Small bionic micro-plastic collecting device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water
By designing a solar-powered, small-scale biomimetic microplastic collection device, and utilizing the biomimetic fish-like structure of the propulsion fin, buoyancy fin, and tail fin, fully automated collection of microplastics in water has been achieved. This solves the problems of low efficiency and high pollution in traditional methods, and improves collection efficiency and capacity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520644993.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient for efficiently and automatically removing microplastics from water, and traditional methods often only separate or degrade limited samples, failing to completely remove microplastics from water.
Design a small biomimetic microplastic collection device that utilizes solar energy and water pressure energy for power. Combines a biomimetic fish body structure with propulsion fins, buoyancy fins, and tail fins, and integrates an energy system, a filtration and collection system, an automatic control system, a dispensing system, and a communication system to achieve fully automated microplastic collection.
It enables fully automated and continuous collection of microplastics, reduces human risks, improves collection efficiency, saves energy, reduces environmental pollution, and increases collection capacity and flexibility.
Smart Images
Figure CN223949353U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The product relates to the field of environmental protection, and in particular to a small bionic micro-plastic collecting device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water. BACKGROUND
[0002] Micro-plastics refer to plastic fragments and particles with a diameter less than 5 mm. The micro-plastic particles are widely present in the environment and pose potential threats to ecological environment and human health. The micro-plastics are small in volume, large in quantity, widely distributed, persistent, difficult to degrade, toxic to organisms and bioaccumulative, and can easily become carriers of toxic metals, pesticides and other pollutants. Nowadays, with plastics involved in various aspects of our life, the pollution of micro-plastics, including primary micro-plastics and secondary micro-plastics, has become increasingly serious. The micro-plastics mainly come from industrial raw materials of plastic and resin particles and industrialized products containing micro-plastic particles or cleaning microbeads, such as medicines, polishing materials, personal care products (cosmetics, facial cleanser, toothpaste and shower gel) and the like.
[0003] Nowadays, with the development, there are various methods for treating micro-plastics, including physical treatment (separation and filtration), chemical treatment (advanced oxidation technology and chemical degradation), biological treatment (biodegradation and biofilm technology), thermal treatment (thermal decomposition and joule heat assisted electrochemical degradation) and other technologies (ultrasonic degradation and magnetic separation technology). The technologies for treating micro-plastic pollution are various, but each technology has its unique advantages and limitations. When the above technologies are applied, only a limited part of samples can be separated or degraded, and the obtained samples without micro-plastics are very limited. If the micro-plastics in water are treated, the micro-plastics are separated or degraded after sampling, and then the water is discharged and sampled again. The treatment method is twice the work for half the result, and it is impossible to completely remove the micro-plastics in water. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0004] In order to safely collect micro-plastics in water areas polluted by micro-plastics, reduce the danger of manual collection, and realize full-automatic sustainable pollution-free environmental protection, the utility model provides a small bionic micro-plastic collecting device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water. The device can continuously collect micro-plastics in water, is completely intelligent, and can effectively solve the problem of micro-plastic pollution in water when used on a large scale.
[0005] Specific technical solutions:
[0006] The small bionic micro-plastic collecting device driven by solar energy and water pressure energy comprises a bionic fish body composed of an upper fish body and a lower fish body; a propelling fin is located at the middle of both sides of the bionic fish body and serves as a propelling function; a sinking and floating fin is located at the chest and abdomen of the lower fish body of the bionic fish body and serves to control the sinking and floating of the bionic fish body; and a tail fin is located at the tail of the bionic fish body and serves to adjust the moving direction of the bionic fish body. The bionic fish body is internally provided with an energy system, a filtering and collecting system, an automatic control system, a releasing system, an absorbing system and a communication system.
[0007] The energy system comprises a solar panel, a small water turbine and a storage battery; the solar panel is installed on the outer surface of the upper fish body of the bionic fish body, the small water turbine is installed at the head of the bionic fish body as a generator, mechanical energy is converted into electric energy through the generator, the storage battery is installed at the tail of the bionic fish body, and the solar panel and the small water turbine are connected to the storage battery through wires to store the electric energy generated by the solar panel and the small water turbine.
