Assembly device
By coordinating positioning and guiding mechanisms, along with tilting guide holes and adjustment components, precise assembly of small and large components is achieved, solving the problem of insufficient positional accuracy in mechanized assembly and improving assembly yield and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, mechanized assembly methods suffer from insufficient relative positional accuracy between small and large components, resulting in low assembly yield.
The positioning mechanism supports and positions the second workpiece, and the guiding mechanism realizes the correspondence between the guide hole and the position to be assembled through the driving component and the guide component. The assembly mechanism realizes the precise assembly and position correction of the first workpiece through the coordinated action of the assembly driving component, the adjusting component and the assembly gripper, combined with the tilting guide hole and the adjusting component.
It improves assembly accuracy and yield, ensures precise alignment between small and large components, reduces assembly errors, and enhances assembly efficiency and precision.
Smart Images
Figure CN223960825U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of assembly equipment technology, and specifically to an assembly device. Background Technology
[0002] In the assembly process of electronic products, it is usually necessary to precisely assemble multiple small components onto large components. Currently, common assembly methods include manual assembly and mechanized assembly. Manual assembly suffers from high labor intensity, low efficiency, and difficulty in guaranteeing assembly accuracy. Mechanized assembly typically uses robotic arms or other driven mechanisms to move grippers that grasp small components and assemble them onto larger components. However, in actual operation, positional errors can easily occur when the driven mechanism moves the gripper, resulting in insufficient relative positional accuracy between the small and large components, thus reducing assembly yield. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the above, it is necessary to propose an assembly device that can automatically assemble a first workpiece onto a second workpiece, which has high work efficiency and can also correct the position of the first workpiece, resulting in a high assembly yield.
[0004] This application provides an assembly device for assembling a first workpiece onto a second workpiece, comprising: a positioning mechanism for supporting and positioning the second workpiece; and a guiding mechanism including a driving component and a guiding component, wherein the driving component is disposed adjacent to the positioning mechanism, and the guiding component includes a guide member connected to the driving component and mounted above the positioning mechanism. The driving component drives the guide member to move toward or away from the positioning mechanism, thereby moving the guide member closer to or away from the second workpiece. The guide member has a guide hole extending vertically through the guide member, the sidewall of the guide hole is inclined, and the cross-sectional area of the guide hole extends vertically. The distance from the positioning mechanism gradually increases; and the assembly mechanism includes an assembly drive, an adjustment component, and an assembly gripper. The assembly drive is disposed adjacent to the positioning mechanism and the guide mechanism. The adjustment component is connected to the assembly drive, and the assembly gripper is connected to the adjustment component. The assembly gripper is used to grasp a first workpiece. The assembly drive is used to drive the adjustment component and the assembly gripper to move so that the first workpiece passes through the guide hole and is then assembled onto the second workpiece. The adjustment component is used to adjust the position of the first workpiece in conjunction with the guide hole to correct the position of the first workpiece.
[0005] The aforementioned assembly device supports and positions the second workpiece via a positioning mechanism. A driving component in the guiding mechanism drives a guiding component to abut against the second workpiece, aligning the guide hole in the guide component with the position of the first workpiece to be assembled on the second workpiece. The assembly mechanism, through the coordinated action of the assembly driving component, adjusting component, and assembly gripper, achieves the gripping and assembly of the first workpiece. During assembly, the assembly gripper grasps the first workpiece and extends into the guide hole. The sidewall of the guide hole is inclined, and its cross-sectional area gradually increases in the direction away from the positioning mechanism. This allows the first workpiece to automatically adjust its position as it passes through the guide hole, reducing assembly errors and improving assembly accuracy. The adjusting component, in conjunction with the guide hole, can fine-tune the position of the first workpiece, ensuring precise alignment with the position to be assembled on the second workpiece, further improving assembly yield and accuracy.
[0006] In some embodiments, the assembly device further includes a secondary positioning mechanism disposed on the side of the guide mechanism opposite to the positioning mechanism. The secondary positioning mechanism includes: a support plate having a positioning hole and a support portion, the positioning hole penetrating the support plate, the support portion being disposed on the inner wall of the positioning hole, and the upper side of the support portion being lower than the upper opening of the positioning hole, the support portion being used to support the first workpiece; a positioning plate disposed on the lower side of the support plate, the positioning plate having a pushing portion on the side facing the support plate, the pushing portion being movably inserted into the positioning hole and disposed opposite to the support portion, the pushing portion corresponding to two adjacent sides of the first workpiece; and a positioning drive member connected to the positioning plate, the positioning drive member being used to drive the positioning plate to move, so that the pushing portion pushes the first workpiece against the side wall of the positioning hole to position the first workpiece.
[0007] In some embodiments, the driving assembly includes: a guide drive member disposed adjacent to the positioning mechanism, the guide drive member including a body portion and a drive shaft; a connector slidably connected to the drive shaft, the end of the connector away from the drive shaft being mounted above the positioning mechanism, and the guide member disposed at the end of the connector away from the drive shaft; a first elastic member sleeved on the drive shaft, with both ends of the first elastic member respectively connected to the end of the drive shaft away from the body portion and the connector; and a bracket disposed between the guide drive member and the positioning mechanism, the bracket extending along the movement direction of the drive shaft, and the connector slidably connected to the bracket; wherein the body portion is used to drive the drive shaft to extend or retract from the body portion, so as to pull the connector away from the positioning mechanism by the first elastic member, or to push the connector toward the positioning mechanism by the first elastic member.
