Deionized water degassing structure, gas-liquid separation tank and hydrogen production system
By using an atomizing nozzle in a gas-liquid separator to convert deionized water into a mist and extend the residence time, the problem of hydrogen content exceeding the explosion limit was solved, and low-cost, high-purity hydrogen production was achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-06
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the hydrogen and oxygen released from deionized water in the downstream system of PEM water electrolysis equipment can easily cause the hydrogen content to exceed the explosion limit. Treatment measures increase equipment costs or reduce hydrogen purity.
Atomizing nozzles are used to convert liquid deionized water into mist, extending its residence time in the gas-liquid separator, improving the dispersion of hydrogen and oxygen, and reducing their content in downstream systems.
No additional explosion-proof design or nitrogen dilution is required, reducing equipment costs and hydrogen purity loss, ensuring that the hydrogen content is below the explosion limit, and improving hydrogen purity.
Smart Images
Figure CN223973895U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production equipment, and specifically relates to a deionized water degassing structure, a gas-liquid separator, and a hydrogen production system. Background Technology
[0002] PEM water electrolysis equipment is characterized by its small footprint and extremely compact design. In the PEM water electrolysis process, the hydrogen generated at the cathode enters the second stage of low-pressure gas-liquid separation (atmospheric pressure) after passing through the first stage of high-pressure gas-liquid separation (3MPa). Due to the small size and compact arrangement of the second-stage separation tank, the hydrogen residence time in the second-stage separation tank is short, resulting in incomplete release of dissolved hydrogen. Consequently, deionized water carries a small amount of dissolved hydrogen downstream. In the downstream deionized water circulation system, dissolved hydrogen is released, and similarly, deionized water on the oxygen side carries dissolved oxygen, resulting in a small amount of hydrogen mixing with oxygen in the system. Under high loads, the hydrogen content exceeds the explosion limit.
[0003] Currently, to address the issue of hydrogen content exceeding the explosion limit, measures include adopting explosion-proof designs for the system or injecting large amounts of nitrogen into the downstream system to dilute the hydrogen in the gas phase and maintain it within a safe range. However, both of these measures increase the construction or operating costs of the equipment, and according to actual operating data, injecting large amounts of nitrogen leads to lower purity hydrogen produced by PEM water electrolysis equipment. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a deionized water degassing structure, a gas-liquid separator, and a hydrogen production system to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, where deionized water in the downstream system releases hydrogen and oxygen, causing the downstream system to easily exceed the explosion limit of hydrogen, and the treatment measures easily lead to increased costs and reduced hydrogen purity.
[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:
[0006] This utility model discloses a deionized water degassing structure applied to a gas-liquid separator. The deionized water degassing structure includes an atomizing nozzle, which is located at the top of the gas-liquid separator and connected to the inlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator.
[0007] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: when deionized water enters the gas-liquid separator, the liquid deionized water is converted into mist through an atomizing nozzle, thereby prolonging the residence time of deionized water in the gas-liquid separator, accelerating the dissipation of hydrogen in the deionized water, improving the dehydrogenation capacity of the deionized water, reducing the hydrogen content carried by the deionized water to the downstream deionized water circulation system, thus ensuring that the hydrogen content is below the explosion limit. The structure is simple, no explosion-proof electrical materials are required, there is no risk of nitrogen pollution in the produced hydrogen, the purity of hydrogen is guaranteed, and the cost and nitrogen consumption are reduced.
[0008] Similarly, the deionized water degassing structure can also be used to remove oxygen from deionized water, further reducing the oxygen content in the downstream deionized water circulation system.
[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, multiple atomizing nozzles are provided, and the multiple atomizing nozzles are arranged circumferentially with the vertical axis of the gas-liquid separator as the array center.
[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the deionized water degassing structure also includes a distribution pipe, one end of which extends vertically and connects to the water inlet, and the other end of which extends horizontally and connects to the atomizing nozzle.
[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the atomizing nozzle and the distribution pipe adopt... Threaded connection.