[0008] The filtering and collecting system comprises collecting bins, filtering screens, automatic screen scrapers and isolation plates; a plurality of collecting bins are sequentially arranged in the bionic fish body, each collecting bin is connected by a main control hollow shaft, and the micro-plastics are conveniently collected and discharged. The filtering screen is used for filtering the micro-plastics in water, allowing water to pass through and the micro-plastics to be intercepted in the collecting bin, and the isolation plate is located between adjacent collecting bins, and when one collecting bin is full, the isolation plate is closed to prevent water flow from entering the full collecting bin again.
[0009] The automatic control system comprises sensors and GPS; the sensors are used for detecting the number of micro-plastics in the collecting bin, connected to the sinking and floating fin and the propelling fin, and control the rising and returning to the shore of the bionic fish body. The GPS is used for positioning and controlling the channel of the bionic fish body, connected to the propelling fin and the releasing system, and controls the movement of the device and the garbage releasing.
[0010] The communication system comprises a wireless control module.
[0011] The releasing system comprises a releasing port.
[0012] The absorbing system is located at the head of the bionic fish body and absorbs the micro-plastics.
[0013] Further, the propelling fin comprises a crank rocker mechanism, a propelling fin transmission mechanism, a positioning pin and a propelling fin rudder. The crank rocker mechanism is connected with the propelling fin rudder, wherein three holes on the crank rocker mechanism are connected with the rudder disc of the propelling fin rudder, and the continuous rotation of the propelling fin rudder drives the movement of the crank rocker mechanism. The designed crank rocker mechanism has a quick return characteristic, which requires the propelling fin to swing slightly faster in front of the body to achieve quick reset, and requires the propelling fin to swing slightly slower behind the body to increase the thrust and the propelling time. The propeller and the rudder are unified, the structure and system are simplified, the manufacturing process is simplified, and the cost and price are reduced.
[0014] Further, the said sinkable fin includes: wing-shaped fin, sinkable fin transmission system, positioning pin and pressure sensor. The lower fish body of the bionic fish body is connected with the sinkable fin, and the sinkable fin drives the transmission system through the different data of the pressure sensor at different water levels, so that the bionic fish body sinks to a position where water can be collected, but the upper fish body is always exposed to the water surface, so that the solar panel works to provide power. When the collection bin is full, the sensor connects the absorption system and the pressure sensor, the absorption system is automatically closed, the sinkable fin works, and the bionic microplastic collecting device rises.
[0015] Further, the said tail fin adopts a crescent-shaped tail fin, which generates vortex during the movement of the bionic fish body, and uses the vortex to provide additional thrust for the bionic fish body to improve the moving speed.
[0016] Further, the filter screen of the filter collection system is located on the surface of the bionic fish body, saving space. When the water and microplastics are sucked into the bionic fish body by the absorption system, the microplastics are left in the collection bin, and the water flows back into the water body through the filter screen.
[0017] Further, the small water turbine is located at the head of the bionic microplastic collecting robot device and is connected with the entire system circuit. When the absorption system absorbs water and microplastics into the device, the small water turbine can obtain high water pressure at the same time, realizing effective utilization of resources.
[0018] Further, the said automatic control system is also connected with the sinkable fin and the propeller fin. When the collection bin is full, the sinkable fin connected by the sensor works to make the bionic fish body rise, the GPS connects the propeller fin and the release port, and the bionic fish body returns to the shore to automatically release the garbage according to the set program. The head of the bionic fish body is equipped with a wireless communication control system GPS to ensure the correct route of the bionic fish body, avoid risks, and return to the shore to release the collected microplastics according to the specified route when the bin is full.
[0019] Among them, the bionic fish fin drive using the propeller fin and the sinkable fin has the characteristics of high efficiency and high maneuverability compared with the traditional propeller propulsion method.
[0020] The said collection bin is provided with filter screens on the left and right sides to drain water when absorbing garbage, reducing the weight of the device. An automatic screen scraper is arranged inside each filter screen for cleaning the microplastics on the filter screen. This makes the microplastics fall to the bottom for easy release, prevents the microplastics from blocking the filter screen, and affects the drainage of water carried by the subsequent absorption of other microplastics.
[0021] After the microplastics enter the cabin, they will enter the collection bin near the tail under the action of water flow, and so on, from back to front. When one collection bin is full, the isolation plate between the adjacent two collection bins is closed to avoid water flow entering the full collection bin again, improving the collection rate.
[0022] In addition, it is particularly preferred that the filtering collection system and the feeding system comprise four collection bins distributed on the fish body part and four separate feeding ports below the fish body, and the four collection bins are connected by a main control hollow shaft, so that the bionic microplastic collection device has a large collection capacity.
