Vertical fire tube waste heat boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertically-distributed boiler body of a vertical fire tube waste heat boiler, and a base for supporting the weight of the boiler and provided with a flue gas inlet, a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet and a flue gas outlet which are arranged in the boiler body from bottom to top in sequence; the evaporator comprises an evaporator cylinder and a vertically arranged threaded smoke tube arranged in the evaporator cylinder; the smoke outlet is communicated with the threaded smoke pipe, so that smoke flows out; the annular steam pocket is located on the outer side of the smoke outlet, an upper pipe plate of the evaporator is communicated with a lower pipe plate of the annular steam pocket through a communicating pipe, the weight of the annular steam pocket is supported by the evaporator, and a steam outlet used for leading out steam is formed in the annular steam pocket. Through the integrated structural design and the vertical layout, the obvious effects of being compact in structure and improving the waste heat recovery efficiency and space occupation are achieved, and the waste heat recovery device is particularly suitable for the industrial environment with the limited space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste heat recovery technology, specifically a vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Waste heat boilers are commonly used devices for recovering energy from high-temperature industrial waste gases and are widely applied in various industrial sectors. When recovering high-temperature flue gas, waste heat boilers generally employ water-tube or shell-type heat exchange structures. Especially in applications with smaller flue gas volumes and higher sealing requirements, shell-type heat exchange structures are typically used. In the chemical industry, fire-tube waste heat boilers are widely recognized for their excellent sealing performance, and they are mainly available in horizontal and vertical configurations. However, horizontal structures occupy a large area, so vertical fire-tube waste heat boilers are more commonly used to save space.

[0003] While vertical fire-tube waste heat boilers have their advantages, they also present some problems. Vertical fire-tube boilers are generally divided into two types. One type has a steam drum supported by a separate steel frame, with the fire-tube evaporator connected to the steam drum via connecting pipes and downcomers. This structure usually requires on-site assembly, resulting in a large footprint and high cost. The other type is an integrated quick-assembly structure, where the upper tube plate of the fire-tube evaporator is made into a concave shape, with the surrounding protrusions serving as steam space. However, this structure has limited steam space, leading to serious steam carryover problems. Simultaneously, the inner cylinder is directly exposed to the high-temperature flue gas, easily causing overheating of the inner cylinder wall. More importantly, strictly according to boiler safety technical regulations, the minimum safe water level of a shell boiler should be 100mm higher than the highest fire line. However, the highest fire line of this concave structure is not clearly defined, therefore, strictly speaking, it does not meet the requirements of the boiler safety technical regulations.

[0004] Furthermore, existing traditional vertical fire-tube waste heat boilers also have shortcomings in heat exchange efficiency. Specifically, the flow and distribution of the steam-water mixture within the boiler are uneven, affecting the boiler's heat exchange effect and limiting the performance and energy recovery efficiency of the waste heat boiler.

[0005] In summary, the main problems with existing technologies include:

[0006] 1. Traditional vertical bulk fire-tube waste heat boilers have a large footprint and high cost, especially those structures that require on-site assembly.

[0007] 2. Traditional quick-installation vertical fire-tube waste heat boilers with a concave structure have limited steam space, resulting in serious steam carryover problems.

[0008] 3. The traditional quick-installation "concave" structure of the vertical inner cylinder is directly exposed to the scouring of high-temperature flue gas, which can easily cause the inner cylinder wall temperature to overheat.

[0009] 4. The highest fire boundary of the traditional quick-installation "U"-shaped vertical fire tube structure is not clearly defined, which does not meet the requirements of the boiler safety technical regulations.

[0010] 5. In traditional quick-installation vertical fire-tube structures, the circulation and distribution of the steam-water mixture within the boiler are uneven, affecting the heat exchange effect.

[0011] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art. Utility Model Content

[0012] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, the applicant provides a vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler with an integrated structural design and vertical layout, achieving significant effects such as compact structure, high heat exchange efficiency, reduced costs, and reduced space occupation, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained industrial environments.

[0013] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0014] A vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler, comprising:

[0015] Vertically distributed furnace body;

[0016] The base is located at the bottom of the furnace body and includes a supporting shell. The supporting shell has a flue gas inlet on at least one side wall and the upper end of the supporting shell is open.

[0017] An evaporator, located above the base, includes an evaporator cylinder. The evaporator cylinder contains vertically arranged threaded smoke pipes, with the upper and lower ends respectively sealed and connected to the upper tube sheet and the lower tube sheet of the evaporator. A water inlet pipe is provided at the lower end of one side of the evaporator.