[0008] In some embodiments, the connector has a receiving hole, the guide includes a guide portion and a connecting portion connected to each other, the guide portion is movably disposed in the receiving hole, and the cross-sectional area of the guide portion is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the receiving hole, and the connecting portion is slidably connected to the connector in the horizontal direction.
[0009] In some embodiments, the guide assembly further includes: a reset member connected to the connector and disposed opposite to the connecting portion; and a second elastic member disposed between the connecting portion and the reset member, wherein the two ends of the second elastic member abut against the connecting portion and the reset member respectively, and the second elastic member is used to push the connecting portion to move so as to drive the guide portion to reset.
[0010] In some embodiments, the second workpiece is provided with an assembly protrusion for connecting to the first workpiece; the guide member is also provided with a correction hole, the correction hole is provided on the side of the guide member facing the positioning mechanism and communicates with the guide hole, the correction hole is adapted to the structure of the assembly protrusion, and a correction slope is provided at the end of the correction hole away from the guide hole. When the guide member abuts against the second workpiece, the correction slope abuts against the assembly protrusion to guide the guide member to move, thereby correcting the position of the guide member abutting against the second workpiece.
[0011] In some embodiments, the adjustment assembly includes: an adjustment bracket connected to the assembly drive component; an adjustment drive component connected to the adjustment bracket; a first connecting plate connected to the adjustment drive component; a first sliding unit including a first sliding plate, two first stop plates, and two third elastic members, wherein the first sliding plate is slidably connected to the first connecting plate, the two first stop plates are respectively disposed on both sides of the first sliding plate along its sliding direction, the two third elastic members are respectively disposed corresponding to the two first stop plates, and the two ends of each third elastic member are respectively connected to the first connecting plate and the corresponding first stop plate; and a second sliding unit including a second sliding plate, two second stop plates, and two fourth elastic members, wherein the second sliding plate is slidably connected to the side of the first sliding plate opposite to the first connecting plate, and the sliding direction of the second sliding plate is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the first sliding plate, the side of the second sliding plate opposite to the first sliding plate is connected to the assembly gripper, the two second stop plates are respectively disposed on both sides of the second sliding plate along its sliding direction, the two fourth elastic members are respectively disposed corresponding to the two second stop plates, and the two ends of each fourth elastic member are respectively connected to the first sliding plate and the corresponding second stop plate.
[0012] In some embodiments, the adjustment assembly further includes: a second connecting plate connected to the adjustment drive member; a plurality of sliding columns, one end of each of the plurality of sliding columns being fixedly connected to the first connecting plate and the other end of each of the plurality of sliding columns being slidably connected to the second connecting plate; and a plurality of fifth elastic members disposed between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, the fifth elastic members being used to push the first connecting plate away from the second connecting plate.
[0013] In some embodiments, the positioning mechanism includes: a lifting assembly, including a lifting drive member and a lifting plate, the lifting drive member being disposed adjacent to the drive assembly, the lifting plate being connected to the lifting drive member, the lifting plate being used to carry the second workpiece, and the lifting drive member being used to drive the lifting plate and the second workpiece to rise or fall; and a holding assembly, including a holding drive member and a holding member, the holding drive member being disposed close to the lifting drive member, the holding member being connected to the holding drive member, and the holding drive member being used to drive the holding member to move toward the lifting plate to cooperate with the lifting plate in positioning the second workpiece.
[0014] In some embodiments, the assembly apparatus further includes a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprising: a transmission component including two spaced-apart transmission tracks extending horizontally for transmitting the second workpiece horizontally, the positioning mechanism being disposed between the two transmission tracks; and a plurality of stop components, each disposed between the two transmission tracks and respectively disposed on both sides of the positioning mechanism along the transmission direction of the transmission tracks, each stop component including a stop drive and a stop member connected to the stop drive, the stop drive being used to drive the stop member to rise or fall, thereby stopping or releasing the second workpiece on the transmission track. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly device provided in an embodiment of this application.
[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the guide mechanism of the assembly device.
[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows an exploded view of the connecting parts and guide components of the guide mechanism.
[0018] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural cross-sectional view of the assembly device in its pre-assembly state.
[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 1The diagram shows the structural schematic of the adjustment components and assembly gripper of the assembly mechanism.
[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows an exploded view of the adjustment components and assembly gripper.
[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the exploded structure of the secondary positioning mechanism of the assembly device.
[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structural schematics of the positioning mechanism and the transmission mechanism of the assembly device.
[0023] Key component symbols: Assembly device 100, positioning mechanism 10, lifting assembly 11, lifting drive 111, lifting plate 112, holding assembly 12, holding drive 121, holding 122, guide mechanism 20, drive assembly 21, guide drive 211, body 2111, drive shaft 2112, connector 212, receiving hole 2121, first elastic element 213, bracket 214, guide assembly 22, guide element 221, guide hole 2211, guide part 2212, connecting part 2213, correction hole 2214, correction inclined surface 2215, reset element 222, second elastic element 223, assembly mechanism 30, assembly drive 31, adjusting assembly 32, adjusting bracket 321, adjusting drive Component 322, first connecting plate 323, first sliding unit 324, first sliding plate 3241, first stop plate 3242, third elastic element 3243, second sliding unit 325, second sliding plate 3251, second stop plate 3252, fourth elastic element 3253, second connecting plate 326, sliding column 327, fifth elastic element 328, assembly gripper 33, secondary positioning mechanism 40, support plate 41, positioning hole 411, support part 412, positioning plate 42, pushing part 421, positioning drive element 43, transmission mechanism 50, transmission assembly 51, transmission track 511, stop assembly 52, stop drive element 521, stop element 522, first workpiece 200, second workpiece 300, assembly protrusion 301. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.