[0023] The propulsion fins, the diving fins and the tail fins make the bionic microplastic collection device have the advantages of high stability, small rotating radius, low disturbance and good flexibility.
[0024] The utility model discloses a propulsion system and a control system are unified. The traditional underwater robot uses a propeller and a rudder as a propulsion system and a control system respectively, and the structure is relatively complex. However, the propeller and the rudder function can be combined by adopting the chest fin and the tail fin swing propulsion mode. Therefore, the structure is simplified, the limited space of the underwater robot occupied by the complex structure is reduced, the effective volume is increased, the load is reduced, and important practical significance is achieved.
[0025] The bionic microplastic collection device has two energy conversion devices, i.e. a small water turbine and a solar panel. The devices are connected to the circuit and the storage battery of the entire bionic microplastic collection device. When the bionic microplastic collection device works, the energy conversion can be realized simultaneously. When the device does not work, the capacity generated by the solar panel can also be stored in the storage battery.
[0026] The utility model discloses a special alloy material with good watertightness, pressure resistance and corrosion resistance, and a porous medium material attached to the surface, which can reduce the sailing resistance and improve the endurance.
[0027] The utility model discloses a technical effect and advantage:
[0028] 1. The utility model discloses a propulsion fin and a diving fin are used for controlling the bionic fish body together, so that the bionic fish body can adjust the direction and the sinking height according to different water levels and water conditions in the water, and has high flexibility in the water. When the microplastic is collected, the sensor is connected to the diving fin, and after rising, the water in the collection bin is discharged through the filter screen, so that the resistance of the bionic fish body in the moving process is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.
[0029] 2. The utility model discloses a water turbine and a solar energy conversion device, which converts the water pressure encountered in the moving process into power to promote the movement of the bionic fish body, provides the power required for the operation of the device, and saves the additional energy. At the same time, the large-area solar panel above the bionic fish body shell adopts a vacuum design, which not only saves the volume, but also increases the energy utilization rate. DRAWINGS
[0030] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the utility model;
[0031] Figure 2 It is a local structure schematic view of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0033] As Figure 1 And Figure 2 , the small bionic micro-plastic collection device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water comprises a bionic fish body composed of an upper fish body 1 and a lower fish body 2; a propeller fin 3 is located at the middle of both sides of the bionic fish body and serves to push; a sink-and-float fin 4 is located at the chest and abdomen of the lower fish body of the bionic fish body and serves to control the sinking and floating of the bionic fish body; a tail fin 5 is located at the tail of the bionic fish body and serves to adjust the moving direction of the bionic fish body; an energy system 6, a filtering and collecting system, an automatic control system 7, a releasing system, an absorption system and a communication system are installed inside the bionic fish body;
[0034] The energy system 6 comprises a solar panel 110, a small water turbine 111 and a storage battery 201; the solar panel 110 is installed on the outer surface of the upper fish body 1 of the bionic fish body, the small water turbine 111 is installed at the head of the bionic fish body as a generator, mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy through the generator, the storage battery 201 is installed at the tail of the bionic fish body, and the solar panel 110 and the small water turbine 111 are connected to the storage battery 201 through wires, and the storage battery 201 stores the electrical energy generated by the solar panel 110 and the small water turbine 111;
[0035] The filtering and collecting system comprises a collection bin 112, a filter screen 113, an automatic screen scraper 202 and a partition plate 203; a plurality of collection bins 112 are sequentially distributed inside the bionic fish body, each collection bin 112 is connected by a main control hollow shaft 118, so as to facilitate the centralized collection and discharge of micro-plastics; the filter screen 113 is used for filtering micro-plastics in water, allowing water to pass through while micro-plastics are intercepted in the collection bin 112, and the partition plate 203 is located between adjacent collection bins 112, when one collection bin 112 is full, the partition plate 203 is closed to prevent water flow from entering the full collection bin 112 again;
[0036] The automatic control system 7 comprises a sensor 114 and a GPS 115; the sensor 114 is used for detecting the number of micro-plastics in the collection bin 112, is connected to the sink-and-float fin 4 and the propeller fin 3, and controls the rising and returning to the shore of the bionic fish body; the GPS 115 is used for positioning and controlling the route of the bionic fish body, is connected to the propeller fin 3 and the releasing system, and controls the movement of the device and the garbage releasing;
[0037] The communication system comprises a wireless control module 117.