[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the spray angle of the atomizing nozzle is 130 degrees.
[0013] This utility model discloses a gas-liquid separator, including a deionized water degassing structure as described in any of the above claims.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are at least as follows: by using a deionized water degassing structure, the residence time of deionized water in the gas-liquid separator is extended, ensuring that hydrogen escapes from the deionized water, improving the dehydrogenation capacity of the deionized water, and ensuring that the deionized water entering the downstream contains no or only a small amount of hydrogen, so that the hydrogen content in the downstream cannot reach the explosion limit value.
[0015] This utility model discloses a hydrogen production system, including a deionized water degassing structure as described in any of the above claims.
[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: it separates hydrogen from deionized water on the hydrogen side in the gas-liquid separator, thereby reducing the hydrogen content released from downstream deionized water to below the explosion limit, resulting in low structural cost and no impact on the purity of hydrogen. Attached Figure Description
[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;
[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of the internal structure of the deionized water degassing structure provided in this embodiment of the present invention applied to a gas-liquid separator.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the internal structure of the deionized water degassing structure provided in this embodiment of the invention, applied to a gas-liquid separator.
[0020] The following labels are shown in the attached diagram:
[0021] 100. Atomizing nozzle;
[0022] 200. Distribution pipe; 210. Main pipe; 220. Branch pipe; 230. Spraying area;
[0023] 300. Gas-liquid separator; 310. Liquid level. Detailed Implementation
[0024] This section will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model. The preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the drawings is to supplement the textual description with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and the overall technical solution of the present utility model, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0026] In the description of this utility model, the use of terms such as "several" means one or more, with "multiple" meaning two or more. Terms like "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of terms like "first," "second," and "third" is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, the quantity of indicated technical features, or the sequential relationship between indicated technical features.
[0027] It should be noted that in the attached diagram, the Z direction points from the bottom to the top of the deionized water degassing structure.
[0028] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0029] In related technologies, hydrogen production systems employ explosion-proof designs to reduce the possibility of explosions caused by hydrogen exceeding its explosive limits. However, this necessitates the addition of explosion-proof electrical materials, increasing the construction cost of the hydrogen production system.
[0030] In some related technologies, hydrogen production systems dilute hydrogen by introducing nitrogen, thus keeping the hydrogen content below the explosion limit. However, operating a hydrogen production system requires purchasing nitrogen cylinders, increasing operating costs. Furthermore, nitrogen has been found in the produced hydrogen during actual operation. Therefore, it cannot be ruled out that nitrogen blown in may enter the electrolyzer along with the deionized water circulation system, potentially causing nitrogen contamination in the produced hydrogen and affecting its purity.
[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The following are several embodiments of the deionized water degassing structure, gas-liquid separator, and hydrogen production system of this utility model.
[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the deionized water degassing structure of this utility model embodiment is applied to the gas-liquid separator 300. Specifically, the deionized water degassing structure includes an atomizing nozzle 100, which can convert liquid deionized water into fine mist particles, prolonging the residence time of deionized water in the gas-liquid separator 300, accelerating the dissipation of hydrogen in the deionized water, improving the dehydrogenation capacity of the deionized water, and reducing the amount of hydrogen released by the deionized water in the downstream deionized water circulation system, thus keeping the hydrogen content below the explosion limit.
[0033] Understandably, the atomizing nozzle 100 is located at the top of the gas-liquid separator 300. The sprayed atomized deionized water falls from top to bottom to the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 300 and gathers into liquid deionized water, further prolonging the residence time of the deionized water in the gas-liquid separator 300 and increasing the dispersion of hydrogen from the deionized water.
[0034] Understandably, the atomizing nozzle 100 is connected to the inlet pipe of the gas-liquid separator 300. Liquid deionized water enters through the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 300, flows through the pipe to the atomizing nozzle 100, and is converted into fine mist particles.
