Self-protection safety bone drill with real-time depth measuring function

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric drills, and particularly discloses a self-protection safety bone drill with a real-time depth measuring function, which comprises a casing, a battery and a driving motor are arranged in the casing, a motor switch is electrically connected between the battery and the driving motor, the driving motor is provided with a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is in transmission connection with a drill clamp. The drill clamp is connected with a drill bit; a first capacitive grating assembly is further arranged in the machine shell, a movable grating is fixed to the first capacitive grating assembly, the first capacitive grating assembly is connected with a second capacitive grating assembly in a penetrating mode, the second capacitive grating assembly is provided with a fixed grating ruler, a depth measuring rod is fixed to the second capacitive grating assembly, the depth measuring rod is connected with a depth measuring head, the drill bit penetrates through the depth measuring head, and the machine shell is provided with a digital display screen close to the driving motor. The drilling depth is measured in real time by arranging the movable grid and the fixed grid, and is displayed in real time through the digital display screen, so that a doctor can control the drilling progress in time, and the drilling safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of electric drill technology, specifically relating to a self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function. Background Technology

[0002] Bone drilling is a common surgical procedure in clinical surgery. From cranial biopsy in neurosurgery to spinal reconstruction in spinal surgery to joint replacement prosthesis installation in joint surgery, bone drills are required to drill holes in the surgical area.

[0003] In traditional bone drill designs, a high-speed rotating motor outputs power, which is then reduced in speed and increased in torque by a gearbox, driving the drill chuck and drill bit to complete the rotary drilling function. In clinical surgery, the operation of bone drill instruments relies entirely on the surgeon's experience and touch to identify the drilling depth and location. The interior and lower layers of the human skeleton are mainly composed of soft tissues such as bone marrow, nerves, and blood vessels. During orthopedic surgery, contact between surgical instruments and these soft tissues should be avoided as much as possible to prevent irreversible damage. However, because drilling requires the surgeon to apply pressure with both hands to achieve the desired effect, and because the surgeon cannot accurately predict the drilling depth, the applied force is usually not quickly withdrawn after the bone is drilled through. Therefore, it is impossible to completely avoid collateral damage to the body's soft tissues during surgery.

[0004] To address the issue that existing bone drills lack the function of measuring drilling depth, it is necessary to improve the structure of electric drills to solve the current technical problem. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function. It measures the drilling depth in real time by setting a moving grid and a fixed grid, and displays the depth information in a timely manner through a digital display screen, so that doctors can control the drilling progress in a timely manner and improve drilling safety.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function, comprising a housing, wherein a battery and a drive motor are provided inside the housing, and a motor switch is electrically connected between the battery and the drive motor;

[0007] The output shaft of the drive motor is equipped with a reducer, and the output end of the reducer is connected to a drill chuck, which is detachably connected to a drill bit.

[0008] A first capacitive grid assembly is detachably fixed inside the housing. A movable grid is detachably fixed to the first capacitive grid assembly. The movable grid is electrically connected to the battery. A second capacitive grid assembly is connected through the first capacitive grid assembly. A fixed grid scale is provided on the side of the second capacitive grid assembly near the movable grid. A depth measuring rod is detachably fixed to the end of the second capacitive grid assembly near the drill chuck. A depth measuring head is fixedly connected to the end of the depth measuring rod away from the second capacitive grid assembly. The drill bit passes through the depth measuring head.

[0009] The housing is equipped with a digital display screen near the drive motor. The digital display screen is electrically connected to the battery, and the moving grid is communicatively connected to the digital display screen.

[0010] To better realize this utility model, the housing is formed by two parts connected by a tenon and mortise structure. The housing forms a first receiving compartment and a second receiving compartment. The first receiving compartment is connected to the side wall of the second receiving compartment and is pistol-shaped.

[0011] To better realize this utility model, the battery and motor switch are both embedded in the first receiving compartment, and the motor switch is provided with a forward and reverse lever.

[0012] To better realize this utility model, a buzzer is also provided in the first receiving compartment. The buzzer is electrically connected to the battery and the forward / reverse lever, and the digital display screen is communicatively connected to the buzzer.

[0013] To better realize this utility model, the drive motor and the reducer are both embedded in the second receiving chamber, and the reducer and the drill chuck are connected by an elastic reset component and a one-way drive component.

[0014] To better realize this utility model, the elastic reset component includes a fixed sleeve. One end of the fixed sleeve is riveted to the housing of the drive motor and detachably fixed, and the other end is inserted through the housing. The outer wall of the fixed sleeve has a protrusion that abuts against the inner surface of the housing.