[0025] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, it should be noted that "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0026] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between the two components; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0027] The embodiments of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0028] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 This application provides an assembly device 100 for assembling a first workpiece 200 onto a second workpiece 300. The first workpiece 200 can be a small, sheet-like component, such as a component of an electronic product like a mobile phone or tablet. The second workpiece 300 is a larger component, such as the back cover or mid-frame of an electronic product like a mobile phone or tablet, or it can be a positioning fixture. The assembly device 100 includes a positioning mechanism 10, a guiding mechanism 20, and an assembly mechanism 30.
[0029] Specifically, the positioning mechanism 10 is used to support and position the second workpiece 300. The positioning mechanism 10 can ensure that the second workpiece 300 remains stable during the assembly process and avoid assembly errors caused by the movement or vibration of the second workpiece 300.
[0030] Please see also Figure 4The guiding mechanism 20 includes a driving component 21 and a guiding component 22. The driving component 21 is disposed adjacent to the positioning mechanism 10. The guiding component 22 includes a guide member 221 connected to the driving component 21 and mounted above the positioning mechanism 10. The driving component 21 is used to drive the guide member 221 to move toward or away from the positioning mechanism 10, so that the guide member 221 is close to or away from the second workpiece 300. The guide member 221 is provided with a guide hole 2211 that penetrates the guide member 221 in a vertical direction. The sidewall of the guide hole 2211 is inclined and the cross-sectional area of the guide hole 2211 gradually increases in the direction away from the positioning mechanism 10.
[0031] The guide member 221 can be a block structure. The structure of the guide hole 2211 is adapted to the structure of the first workpiece 200. For example, if the first workpiece 200 is rectangular, the cross-section of the guide hole 2211 is a corresponding rectangular structure; if the first workpiece 200 is circular, the cross-section of the guide hole 2211 is a corresponding circular structure. The guide hole 2211 is roughly trumpet-shaped. When the first workpiece 200 passes through the guide hole 2211, the sidewall of the guide hole 2211 can guide the position of the first workpiece 200 on the horizontal plane, ensuring that the positions of the first workpiece 200 and the first workpiece 200 to be assembled on the second workpiece 300 are precisely aligned, improving assembly accuracy. In this embodiment, multiple first workpieces 200 can be assembled on the second workpiece 300, such as two, three, or four. The number of guide members 221 is correspondingly set to multiple, such as two, three, or four, and the position of the guide member 221 corresponds one-to-one with the position of each first workpiece 200 to be assembled on the second workpiece 300.
[0032] Please see also Figure 5 and Figure 6 The assembly mechanism 30 includes an assembly drive component 31, an adjustment component 32, and an assembly gripper 33. The assembly drive component 31 is disposed adjacent to the positioning mechanism 10 and the guide mechanism 20. The adjustment component 32 is connected to the assembly drive component 31, and the assembly gripper 33 is connected to the adjustment component 32. The assembly gripper 33 is used to grasp the first workpiece 200. The assembly drive component 31 is used to drive the adjustment component 32 and the assembly gripper 33 to move so that the first workpiece 200 passes through the guide hole 2211 and is then assembled onto the second workpiece 300. The adjustment component 32 is used to adjust the position of the first workpiece 200 in conjunction with the guide hole 2211 to correct the position of the first workpiece 200.
[0033] The assembly drive component 31 can be a drive component such as a robotic arm, allowing the adjustment component 32 and the assembly gripper 33 to move freely in three-dimensional space. The assembly gripper 33 can be a clamping gripper, a suction nozzle, etc. In this embodiment, multiple adjustment components 32 can be provided, such as two, three, or four. The number of assembly grippers 33 can be consistent with the number of adjustment components 32, or there can be two, three, or four, etc., so that multiple first workpieces 200 can be grasped simultaneously, thereby improving assembly efficiency. During material handling, the assembly drive component 31 drives the adjustment component 32 and the assembly gripper 33 to grasp the first workpiece 200 from the feeding mechanism such as the material tray, and assembles the first workpiece 200 onto the second workpiece 300.
[0034] The assembly device 100 provided in this embodiment can support and position the second workpiece 300 through the positioning mechanism 10. The driving component 21 in the guiding mechanism 20 can drive the guiding component 22 to abut against the second workpiece 300, so that the guiding hole 2211 in the guiding component 221 corresponds to the position of the first workpiece 200 to be assembled on the second workpiece 300. The assembly mechanism 30 realizes the gripping and assembly of the first workpiece 200 through the coordinated action of the assembly driving component 31, the adjusting component 32, and the assembly gripper 33. During assembly, the assembly gripper 33 grasps the first workpiece 200 and extends into the guide hole 2211. The sidewall of the guide hole 2211 is inclined and its cross-sectional area gradually increases in the direction away from the positioning mechanism 10, so that the first workpiece 200 can automatically adjust its position when passing through the guide hole 2211, reducing assembly errors and improving assembly accuracy. The adjustment component 32 cooperates with the guide hole 2211 to fine-tune the position of the first workpiece 200, ensuring that it is precisely aligned with the assembly position of the second workpiece 300, further improving the assembly yield and assembly accuracy.
[0035] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 7 The assembly device 100 also includes a secondary positioning mechanism 40, which is located on the side of the guide mechanism 20 away from the positioning mechanism 10. The secondary positioning mechanism 40 includes a support plate 41, a positioning plate 42, and a positioning drive component 43.
