Ecological restoration device for efficient degradation of river and lake sediment sediments

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an efficient degradation ecological restoration device for river and lake bottom mud sediments. Comprising a stirring area, a filtering area, a pretreatment area, an enhanced treatment area, an algae culture area, an aquatic animal culture area and an effluent to-be-detected area which are sequentially arranged in the water flow direction. The utility model provides the efficient degradation and ecological restoration device for the sediment sediments of the rivers and the lakes, the degradation efficiency of sediment pollutants is remarkably improved, the risk of secondary pollution is reduced, the coordination of treatment and recycling is realized, and an efficient and sustainable solution is provided for ecological restoration of the rivers and the lakes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, and in particular to an efficient ecological restoration device for the degradation of river and lake sediments. Background Technology

[0002] The accumulation of pollutants (such as heavy metals, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, and organic pollutants) in river and lake sediments has become a major source of "endogenous pollution" in water bodies.

[0003] Existing sediment remediation technologies are mainly divided into physical, chemical and biological methods: (1) Physical methods (such as sediment dredging and covering) have problems such as large engineering volume, high cost, high risk of secondary pollution and difficulty in subsequent treatment; (2) Chemical methods (addition of iron salts, peroxides, etc.) are prone to abnormal transformation of pollutant forms, and have the risks of chemical toxicity and ecological risks; (3) Biological methods (phytoremediation, microbial remediation) are eco-friendly, but phytoremediation has a long cycle and is limited by environmental conditions, while microbial remediation requires long-term addition of specific strains and is difficult to screen and cultivate, which can easily lead to the risk of invasion of alien species.

[0004] In addition, existing technologies generally have the following defects: (1) Traditional methods often use a single treatment method, which makes it difficult to achieve multi-level synergistic degradation of pollutants; (2) Plant and microbial remediation is easily affected by environmental factors such as water temperature and dissolved oxygen, resulting in large fluctuations in treatment effect; (3) The bottom sediment and secondary products after remediation are not effectively converted and utilized, resulting in resource waste; (4) There is a lack of real-time monitoring and intelligent control, which relies on manual operation and has high operation and maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention provides an efficient ecological restoration device for the degradation of sediments in rivers and lakes, which significantly improves the degradation efficiency of pollutants in sediments, reduces the risk of secondary pollution, and achieves synergy between treatment and resource utilization, providing an efficient and sustainable solution for the ecological restoration of rivers and lakes.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: an efficient degradation and ecological restoration device for river and lake bottom sediments, comprising a stirring zone, a filtration zone, a pretreatment zone, an enhanced treatment zone, an algae cultivation zone, an aquatic animal cultivation zone, and an effluent testing zone arranged sequentially along the water flow direction.

[0007] The mixing zone is equipped with multiple agitators at its bottom; the filtration zone contains multiple layers of filter cotton; the pretreatment zone contains multiple plant fiber floating beds, emergent plants, and nitrifying bacteria packing; the enhanced treatment zone contains algae-bacteria symbiotic packing, which has floats and counterweights on its surface and a packing connecting rope at its bottom, forming a symbiotic system of immobilized algae and sludge; both the algae cultivation zone and the aquatic animal cultivation zone are equipped with aerators connected to multiple nano-aeration pipes; green algae are added to the algae cultivation zone to absorb remaining nutrients; triangular sail mussels, large daphnia, and silver carp are added to the aquatic animal cultivation zone to achieve ecological balance and water purification; the effluent inspection zone is equipped with a circulating water pump, water pipes, and an online water quality monitoring probe.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, emergent plants are planted on the floating bed and nitrifying bacteria packing material pre-treated with film is suspended at the bottom of the floating bed.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the emergent plants in the pretreatment zone are highly pollution-tolerant varieties, and the nitrifying bacteria packing material is pre-treated polyethylene material.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the pretreatment zone is provided with an impermeable enclosure, and multiple semi-permeable enclosures are provided between the pretreatment zone and the enhanced treatment zone for physical interception of suspended matter.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the semi-permeable enclosure is made of polyester cashmere cotton, with a woven three-dimensional mesh structure, and the fibers on the water-facing side are dense and thick.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the volume ratio of the stirring zone, filtration zone, pretreatment zone, enhanced treatment zone, algae cultivation zone, aquatic animal cultivation zone, and effluent inspection zone is 1:4:20:30:80:40:5.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the bacterial-algae symbiotic packing material is connected to the algae cultivation area through an overflow area, and the overflow holes are arranged 3-5cm above the enclosure.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the aquatic animal cultivation area is arranged in layers according to ecological niches, wherein the large daphnia is located in the upper layer, the triangular sail mussel and silver carp are located in the middle layer, and the shrimp are located in the lower layer.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: (1) This utility model forms a multi-level linkage treatment system by setting a stirring zone, a filtration zone, a pretreatment zone, an enhanced treatment zone, an algae cultivation zone, an aquatic animal cultivation zone and an effluent inspection zone along the water flow direction. It reduces the concentration of pollutants step by step, realizes the synergistic effect of physical interception, biodegradation and ecological transformation, and the comprehensive removal rate of pollutants can reach more than 95%, which significantly improves the efficiency of bottom sediment remediation.