[0015] The fixed sleeve is coaxially connected to the drive shaft, and the drive shaft and the fixed sleeve are rotatably connected by a bearing. The drive shaft is connected to the output end of the reducer.

[0016] The drive shaft has a limiting groove away from the reducer. A spring and a connecting shaft are provided in the limiting groove. One end of the connecting shaft is movably inserted into the limiting groove, and the other end is fixedly connected to the drill chuck. The two ends of the spring abut against the drive shaft and the connecting shaft, respectively.

[0017] The connecting shaft has a locking block near the spring, and the limiting groove has a slot for the locking block to engage.

[0018] To better realize this utility model, two bearings are provided and spaced apart. A bushing is provided between the two bearings. A retaining ring is embedded in the transmission shaft near the reducer, and the bearing near the reducer abuts against the retaining ring.

[0019] To better realize this utility model, the card block is a cylindrical structure with its axis perpendicular to the connecting shaft, and the card slot is a U-shaped slot structure.

[0020] To better realize this utility model, the unidirectional drive assembly includes a mounting component and two opposing annular ratchet plates. The mounting component is fixedly connected to the drive shaft. The connecting shaft has a first mounting plate near the drive shaft. The mounting component has a second mounting plate parallel to the first mounting plate. The connecting shaft movably passes through the second mounting plate. The two ratchet plates are detachably mounted on the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, respectively.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] This invention allows the measuring rod to slide to the bone simultaneously with the drill bit contacting it. At this point, pressing the zeroing button on the digital display screen allows the measuring rod to move a distance equal to the drill depth when the drill bit reaches a certain depth. During the movement of the measuring rod, the digital display screen reads and displays the depth data in real time. By observing the drilling depth data, the doctor can control the drilling progress and reduce drilling pressure as needed. After drilling through the bone, the doctor can stop immediately, effectively ensuring the safety of the drilling and avoiding damage to other tissues of the patient. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bone drill;

[0024] Figure 2 A diagram showing the internal structure of the bone drill after one side of the casing has been removed.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a magnified view of point A;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a magnified view of point B;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the bone drill as seen from the drill bit towards the housing.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a CC section view;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a magnified view of point D (mainly showing the elastic reset component).

[0030] Figure 8 This is a magnified view of point D (mainly showing the unidirectional drive component);

[0031] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of part of the unidirectional drive component and the elastic reset component of this utility model.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 101. First receiving compartment; 102. Second receiving compartment; 2. Battery; 3. Motor switch; 4. Drive motor; 5. Reducer; 6. Drill chuck; 7. Drill bit; 8. First receiving grid assembly; 9. Moving grid; 10. Second receiving grid assembly; 11. Fixed grid ruler; 12. Depth measuring rod; 13. Depth measuring head; 14. Digital display screen; 15. Forward / reverse lever; 16. Buzzer; 17. Elastic reset assembly; 1701, Fixed sleeve; 1702, Drive shaft; 1703, Limiting groove; 1704, Bearing; 1705, Spring; 1706, Connecting shaft; 1707, Locking block; 1708, Locking groove; 1709, Protrusion; 1710, Bushing; 1711, Retaining ring; 1712, First mounting plate; 18, One-way drive assembly; 1801, Mounting component; 1802, Ratchet; 1803, Second mounting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function includes a housing 1, within which a battery 2 and a drive motor 4 are housed. The drive motor 4 is a 12V 36mm motor. A motor switch 3 is electrically connected between the battery 2 and the drive motor 4. The output shaft of the drive motor 4 is equipped with a reducer 5, and the output end of the reducer 5 is connected to a drill chuck 6. The drill chuck 6 is detachably connected to a drill bit 7. The drill chuck 6 uses a 0.8-8mm 3-8mm drill bit. The 24UNF wrench chuck; the drill chuck 6 is detachably connected to the drill bit 7; inside the housing 1, a first retaining grid assembly 8 is fixed by three screws (GB / T70.1-2000 hex socket head cap screw M2×3, GB71-85 slotted tapered set screw M2.5×3, and GB71-85 slotted tapered set screw M3×4 respectively). The first retaining grid assembly 8 is fixed to a moving grid 9 by screws (GB / T79-2000 hex socket head cap screw M2.5×3). The moving grid 9 is electrically connected to the battery 2. The first capacitive grid assembly 8 is connected to the second capacitive grid assembly 10. The side of the second capacitive grid assembly 10 near the moving grid 9 is provided with a fixed grid ruler 11. The end of the second capacitive grid assembly 10 near the drill chuck 6 is fixed with a depth measuring rod 12 by screws (M3×8 hexagonal flat head screws). The end of the depth measuring rod 12 away from the second capacitive grid assembly 10 is fixedly connected with a depth measuring head 13. The drill bit 7 passes through the depth measuring head 13. The housing 1 is provided with a digital display screen 14 near the drive motor 4. The digital display screen 14 is electrically connected to the battery 2. The moving grid 9 is communicatively connected to the digital display screen 14.