[0038] The delivery system comprises a delivery port 116.
[0039] The absorption system is located at the head of the bionic fish body, and absorbs microplastics.
[0040] The propeller fin 3 comprises a crank rocker mechanism 101, a propeller fin transmission mechanism 102, a positioning pin 103, and a propeller fin steering engine 104; the crank rocker mechanism 101 is connected with the propeller fin steering engine 104, wherein three holes on the crank rocker mechanism 101 are connected with a steering disc of the propeller fin steering engine 104, and the propeller fin steering engine 104 is continuously rotated to drive the movement of the crank rocker mechanism 101.
[0041] The sink and float fin 4 comprises a wing-shaped fin, a sink and float fin transmission system 105, a positioning pin 103, and a pressure sensor 106; the lower fish body chest and abdomen of the bionic fish body are connected with the sink and float fin 4, the transmission system is driven by different data of the pressure sensor 106 at different water levels, so that the bionic fish body sinks to a position capable of entering water, but the upper fish body 1 is always exposed to the water surface, so that the solar panel 110 works to provide power; when the collecting bin 112 is full, the sensor 114 is connected with the absorption system and the pressure sensor 106, the absorption system is automatically closed, the sink and float fin 4 works, and the bionic microplastic collecting device rises.
[0042] The tail fin 5 adopts a crescent-shaped tail fin, which generates vortex during the movement of the bionic fish body, and the vortex provides additional thrust for the bionic fish body.
[0043] The filter screen 113 of the filter and collection system is located on the surface of the bionic fish body, when the water and microplastics are sucked into the bionic fish body by the absorption system, the microplastics are left in the collecting bin 112, and the water flows back into the water body through the filter screen 113.
[0044] The automatic control system 7 is also connected with the sink and float fin 4 and the propeller fin 3, the sink and float fin 4 connected by the sensor 114 works to make the bionic fish body rise when the collecting bin 112 is full, the GPS 115 is connected with the propeller fin 3 and the delivery port 116, and the bionic fish body is controlled to return to the shore to automatically deliver the garbage.
[0045] The collecting bin 112 is provided with filter screens 113 on the left and right sides.
[0046] An automatic screen scraper 202 is arranged on the inner side of each filter screen 113, which is used for cleaning the microplastics on the filter screen 113.
[0047] When the absorption system of the bionic fish body collects microplastics, the collection bin door connected to the absorption system opens and moves to the last collection bin under the action of water pressure. During the movement of the bionic fish body driven by the propulsion fin 3 and the diving fin 4, the water pressure encountered will be converted into electrical energy by the small water turbine 111, which will be stored in the storage battery 201. The solar panels 110 installed on the bionic fish body will also convert solar energy into electrical energy required for movement and deliver it to the storage battery 201. After the collection bin 112 collects microplastics, it will rise to discharge excess water. The water passes through the filter screen 113 and returns to the original water body. The automatic scraper 202 starts to clean the microplastics on the filter screen 113, so that the microplastics remain in the collection bin 112.
[0048] When the microplastics in the collection bin 112 reach a certain weight and volume, the sensor 114 receives the induction, controls the absorption system to close, and the diving fin 4 moves to make the bionic fish body rise, reducing the resistance during the bionic fish body's return to the shore. When the bionic fish body rises to the highest position, the propulsion fin 3 returns to the shore according to the predetermined route under the joint control of the GPS 115 and the wireless control module 117. The wireless control module 117 is connected to the release port 116. After returning to the shore and stopping, the control release port 116 opens, and at this time the release port 116 is in working condition. The release port 116 will automatically close after the sensor 114 of the collection bin 112 senses that the microplastics have been released. The absorption system will automatically open, and the propulsion fin 3 and the diving fin 4 will also continue to move under the connection of the sensor 114 to collect microplastics in the water area. This process reduces the danger of manually collecting microplastics in the water area, and uses two energy devices to make the bionic fish body basically achieve self-production and self-sale during movement, reduce energy consumption, and reduce pollution to the environment. The streamlined design of the bionic fish body and the crescent-shaped tail fin 5 can reduce the resistance of the device running in water, and achieve the effect of cleaning the water body with low energy consumption and high efficiency.