[0016] (2) The online water quality monitoring probe of this utility model collects key parameters such as pH value, dissolved oxygen, and pollutant concentration in real time, and adjusts the operating status of the agitator, aerator and circulating water pump through the automatic control system.

[0017] (3) The bottom sediments restored by this utility model can be transformed into organic fertilizers or landfill materials through resource utilization technology; the high concentration of green algae produced in the algae cultivation area and the secondary products such as daphnia, shrimp and mussels in the aquatic animal cultivation area can be used as raw materials for aquaculture, realizing a closed loop of "pollution control-resource recycling-ecological aquaculture". Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of an efficient degradation and ecological restoration device for river and lake bottom sediments according to this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process principle of an efficient degradation and ecological restoration device for river and lake bottom sediments according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of an efficient degradation and ecological restoration device for river and lake bottom sediments according to this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of an efficient degradation and ecological restoration device for river and lake bottom sediments according to this utility model.

[0022] As shown in the figure: Detailed Implementation

[0023] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, and bottom mentioned or possibly mentioned in this specification are defined relative to their structure and are relative concepts. Therefore, they may vary depending on their location and usage; thus, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive terms.

[0024] The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this specification are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes one or more of the associated listed items, any or all possible combinations thereof.

[0025] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0026] This utility model provides the following: Figure 1-4 The device shown is an efficient degradation and ecological restoration device for river and lake bottom sediments, comprising, in sequence along the water flow direction, a mixing zone 101, a filtration zone 102, a pretreatment zone 103, an enhanced treatment zone 104, an algae cultivation zone 105, an aquatic animal cultivation zone 106, and an effluent testing zone 107.

[0027] The mixing zone 101 has multiple agitators 201 at its bottom; the filtration zone 102 has multiple layers of filter cotton 202; the pretreatment zone 103 has multiple plant fiber floating beds 203 and emergent plants and nitrifying bacteria packing 204; the enhanced treatment zone 104 has algae-bacterial symbiotic packing 205, which has floats and counterweights, and a packing connecting rope 206 at its bottom, forming a symbiotic system of immobilized algae and sludge; algae cultivation... Both the aquaculture area 105 and the aquatic animal culture area 106 are equipped with aerators 209, which are connected to multiple nano-aeration pipes 208. Green algae 207 are added to the algae culture area 105 to absorb the remaining nutrients. Triangular sail mussels 210, large daphnia 211, and silver carp and bighead carp 212 are added to the aquatic animal culture area 106 to achieve ecological balance and water purification. The effluent inspection area 107 is equipped with a circulating water pump and water pipes 213, as well as an online water quality monitoring probe 214.

[0028] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this utility model, emergent plants are planted on the floating bed 203 and nitrifying bacteria packing material with pre-film treatment is suspended at the bottom of the floating bed.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the emergent plants in the pretreatment zone 103 of this invention are highly pollution-tolerant varieties, and the nitrifying bacteria packing material is pre-treated polyethylene material.

