Absorption unit with heat storage function

Abstract

The utility model discloses an absorption unit with a heat storage function, and belongs to the technical field of waste heat recovery equipment. Comprising an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser and a regenerator which are connected through pipelines. The pipeline comprises a pump set, a valve set used for switching the working conditions of the set and water source inlets and outlets under different working conditions. The pump set comprises a first solution pump, a second solution pump, a refrigerant pump A and a refrigerant pump B. The first solution pump is connected to the lower portion of the regenerator, the second solution pump is connected to the lower portion of the absorber, the refrigerant pump A is connected to the lower portion of the evaporator, and the refrigerant pump B is connected to the lower portion of the condenser 3. According to the utility model, one unit has two purposes, the structure is more compact, the occupied area is greatly reduced, the energy utilization rate is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced. Industrial waste heat recovery, energy conservation and emission reduction and reduction of consumption of other high-grade energy are achieved, energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved to the maximum extent, pollutant emission is reduced, sustainable development of enterprises is improved, effective utilization of energy is achieved, and economic benefits and social benefits are quite remarkable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of waste heat recovery equipment, specifically relating to an absorption unit with heat storage function. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global focus on energy efficiency and renewable energy utilization, thermal storage technology is gaining more attention as an effective energy management tool. Among various thermal storage media, lithium bromide solution has become a highly promising choice due to its unique physicochemical properties. Lithium bromide solution is not only used as an absorbent in absorption chillers and heat pump units, but its high solubility, good thermal stability, and compatibility with water also endow it with excellent energy storage capabilities. Absorption chillers primarily rely on the synergistic effect of lithium bromide solution and water to achieve the cooling effect. As an absorbent, lithium bromide solution can efficiently absorb refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator and release it through a heating process, thus completing a full refrigeration cycle.

[0003] However, traditional absorption chillers typically lack significant energy storage capabilities, meaning they cannot effectively store excess heat or cold for later use. In recent years, researchers have begun exploring how to integrate thermal storage technology into existing absorption systems to develop multifunctional units that can provide both cooling and heating while also effectively storing energy. This integrated design concept not only improves the system's energy efficiency but also enhances its flexibility and responsiveness, especially when facing unstable energy supplies such as renewable energy sources like solar or wind power.

[0004] Developing an absorption heat pump with thermal storage capabilities has become an urgent problem to be solved. Such units can achieve thermal storage in various ways. They can utilize waste heat and renewable heat sources (such as industrial waste heat, solar energy, geothermal energy, etc.) to drive the absorption heat pump, storing excess heat in a specially designed thermal storage device while producing cooling or heating. When needed, this stored heat can be used to heat water or other media to provide the required heat to the user. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the above problems, this utility model proposes an absorption chiller unit with heat storage function. The unit consists of an absorber, evaporator, condenser, regenerator, switching valve, solution pump, and refrigerant pump. This unit can switch between operating modes, aiming to improve energy utilization efficiency and meet the needs of different operating conditions. This system not only achieves efficient cooling but also stores heat energy when needed and releases it for use when appropriate. When the system is in cooling mode, it can extract heat from waste heat sources (such as waste heat generated in industrial production processes) to produce chilled water. In heat storage mode, the system can convert heat energy into an electrochemical form for storage and provide hot water. During the heat release phase, a low-temperature heat source such as solar energy or any other form of renewable energy is provided to the unit. In this way, the system can produce high-temperature hot water, further improving energy utilization and meeting different user needs.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to achieve the above-mentioned objective is: an absorption chiller with heat storage function, characterized in that: it includes an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser, and a regenerator connected by pipelines; the pipelines include a pump set, a valve set for switching the operating conditions of the unit, and water inlets and outlets for different operating conditions; the pump set includes a solution pump 1, a solution pump 2, a refrigerant pump A, and a refrigerant pump B, the solution pump 1 is connected to the lower part of the regenerator, the solution pump 2 is connected to the lower part of the absorber, the refrigerant pump A is connected to the lower part of the evaporator, the refrigerant pump B is connected to the lower part of the condenser, the solution pump 1 is connected to switching valve O and switching valve P, the solution pump 2 is connected to switching valve K, and the refrigerant pump B is connected to switching valve L.

