Unstacker

Abstract

The utility model provides an unstacker. The unstacker comprises a rack, a book pushing mechanism and a book receiving mechanism, the rack comprises a supporting frame for providing a mounting basis for the book pushing mechanism and the book receiving mechanism and ensuring the stability and the structural strength of equipment, a tray backup plate for limiting the position of a tray in the rack and preventing the tray from deviating in the feeding process, and a tray positioning clamping strip for determining the position of the tray and ensuring that a stack accurately enters a specified position; the book pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the supporting frame and comprises a book pushing plate used for pushing books arranged on the stacking top in the tray outwards. The book receiving mechanism is arranged on the other side of the supporting frame and used for receiving the books pushed out and stacked by the book pushing mechanism and conveying the books to a book receiving disc of the next working procedure. Stacking and unstacking are automatically completed through mechanical equipment, and stacked books are automatically and efficiently unstacked, so that production efficiency is improved, labor cost is reduced, and the automation level of the whole production process is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a method and a destacking machine for gradually separating stacked books. Background Technology

[0002] In modern logistics and production processes, especially in industries such as printing and book publishing, the handling and circulation of packaged books is a frequent and crucial step. Currently, after books are bundled into small packages, they are typically stacked using robots or manually to facilitate storage and subsequent transportation.

[0003] However, unstacking requires manual labor, where stacks of books are lifted off the pile one by one and placed into the next process. This manual unstacking method has many drawbacks: First, it is extremely labor-intensive, requiring workers to repeatedly bend over and lift their arms for extended periods, which not only consumes a lot of physical strength but also easily leads to physical fatigue, resulting in occupational diseases of the waist, shoulders, and other parts of the body, seriously affecting workers' health. Second, manual unstacking is extremely inefficient, greatly limiting the progress of the entire production process and making it difficult to meet the ever-increasing production demands. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of manual destabilization, which is insufficient to meet the growing production demands. It provides a method and destabilization machine for gradually separating stacked books, automatically and efficiently destabilizing them to improve production efficiency, reduce labor costs, and enhance the automation level of the entire production process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to achieve its technical objective is: a method for gradually separating stacked books, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Move the book receiving mechanism to the side of the stack and move the book receiving tray to the height where the books need to be transported;

[0007] Step 2: Move the book pushing mechanism to the other side of the stack, opposite the book receiving mechanism, and move the book pushing plate to the height of the books being pushed.

[0008] Step 3: Push the book board to move the books so that the top layer of books in the stack slides into the receiving tray on the opposite side, row by row.

[0009] Step 4: Send the books on the receiving tray to the next process.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above method for gradually separating stacked books: after the top layer of books is pushed to the next process, the book pads on the stack are vacated, and the method also includes the step of removing and moving the used book pads with suction cups.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above method for gradually separating stacked books, step 1 includes:

[0012] Step 101. The book receiving mechanism moves the book receiving tray to the height where the books need to be transported;

[0013] Step 102. Push the receiving tray to shorten the distance from the stacked books.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above method for gradually separating stacked books, step 2 includes:

[0015] Step 201. Use the lifting mechanism to drive the book pusher to rise along the linear guide rail until it reaches the height where the books are being pushed.

[0016] Step 202. Extend the book pusher horizontally forward at a steady speed to push the books off the stack;

[0017] Step 203. Return the book pusher to its original position and lower it to the height of the next layer of books. Repeat the above book pusher process to gradually break down the entire stack of books.

[0018] This utility model also includes a destacking machine that implements the above-mentioned method for gradually separating stacked books, which gradually separates stacked books, and includes a frame, a book pushing mechanism and a book receiving mechanism.

[0019] The frame includes a support frame that provides an installation foundation for the book pushing mechanism and the book receiving mechanism, ensuring the stability and structural strength of the equipment; a pallet backing plate that limits the position of the pallet within the frame and prevents the pallet from shifting during the feeding process; and a pallet positioning clip that precisely positions the pallet and ensures that the pallet is accurately placed into the designated position.

[0020] The book pushing mechanism is located on one side of the support frame and includes a book pushing plate that pushes the books placed on top of the stack in the tray outward.

[0021] The book receiving mechanism is located on the other side of the support frame. It catches the books pushed out of the stack by the book pushing mechanism and transfers them to the receiving tray of the next process.

[0022] Furthermore, in the aforementioned depalletizer: the book pushing mechanism includes a book pushing lifting component that pushes the book pushing plate upwards to reach the top layer of the stack, and a book pushing plate component that drives the book pushing plate to push the top layer of books in the stack.

[0023] Furthermore, in the aforementioned depalletizer: the book pushing and lifting assembly includes a lifting servo motor and a lifting mechanism. The lifting servo motor drives the lifting mechanism to precisely lift and lower the book pushing board to the top layer of books in the stack.