[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this utility model, the pretreatment zone 103 is provided with an impermeable enclosure 301, and multiple semi-permeable enclosures 302 are provided between the pretreatment zone 103 and the enhanced treatment zone 104 for physical interception of suspended matter.

[0031] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the semi-permeable enclosure 302 in this utility model is made of polyester cashmere cotton, with a woven three-dimensional mesh structure, and the fibers on the water-facing side are dense and thick.

[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the volume ratio of the stirring zone 101, filtration zone 102, pretreatment zone 103, enhanced treatment zone 104, algae cultivation zone 105, aquatic animal cultivation zone 106, and effluent inspection zone 107 in this utility model is 1:4:20:30:80:40:5.

[0033] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this utility model, the bacterial-algae symbiotic packing material 205 and the algae cultivation area 105 are connected through an overflow area, and the overflow holes are arranged 3-5cm above the enclosure.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this utility model, the aquatic animal cultivation area 106 is arranged in layers according to ecological niches, wherein the large daphnia 211 is located in the upper layer, the triangular sail mussel 210 and the silver carp and bighead carp 212 are located in the middle layer, and the shrimp is located in the lower layer.

[0035] Working principle: In practical implementation, this utility model operates in synergy according to the following steps to achieve efficient degradation and resource utilization of pollutants in sediment:

[0036] (I) Sediment Release and Mixing

[0037] Multiple agitators 201 at the bottom of mixing zone 101 are activated to periodically agitate the sediment, ensuring that pollutants such as heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter in the sediment are fully released and uniformly mixed in the water. The agitation frequency and duration are automatically adjusted according to the sediment thickness and pollutant concentration to ensure that the pollutants are fully suspended without disrupting the dissolved oxygen balance of the water.

[0038] (II) Physical Interception and Preliminary Purification

[0039] The mixed wastewater flows into filtration zone 102, where it is filtered through multiple layers of filter cotton 202, which progressively intercepts large suspended solids (SS) and some colloidal substances, improving water transparency. The woven, three-dimensional mesh structure of the filter cotton effectively extends the water flow path, enhances its interception capacity, and prevents clogging.

[0040] (III) Biosynergistic Degradation

[0041] In the pretreatment zone 103, highly pollution-tolerant emergent plants such as cattails and reeds are planted on the plant fiber floating bed 203. Their roots absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the water, and their root secretions promote the proliferation of microbial communities on the nitrifying bacteria packing 204, degrading organic pollutants such as COD. The pre-filmed polyethylene packing suspended at the bottom of the floating bed provides an attachment carrier for nitrifying bacteria, accelerating the conversion of ammonia nitrogen into nitrate, and initially reducing pollutant concentration by more than 40%.

[0042] (iv) Enhanced treatment of bacterial-algae symbiosis

[0043] In the enhanced treatment zone 104, the surface of the algae-bacterial symbiotic packing material 205 is covered with immobilized algae and sludge, forming a symbiotic system. The design of the float and counterweight ensures that the packing material is evenly distributed in the water layer, and the packing material connecting rope 206 prevents displacement. Algae absorb CO2 and release oxygen through photosynthesis, promoting the complete decomposition of organic matter by aerobic bacteria; at the same time, algae enrich heavy metals and recalcitrant organic matter, and sludge further purifies the water through adsorption, reducing pollutant concentration by another 75%.

[0044] (V) Algal Proliferation and Resource Conversion

[0045] In the algae cultivation zone 105, dissolved oxygen is supplemented through nano-aeration pipes 208. Added green algae 207, such as Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus, proliferate rapidly, absorbing excess nitrogen and phosphorus and inhibiting eutrophication. High-density algae are harvested periodically and can be used as biofuel or feed, achieving resource utilization.

[0046] (vi) Purification and Balance of the Ecosystem

[0047] The aquatic animal cultivation area 106 is stratified according to ecological niches: the upper layer contains large Daphnia davidii 211 that filter-feeds on phytoplankton and organic detritus; the middle layer contains Triangular sail mussels 210 and silver carp and bighead carp 212 that feed on suspended particles and algae; and the lower layer contains shrimp that remove benthic organic matter. Through the food chain, pollutants are ultimately converted into biomass, further purifying the water and reducing pollutant concentrations by more than 95%. Aerator 209 maintains dissolved oxygen in the water, ensuring the activity of aquatic organisms.