[0018] The flue gas outlet is located at the middle of the upper end of the evaporator cylinder and is connected to the threaded flue pipe to discharge the flue gas.

[0019] An annular steam drum is arranged around the outside of the flue gas outlet. The lower end of the annular steam drum is provided with multiple connecting pipes that connect to the evaporator cylinder, and the upper end of the annular steam drum is provided with a steam outlet.

[0020] In one embodiment, the annular steam drum includes an upper tube sheet, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, and a lower tube sheet. The lower tube sheet is connected to the upper tube sheet of the evaporator via a connecting pipe. The connecting pipe is evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular steam drum and supports its weight. The upper tube sheet is provided with a steam outlet to discharge steam.

[0021] In one embodiment, the upper end of the base's support housing is sealed to the lower tube sheet of the evaporator to support the evaporator and the upper structure.

[0022] In one embodiment, the threaded flue pipe inside the evaporator cylinder has a spiral structure to increase the contact area between the flue gas and water and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0023] In one embodiment, the evaporator is further provided with multiple horizontally distributed guide plates, one side of which has a notch, and the notches on the multiple guide plates are staggered to form an S-shaped flow direction to enhance heat exchange.

[0024] In one embodiment, the hollow part of the annular steam drum's inner cylinder corresponds to the flue gas outlet, forming a channel for flue gas discharge.

[0025] In one embodiment, the annular steam drum is externally connected to a water level gauge, a pressure gauge, a safety valve, and a steam outlet for monitoring and controlling the water level, pressure, and steam output of the annular steam drum.

[0026] In one embodiment, the flue gas outlet has a conical structure, with a larger lower end and a smaller upper end.

[0027] In one embodiment, the furnace body is provided with an insulation layer made of aluminum silicate insulation material, which is used to insulate the shape formed by the annular steam drum and the evaporator.

[0028] In one embodiment, an inspection hole is provided on the outer wall of the evaporator.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0030] This utility model discloses a vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler. Through integrated structural design and vertical layout, it achieves a compact structure, significantly improved waste heat recovery efficiency, and reduced space occupation, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained industrial environments. The innovative design incorporates an annular steam drum, connected to the evaporator via a connecting pipe. This not only increases the steam space but also ensures sufficient heat exchange between the flue gas and steam-water mixture within the boiler, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, by clearly defining the location of the highest fire boundary line—the upper tube sheet of the evaporator—this design ensures the safe and reliable operation of the boiler, meeting the requirements of boiler safety regulations, reducing safety risks, and making the boiler more stable and reliable during operation.

[0031] It also includes the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The new vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler adopts an integrated structural design, which significantly reduces installation time and costs compared to traditional structures that require on-site assembly. Its compact design greatly reduces the footprint, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained industrial environments. This improvement not only reduces investment costs for enterprises but also increases production efficiency, making the deployment of waste heat boilers more flexible and convenient.

[0033] 2. This design employs a vertical layout, allowing the boiler to extend vertically and making full use of space, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained environments. This design addresses the space utilization limitations of traditional boilers and improves their adaptability. Simultaneously, the vertical structure facilitates the natural flow and heat exchange of flue gas and steam-water mixtures within the boiler, further enhancing its thermal efficiency.

[0034] 3. The new design innovatively incorporates an annular steam drum, which is connected to the evaporator via a connecting pipe. This design not only increases the steam space but also effectively solves the problems of limited steam space and severe water carryover in traditional concave structures.

[0035] 5. The new design, by clearly defining the location of the highest fire boundary line, ensures that the minimum safe water level of the boiler shell is 100mm higher than the highest fire boundary, thus strictly meeting the requirements of boiler safety technical regulations. By determining the upper tube sheet of the evaporator as the highest fire boundary line, the design basis for the minimum safe water level line is clarified, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the boiler. This design solves the safety hazards existing in traditional boilers and improves the boiler's operational stability. This improvement effectively enhances the safety of waste heat boilers and reduces safety risks caused by structural problems. At the same time, it also makes the boiler more stable and reliable during operation, reducing downtime and maintenance costs due to safety issues. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present utility model.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the annular steam drum of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator of this utility model.