[0035] Understandably, water is superior to nitrogen as a diluent in reducing the explosive limits of hydrogen in air. Therefore, by generating a large amount of ultrafine water mist in the gas-liquid separator 300 through the atomizing nozzle 100, the humidity inside the gas-liquid separator 300 is increased, thereby significantly increasing the water content in the gas phase and reducing the explosive limits of hydrogen.
[0036] Understandably, deionized water degassing structures do not require explosion-proof designs, meaning no additional electrical materials are needed, thus reducing construction costs. Compared to continuously blowing in nitrogen, deionized water degassing structures eliminate the risk of nitrogen contamination of hydrogen, reducing nitrogen usage and lowering operating costs.
[0037] In this embodiment, the spray width 230 of the atomizing nozzle 100 in horizontal projection is fan-shaped, such as... Figure 1 As shown; the spray width 230 of the atomizing nozzle 100 in its vertical projection is circular, as... Figure 2 As shown. The gas-liquid separator 300 is configured with a number of atomizing nozzles 100 according to the internal area of its horizontal cross-section, so that the spray width 230 of the atomizing nozzles 100 covers the interior of the gas-liquid separator 300.
[0038] It is understandable that when the horizontal cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid separator 300 is small, only one atomizing nozzle 100 can be installed, and the atomizing nozzle 100 is located on the axis of the gas-liquid separator 300.
[0039] It is understandable that when the horizontal cross-sectional area of the gas-liquid separator 300 is large, multiple atomizing nozzles 100 can be set in an orderly manner.
[0040] In some embodiments, when the gas-liquid separator 300 extends vertically, its horizontal cross-section is circular, and multiple atomizing nozzles 100 are arranged circumferentially with the vertical axis of the gas-liquid separator 300 as the array center. Figure 2 As shown. Specifically, the spray edge of each atomizing nozzle 100 is close to the inner edge of the gas-liquid separator 300, ensuring that all atomizing nozzles 100 cover the interior of the gas-liquid separator 300 to the greatest extent.
[0041] Furthermore, the spray width 230 of two adjacent atomizing nozzles 100 intersects to avoid a large gap between the spray width 230 of two adjacent atomizing nozzles 100.
[0042] It is understandable that when there are multiple atomizing nozzles 100, the multiple atomizing nozzles 100 are arranged in a regular polygon, so that the multiple atomizing nozzles 100 can maximize the spray area, and each atomizing nozzle 100 can evenly spray atomized deionized water and cover the inside of the gas-liquid separator 300.
[0043] In other embodiments, when the gas-liquid separator 300 extends horizontally, its horizontal cross-section is square, and multiple atomizing nozzles 100 are distributed in a rectangular array. Specifically, the multiple atomizing nozzles 100 are evenly arranged along the long horizontal end of the gas-liquid separator 300, and also evenly arranged along the short horizontal end of the gas-liquid separator 300. All atomizing nozzles 100 are symmetrically arranged along both the long and short horizontal ends of the gas-liquid separator 300. The spray edge of each atomizing nozzle 100 is close to the inner edge of the gas-liquid separator 300, ensuring maximum coverage of the interior of the gas-liquid separator 300.
[0044] Furthermore, the spray width 230 of two adjacent atomizing nozzles 100 intersects along the horizontal long end or horizontal short end of the gas-liquid separator 300 to avoid a large gap between the spray width 230 of two adjacent atomizing nozzles 100.
[0045] In some embodiments, when an atomizing nozzle 100 is provided, the water inlet of the gas-liquid separator 300 is located at its top, and the atomizing nozzle 100 is directly connected to the water inlet. This structure is simple, eliminates the need to lay pipes connecting the atomizing nozzle 100 and the water inlet, and increases the distance between the atomizing nozzle 100 and the liquid surface 310 at the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 300.
[0046] In this embodiment, the deionized water degassing structure further includes a distribution pipe 200. One end of the distribution pipe 200 extends vertically and connects to the water inlet located at the top of the gas-liquid separator 300, and the other end of the distribution pipe 200 extends horizontally and connects to the atomizing nozzle 100, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.