[0036] The support plate 41 is provided with a positioning hole 411 and a support part 412. The positioning hole 411 penetrates the support plate 41, and the support part 412 is disposed on the inner wall of the positioning hole 411, with the upper side of the support part 412 being lower than the upper opening of the positioning hole 411. The support part 412 is used to support the first workpiece 200. In this embodiment, the support plate 41 may be provided with multiple positioning holes 411, such as two, three, four, etc., and each positioning hole 411 is provided with a support part 412.
[0037] A positioning plate 42 is disposed on the lower side of a support plate 41. A pushing part 421 is provided on the side of the positioning plate 42 facing the support plate 41. The pushing part 421 is movably inserted into a positioning hole 411 and is disposed opposite to the support part 412. The pushing part 421 corresponds to two adjacent sides of the first workpiece 200. In this embodiment, the pushing part 421 is approximately L-shaped and has two sides. Multiple pushing parts 421 can be provided, such as two, three, or four. Each pushing part 421 is respectively disposed in a positioning hole 411 and is disposed opposite to the support part 412 in the positioning hole 411.
[0038] The positioning drive 43 is connected to the positioning plate 42. The positioning drive 43 drives the positioning plate 42 to move, so that the pushing part 421 pushes against the side wall of the positioning hole 411 to position the first workpiece 200. The positioning drive 43 can be a cylinder or the like. The angle between the direction of the positioning drive 43 driving the positioning plate 42 to move and the extension direction of the positioning plate 42 is 45°, that is, the positioning drive 43 drives the positioning plate 42 to move obliquely, so that the two sides of the pushing part 421 move towards the support part 412 at the same time.
[0039] The working process of the secondary positioning mechanism 40 is roughly as follows: the assembly gripper 33 moves the first workpiece 200 to place it on the support portion 412 of the support plate 41, and then the assembly gripper 33 releases the first workpiece 200. Then, the positioning drive 43 drives the positioning plate 42 to move obliquely, and the pushing portion 421 on the positioning plate 42 moves towards the first workpiece 200 in the positioning hole 411, pushing against two adjacent side walls of the first workpiece 200 until the other two side walls of the first workpiece 200 abut against the side walls of the positioning hole 411, thus completing the secondary positioning of the first workpiece 200. Then, the positioning drive 43 drives the positioning plate 42 to reset, the pushing portion 421 moves away from the first workpiece 200, and the assembly gripper 33 grasps the first workpiece 200 after secondary positioning on the support portion 412. By performing secondary positioning of the first workpiece 200 through the secondary positioning mechanism 40, the positional accuracy of the first workpiece 200 during the material handling process is improved, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the assembly process.
[0040] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The drive assembly 21 includes a guide drive component 211, a connector 212, a first elastic component 213, and a bracket 214.
[0041] The guide drive 211 is disposed adjacent to the positioning mechanism 10. The guide drive 211 includes a body part 2111 and a drive shaft 2112. The guide drive 211 can be a cylinder, a telescopic motor, etc. The body part 2111 can be the cylinder body of a cylinder or the body of a telescopic motor, and the drive shaft 2112 can be the output shaft of a cylinder or a telescopic motor.
[0042] The connector 212 is slidably connected to the drive shaft 2112. The end of the connector 212 away from the drive shaft 2112 is mounted above the positioning mechanism 10. The guide 221 is located at the end of the connector 212 away from the drive shaft 2112. The connector 212 can be a plate-like structure, or the connector 212 can be composed of multiple plate-like structures fixedly connected.
[0043] The first elastic element 213 is sleeved on the drive shaft 2112, and the two ends of the first elastic element 213 are respectively connected to the end of the drive shaft 2112 away from the main body 2111 and the connecting member 212. The first elastic element 213 can be a spring or the like. In this embodiment, the first elastic element 213 is disposed on the side of the connecting member 212 away from the main body 2111.
[0044] A bracket 214 is disposed between the guide drive member 211 and the positioning mechanism 10. The bracket 214 extends along the movement direction of the drive shaft 2112, and the connecting member 212 is slidably connected to the bracket 214. Two brackets 214 may be provided. In this embodiment, the connecting member 212 drives the guide member 221 to move vertically closer to or further away from the positioning mechanism 10. Therefore, the guide drive member 211 drives the connecting member 212 to move vertically, thus allowing the bracket 214 to extend vertically. A slide rail may be provided between the bracket 214 and the connecting member 212 to improve the stability of the slidable connection between the connecting member 212 and the bracket 214.
[0045] The main body 2111 is used to drive the drive shaft 2112 to extend or retract from the main body 2111, so as to pull the connector 212 away from the positioning mechanism 10 through the first elastic member 213, or to push the connector 212 toward the positioning mechanism 10 through the first elastic member 213.
[0046] During assembly, the positioning mechanism 10 supports and positions the second workpiece 300. The drive shaft 2112 of the guide drive member 211 retracts, thereby driving the connecting member 212 toward the second workpiece 300 via the first elastic member 213, so that the guide member 221 abuts against the second workpiece 300. When the guide member 221 abuts against the second workpiece 300, the first elastic member 213 can act as a buffer to avoid damage to the second workpiece 300 due to rigid contact.