[0048] (vii) Intelligent monitoring and cyclic control

[0049] The online water quality monitoring probe 214 in the effluent inspection area 107 monitors indicators such as pH, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and COD in real time. If the water quality meets the standards, the treated water is slowly discharged into the natural water body through the overflow hole; if the standards are exceeded, the circulating water pump 213 automatically starts and returns the water to the pretreatment area 103 for secondary treatment until the pollutant concentration meets the standards.

[0050] (viii) Resource recovery and system maintenance

[0051] After the remediated sediment passes testing, it can be recycled for soil improvement or landfill. Secondary products such as algae, daphnia, mussels, and fish are harvested regularly and used as feed or seedlings for aquaculture. During system operation, the automatic control system optimizes the stirring intensity, aeration rate, and water flow rate to reduce energy consumption and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0052] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A highly efficient ecological restoration device for the degradation of river and lake bottom sediments, characterized in that: The water treatment system comprises, in sequence along the water flow direction, a stirring area (101), a filtering area (102), a pretreatment area (103), a strengthening treatment area (104), an algae culture area (105), an aquatic animal culture area (106), and a water outlet area (107), The stirring area (101) is provided with a plurality of stirrers (201) at the bottom; the filtering area (102) is provided with a plurality of layers of filter cotton (202); the pretreatment area (103) is provided with a plurality of plant fiber floating beds (203) and emergent plant and nitrifying bacteria fillers (204); the strengthening treatment area (104) is provided with a bacteria-algae symbiotic filler (205), the bacteria-algae symbiotic filler (205) is provided with a floating ball and a counterweight, and the bottom of the bacteria-algae symbiotic filler (205) is provided with a filler connecting rope (206), forming a symbiotic system of immobilized algae and sludge; the algae culture area (105) and the aquatic animal culture area (106) are both provided with aerators (209) connected with a plurality of nano aerators (208), the algae culture area (105) is added with green algae (207) to absorb residual nutrients; the aquatic animal culture area (106) is added with triangle paddlefish (210), large daphnia (211), and hypophthalmichthys nobilis (212) to realize ecological balance and water purification; the water outlet area (107) is provided with a circulating water pump and a water pipe (213) and an online water quality monitoring probe (214).

2. The high-efficiency degradation ecological restoration device for river and lake sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating bed (203) is planted with emergent plants, and the floating bed is hung with pre-hanging membrane treatment nitrifying bacteria fillers at the bottom.

3. The high-efficiency degradation ecological restoration device for river and lake sediment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The emergent plants in the pretreatment area (103) are high-pollution-tolerant varieties, and the nitrifying bacteria fillers are pre-hanging membrane treatment polyethylene materials.

4. The high-efficiency degradation ecological restoration device for river and lake sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment area (103) is provided with a water-tight enclosure (301), and a plurality of semi-water-permeable enclosures (302) are arranged between the pretreatment area (103) and the strengthening treatment area (104) to physically intercept suspended solids.

5. The high-efficiency degradation ecological restoration device for river and lake sediment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The semi-water-permeable enclosure (302) is made of polyester woolen cotton and has a woven three-dimensional grid structure, and the water-facing surface is fine, thick and dense.

6. The high-efficiency degradation ecological restoration device for river and lake sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the stirring area (101), the filtering area (102), the pretreatment area (103), the strengthening treatment area (104), the algae culture area (105), the aquatic animal culture area (106), and the water outlet area (107) is 1:4:20:30:80:40:

5.

7. The high-efficiency degradation ecological restoration device for river and lake sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacteria-algae symbiotic filler (205) is connected with the algae culture area (105) through an overflow area, and the overflow holes are arranged at 3-5 cm above the enclosure.

8. The high-efficiency degradation ecological restoration device for river and lake sediment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aquatic animal culture area (106) is arranged in layers according to the ecological niche, wherein the large daphnia (211) is located in the upper layer, the triangle paddlefish (210) and the hypophthalmichthys nobilis (212) are located in the middle layer, and the shrimps are located in the lower layer.

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