[0039] The components are as follows: 1. Annular steam drum; 11. Annular steam drum upper tube sheet; 12. Annular steam drum outer cylinder; 13. Annular steam drum inner cylinder; 14. Annular steam drum lower tube sheet; 15. Steam outlet; 16. Steam-water separator; 17. Pressure gauge; 18. Safety valve; 19. Water level gauge; 20. Lifting lug; 2. Flue gas outlet; 3. Evaporator; 31. Evaporator upper tube sheet; 32. Evaporator cylinder; 33. Evaporator lower tube sheet; 34. Threaded flue pipe; 35. Guide plate; 36. Inspection hole; 37. Fixed drain pipe; 38. Water inlet pipe; 4. Base; 41. Base cylinder; 42. Flue gas inlet; 5. Connecting pipe; 6. Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0040] like Figures 1-3As shown, this embodiment discloses a vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler, which includes a vertically distributed furnace body, and a base 4, an evaporator 3, a flue gas outlet 2 and an annular steam drum 1 arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the furnace body. In addition, the connecting pipe 5 not only serves to connect steam and water, but also supports the weight of the annular steam drum 1.

[0041] The following section will elaborate on each component in detail, taking into account its specific structure.

[0042] In this embodiment, the base 4 is located at the lower part of the furnace body and includes a support shell 41. The support shell 41 has a flue gas inlet 42 on at least one side wall and the upper end of the support shell 41 is open.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the base 4 in this embodiment includes a flue gas inlet 41 and a base cylinder 42. The upper part of the base cylinder 42 is connected to the lower tube plate 32 of the evaporator to support the main weight of the boiler. The interior of the base 4 is a flue gas passage, which communicates with the threaded flue pipe 34 of the evaporator 3. Additionally, the base 4 needs to be lined with high-temperature resistant castable refractory and insulation cotton.

[0044] Evaporator 3 is located above base 4 and includes evaporator cylinder 32. The evaporator cylinder 32 is provided with vertically arranged threaded smoke pipe 34. The upper and lower ends are respectively sealed and connected to the upper tube plate 31 and the lower tube plate 33 of the evaporator. A water inlet pipe 38 is provided at the lower end of one side of the evaporator 3.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the evaporator 3 in this embodiment is an important structure in waste heat recovery. It includes an evaporator cylinder 32, an upper evaporator tube sheet 31 connected to the upper and lower ends of the evaporator cylinder 32, a lower evaporator tube sheet 33, and a vertically arranged threaded flue 34 inside the evaporator cylinder 32. The spiral structure of the threaded flue can increase the contact area between flue gas and water and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0046] In this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the threaded flue pipe 34 pass through the corresponding upper tube plate 31 and lower tube plate 33 of the evaporator to realize the flow of flue gas, thereby enabling high-temperature flue gas to pass through the evaporator 3 from the flue pipe.

[0047] In another embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, to accelerate heat exchange, multiple horizontally distributed guide vanes 35 are installed inside the evaporator 3. Under the action of the guide vanes 35, the steam-water mixture can only flow laterally across the flue pipe area, forming an S-shaped flow direction, which enhances heat exchange and improves heat exchange efficiency.

[0048] Meanwhile, the evaporator 3 in this embodiment is provided with an inspection hole 36 for easy maintenance.

[0049] Flue gas outlet 2 is located at the middle of the upper end of the evaporator cylinder 32 and is connected to the threaded flue pipe 34 to discharge flue gas. Flue gas outlet 2 has a conical structure with a larger lower end and a smaller upper end. The diameter of the lower end should be smaller than the inner diameter of the annular steam drum to facilitate its installation.

[0050] An annular steam drum 1 is arranged around the outside of the flue gas outlet 2. The lower end of the annular steam drum 1 is provided with multiple connecting pipes 5 that are connected to the evaporator cylinder 32, and the upper end of the annular steam drum 1 is provided with a steam outlet 15.

[0051] The annular steam drum 1 is located at the top of the evaporator 3 and is connected to the evaporator by a connecting pipe 5, which is evenly arranged along the annular steam drum 1.

[0052] Specifically, the annular steam drum 1 is composed of an annular steam drum upper tube sheet 11, an annular steam drum outer cylinder 12, an annular steam drum inner cylinder 13, and an annular steam drum lower tube sheet 14. The steam drum is equipped with a water level gauge 19, a pressure gauge 17, a safety valve 18, and a steam outlet 15. A steam-water separator 16 is installed at the steam outlet.

[0053] The water level and internal pressure inside the annular steam drum 1 are detected by the water level gauge 19 and the pressure gauge 17, while the safety valve 18 reduces the risk of explosion.

[0054] In this embodiment, the upper tube plate 31 of the evaporator 3 is the highest fire boundary line, because the flue gas is led out from the flue gas outlet 2 after reaching this position. The minimum safe water level of the water level gauge 19 is based on this line. According to the provisions of the boiler safety technical regulations, the minimum water level line must be 100mm higher than the highest fire boundary line and meet the requirement of a safe water level drop time of 7 minutes. The length of the annular steam drum 12 can be adjusted as needed, easily meeting the requirements of safe water level drop time and minimum steam volume.