[0047] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The connector 212 has a receiving hole 2121. The guide 221 includes a guide portion 2212 and a connecting portion 2213 connected to each other. The guide portion 2212 is movably disposed within the receiving hole 2121, and the cross-sectional area of the guide portion 2212 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the receiving hole 2121. The connecting portion 2213 is slidably connected to the connector 212 in the horizontal direction. The guide portion 2212 of the guide 221 is movably disposed within the receiving hole 2121 of the connector 212, and the cross-sectional area of the guide portion 2212 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the receiving hole 2121, allowing the guide 221 a certain degree of freedom within the receiving hole 2121. This design allows the guide 221 to be finely adjusted according to the actual position of the first workpiece 200 being assembled, improving the flexibility of the device. The connecting portion 2213 of the guide 221 is slidably connected to the connector 212 in the horizontal direction, giving the guide 221 a certain degree of freedom in the horizontal direction. When the guide 221 abuts against the second workpiece 300, this sliding connection design can automatically correct the position of the guide 221, ensuring the alignment accuracy of the guide hole 2211 with the position of the first workpiece 200 to be assembled on the second workpiece 300, thereby improving the accuracy of assembly.
[0048] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The guide assembly 22 further includes a reset member 222 and a second elastic member 223. The reset member 222 is connected to the connector 212 and is disposed opposite to the connecting portion 2213. The second elastic member 223 is disposed between the connecting portion 2213 and the reset member 222, with its two ends abutting against the connecting portion 2213 and the reset member 222 respectively. The second elastic member 223 is used to push the connecting portion 2213 to move, thereby driving the guide portion 2212 to reset. The reset member 222 can be a block structure, and the second elastic member 223 can be a spring, etc. The reset member 222 can be provided with a groove for accommodating the second elastic member 223. In this embodiment, the guide member 221 is provided with a reset member 222 and a second elastic member 223 on both sides along its sliding direction. Thus, after the guide member 221 moves forward or backward along its sliding direction, it can be reset by the second elastic members 223 on both sides. When multiple guide members 221 are provided, a reset member 222 can be provided between two adjacent guide members 221. Each reset member 222 has a second elastic member 223 on both sides, corresponding to the two guide members 221. The reset member 222 and the second elastic member 223 enable the guide members 221 to quickly and accurately return to their initial position after assembly, avoiding cumulative errors caused by inaccurate reset and improving assembly consistency and reliability.
[0049] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The second workpiece 300 is provided with an assembly protrusion 301, which is used to connect the first workpiece 200. The second workpiece 300 may be provided with multiple assembly protrusions 301 for assembling multiple first workpieces 200. The number of assembly protrusions 301 can be two, three, four, etc.
[0050] The guide member 221 also has a correction hole 2214, which is located on the side of the guide member 221 facing the positioning mechanism 10 and communicates with the guide hole 2211. The correction hole 2214 is adapted to the structure of the assembly protrusion 301, and a correction slope 2215 is provided at the end of the correction hole 2214 away from the guide hole 2211. When the guide member 221 abuts against the second workpiece 300, the correction slope 2215 abuts against the assembly protrusion 301 to guide the guide member 221 to move, thereby correcting the position of the guide member 221 against the second workpiece 300. When the guide member 221 abuts against the second workpiece 300, the contact between the correction slope 2215 and the assembly protrusion 301 can guide the guide member 221 to automatically adjust its position, thereby achieving high-precision correction. This can improve the alignment accuracy between the guide member 221 and the second workpiece 300 during the assembly process and reduce assembly failures or defect rates caused by positional deviations. The correction slope 2215 enables the guide 221 to automatically adapt to the shape and position of the assembly protrusion 301 when it abuts against the second workpiece 300. Even if there are slight deviations during the assembly process, the correction slope 2215 can automatically adjust the position of the guide 221 through the slope guiding action to ensure smooth assembly.
[0051] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The adjustment assembly 32 includes an adjustment bracket 321, an adjustment drive component 322, a first connecting plate 323, a first sliding unit 324, and a second sliding unit 325. The adjustment bracket 321 is connected to the assembly drive component 31, providing support for the adjustment drive component 322. The adjustment drive component 322 is connected to the adjustment bracket 321 and can be a cylinder, etc. The first connecting plate 323 is connected to the adjustment drive component 322. To improve structural stability, the adjustment drive component 322 and the first connecting plate 323 can be respectively disposed on opposite sides of the adjustment bracket 321. The adjustment drive component 322 is connected to a drive rod, which passes through the adjustment bracket 321 and connects to the first connecting plate 323.
[0052] The adjustment assembly 32 includes an adjustment bracket 321, an adjustment drive component 322, a first connecting plate 323, a first sliding unit 324, and a second sliding unit 325. The adjustment bracket 321 is connected to the assembly drive component 31, providing support for the adjustment drive component 322. The adjustment drive component 322 is connected to the adjustment bracket 321 and can be a cylinder, etc. The first connecting plate 323 is connected to the adjustment drive component 322. To improve structural stability, the adjustment drive component 322 and the first connecting plate 323 can be respectively positioned on opposite sides of the adjustment bracket 321. The adjustment drive component 322 is connected to a drive rod that passes through the adjustment bracket 321 and connects to the first connecting plate 323.
[0053] The first sliding unit 324 includes a first sliding plate 3241, two first stop plates 3242, and two third elastic members 3243. The first sliding plate 3241 is slidably connected to the first connecting plate 323. The two first stop plates 3242 are respectively disposed on both sides of the first sliding plate 3241 along its sliding direction. The two third elastic members 3243 are respectively disposed corresponding to the two first stop plates 3242, and the two ends of each third elastic member 3243 are respectively connected to the first connecting plate 323 and the corresponding first stop plate 3242. A slide rail may be provided between the first sliding plate 3241 and the first connecting plate 323 to improve the stability of the sliding connection between the first sliding plate 3241 and the first connecting plate 323. The third elastic element 3243 can be a spring. When the first sliding plate 3241 is subjected to an external force, the first sliding plate 3241 slides relative to the first connecting plate 323 and squeezes or stretches the third elastic elements 3243 on both sides. When the external force is removed, the third elastic elements 3243 on both sides of the first sliding plate 3241 push or pull the first sliding plate 3241 to reset.