[0024] Furthermore, in the aforementioned depalletizer: the book pusher assembly includes a book pusher servo motor and a flat pusher mechanism; the book pusher servo motor drives the flat pusher mechanism to push the book pusher outwards from the top of the stack.

[0025] Furthermore, the aforementioned depalletizer also includes a suction cup assembly that removes the used pallets from each layer of the pallet and moves them outside the machine.

[0026] Furthermore, in the aforementioned depalletizer: the book receiving mechanism includes a book receiving tray, which is a roller assembly that moves the received books to the next process.

[0027] The book receiving mechanism also includes a roller lifting assembly that drives the roller assembly to move up and down.

[0028] This invention utilizes mechanical equipment to automatically complete the palletizing and depalletizing process, thereby improving production efficiency, reducing labor costs, and enhancing the automation level of the entire production process.

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Appendix Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the depalletizer of this utility model;

[0031] Appendix Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the frame of the depalletizer of this utility model;

[0032] Appendix Figure 3 This is the book-pushing and lifting assembly of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0033] Appendix Figure 4 This is Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, which is a roller lifting assembly;

[0034] Appendix Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the book pusher assembly of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0035] Appendix Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the suction cup assembly of the destacking device in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0036] Appendix Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the book tray in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0037] Appendix Figure 8 This is Embodiment 2 of the present invention, which describes a method for gradually separating stacked books.

[0038] Appendix Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the book pushing and delivering process according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0039] Appendix Figure 10This is a flowchart of an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0040] This embodiment is a destacking machine that gradually separates stacked books, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the disassembly and assembly machine includes a frame 1, a book pushing mechanism 2, and a book receiving mechanism 3;

[0041] Rack 1 as Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a support frame 1-1 that provides an installation foundation for the book pushing mechanism 2 and the book receiving mechanism 3 to ensure the stability and structural strength of the equipment; a pallet backing plate 1-2 that limits the position of the pallet within the frame and prevents the pallet from shifting during the feeding process; and a pallet positioning clip 1-3 that precisely positions the pallet and ensures that the pallet is accurately placed into the designated position.

[0042] In this embodiment, the frame 1 includes a frame body 1-1, a pallet backing plate 1-2, and pallet positioning clips 1-3. The frame body 1-1 serves as the supporting frame for the entire depalletizer, providing an installation foundation for other mechanisms and ensuring the stability and structural strength of the equipment. The pallet backing plate 1-2 is used to limit the position of the pallet within the frame, preventing the pallet from shifting during feeding. The pallet positioning clips 1-3 further refine the pallet position, ensuring that the product can accurately enter the designated position, providing precise starting conditions for subsequent depalletizing operations.

[0043] The book pushing mechanism 2 is located on one side of the support frame 1-1 and includes a book pushing plate that pushes the books placed on top of the stack in the pallet outward.

[0044] The book pushing mechanism 2 includes a book pushing lifting component 2-1 that pushes the book pushing plate upward to reach the top layer of the stack, and a book pushing plate component 2-2 that drives the book pushing plate to push the top layer of books in the stack.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown: The book-pushing lifting assembly 2-1 is driven by a servo motor 2-1-1, which in turn drives the lifting mechanism 2-1-2, allowing the book-pushing plate to be precisely raised and lowered to the top layer of books in the stack. In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 2-1-2 can be of many types, enabling the device to move up and down; for example, a ball screw can achieve upward and downward movement. The servo motor 2-1-1 can precisely control the speed and position of movement, ensuring that the book-pushing plate assembly 2-1 accurately reaches the book-pushing position for each layer of books. The lifting mechanism 2-1-2 uses a ball screw, such as... Figure 3As shown, in the lifting mechanism 2-1-2, the ball screw is driven by the chain 2-1-3 to rotate, thereby realizing the lifting action of the mechanism. In this embodiment, since electrical equipment such as cylinders and motors are used, these air circuits and wires are set in the cable chain groove 2-1-4. The main function of the cable chain cross groove is to install the cable chain. The cable chain facilitates the routing of air circuits and wires without affecting the overall air circuit and wire layout of the equipment. It is worth noting that the driving method of this component is not limited to ball screws. This diverse design provides multiple options for different application scenarios and cost requirements.

[0046] Book pusher component 2-2 as shown Figure 5 As shown: It includes a book-pushing servo motor 2-2-1 and a flat-pushing mechanism 2-2-2; the book-pushing servo motor 2-2-1 drives the flat-pushing mechanism 2-2-2 to drive the book-pushing plate 2-2-4 to push the top book of the stack outward.