[0047] With this configuration, when there are multiple atomizing nozzles 100, the distribution pipe 200 can evenly distribute the deionized water input from the water inlet to multiple atomizing nozzles 100, so that each atomizing nozzle 100 can evenly spray out atomized deionized water.
[0048] In this embodiment, the distribution pipe 200 includes a main pipe 210 and multiple branch pipes 220. The main pipe 210 extends vertically, its upper end is connected to the water inlet, and its lower end is connected to all the branch pipes 220. All the branch pipes 220 extend horizontally, and multiple atomizing nozzles 100 are located at the lower ends of the branch pipes 220 and are interconnected. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.
[0049] Understandably, when multiple atomizing nozzles 100 are arranged circumferentially, the main pipe 210 extends along the vertical axis of the gas-liquid separator 300, and multiple branch pipes 220 of equal length extend radially along the gas-liquid separator 300. One end of each branch pipe 220 is connected to the main pipe 210, and the other end of each branch pipe 220 is connected to an atomizing nozzle 100. The included angle between adjacent branch pipes 220 is the same. Figure 2 As shown.
[0050] It is understood that when multiple atomizing nozzles 100 are arranged in a rectangular array, the branch pipe 220 includes a first branch pipe 220 and a second branch pipe 220. Specifically, at least one first branch pipe 220 extends along the horizontal long end of the gas-liquid separator 300; when multiple first branch pipes 220 are provided, they are arranged at intervals along the horizontal short end of the gas-liquid separator 300. At least one second branch pipe 220 extends along the horizontal short end of the gas-liquid separator 300; when multiple second branch pipes 220 are provided, they are arranged at intervals along the horizontal long end of the gas-liquid separator 300. The first branch pipe 220 and the second branch pipe 220 are vertically connected, and each atomizing nozzle 100 is located at the connection point of the first branch pipe 220 and the second branch pipe 220. Since the first branch pipe 220 and the second branch pipe 220 are connected, the lower end of the main pipe 210 is connected to either the first branch pipe 220 or the second branch pipe 220.
[0051] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the distribution pipe 200 is 25 mm, i.e., DN25.
[0052] Understandably, the atomizing nozzle 100 and the distribution tube 200 are connected by threads, making it easy and quick to connect the atomizing nozzle 100 to the distribution tube 200, which facilitates installation.
[0053] In this embodiment, the connection between the atomizing nozzle 100 and the distribution pipe 200 is adopted. Thread. The high dimensional accuracy of the thread and the tight thread fit ensure the sealing of the connection between the atomizing nozzle 100 and the branch pipe 220, ensuring that the deionized water is transformed from liquid to mist. The threads are not too tight, making it easy to disassemble and maintain the atomizing nozzle 100.
[0054] In this embodiment, the spray angle of the atomizing nozzle 100 is 130 degrees, which makes the spray width range 230 of the atomizing nozzle 100 larger. The 130-degree atomizing nozzle 100 has a simple internal structure and no complicated internal components, making the maintenance of the atomizing nozzle 100 more convenient.
[0055] Understandably, since deionized water is high-purity water, the atomizing nozzle 100 is made of 316 stainless steel to meet the high cleanliness requirements of the hydrogen production system.
[0056] It is understood that the atomizing nozzle 100 is existing technology, and this utility model does not improve the structure of the atomizing nozzle 100. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand the specific structure and working principle of the atomizing nozzle 100, which will not be explained in detail here.
[0057] It is understandable that the existing atomizing nozzle 100 technology is mature and easy to purchase, and this utility model can directly purchase the existing atomizing nozzle 100.
[0058] In this embodiment, when there are three atomizing nozzles 100 arranged in a circular pattern, the atomizing nozzles 100 adopt the 502.548 model, that is, the atomizing nozzles 100 are connected to the DN25 distribution pipe 200, the deionized water flowing through the atomizing nozzles 100 has a pressure of 2 bar, and the designed flow rate is 485 liters per minute (L / min).