[0055] Moreover, the annular steam drum 1 does not come into contact with the flue gas, which greatly improves its safety.

[0056] In this embodiment, the connecting pipe 5 is evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular steam drum. At the same time, the connecting pipe 5 not only serves to connect steam and water, but also provides support for the annular steam drum 1, eliminating the need for a separate steel frame to support the annular steam drum.

[0057] Meanwhile, the steam generated inside the evaporator 3 converges at the upper tube sheet 31 of the evaporator and can evenly enter the annular steam drum along multiple connecting pipes 5. After the boiler feedwater enters the evaporator 3, it turns back upward along the guide plate 35, forming an "S" shaped route, which enhances heat exchange.

[0058] Meanwhile, an insulation layer 6 is provided for the furnace body, and aluminum silicate insulation is used according to the shape formed by the annular steam drum 1 and the evaporator 3.

[0059] The working principle and usage process in this embodiment include:

[0060] like Figure 1 The solid arrow in the middle indicates the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas enters the base 4 through the flue gas inlet 41 and is discharged through the threaded flue pipe 34 to the upper flue gas outlet 2.

[0061] like Figure 1 The dashed arrow indicates the direction of water flow. Water enters the evaporator 3 through the water supply pipe 38 and flows horizontally upwards along the outside of the threaded flue pipe 34 until it reaches the upper tube sheet 31 of the evaporator.

[0062] At the same time, the flue gas and the steam-water mixture will undergo uniform and sufficient heat exchange. After reaching the upper tube sheet 31 of the evaporator, it will enter the annular steam drum along the connecting pipe 5, and after passing through the steam-water separator 16, it will generate saturated steam for external use.

[0063] Furthermore, the annular steam drum 1 is completely insulated from the flue gas, significantly improving safety. The clearly defined maximum fire limit provides a clear basis for designing the minimum safe water level, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the boiler.

[0064] Therefore, the waste heat recovery boiler in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects:

[0065] The new vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler adopts an integrated structural design, significantly reducing installation time and costs compared to traditional structures that require on-site assembly. Its compact design greatly reduces the footprint, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained industrial environments. This improvement not only lowers investment costs for businesses but also increases production efficiency, making the deployment of waste heat boilers more flexible and convenient.

[0066] This design employs a vertical layout, allowing the boiler to extend vertically and making full use of space, making it particularly suitable for space-constrained environments. This design addresses the space utilization limitations of traditional boilers and improves their adaptability. Simultaneously, the vertical structure facilitates the natural flow and heat exchange of flue gas and steam-water mixtures within the boiler, further enhancing its thermal efficiency.

[0067] In this design, the boiler components are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The annular steam drum is supported on the evaporator by connecting pipes, eliminating the need for an additional steel frame. This forms a compact, integrated structure, simplifying installation and maintenance. This design not only saves space but also reduces installation and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, it improves the boiler's operating efficiency.

[0068] The new design incorporates an annular steam drum, increasing the steam space and effectively solving the problems of limited steam space and severe water carryover in traditional concave structures. It also makes the boiler's heat recovery more efficient, bringing significant economic benefits to the company. Simultaneously, the optimized flow path of the steam-water mixture ensures more thorough heat exchange, significantly improving the heat exchange efficiency of the waste heat boiler. This improvement not only enhances steam quality but also makes the boiler's heat recovery more efficient, resulting in substantial economic benefits for the company.

[0069] By optimizing the boiler structure, this solution incorporates a baffle plate in the evaporator, allowing for full contact between flue gas and water, thus fully releasing the heat in the flue gas, improving energy utilization, and solving the problem of low thermal efficiency in traditional boilers.

[0070] The new scheme ensures that the minimum safe water level of the boiler shell is 100mm higher than the maximum fire line by clearly defining the location of the highest fire line, thus strictly meeting the requirements of the boiler safety technical regulations.

[0071] By using the upper tube sheet of the evaporator as the highest fire boundary line, the design basis for the minimum safe water level line is clearly defined, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the boiler. This design solves the safety hazards inherent in traditional concave boilers and improves the boiler's operational stability. This improvement effectively enhances the safety of waste heat boilers and reduces safety risks caused by structural problems. Simultaneously, it also makes the boiler more stable and reliable during operation, reducing downtime and maintenance costs due to safety issues.