[0007] The water source inlets and outlets include a warm water inlet for cooling mode, a heat source water inlet for thermal storage mode, a stored hot water outlet 1 for heat release mode, a heat source water outlet for thermal storage mode, a stored hot water inlet 1 for heat release mode, a cooling water inlet 1 for cooling mode, a warm water outlet for cooling mode, a cooling water outlet 1 for cooling mode, a cooling water inlet 2 for cooling mode, a heat source water inlet for thermal storage mode, a stored hot water outlet 2 for heat release mode, a heat source water outlet for thermal storage mode, a stored hot water inlet 2 for heat release mode, a cold water inlet for cooling mode, a cooling water outlet 2 for cooling mode, and a cold water outlet for cooling mode; the warm water inlet for cooling mode, the stored... The system includes a heat source water inlet for hot operation, a heat storage water outlet for heat release operation, a heat source water outlet for heat storage operation, a heat storage water inlet for heat release operation, a cooling water inlet for cooling operation, a warm water outlet for cooling operation, and a cooling water outlet for cooling operation located in the pipeline connecting the absorber and the regenerator. It also includes a cooling water inlet for cooling operation, a heat source water inlet for heat storage operation, a heat storage water outlet for heat release operation, a heat source water outlet for heat storage operation, a heat storage water inlet for heat release operation, a cold water inlet for cooling operation, and a cooling water outlet for cooling operation located in the pipeline connecting the evaporator and the condenser.

[0008] The valve assembly includes switching valves A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, and P. Switching valves A, B, C, D, and E are respectively located at the heat source water inlet for heat storage mode, the heat storage water outlet for heat release mode, the heat source water outlet for heat storage mode, the heat storage water inlet for heat release mode, the cooling water inlet for cooling mode, the warm water outlet for cooling mode, and the cooling water outlet for cooling mode. Switching valves F, G, H, I, and J... The switching valves are respectively installed on the cooling water inlet 2 for refrigeration mode, the heat source water inlet for heat storage mode, the heat storage water outlet 2 for heat release mode, the heat source water outlet for heat storage mode, the heat storage water inlet 2 for heat release mode, the cold water inlet for refrigeration mode, and the cold water outlet for refrigeration mode; the switching valve M is installed on the cooling water outlet 2 for refrigeration mode; and the switching valve N is installed between the evaporator and the condenser.

[0009] The unit's operating conditions include cooling, heat storage, and heat release. The applicable types of the unit include single-effect, single-stage, single-section, multi-effect, multi-stage, and multi-section types.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By switching the process of this unit, in situations requiring cooling, the unit recovers heat supplied by waste heat sources to produce low-temperature chilled water. When the computing load in the supercomputing center is low, the system stores the heat from the unstable flow of hot water generated in the supercomputing center and releases the heat during the heat release phase to provide high-temperature hot water. This unit is equipped with multiple switching valves, which open and close the corresponding valves under different operating conditions to achieve switching between cooling, heat storage, and heat release phases. The unit's function switching is smooth. Multiple solution pumps and refrigerant pumps are also installed, and the control system controls the operation of the pumps under different operating conditions to achieve process switching. This unit achieves dual-purpose functionality, with a more compact heat exchanger structure, significantly reduced footprint, improved energy efficiency, and reduced energy consumption. It realizes industrial waste heat recovery, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction goals, reducing the consumption of other high-grade energy sources, maximizing energy conservation and emission reduction, reducing pollutant emissions, further enhancing the sustainable development of enterprises, and achieving effective energy utilization, resulting in significant economic and social benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an absorption chiller unit with heat storage function according to the present invention;