[0035] The working principle of this utility model can be summarized as follows:

[0036] When drilling is required, the user selects a suitable drill bit 7 and installs it on the drill chuck 6. The battery 2 provides power to the drive motor 4, and the drive motor 4 is controlled to rotate forward by the motor switch 3. When the drill bit 7 contacts the bone, the top of the measuring rod also slides to the bone. At this time, the zeroing button on the digital display 14 is pressed. When the drill bit 7 drills to a certain depth, the measuring rod moves the same distance as the depth along with the moving grid 9. During the movement of the measuring rod, the digital display 14 reads and displays the depth data in real time. By observing the drilling depth data, the doctor can grasp the drilling progress and reduce the drilling pressure in time so that the doctor can stop drilling in time after penetrating the bone. After drilling through the bone, the drive motor 4 stops running, and the depth information can be read through the digital display 14.

[0037] The drive motor 4 is reversed by the motor switch 3, and the drill chuck 6 and drill bit 7 gradually exit the hole; the motor reducer 5 is a device used to reduce the output speed of the motor and increase the output torque. It reduces the rotational motion of the motor and transmits the power to the load through a gear set or pulley mechanism, thereby achieving the purpose of deceleration.

[0038] Preferably, the housing 1 is formed by two parts connected by a tenon and mortise structure, which is convenient for disassembly and installation. The housing 1 forms a first receiving compartment 101 and a second receiving compartment 102. The first receiving compartment 101 is connected to the side wall of the second receiving compartment 102 and is pistol-shaped, which is convenient for the user to hold.

[0039] Preferably, both the battery 2 and the motor switch 3 are embedded in the first receiving compartment 101. The motor switch 3 is equipped with a forward / reverse lever 15. Most existing electric drills directly set forward and reverse switches, and the drilling and retraction operations of the drill bit 7 are completed by pressing different switches. However, this operation method has a certain risk of operation error. If the wrong switch is pressed when the hole needs to be retracted, drilling will continue and damage the part that does not need to be drilled. However, this application has a one-way drive component 18. Even if the hole needs to be retracted, the drill bit 7 will not continue to rotate if the motor switch 3 is pressed. Only by moving the forward / reverse lever 15 to adjust it to the reverse state of the drive motor 4, and then pressing the motor switch 3, will the drive motor 4 drive the drill bit 7 to rotate under the action of the one-way drive component 18, effectively eliminating the risk of misoperation.

[0040] Preferably, a buzzer 16 is also provided in the first receiving compartment 101. The buzzer 16 is electrically connected to the battery 2 and the forward / reverse lever 15. The digital display screen 14 is communicatively connected to the buzzer 16. In order to more clearly know the current rotation direction of the drive motor 4 of the electric drill, the present invention provides a buzzer 16 and electrically connects it to the forward / reverse lever 15. When the motor rotates forward, the buzzer 16 does not work. When the forward / reverse lever 15 is moved to reverse the motor, the buzzer 16 is powered on and starts working. The buzzer 16 will emit a prompt sound to indicate that it is in reverse, making the present invention safer and more reliable.

[0041] In addition, after the bone drill operator has predicted the bone depth through CT scans, he can set the depth value on the digital display screen 14. When the drill bit 7 reaches the depth value, the buzzer 16 will sound an alarm, which can protect the patient.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figure 5-9 A self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function differs from Embodiment 1 in that an elastic reset component 17 and a one-way drive component 18 are connected between the reducer 5 and the drill chuck 6. The drive motor 4, reducer 5, and elastic reset component 17 are all embedded in the second receiving chamber 102. In the state of not drilling or drilling through the object, due to the action of the elastic reset component 17 and the one-way drive component 18, when the drive motor 4 rotates forward, the drill chuck 6 and drill bit 7 cannot be driven to rotate. When the top of the drill bit 7... The drill bit 7 is pressed against the marked point to be drilled, and pressure is applied to the electric drill to keep the drill bit 7 pressed against the workpiece. Due to the action of the elastic reset component 17 and the one-way drive component 18, the drill chuck 6 and the drill bit 7 can be connected by transmission. The drill bit 7 starts to rotate and drill. When the drill bit 7 penetrates the workpiece, the resistance will drop suddenly and become smaller or disappear. Then, under the action of the elastic reset component 17, the one-way drive component 18 is disconnected from the drive motor 4. At this time, the drill bit 7 stops rotating, thereby preventing the drill bit 7 from continuing to rotate and drill, and damaging the parts that do not need to be drilled.