[0054] The second sliding unit 325 includes a second sliding plate 3251, two second stop plates 3252, and two fourth elastic members 3253. The second sliding plate 3251 is slidably connected to the side of the first sliding plate 3241 opposite to the first connecting plate 323, and the sliding direction of the second sliding plate 3251 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the first sliding plate 3241. The side of the second sliding plate 3251 opposite to the first sliding plate 3241 is connected to the assembly gripper 33. The two second stop plates 3252 are respectively disposed on both sides of the second sliding plate 3251 along its sliding direction. The two fourth elastic members 3253 are respectively disposed corresponding to the two second stop plates 3252, and the two ends of each fourth elastic member 3253 are respectively connected to the first sliding plate 3241 and the corresponding second stop plate 3252. A slide rail can be provided between the second sliding plate 3251 and the first sliding plate 3241 to improve the stability of the sliding connection between the second sliding plate 3251 and the first sliding plate 3241. The fourth elastic element 3253 can be a spring. When the second sliding plate 3251 is subjected to an external force, the second sliding plate 3251 slides relative to the first sliding plate 3241 and squeezes or stretches the fourth elastic elements 3253 on both sides. When the external force is removed, the fourth elastic elements 3253 on both sides of the second sliding plate 3251 push or pull the first sliding plate 3241 to reset.
[0055] It is understandable that the height of the first workpiece 200 in the tray may vary. In this case, adjusting the drive component 322 can drive the first connecting plate 323 to move, which in turn drives the first sliding unit 324, the second sliding unit 325, and the assembly gripper 33 to move, so that the assembly gripper 33 matches the position of the first workpiece 200 when picking up the material. During assembly, the assembly gripper 33 drives the first workpiece 200 into the guide hole 2211. The guide hole 2211 guides the position of the first workpiece 200, thereby driving the assembly gripper 33 to move on the horizontal plane. The first sliding unit 324 and the second sliding unit 325 cooperate to provide movement support for the movement of the first workpiece 200 and the assembly gripper 33 on the horizontal plane.
[0056] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The adjusting assembly 32 also includes a second connecting plate 326, multiple sliding columns 327, and multiple fifth elastic elements 328. The second connecting plate 326 is connected to the adjusting drive component 322. One end of each of the multiple sliding columns 327 is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 323, and the other end of each sliding column 327 is slidably connected to the second connecting plate 326. Multiple fifth elastic elements 328 are disposed between the first connecting plate 323 and the second connecting plate 326, and are used to push the first connecting plate 323 away from the second connecting plate 326. The number of sliding columns 327 can be two, four, etc., and the fifth elastic elements 328 can be springs, etc. In this embodiment, the fifth elastic elements 328 can be sleeved on the sliding columns 327 to improve stability. Through the cooperation of the second connecting plate 326, the multiple sliding columns 327, the multiple fifth elastic elements 328, and the first connecting plate 323, a buffering effect can be provided during assembly, preventing the first workpiece 200 from rigidly contacting the second workpiece 300.
[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 8 The positioning mechanism 10 includes a lifting assembly 11 and a holding assembly 12. The lifting assembly 11 includes a lifting drive member 111 and a lifting plate 112. The lifting drive member 111 is disposed adjacent to the transfer mechanism, and the lifting plate 112 is connected to the lifting drive member 111. The lifting plate 112 is used to carry the second workpiece 300, and the lifting drive member 111 is used to drive the lifting plate 112 and the second workpiece 300 to rise or fall. The holding assembly 12 includes a holding drive member 121 and a holding member 122. The holding drive member 121 is disposed close to the lifting drive member 111, and the holding member 122 is connected to the holding drive member 121. The holding drive member 121 is used to drive the holding member 122 to move towards the lifting plate 112, thereby cooperating with the lifting plate 112 to position the second workpiece 300.
[0058] The lifting drive component 111 can be a cylinder, etc., and the lifting plate 112 can be provided with a positioning structure adapted to the second workpiece 300, such as a positioning column or positioning block, to improve the stability of supporting the second workpiece 300 and improve the accuracy of positioning the second workpiece 300. The holding drive component 121 can be a rotary telescopic cylinder, and the holding component 122 can be a plate-like structure. The holding drive component 121 is used to drive the holding component 122 to rotate to the upper side of the second workpiece 300 and move towards the second workpiece 300, thereby cooperating with the lifting assembly 11 to clamp the second workpiece 300.
[0059] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 8The assembly device 100 also includes a transmission mechanism 50, which includes a transmission component 51 and multiple stop components 52. The transmission component 51 includes two spaced-apart transmission tracks 511 extending horizontally for horizontally transmitting the second workpiece 300. A positioning mechanism 10 is disposed between the two transmission tracks 511. The transmission tracks 511 can be conveyor wheels or conveyor belts, etc. The two transmission tracks 511 cooperate to support and transmit the second workpiece 300, thereby achieving automatic feeding of the second workpiece 300. Multiple stop components 52 are disposed between the two transmission tracks 511 and are respectively disposed on both sides of the positioning mechanism 10 along the transmission direction of the transmission tracks 511. Each stop component 52 includes a stop drive 521 and a stop member 522 connected to the stop drive 521. The stop drive 521 drives the stop member 522 to rise or fall, thereby stopping or releasing the second workpiece 300 on the transmission track 511. The number of stop components 52 can be two, four, etc., at least one stop component 52 is disposed on the rear side of the lifting component 11 along the transmission direction of the second workpiece 300, and at least one stop component 52 is disposed on the front side of the lifting component 11 along the transmission direction of the second workpiece 300.