[0012] In the diagram: 1-Absorber, 2-Evaporator, 3-Condenser, 4-Regenerator, 5-Switching Valve A, 6-Switching Valve B, 7-Switching Valve C, 8-Switching Valve D, 9-Switching Valve E, 10-Switching Valve F, 11-Switching Valve G, 12-Switching Valve H, 13-Switching Valve I, 14-Switching Valve J, 15-Switching Valve K, 16-Switching Valve L, 17-Switching Valve M, 18-Switching Valve N, 19-Switching Valve O, 20-Switching Valve P, 21-Solution Pump 1, 22-Solution Pump 2, 23-Refrigerant Pump A, 24-Refrigerant Pump B, 25-Refrigeration Operating Temperature Water inlet, 26-Heat source water inlet for thermal storage, hot water outlet 1 for heat release, 27-Heat source water outlet for thermal storage, hot water inlet 1 for heat release, 28-Cooling water inlet 1 for refrigeration, 29-Warm water outlet for refrigeration, 30-Cooling water outlet 1 for refrigeration, 31-Cooling water inlet 2 for refrigeration, 32-Heat source water inlet for thermal storage, hot water outlet 2 for heat release, 33-Heat source water outlet for thermal storage, hot water inlet 2 for heat release, 34-Cold water inlet for refrigeration, 35-Cooling water outlet 2 for refrigeration, 36-Cold water outlet for refrigeration. Detailed Implementation

[0013] Example 1

[0014] like Figure 1 The schematic diagram of this utility model shows an absorption chiller with heat storage function, including an absorber 1, an evaporator 2, a condenser 3, and a regenerator 4 connected by pipelines. The pipelines include pump sets, valve sets for switching the operating conditions of the unit, and water inlets and outlets for different operating conditions. The pump sets include solution pump 21, solution pump 22, refrigerant pump A 23, and refrigerant pump B 24. Solution pump 21 is connected to the lower part of the regenerator 4, solution pump 22 is connected to the lower part of the absorber 1, refrigerant pump A 23 is connected to the lower part of the evaporator 2, and refrigerant pump B 24 is connected to the lower part of the condenser 3. Solution pump 21 is connected to switching valve O 19 and switching valve P 20, solution pump 22 is connected to switching valve K 15, and refrigerant pump B 24 is connected to switching valve L 16.

[0015] The water source inlets and outlets include: a warm water inlet for refrigeration mode (25), a heat source water inlet for thermal storage mode, a stored water outlet for heat release mode (26), a heat source water outlet for thermal storage mode, a stored water inlet for heat release mode (27), a cooling water inlet for refrigeration mode (28), a warm water outlet for refrigeration mode (29), a cooling water outlet for refrigeration mode (30), a cooling water inlet for refrigeration mode (31), a heat source water inlet for thermal storage mode, a stored water outlet for heat release mode (32), a heat source water outlet for thermal storage mode, a stored water inlet for heat release mode (33), a cold water inlet for refrigeration mode (34), a cooling water outlet for refrigeration mode (35), and a cold water outlet for refrigeration mode (36); the warm water inlet for refrigeration mode (25), the stored water outlet for thermal storage mode, the stored water outlet for thermal storage mode, the stored water outlet for thermal storage mode, the stored water outlet for heat release mode, the stored water outlet for thermal storage mode, the stored water outlet for heat release mode, the stored water outlet for refrigeration ... The heat source water inlet for hot operation and the hot water outlet for heat release operation are 26, the heat source water outlet for heat storage operation and the hot water inlet for heat release operation are 27, the cooling water inlet for cooling operation is 28, the warm water outlet for cooling operation is 29, and the cooling water outlet for cooling operation is 30, which are located in the pipeline connecting the absorber 1 and the regenerator 4. The cooling water inlet for cooling operation is 31, the heat source water inlet for heat storage operation and the hot water outlet for heat release operation are 32, the heat source water outlet for heat storage operation and the hot water inlet for heat release operation are 33, the cold water inlet for cooling operation is 34, the cooling water outlet for cooling operation is 35, and the cold water outlet for cooling operation is 36, which are located in the pipeline connecting the evaporator 2 and the condenser 3.

