bearing base (8), a fixing protrusion (9), and a cylindrical pin (15). The lower bearing shell (5) is placed on the bearing base (8), and the upper bearing shell (6) is located above the lower bearing shell (5). The upper bearing shell (6) is positioned and connected to the bearing cover (4) by the cylindrical pin (15). The bearing cover (4) and the bearing base (8) are connected and fastened by the left fixing bolt (1) and the right fixing bolt (3). The oil inlet pipe (2) vertically penetrates the bearing cover to the cylindrical pin (15) and is collinear with the cylindrical pin (15). The fixing protrusion (9) is located on both sides of the bearing cover (4) and the bearing base (8).

3. The light-load starting and lubrication oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable electromagnet consists of an electromagnet shell (18), a coil (10), an iron core (11), an oil pipe hole (12), an electromagnet cover (13), and a fixing groove (14). The electromagnet shell (18) and the iron core (11) are fused and welded together. The coil (10) is placed inside the electromagnet shell (18), and the iron core (11) is located inside the coil (10). The electromagnet cover (13) is set directly above the coil (10) and is welded together with the electromagnet shell (18). The oil pipe hole (12) leads to the oil inlet pipe (2). The fixing groove (14) is set on the inner surface of the electromagnet shell (18) and is connected to the fixing protrusion (9) of the bearing cover (4) and the bearing base (8).

4. The light-load starting and lubrication oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil groove is a variable cross-section axial oil groove (16) and is set on the upper bearing (6). The front end of the variable cross-section axial oil groove (16) has the largest cross-section and decreases linearly to the rear end of the oil groove (16). A small section at the rear end is an oil groove with equal area. The overall shape of the oil groove (16) is trumpet-shaped. The two sides of the oil groove (16) are tangent to the oil hole. The axis of symmetry of the oil groove (16) is parallel to the central axis of the bearing.

5. The light-load starting and lubrication oil distribution type heavy-load sliding bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The offset oil hole (17) is designed on the upper bearing (6). The central axis of the offset oil hole (17) is vertically downward and its position is offset towards the place where the oil film thickness is the largest under the working state of the new bearing, close to the front end of the new bearing.

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