[0044] The specific structure and working principle of the elastic reset component 17 and the unidirectional drive component 18 are as follows:

[0045] The elastic reset assembly 17 includes a fixed sleeve 1701. One end of the fixed sleeve 1701 is riveted to the housing of the reducer 5 and then fixedly connected by screws (M3×8 socket head cap screws). The other end passes through the housing 1, and the outer wall of the fixed sleeve 1701 has a protrusion 1709 that abuts against the inner surface of the housing 1. The fixed sleeve 1701 is coaxially connected to the drive shaft 1702. The drive shaft 1702 and the fixed sleeve 1701 are rotatably connected by a bearing 1704. The bearing 1704 is a GB / T276-94 deep groove ball bearing 1704618. 01-2Z, the drive shaft 1702 is connected to the output end of the reducer 5; the drive shaft 1702 has a limiting groove 1703 away from the reducer 5, the limiting groove 1703 is provided with a spring 1705 and a connecting shaft 1706, one end of the connecting shaft 1706 is movably inserted into the limiting groove 1703, and the other end is fixedly connected to the drill chuck 6, the two ends of the spring 1705 are respectively abutted against the drive shaft 1702 and the connecting shaft 1706; the connecting shaft 1706 has a locking block 1707 close to the spring 1705, and the limiting groove 1703 has a locking groove 1708 for the locking block 1707 to be inserted. Before drilling or when penetrating the workpiece, the drill bit 7 is not under pressure. At this time, the locking block 1707 is not engaged in the slot 1708, and the connecting shaft 1706 is not linked with the transmission shaft 1702. Even if the drive motor 4 rotates, it will not drive the drill bit 7 to rotate. During the drilling process, the drill bit 7 is squeezed, the connecting shaft 1706 squeezes the spring 1705, the locking block 1707 is engaged in the slot 1708, and the connecting shaft 1706 is linked with the transmission shaft 1702. At this time, the drill bit 7 rotates to drill. After penetrating the workpiece, the pressure disappears, the connecting rod is pushed outward by the spring 1705, the locking block 1707 disengages from the slot 1708, the linkage disappears, and the drill bit 7 immediately stops rotating to drill.

[0046] Preferably, two bearings 1704 are provided and spaced apart. A bushing 1710 is provided between the two bearings 1704. A retaining ring 1711 is embedded in the drive shaft 1702 near the reducer 5. The retaining ring 1711 adopts the GB894.1-86 shaft elastic retaining ring 1711A type 12×1. The bearing 1704 near the reducer 5 abuts against the retaining ring 1711. This design facilitates the installation of the bearings 1704 and provides stable support for the drive shaft 1702 through the two bearings 1704.

[0047] Preferably, the locking block 1707 is a cylindrical structure with its axis perpendicular to the connecting shaft 1706, and the locking groove 1708 is a U-shaped groove structure. The use of the curved surface structure of the locking block 1707 and the locking groove 1708 makes the engagement of the two easier and smoother.