[0060] When the transmission assembly 51 transmits the second workpiece 300, the stop assembly 52 located on the rear side of the lifting assembly 11 along the transmission direction of the second workpiece 300 moves. The stop drive member 521 of the stop assembly 52 drives the stop member 522 to rise, thereby stopping the second workpiece 300. When the second workpiece 300 moves above the lifting assembly 11, the lifting assembly 11 lifts the second workpiece 300 and cooperates with the holding assembly 12 to position the second workpiece 300. At the same time, the stop assembly 52 located on the front side of the lifting assembly 11 along the transmission direction of the second workpiece 300 moves. The stop drive member 521 of the stop assembly 52 drives the stop member 522 to rise, thereby stopping the subsequent movement of the second workpiece 300 on the transmission assembly 51 toward the lifting assembly 11. After assembly, the stop assembly 52 located on the rear side of the lifting assembly 11 along the transport direction of the second workpiece 300 moves. The stop drive 521 of the stop assembly 52 drives the stop 522 to descend, so that the assembled second workpiece 300 is moved out of the assembly device 100 under the drive of the transport assembly 51. Then, the stop assembly 52 located on the front side of the lifting assembly 11 along the transport direction of the second workpiece 300 moves. The stop drive 521 of the stop assembly 52 drives the stop 522 to descend, so that the next second workpiece 300 moves to the upper side of the lifting assembly 11.
[0061] It is understood that in this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 50 is equipped with multiple position sensors (not shown) to identify the position of the second workpiece 300, and then works in conjunction with the lifting assembly 11, the pressing assembly 12 and the stop assembly 52 to improve the accuracy of positioning the second workpiece 300.
[0062] The working process of the assembly device 100 provided in this embodiment is roughly as follows:
[0063] First, the assembly gripper 33 of the assembly mechanism 30 picks up the first workpiece 200 from the material tray, etc., and places the first workpiece 200 in the secondary positioning mechanism 40. The secondary positioning mechanism 40 then positions the first workpiece 200 for a second time. Then, the assembly gripper 33 takes out the first workpiece 200 after secondary positioning and waits for assembly.
[0064] The transmission component 51 and the stop component 52 in the transmission mechanism 50 cooperate with each other to move the second workpiece 300 to the upper side of the lifting component 11 and the pressing component 12 of the positioning mechanism 10. The lifting component 11 cooperates with the pressing component 12 to position the second workpiece 300.
[0065] Then, the guide component 22 in the guide mechanism 20 drives the connector 212 to move toward the second workpiece 300 via the guide drive 211, so that the guide 221 abuts against the second workpiece 300. When the guide 221 abuts against the second workpiece 300, it automatically corrects the position of the guide 221 by cooperating with the assembly protrusion 301 of the second workpiece 300 through the correction hole 2214, ensuring that the guide hole 2211 is precisely aligned with the assembly position of the second workpiece 300.
[0066] Next, the assembly drive 31 drives the adjustment assembly 32 and the assembly gripper 33 to move, so that the first workpiece 200 passes through the guide hole 2211 and is then assembled onto the second workpiece 300. During the assembly process, the guide hole 2211 guides and corrects the position of the first workpiece 200 to improve the positional accuracy of the first workpiece 200.
[0067] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this application. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this application is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced within this application.
[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this application.
Claims
1. An assembly device for assembling a first workpiece to a second workpiece, characterized by, The assembly device comprises: a positioning mechanism for supporting and positioning a second workpiece; a guiding mechanism comprising a driving assembly and a guiding assembly, the driving assembly is arranged adjacent to the positioning mechanism, the guiding assembly comprises a guiding member connected to the driving assembly and arranged above the positioning mechanism, the driving assembly is used to drive the guiding member to move towards or away from the positioning mechanism so as to make the guiding member close to or away from the second workpiece, the guiding member is provided with a guiding hole penetrating through the guiding member in a vertical direction, the side wall of the guiding hole is arranged in an inclined manner and the cross-sectional area of the guiding hole gradually increases in a direction away from the positioning mechanism; and an assembly mechanism comprising an assembly driving member, an adjusting assembly and an assembly hand claw, the assembly driving member is arranged adjacent to the positioning mechanism and the guiding mechanism, the adjusting assembly is connected to the assembly driving member, the assembly hand claw is connected to the adjusting assembly, the assembly hand claw is used to grab a first workpiece, the assembly driving member is used to drive the adjusting assembly and the assembly hand claw to move so as to drive the first workpiece to pass through the guiding hole and then assemble the first workpiece to the second workpiece, and the adjusting assembly is used to adjust the position of the first workpiece in cooperation with the guiding hole so as to correct the position of the first workpiece.