[0059] Understandably, after the atomizing nozzle 100 converts deionized water into a mist, it is sprayed out into the gas-liquid separator 300, where the mist of deionized water is reduced to atmospheric pressure.
[0060] It is understandable that the deionized water degassing structure can be applied to both hydrogen-containing deionized water and oxygen-containing deionized water for gas removal.
[0061] The gas-liquid separator 300 of this embodiment includes a deionized water degassing structure. Specifically, the gas-liquid separator 300 is actually a second-stage low-pressure separator. A regulating valve is connected between the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 300 and the first-stage high-pressure separator. The deionized water output from the first-stage high-pressure separator is depressurized by the regulating valve and then input into the inlet. The deionized water flows along the distribution pipe 200 to the atomizing nozzle 100, thereby regulating the deionized water pressure input to the atomizing nozzle 100.
[0062] In this embodiment, the deionized water pressure of the atomizing nozzle 100 is 2 bar.
[0063] It is understandable that at least two gas-liquid separators 300 are provided. One gas-liquid separator 300 is connected to the first-stage high-pressure separator on the hydrogen side, and the other gas-liquid separator 300 is connected to the first-stage high-pressure separator on the oxygen side. By increasing the gas phase water in the gas-liquid separator 300, the escape of hydrogen and oxygen from the deionized water is increased respectively, thereby reducing the hydrogen and oxygen content in the downstream deionized water circulation system and preventing the hydrogen content from exceeding the explosion limit.
[0064] Understandably, the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 300 is conical, which allows the mist-like deionized water to converge along the inclined wall at the bottom to form a liquid surface 310, facilitating its output from the outlet to the downstream deionized water circulation system.
[0065] The hydrogen production system of this utility model embodiment includes a deionized water degassing structure. Specifically, the hydrogen production system includes at least one gas-liquid separator 300, and the deionized water degassing structure is disposed within the gas-liquid separator 300.
[0066] In this embodiment, the hydrogen production system includes at least two deionized water degassing structures, that is, at least two gas-liquid separators 300 are provided, which are used to separate deionized water on the hydrogen side and deionized water on the oxygen side, respectively.
[0067] Understandably, the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 300 is provided with an outlet for discharging deionized water. The hydrogen production system also includes a deionized water circulation system. When there are multiple gas-liquid separators 300, the multiple outlets are combined and connected to the deionized water circulation system, so that the deionized water used to remove hydrogen and the deionized water used to remove oxygen are combined and used for circulating hydrogen production.
[0068] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A deionized water degassing structure characterized by, The deionized water degassing structure is applied to a gas-liquid separation tank, and comprises atomizing nozzles which are arranged at the top end of the gas-liquid separation tank and connected with the water inlet pipeline of the gas-liquid separation tank.
2. The deionized water deaeration structure of claim 1, wherein, The atomizing nozzles are arranged in a plurality of numbers and arranged circumferentially with the vertical axis of the gas-liquid separation tank as the array center.
3. The deionized water deaeration structure of claim 1, wherein, A distribution pipe is further arranged, one end of the distribution pipe extends vertically and is connected with the water inlet, and the other end of the distribution pipe extends horizontally and is connected with the atomizing nozzles.
4. The deionized water deaeration structure of claim 3, wherein, The atomizing nozzle and the distribution pipe are connected by threads. screwed.
5. The deionized water deaeration structure of claim 1, wherein, The spray angle of the atomizing nozzles is 130 degrees.
6. A gas-liquid separation vessel characterized by, The deionized water degassing structure is applied to a gas-liquid separation tank, and comprises atomizing nozzles which are arranged at the top end of the gas-liquid separation tank and connected with the water inlet pipeline of the gas-liquid separation tank.
7. A hydrogen production system characterized by comprising: The deionized water degassing structure is applied to a gas-liquid separation tank, and comprises atomizing nozzles which are arranged at the top end of the gas-liquid separation tank and connected with the water inlet pipeline of the gas-liquid separation tank.