[0072] In summary, the new vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler has achieved significant improvements and beneficial effects in terms of structure, steam quality, safety, and heat resistance. These improvements not only enhance the boiler's performance and efficiency but also bring significant economic benefits and long-term development advantages to enterprises.

[0073] The boiler in this embodiment adopts a vertical design. The advantages of a vertical boiler are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0074] Space utilization optimization: The vertical design allows the boiler to extend vertically, making full use of space. Especially in space-constrained environments, vertical boilers can make more efficient use of limited space resources.

[0075] Improved thermal efficiency: The vertical structure facilitates the natural flow and heat exchange of flue gas and steam-water mixture within the boiler. When the flue gas flows vertically, it can exchange heat more fully with the steam-water mixture, thereby improving the boiler's thermal efficiency.

[0076] Compact structure: The various components of a vertical boiler (such as the base, evaporator, flue gas outlet, annular steam drum, etc.) can be arranged sequentially from bottom to top to form a compact overall structure, which not only saves space but also simplifies the installation and maintenance process.

[0077] Enhanced stability: The base design of vertical boilers is usually more stable, providing better support and ensuring the stability of the boiler during operation, reducing the risk of failure caused by vibration or external forces.

[0078] Enhanced safety: The vertical fire-tube design often makes it easier to achieve a sealed flue gas passage, reducing air leakage and thus improving boiler safety. At the same time, its compact structure also facilitates effective monitoring and safety control.

[0079] In summary, vertical boilers, with their advantages in optimizing space utilization, improving thermal efficiency, achieving compact structure, enhancing stability, and improving safety, meet the needs of various application scenarios, and play a particularly important role in thermal energy conversion systems that require high efficiency, energy saving, and safety.

[0080] The above description is an explanation of the present utility model and not a limitation thereof. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the claims. Within the protection scope of the present utility model, any form of modification may be made.

Claims

1. A vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler, characterized in that, include: Vertically distributed furnace body; The base (4) is located at the bottom of the furnace body and includes a support shell (41). The support shell (41) has a flue gas inlet (42) on at least one side wall and the upper end of the support shell (41) is open. Evaporator (3) is located above base (4) and includes evaporator cylinder (32). The evaporator cylinder (32) is provided with vertically arranged threaded smoke pipe (34). The upper and lower ports are respectively sealed and connected to the upper tube plate (31) and the lower tube plate (33) of the evaporator. A water inlet pipe (38) is provided at the lower end of one side of the evaporator (3). The flue gas outlet (2) is located at the middle of the upper end of the evaporator cylinder (32) and is connected to the threaded flue pipe (34) to discharge flue gas; An annular steam drum (1) is arranged around the outside of the flue gas outlet (2). The lower end of the annular steam drum (1) is provided with multiple connecting pipes (5) that connect with the evaporator cylinder (32), and the upper end of the annular steam drum (1) is provided with a steam outlet (15).

2. The vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The annular steam drum (1) includes an upper tube plate (11), an outer cylinder (12), an inner cylinder (13), and a lower tube plate (14). The lower tube plate (14) of the annular steam drum is connected to the upper tube plate (31) of the evaporator (3) through a connecting pipe (5). The connecting pipe (5) is evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular steam drum (1) and supports the weight of the annular steam drum (1). The upper tube plate (11) of the annular steam drum is provided with a steam outlet to discharge steam.

3. The vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the support shell (41) of the base (4) is sealed to the lower tube plate (33) of the evaporator to support the evaporator (3) and the upper structure.

4. The vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The threaded flue (34) inside the evaporator cylinder (32) adopts a spiral structure to increase the contact area between flue gas and water and improve the heat exchange effect.

5. The vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The evaporator (3) is also provided with multiple horizontally distributed guide plates (35). A notch is provided on one side of the guide plate (35), and the notches on the multiple guide plates (35) are staggered to form an S-shaped flow direction to enhance heat exchange.

6. The vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow position of the inner cylinder (13) of the annular steam drum (1) corresponds to the flue gas outlet (2), forming a channel for flue gas discharge.

7. The vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The annular steam drum (1) is externally connected to a water level gauge (19), a pressure gauge (17), a safety valve (18), and a steam outlet (15) for monitoring and controlling the water level, pressure, and steam output of the annular steam drum (1).

8. The vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas outlet (2) has a conical structure, with a large lower end and a small upper end.

9. The vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The furnace body is provided with an insulation layer (6) on the outside, which is made of aluminum silicate insulation material and is used to insulate the shape formed by the annular steam drum (1) and the evaporator (3).

10. The vertical fire-tube waste heat boiler as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An inspection hole (36) is provided on the outer wall of the evaporator (3).

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