[0047] The book-pushing assembly 2-2 is driven by a book-pushing servo motor 2-2-1, which in turn drives a book-pushing plate 2-2-4 to push the top book of the stack outwards. The driving mechanism 2-2-2 includes a driving timing belt or chain 2-2-3 to achieve forward and backward movement. By precisely controlling the operation of the servo motor, the book-pushing plate 2-2-4 can push the books out row by row. In practical applications, considering different power transmission requirements and mechanical structure adaptability, the book-pushing mechanism 2-2-2 can also be replaced with a rack and pinion drive. This replaceable design enhances the applicability of this patent under different working conditions.

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, the main function of suction cup assembly 2-3 is to remove the used pads from each layer and move them outside the machine to avoid affecting the destacking of the next layer. Suction cup assembly 2-3 moves in conjunction with the book pushing mechanism 2. When it is not necessary to pick up the pads, lifting cylinder 2-3-1 lifts suction cup 2-3-2 without interfering with the destacking and book pushing operation. When it is necessary to pick up the pads, lifting cylinder 2-3-1 lowers suction cup 2-3-2, ensuring full contact between suction cup 2-3-2 and the pad. After contact, the suction device is activated, and the book pushing lifting mechanism lifts suction cup 2-3-2 to a designated height. Then, suction cup 2-3-2 lateral movement cylinder 2-3-4 sends the pad out of the machine. This process automates pad removal and improves destacking efficiency.

[0049] In this embodiment, the book receiving mechanism 3 includes a book receiving tray that moves the received books to the next process as a roller assembly 3-2; the roller assembly 3-2 moves up and down under the drive of a roller lifting mechanism 3-1, which is as follows: Figure 4As shown, similar to the lifting mechanism in the book-pushing lifting assembly, the ball screw 3-2-3 rotates under the drive of a roller lifting mechanism motor 3-2-2, causing the roller assembly 3-2 to slide up and down along a vertical slide rail 3-2-4. Here, the roller lifting mechanism motor 3-2-2 also uses a servo motor, which can accurately stop the roller assembly 3-2 at the set height, so that the books sliding down from the top of the stack can be caught.

[0050] In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism of the roller lifting assembly is similar in principle to that of the book pushing lifting assembly, both using a servo motor to drive a ball screw for raising and lowering. This driving method allows for precise control of the roller height to accommodate books of varying heights. Similar to the book pushing lifting assembly, chain or rack-and-pinion drives can also be used in this assembly, and both are within the scope of patent protection.

[0051] Roller assembly 3-2 consists of multiple rollers 3-2-1, such as... Figure 7 As shown, its main function is to deliver products out of the machine, allowing them to smoothly enter the next process. Roller 3-2-1 can be extended and retracted via telescopic cylinder 3-2-5. When roller assembly 3-2 needs to be raised or lowered, telescopic cylinder 3-2-5 extends roller assembly 3-2 to prevent it from scraping against the books on the pallet during the raising or lowering process, protecting the equipment and products from damage. During the waiting period for books to be pushed, the receiving tray assembly 3-2 extends again to ensure that the unstacked books can stably enter roller 3-2-1. Furthermore, considering different material conveying requirements, roller 3-2-1 can also be replaced with a conveyor belt, providing flexible options for different product characteristics and production processes.

[0052] The method described above for gradually separating stacked books involves a lifting and pushing motion, such as... Figure 10 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0053] A. The pallet containing the products is manually fed into the machine. When the stacked books enter the depalletizer, the book pushing and lifting component located next to the stack of books immediately starts to operate.

[0054] B. The book pusher is initially in the original position. As the device starts, the book pusher lifting component drives the book pusher component to rise or fall along the linear guide rail.

[0055] C. When the book pusher assembly reaches the height of the book being pushed, the book pusher assembly is activated and extends horizontally forward at a stable speed, gently and forcefully pushing the book away from the stack of books.

[0056] D. After the book pushing action is completed, the book pushing board component retracts and returns to its original position. Then, the book pushing lifting component drives the book pushing board component to descend to the height of the next layer of books, repeating the above book pushing process to continuously and gradually separate the entire stack of books.

[0057] The following is an example of the lifting and lowering action of a book receiving roller, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0058] A. When the book receiving roller mechanism is running, the roller lifting assembly moves the roller body assembly to the height where the books need to be conveyed. Figure 8 As shown.

[0059] B. At this time, the cylinder of the book receiving roller mechanism extends, and the entire roller body assembly is pushed out along with the linear guide rail and the cylinder stroke. At this time, the distance between the roller body assembly and the stacked books is shortened, laying the foundation for the lifting and pushing of books.

[0060] C. After the lifting and pushing of books is completed, the books on the stack are pushed to the receiving roller mechanism. At this time, the books in the roller body assembly have been received and the cylinder retracts. The entire roller body assembly moves up or down with the stroke of the linear guide rail until it reaches the position where the equipment dispenses books.