Claims
1. A small biomimetic microplastic collection device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water, characterized in that, The bionic fish body consists of an upper body (1) and a lower body (2); propulsion fins (3) are located on both sides of the middle of the bionic fish body and play a propulsive role; buoyancy fins (4) are located on the chest and abdomen of the lower body of the bionic fish body and are used to control the sinking and floating of the bionic fish body; caudal fins (5) are located at the tail of the bionic fish body and play a role in adjusting the direction of movement of the bionic fish body; the bionic fish body is equipped with an energy system (6), a filtration and collection system, an automatic control system (7), a delivery system, an absorption system, and a communication system. The energy system (6) includes a solar panel (110), a small water turbine (111), and a storage battery (201). The solar panel (110) is installed on the outer surface of the upper fish body (1) of the bionic fish body. The small water turbine (111) is installed as a generator at the head of the bionic fish body, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The storage battery (201) is installed at the tail of the bionic fish body. The solar panel (110) and the small water turbine (111) are connected to the storage battery (201) through wires. The storage battery (201) stores the electrical energy generated by the solar panel (110) and the small water turbine (111). The filtration and collection system includes a collection chamber (112), a filter screen (113), an automatic scraper (202), and a partition plate (203). Multiple collection chambers (112) are arranged sequentially inside the bionic fish body. Each collection chamber (112) is connected by a main control hollow shaft (118) to facilitate the centralized collection and discharge of microplastics. The filter screen (113) is used to filter microplastics in the water, allowing water to pass through while microplastics are trapped in the collection chamber (112). The partition plate (203) is located between adjacent collection chambers (112). When a collection chamber (112) is full, the partition plate (203) closes to prevent water from flowing back into the full collection chamber (112). The automatic control system (7) includes a sensor (114) and a GPS (115); the sensor (114) is used to detect the amount of microplastics in the collection bin (112), and is connected to the buoyancy fin (4) and the propulsion fin (3) to control the rise and return of the bionic fish body to the shore; the GPS (115) is used to locate and control the course of the bionic fish body, and is connected to the propulsion fin (3) and the delivery system to control the movement of the device and the disposal of waste; The communication system includes a wireless control module (117). The delivery system includes a delivery port (116). The absorption system is located in the head of the bionic fish body and absorbs microplastics.
2. The small biomimetic microplastic collection device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The propulsion fin (3) includes: a crank rocker mechanism (101), a propulsion fin transmission mechanism (102), a positioning pin (103), and a propulsion fin servo (104); the crank rocker mechanism (101) is connected to the propulsion fin servo (104), wherein the three holes on the crank rocker mechanism (101) are connected to the servo disk of the propulsion fin servo (104), and the propulsion fin servo (104) drives the crank rocker mechanism (101) to move by rotating continuously.
3. The small biomimetic microplastic collection device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned sinking and floating fin (4) includes: wing-shaped fin, sinking and floating fin transmission system (105), positioning pin (103), and pressure sensor (106); the lower part of the bionic fish body is connected to the sinking and floating fin (4). The pressure sensor (106) drives the transmission system at different water levels, causing the bionic fish body to sink to a position where water can enter, but always keeping the upper part of the fish body (1) exposed above the water surface, so that the solar panel (110) can work and provide power; when the collection chamber (112) is full, the sensor (114) connects to the absorption system and the pressure sensor (106), the absorption system automatically shuts down, the sinking and floating fin (4) works, and the bionic microplastic collection device rises.
4. The small biomimetic microplastic collection device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tail fin (5) is crescent-shaped and generates vortices during the movement of the bionic fish body, which provide additional thrust to the bionic fish body.
5. The small biomimetic microplastic collection device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter screen (113) of the filtration and collection system is located on the surface of the bionic fish. When water and microplastics are absorbed into the bionic fish by the absorption system, the microplastics are left in the collection chamber (112), while the water flows back into the water body through the filter screen (113).
6. The small biomimetic microplastic collection device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic control system (7) is also connected to the buoyancy fin (4) and the propulsion fin (3). When the collection bin (112) is full, the buoyancy fin (4) connected to the sensor (114) makes the bionic fish body rise. The GPS (115) is connected to the propulsion fin (3) and the disposal port (116) to control the bionic fish body to return to the shore and automatically dispose of garbage.
7. The small biomimetic microplastic collection device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water according to claim 1, characterized in that... The collection chamber (112) is equipped with filter screens (113) on both the left and right sides.
8. The small biomimetic microplastic collection device driven by solar energy and pressure energy in water according to claim 1, characterized in that... Each filter screen (113) has an automatic scraper (202) on its inner side for cleaning microplastics on the filter screen (113).