[0048] The one-way drive assembly 18 includes a mounting piece 1801 and two opposing annular ratchet plates 1802. The mounting piece 1801 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 1702. The connecting shaft 1706 has a first mounting plate 1712 near the drive shaft 1702. The mounting piece 1801 has a second mounting plate 1803 parallel to the first mounting plate 1712. The connecting shaft 1706 movably passes through the second mounting plate 1803. The two ratchet plates 1802 are respectively mounted to the first mounting plate 1712 and the second mounting plate 1803 by screws. The screws are M2×4 countersunk head screws. Through the structural design of the ratchet plate 1802, when the connecting shaft 1706 and the transmission shaft 1702 are not linked, when the drive motor 4 drives the transmission shaft 1702 to rotate forward, the inclined back surfaces of the two ratchet teeth will contact first. At this time, the ratchet plate 1802 mounted on the second mounting plate 1803 will push the ratchet plate 1802 mounted on the first mounting plate 1712 axially, so it will not drive the connecting shaft 1706 to rotate. Conversely, when the drive motor 4 drives the transmission shaft 1702 to rotate in reverse, the tooth surfaces of the two ratchet teeth will contact first. At this time, the ratchet plate 1802 mounted on the second mounting plate 1803 will push the ratchet plate 1802 mounted on the first mounting plate 1712 to rotate, thereby driving the connecting shaft 1706 to rotate, thus disengaging the electric drill.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A self-protecting safety bone drill with a real-time depth measurement function, characterized in that, Including the casing (1), battery (2) and drive motor (4) are equipped in the casing (1), motor switch (3) is electrically connected between battery (2) and drive motor (4); The output shaft of drive motor (4) is provided with a reducer (5), the output end of reducer (5) is drivingly connected with drill chuck (6), drill chuck (6) is detachably connected with drill bit (7); The first containing grid assembly (8) is also detachably fixed in the casing (1), the first containing grid assembly (8) is detachably fixed with dynamic grid (9), dynamic grid (9) is electrically connected to battery (2), second containing grid assembly (10) is connected through first containing grid assembly (8), the side of second containing grid assembly (10) close to dynamic grid (9) is provided with fixed grid ruler (11), the end of second containing grid assembly (10) close to drill chuck (6) is detachably fixed with depth measuring rod (12), the end of depth measuring rod (12) away from second containing grid assembly (10) is fixedly connected with depth measuring head (13), drill bit (7) penetrates through depth measuring head (13); The casing (1) is provided with digital display screen (14) close to drive motor (4), digital display screen (14) is electrically connected to battery (2), dynamic grid (9) is communicatively connected to digital display screen (14).

2. The self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The casing (1) is formed by two parts connected by mortise and tenon structure, the casing (1) forms first containing bin (101) and second containing bin (102), the first containing bin (101) is communicated with the side wall of the second containing bin (102), and the casing (1) is in the shape of a pistol.

3. The self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery (2) and the motor switch (3) are embedded in the first containing bin (101), and the motor switch (3) is provided with a forward and reverse turning lever (15).

4. The self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first containing bin (101) is also provided with a buzzer (16), the buzzer (16) is electrically connected to the battery (2) and the forward and reverse turning lever (15), and the digital display screen (14) is communicatively connected to the buzzer (16).

5. The self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive motor (4) and the reducer (5) are embedded in the second containing bin (102), and the reducer (5) and the drill chuck (6) are drivingly connected with an elastic reset assembly (17) and a one-way drive assembly (18).

6. The self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic reset assembly (17) comprises a fixed sleeve (1701), one end of the fixed sleeve (1701) is detachably riveted to the outer shell of the reducer (5), the other end penetrates the casing (1), and the outer wall of the fixed sleeve (1701) has a protrusion (1709) abutting the inner surface of the casing (1); The fixed sleeve (1701) coaxially penetrates a transmission shaft (1702), the transmission shaft (1702) and the fixed sleeve (1701) are rotatably connected through a bearing (1704), and the transmission shaft (1702) is connected to the output end of the reducer (5). The transmission shaft (1702) has a limiting groove (1703) away from the speed reducer (5), the limiting groove (1703) is provided with a spring (1705) and a connecting shaft (1706), one end of the connecting shaft (1706) is movably inserted into the limiting groove (1703), the other end of the connecting shaft (1706) is fixedly connected to the drill chuck (6), and the spring (1705) is abutted to the transmission shaft (1702) and the connecting shaft (1706) at two ends respectively. The connecting shaft (1706) has a clamping block (1707) close to the spring (1705), and the limiting groove (1703) has a clamping groove (1708) for embedding the clamping block (1707).

7. The self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The two bearings (1704) are provided in a spaced manner, and an axle sleeve (1710) is arranged between the two bearings (1704), the transmission shaft (1702) is embedded with a retaining ring (1711) close to the speed reducer (5), and the bearing (1704) close to the speed reducer (5) is abutted to the retaining ring (1711).

8. The self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping block (1707) is a cylindrical structure with an axis perpendicular to the connecting shaft (1706), and the clamping groove (1708) is a U-shaped groove structure.

9. The self-protecting safety bone drill with real-time depth measurement function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The one-way driving assembly (18) comprises a mounting piece (1801) and two annular ratchet plates (1802) arranged oppositely, the mounting piece (1801) is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (1702), the connecting shaft (1706) has a first mounting plate (1712) close to the transmission shaft (1702), the mounting piece (1801) has a second mounting plate (1803) parallel to the first mounting plate (1712), the connecting shaft (1706) movably penetrates through the second mounting plate (1803), and the two ratchet plates (1802) are detachably mounted on the first mounting plate (1712) and the second mounting plate (1803) respectively.

Images