[0016] The valve assembly includes switching valves A5, B6, C7, D8, E9, F10, G11, H12, I13, J14, K15, L16, M17, N18, O19, and P20. Switching valves A5, B6, C7, D8, and E9 are respectively located at the heat source water inlet for heat storage mode, the heat storage water outlet for heat release mode (-26), the heat source water outlet for heat storage mode, the heat storage water inlet for heat release mode (-27), the cooling water inlet for cooling mode (-28), the warm water outlet for cooling mode (29), and the cooling water outlet for cooling mode (-30). Switching valves F10, G11, H12, I13, and P20 are also present. 14 is respectively installed on the cooling water inlet 31 for refrigeration mode, the heat source water inlet for heat storage mode, the hot water outlet 32 ​​for heat release mode, the heat source water outlet for heat storage mode, the hot water inlet 33 for heat release mode, the cold water inlet 34 for refrigeration mode, and the cold water outlet 36 for refrigeration mode; the switching valve M 17 is installed on the cooling water outlet 35 for refrigeration mode; the switching valve N 18 is installed between the evaporator 2 and the condenser 3.

[0017] The unit's operating conditions include cooling, heat storage, and heat release. The applicable types of the unit include single-effect, single-stage, single-section, multi-effect, multi-stage, and multi-section types.

[0018] Example 2

[0019] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0020] In refrigeration mode, switching valves B, C, H, I, and O are closed, while the remaining switching valves are open. Refrigerant pump B 24 is closed, while the remaining pumps are open. In refrigeration mode, waste heat enters the unit through the refrigeration mode warm water inlet 25 and then into the unit's regenerator 4, heating the solution in regenerator 4. The solution is then discharged from the unit through the refrigeration mode warm water outlet 29. The solution heated by the warm water in regenerator 4 becomes a concentrated solution. After being pressurized by solution pump 21, it enters absorber 1 to absorb water vapor, reducing its concentration. It is then pressurized by solution pump 22 located at the bottom of absorber 1 and enters regenerator 4, where it is reheated by warm water to become a concentrated solution again. This is the refrigeration mode solution circulation. Meanwhile, cooling water enters absorber 1 through the refrigeration mode cooling water inlet 28, absorbing heat from the dilute solution in absorber 1 to ensure the dilute solution's hygroscopicity. After being heated, it is discharged from the unit through the refrigeration mode cooling water outlet 30. Chilled water enters the evaporator 2 of the unit through the chilled water inlet 34 in the refrigeration mode. The refrigerant in the evaporator 2 absorbs heat from the chilled water, lowering its temperature, and then it is discharged from the unit through the chilled water outlet 36 in the refrigeration mode. The refrigerant in the evaporator 2, after absorbing heat from the chilled water, evaporates into refrigerant vapor. This vapor is absorbed by the dilute lithium bromide solution in the absorber 1 and enters the regenerator 4 along with the lithium bromide solution. There, it is heated by warm water, regenerating refrigerant vapor. This vapor then enters the condenser 3, where it is condensed by the cooling water. The condensate then enters the evaporator 2 and evaporates again, completing the refrigerant cycle. Correspondingly, cooling water enters the condenser 3 through the cooling water inlet 31 in the refrigeration mode. After absorbing the condensation heat of the refrigerant vapor, it is discharged from the unit through the cooling water outlet 35 in the refrigeration mode. This is the refrigeration mode unit cycle process.