2. The assembly device according to claim 1, wherein the assembly device further comprises a secondary positioning mechanism arranged on a side of the guiding mechanism away from the positioning mechanism, the secondary positioning mechanism comprises: a support plate provided with a positioning hole and a support portion, the positioning hole penetrates through the support plate, the support portion is arranged on the inner wall of the positioning hole, and the upper side of the support portion is lower than the upper end opening of the positioning hole, and the support portion is used to carry the first workpiece; a positioning plate arranged on the lower side of the support plate, one side of the positioning plate towards the support plate is provided with a pushing portion, the pushing portion is movably inserted into the positioning hole and arranged opposite to the support portion, and the pushing portion corresponds to two side edges adjacent to the first workpiece; and a positioning driving member connected to the positioning plate, the positioning driving member is used to drive the positioning plate to move so as to push the first workpiece to the side wall of the positioning hole by the pushing portion, thereby positioning the first workpiece.
3. The assembly device according to claim 1, wherein the driving assembly comprises: a guiding driving member arranged adjacent to the positioning mechanism, the guiding driving member comprises a body portion and a driving shaft; a connecting member slidably connected to the driving shaft, one end of the connecting member away from the driving shaft is arranged above the positioning mechanism, and the guiding member is arranged on the one end of the connecting member away from the driving shaft; a first elastic member sleeved on the driving shaft, and two ends of the first elastic member are respectively connected to one end of the driving shaft away from the body portion and the connecting member; and a bracket arranged between the guiding driving member and the positioning mechanism, the bracket is arranged in an extending manner along the movement direction of the driving shaft, and the connecting member is slidably connected to the bracket; wherein The body part is used to drive the driving shaft to extend or retract the body part, so as to move the connecting piece away from the positioning mechanism by the first elastic member or move the connecting piece towards the positioning mechanism by the first elastic member.
4. The assembling device of claim 3, wherein, The connecting piece is provided with a receiving hole, the guide piece comprises a guide part and a connecting part connected with each other, the guide part is movably arranged in the receiving hole, and a cross-sectional area of the guide part is smaller than that of the receiving hole, and the connecting part is slidably connected to the connecting piece in a horizontal direction.
5. The assembling device of claim 4, wherein, The guide assembly further comprises: a reset member connected to the connecting piece and arranged opposite to the connecting part; and a second elastic member arranged between the connecting part and the reset member, two ends of the second elastic member abut against the connecting part and the reset member respectively, and the second elastic member is used to push the connecting part to move, so as to drive the guide part to reset.
6. The assembling device of claim 4, wherein, The second workpiece is provided with an assembling protrusion used to connect the first workpiece; The guide piece is further provided with a correction hole arranged on a side of the guide piece facing the positioning mechanism and communicating with the guide hole, the correction hole is adapted to the structure of the assembling protrusion, and an end of the correction hole away from the guide hole is provided with a correction inclined surface, when the guide piece abuts against the second workpiece, the correction inclined surface abuts against the assembling protrusion to guide the movement of the guide piece, so as to correct the position of the guide piece abutting against the second workpiece.
7. The assembling device of claim 1, wherein, The adjusting assembly comprises: an adjusting support connected to the assembling driving piece; an adjusting driving piece connected to the adjusting support; a first connecting plate connected to the adjusting driving piece; a first sliding unit comprising a first sliding plate, two first stop plates and two third elastic members, the first sliding plate is slidably connected to the first connecting plate, the two first stop plates are arranged on two sides of the first sliding plate along a sliding direction of the first sliding plate respectively, and the two third elastic members are arranged corresponding to the two first stop plates respectively, and two ends of each third elastic member are connected to the first connecting plate and the corresponding first stop plate respectively; and a second sliding unit comprising a second sliding plate, two second stop plates and two fourth elastic members, the second sliding plate is slidably connected to a side of the first sliding plate away from the first connecting plate, and a sliding direction of the second sliding plate is perpendicular to that of the first sliding plate, the side of the second sliding plate away from the first sliding plate is connected to the assembling claw, the two second stop plates are arranged on two sides of the second sliding plate along a sliding direction of the second sliding plate respectively, and the two fourth elastic members are arranged corresponding to the two second stop plates respectively, and two ends of each fourth elastic member are connected to the first sliding plate and the corresponding second stop plate respectively.
8. The assembling device of claim 7, wherein the adjusting assembly further comprises: a second connecting plate connected to the adjusting driving member; a plurality of sliding columns, one end of each of the plurality of sliding columns being fixedly connected to the first connecting plate, and the other end of each of the plurality of sliding columns being slidably connected to the second connecting plate; and a plurality of fifth elastic members arranged between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, the fifth elastic members being configured to push the first connecting plate away from the second connecting plate.
9. The assembling device of claim 1, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises: a jacking assembly comprising a jacking driving member and a jacking plate, the jacking driving member being arranged adjacent to the driving assembly, the jacking plate being connected to the jacking driving member, the jacking plate being configured to carry the second workpiece, the jacking driving member being configured to drive the jacking plate and the second workpiece to ascend or descend; and a pressing assembly comprising a pressing driving member and a pressing member, the pressing driving member being arranged adjacent to the jacking driving member, the pressing member being connected to the pressing driving member, the pressing driving member being configured to drive the pressing member to move towards the jacking plate to position the second workpiece in cooperation with the jacking plate.
10. The assembling device of claim 1, wherein the assembling device further comprises a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprising: a transmission assembly comprising two transmission tracks arranged at intervals, the two transmission tracks extending along a horizontal direction to transmit the second workpiece along the horizontal direction, the positioning mechanism being arranged between the two transmission tracks; a plurality of stop assemblies each arranged between the two transmission tracks and respectively arranged on two sides of the positioning mechanism along a transmission direction of the transmission tracks, each of the stop assemblies comprising a stop driving member and a stop member connected to the stop driving member, the stop driving member being configured to drive the stop member to ascend or descend to stop or release the second workpiece on the transmission tracks.