[0061] D. When the roller body assembly moves to the book dispensing position, the motor runs and drives the roller to move through the chain drive, conveying the books that have fallen on the roller body assembly out.

[0062] In addition, in this embodiment, the suction cup picks up the book pad and then pushes the book pad out, such as... Figure 8 As shown, it includes the following steps and also provides the following steps:

[0063] A. When all the books on one layer of the stacked books have been pushed out, the book pad will be displayed as follows: Figure 9 As shown, in order to push the books to the next layer, the book pad needs to be removed. This can be done by using the suction cup component in this device or by removing it manually.

[0064] B. When the upper layer of books is pushed out, the book pushing and lifting component is driven by the ball screw of the lifting servo motor 2-1-1. The suction cup mechanism and the book pushing plate mechanism move together to push the suction cup component to the middle of the book pad plate.

[0065] C. When the suction cup assembly is in the center of the book pad, the lifting cylinder 2-3-1 extends, the suction cup 2-3-2 picks up the book pad, and after the book pad is picked up, the lifting cylinder 2-3-1 retracts, and the book pad is picked up.

[0066] D. After the book pad is picked up, the suction cup mechanism is raised to a specified height by the book pushing and lifting mechanism, and then the suction cup horizontal movement cylinder extends to send the book pad out of the machine.

[0067] Benefits

[0068] Depalletizers, as automated equipment, play a vital role in modern industrial production. Their benefits are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, depalletizers significantly improve production efficiency. Traditional manual depalletizing is not only slow but also easily limited by factors such as worker physical strength and attention. Depalletizers, on the other hand, can operate efficiently around the clock, quickly completing the depalletizing task, and are particularly suitable for large-scale, continuous production lines, significantly shortening the production cycle and improving overall efficiency. Second, depalletizers help improve production safety. Automated equipment can operate precisely, avoiding the dangers of collisions and falls that may occur during manual depalletizing, thus reducing the incidence of workplace accidents. Finally, depalletizers help reduce material loss. During manual depalletizing, material damage due to improper operation is inevitable. Depalletizers, through precise control, can minimize material loss during the depalletizing process, improving resource utilization. In summary, depalletizers have significant advantages in improving production efficiency, reducing labor costs, enhancing safety, and reducing material loss. They are an indispensable piece of equipment in modern industrial automation production. Furthermore, depalletizers are simple to operate, easy to understand, and have an extremely low failure rate, making them more popular among enterprises.

Claims

1. A destacker for stepwise separation of books stacked in a pile, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a book pushing and receiving device, which comprises a frame (1), a book pushing mechanism (2) and a book receiving mechanism (3). The frame (1) comprises a support frame (1-1) providing a mounting base for the book pushing mechanism (2) and the book receiving mechanism (3) to ensure the stability and structural strength of the device, a tray backplate (1-2) limiting the position of the tray in the frame to prevent the tray from deviating during feeding, and a tray positioning clamping strip (1-3) accurately positioning the tray to ensure that the stacking is accurately placed in the designated position. The book pushing mechanism (2) is arranged on one side of the support frame (1-1) and comprises a book pushing plate pushing the books on the top of the stacking in the tray outward. The book receiving mechanism (3) is arranged on the other side of the support frame (1-1) and receives the books pushed out of the stacking by the book pushing mechanism (2) and then transfers the books to the next process.

2. The unscrambler of claim 1, wherein: The book pushing mechanism (2) comprises a book pushing lifting assembly (2-1) pushing the book pushing plate upward to the top layer of the stacking and a book pushing plate assembly (2-2) driving the book pushing plate to push the books on the top layer of the stacking.

3. The unscrambler of claim 2, wherein: The book pushing lifting assembly (2-1) comprises a lifting servo motor (2-1-1) and a lifting mechanism (2-1-2), and the lifting servo motor (2-1-1) drives the lifting mechanism (2-1-2) to accurately lift the book pushing plate to the top layer of the stacking.

4. The unscrambler of claim 3, wherein: The book pushing plate assembly (2-2) comprises a book pushing servo motor (2-2-1) and a flat pushing mechanism (2-2-2), and the book pushing servo motor (2-2-1) drives the flat pushing mechanism (2-2-2) to push the books on the top of the stacking outward.

5. The unscrambler of claim 2, wherein: The utility model also comprises a suction disc assembly (2-3) taking out the cushion plate used in each layer of the stacking and moving the cushion plate to the outside of the machine.

6. The unscrambler of claim 1, wherein: The book receiving mechanism (3) comprises a book receiving tray and a roller assembly (3-2) moving the received books to the next process. The book receiving mechanism (3) further comprises a roller lifting assembly (3-1) lifting the roller assembly (3-2) up and down.

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