[0021] In thermal storage mode, switching valves A, D, E, F, G, J, K, L, M, and N are closed, while the remaining switching valves are open. All pumps are running. In this mode, the heat source water generated from the low-temperature waste heat enters regenerator 4 and absorber 1 through heat source water inlet 26. After heating the lithium bromide solution in regenerator 4 and absorber 1, the solution is discharged from the unit through heat source water outlet 27. The lithium bromide solution at the bottom of regenerator 4 and absorber 1 is pressurized by solution pumps 21 and 22 and then re-enters the upper part of regenerator 4 and absorber 1 for dripping. Heated by the heat source water, its concentration continuously increases, eventually forming lithium bromide crystals. This stores the heat from the heat source water in crystalline form within regenerator 4 and absorber 1. Meanwhile, the refrigerant vapor generated during solution heating enters condenser 3 and evaporator 2, heating the stored hot water within. The vapor then condenses into water and is stored at the bottom of condenser 3 and evaporator 2. The stored hot water enters the condenser and evaporator from the stored hot water inlet 2 under thermal storage conditions. After being heated by refrigerant steam, it is discharged from the unit from the stored hot water outlet 32 ​​under thermal storage conditions. The temperature of the stored hot water increases, and the heat source quality increases. Under thermal storage conditions, some waste heat resources are stored, and some waste heat is transferred to the stored hot water, realizing the reuse of waste heat.

[0022] Under exothermic operation, switching valves A, D, E, F, G, J, K, L, M, and N remain closed, while the remaining switching valves are open, and all pumps operate. At this time, the heat source enters the condenser 3 and evaporator 2 respectively from the exothermic operation hot water inlet 23, heating the refrigerant in condenser 3 and evaporator 2 before being discharged from the unit via the exothermic operation hot water outlet 22. The refrigerant stored at the bottom of condenser 3 and evaporator 2 is pressurized by refrigerant pumps A 23 and B 24, then drips into the upper part of condenser 3 and evaporator 2. After being heated by the heat source water, it enters regenerator 4 and condenser 3, heating the lithium bromide crystals in regenerator 4 and condenser 3, turning into condensate. The lithium bromide crystals stored in regenerator 4 and condenser 3 are heated by refrigerant steam and diluted by liquid water, causing the crystals to melt and release heat. This heat is then pumped to the upper part of regenerator 4 and absorber 1 via solution pump 21 and solution pump 22, heating the stored hot water in regenerator 4 and absorber 1. After heating, the hot water returns to the lower part of regenerator 4 and absorber 1, completing the cycle. The stored hot water enters the unit through the hot water inlet 27 under heat release conditions, is heated, and then discharged from the unit through the hot water outlet 26 under heat release conditions. The increased temperature and heat source quality of the stored hot water allow for the transfer of some of the stored waste heat to the stored hot water under heat release conditions, thus enabling the reuse of waste heat.

[0023] This invention allows the unit to switch to cooling mode when cooling is required, recovering heat from waste heat resources to drive the unit and produce chilled water for delivery to users. When cooling is not needed, it switches to heat storage mode, storing the waste heat in the form of lithium bromide crystals. When heat is needed, the low-temperature waste heat heats the lithium bromide crystals, releasing the heat to heat the stored water, thus improving the heat source quality of the stored water. This unit achieves dual-purpose functionality, with a more compact heat exchanger structure, significantly reduced footprint, improved energy efficiency, and reduced energy consumption. It realizes industrial waste heat recovery, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction goals, reducing the consumption of other high-grade energy sources, maximizing energy conservation and emission reduction, reducing pollutant emissions, further enhancing the sustainable development of enterprises, and achieving effective energy utilization, resulting in significant economic and social benefits.

[0024] Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the scope of this utility model are included within the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made without departing from the scope of protection of this utility model are included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An absorption unit with heat storage function, characterized in that: The application relates to a heat pump system, which comprises an absorber (1), an evaporator (2), a condenser (3) and a regenerator (4) connected by pipelines; the pipelines comprise a pump group, a valve group for switching the working conditions of the machine group and water source inlets and outlets of different working conditions; the pump group comprises solution pump one (21), solution pump two (22), refrigerant pump A (23) and refrigerant pump B (24); the solution pump one (21) is connected to the lower part of the regenerator (4); the solution pump two (22) is connected to the lower part of the absorber (1); the refrigerant pump A (23) is connected to the lower part of the evaporator (2); the refrigerant pump B (24) is connected to the lower part of the condenser (3); the solution pump one (21) is connected to switching valve O (19) and switching valve P (20); the solution pump two (22) is connected to switching valve K (15); and the refrigerant pump B (24) is connected to switching valve L (16).

2. The absorption unit with heat storage function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water source inlets and outlets comprise a refrigeration working condition warm water inlet (25), a heat storage working condition heat source water inlet, a heat release working condition heat storage water outlet one (26), a heat storage working condition heat source water outlet, a heat release working condition heat storage water inlet one (27), a refrigeration working condition cooling water inlet one (28), a refrigeration working condition warm water outlet (29), a refrigeration working condition cooling water outlet one (30), a refrigeration working condition cooling water inlet two (31), a heat storage working condition heat source water inlet, a heat release working condition heat storage water outlet two (32), a heat storage working condition heat source water outlet, a heat release working condition heat storage water inlet two (33), a refrigeration working condition cold water inlet (34), a refrigeration working condition cooling water outlet two (35) and a refrigeration working condition cold water outlet (36); the refrigeration working condition warm water inlet (25), the heat storage working condition heat source water inlet, the heat release working condition heat storage water outlet one (26), the heat storage working condition heat source water outlet, the heat release working condition heat storage water inlet one (27), the refrigeration working condition cooling water inlet one (28) and the refrigeration working condition warm water outlet (29) are located in the pipelines connected between the absorber (1) and the regenerator (4); and the refrigeration working condition cooling water inlet two (31), the heat storage working condition heat source water inlet, the heat release working condition heat storage water outlet two (32), the heat storage working condition heat source water outlet, the heat release working condition heat storage water inlet two (33), the refrigeration working condition cold water inlet (34), the refrigeration working condition cooling water outlet two (35) and the refrigeration working condition cold water outlet (36) are located in the pipelines connected between the evaporator (2) and the condenser (3).

3. The absorption unit with heat storage function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve group comprises switching valve A (5), switching valve B (6), switching valve C (7), switching valve D (8), switching valve E (9), switching valve F (10), switching valve G (11), switching valve H (12), switching valve I (13), switching valve J (14), switching valve K (15), switching valve L (16), switching valve M (17), switching valve N (18), switching valve O (19), and switching valve P (20); the switching valve A (5), the switching valve B (6), the switching valve C (7), the switching valve D (8), and the switching valve E (9) are respectively arranged on the heat source water inlet of the heat storage working condition, the heat storage water outlet one (26) of the heat releasing working condition, the heat source water outlet of the heat storage working condition, the heat storage water inlet one (27) of the heat releasing working condition, the cooling water inlet one (28) of the refrigeration working condition, the warm water outlet (29) of the refrigeration working condition, and the cooling water outlet one (30) of the refrigeration working condition; the switching valve F (10), the switching valve G (11), the switching valve H (12), the switching valve I (13), and the switching valve J (14) are respectively arranged on the cooling water inlet two (31) of the refrigeration working condition, the heat source water inlet of the heat storage working condition, the heat storage water outlet two (32) of the heat releasing working condition, the heat source water outlet of the heat storage working condition, the heat storage water inlet two (33) of the heat releasing working condition, the cooling water inlet (34) of the refrigeration working condition, and the cooling water outlet (36) of the refrigeration working condition; the switching valve M (17) is arranged on the cooling water outlet two (35) of the refrigeration working condition; and the switching valve N (18) is arranged between the evaporator (2) and the condenser (3).

4. The absorption unit with heat storage function according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The unit working conditions comprise a refrigeration working condition, a heat storage working condition, and a heat releasing working condition, and the unit applicable types comprise a single-effect type, a single-stage type, a single-section type, a multi-effect type, a multi-stage type, and a multi-section type.

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