Brick turnover device
By designing a multi-brick synchronous flipping device, the shortcomings of refractory brick flipping devices in terms of production efficiency and stability were solved, realizing an efficient and stable automated palletizing process, and meeting the high-efficiency automation requirements of refractory brick production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the refractory brick turning device cannot match the production rhythm of multiple molding in the die casting machine, resulting in low production efficiency and problems such as asynchronous bricks and impurity accumulation, which affect the stability and efficiency of stacking.
A brick turning device was designed, which includes a belt conveyor, a pushing mechanism and a turning mechanism. It adopts a rack and pinion transmission system and a turning cylinder to drive the bricks to achieve synchronous turning of multiple bricks. A material discharge hole is set on the turning mechanism to remove impurities and ensure turning accuracy and stability.
It achieves efficient and synchronous flipping of multiple bricks with a flipping angle deviation of less than 0.5°, solving the problems of production efficiency and stacking stability, avoiding the impact of impurity accumulation, and meeting the needs of efficient and automated production.
Smart Images
Figure CN223983102U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of material conveying and sorting equipment, and in particular relates to a brick turning device. Background Technology
[0002] In refractory brick production, refractory bricks are die-cast using a hydraulic press. The hydraulic press casts three refractory bricks at a time, and the cast bricks are then conveyed out via a conveyor belt. However, the refractory bricks conveyed from the belt are placed horizontally, while subsequent ventilation requirements and stack stability necessitate that the refractory bricks be uprighted and rotated 90 degrees before stacking.
[0003] Traditional refractory brick stacking relies primarily on manual labor. Workers must rotate each horizontally conveyed brick by 90° and stack them upright. Because ventilation gaps must be maintained between bricks, manual stacking requires intense concentration to prevent the stack from tilting or collapsing. This method is labor-intensive, inefficient (each worker can only process 200-300 bricks per hour), and produces inconsistent stacking quality, making it unsuitable for modern large-scale production.
[0004] In recent years, industrial robots have been increasingly applied to palletizing operations, enabling automated production. However, in the automated palletizing process, the horizontally conveyed bricks first need to be flipped and uprighted, and existing flipping technologies still have the following problems:
[0005] First, most turning devices can only process a single brick at a time, which cannot match the production rhythm of die-casting machines that can mold multiple bricks (usually 3 bricks) at a time, resulting in limited production efficiency.
[0006] Second, some multi-brick flipping mechanisms adopt a mechanical linkage design, but due to insufficient structural precision, bricks are prone to being out of sync during the flipping process, affecting the stability of subsequent stacking.
[0007] Third, bricks will generate debris during the conveying process. These impurities can easily accumulate on the turning device, interfering with the accurate positioning of the bricks and requiring frequent machine stops for cleaning. Summary of the Invention
[0008] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a brick flipping device. It enables simultaneous, high-precision flipping of multiple bricks while simultaneously resolving the problem of impurity accumulation, thus meeting the demands of efficient and stable automated production.
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a brick turning device, comprising a belt conveyor, a pushing mechanism, and a turning mechanism arranged sequentially along the brick conveying direction. The pushing mechanism is fixed above the belt conveyor by a mounting frame and is used to push bricks that have not yet reached their designated positions. The outlet end of the belt conveyor is horizontally connected to the L-shaped accommodating space of the turning mechanism, used to convey bricks onto the L-shaped accommodating space. The turning mechanism includes a turning frame, with a vertical plate mounted on the top of the turning frame. The L-shaped accommodating space is rotatably connected to one side of the vertical plate via a rotating shaft, which is connected to a turning drive mechanism to achieve a 90° turn of the L-shaped accommodating space. The L-shaped accommodating space is provided with a discharge hole for dropping impurities during brick conveying, preventing impurities from accumulating and affecting the bricks reaching the predetermined position.
[0010] Furthermore, there are three L-shaped accommodating spaces, each corresponding to the synchronous flipping of three bricks; the three L-shaped accommodating spaces are installed at equal intervals on the upright plate, and each L-shaped accommodating space is rotatably connected to the upright plate through an independent rotating shaft; each rotating shaft is fixedly equipped with a gear, and the three gears are synchronously meshed and driven through the same rack to ensure the synchronicity of the three L-shaped accommodating spaces during the flipping process.
[0011] Furthermore, the flipping drive mechanism includes a rack, gears, and a flipping cylinder; the rack is horizontally positioned at the top of the flipping frame and on the other side of the upright plate, and slides with the guide rail via a sliding plate; one end of the rack is connected to the piston rod of the flipping cylinder; the number of gears is consistent with the number of L-shaped accommodating spaces, each gear is fixedly mounted on a corresponding rotating shaft, and all gears mesh with the same rack; when the flipping cylinder drives the rack to move linearly, the rack drives all gears to rotate synchronously, thereby achieving a 90° synchronous flip of all L-shaped accommodating spaces via the rotating shaft.
[0012] Furthermore, the rack is connected to the slide plate, and the slide plate is slidably mounted on the guide rail, which is parallel to the rack; the slide plate, the guide rail, and the tilting cylinder are all mounted on the top of the tilting frame.
[0013] Furthermore, the L-shaped accommodating space is composed of a flap and a side plate that are fixed perpendicularly to each other; the flap is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and is used to support the bricks and drive the bricks to rotate when flipped; the side plate is set perpendicular to the flap and is used to form a support surface in an upright state after the bricks are flipped; the material discharge holes are evenly distributed on the flap and / or the side plate.
[0014] Furthermore, the flipping mechanism is equipped with a pusher positioning sensor and a slide plate positioning sensor; the pusher positioning sensor is installed at the feeding end of the flipping frame and is used to detect whether the brick is pushed to a predetermined position in the L-shaped accommodating space by the pusher mechanism; the slide plate positioning sensor is installed at the end of the rack's stroke and is used to detect whether the rack drives the flip plate to complete a 90° flip or reset to the initial horizontal state.
[0015] Furthermore, the flipping mechanism also includes a buffer disposed on the rack's movement path, the buffer being located at the end of the rack's stroke.
[0016] Furthermore, when the flap is in a horizontal state, its bearing surface is coplanar with the conveying surface of the belt conveyor.
[0017] Furthermore, the belt conveyor is configured as a stepping conveyor.
[0018] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a base plate, a downward cylinder, a horizontal cylinder, and a push plate; the base plate is fixed on the mounting frame, the downward cylinder is vertically mounted on the base plate, and the piston rod end of the downward cylinder is connected to the horizontal cylinder; the horizontal cylinder is horizontally arranged, and the push plate is fixed to the piston rod end of the horizontal cylinder.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages.
[0020] This utility model brick flipping device can achieve the function of flipping multiple bricks by 90 degrees at one time, which is perfectly matched with the production cycle of multi-brick forming (3 bricks / time) of die casting machine, and the efficiency is greatly improved compared with the traditional single brick flipping device.
[0021] This utility model's flipping mechanism uses a cylinder-driven rack and pinion transmission system, combined with a rigid rotating shaft structure, to ensure that the flipping angle deviation of multiple bricks is less than 0.5°, thus solving the problem of stacking misalignment caused by asynchronous bricks in the prior art.
[0022] This invention features a material discharge hole on the flipping mechanism, which facilitates the removal of impurities that fall during the brick conveying process, preventing the accumulation of impurities from preventing the bricks from reaching the predetermined position. Attached Figure Description
[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of the brick flipping device in the embodiment.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the brick flipping device in the embodiment.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping mechanism structure of the brick flipping device in the embodiment. Figure 1 .
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the brick flipping device in the embodiment, showing the bricks flipping onto the flip plate.
[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the flipping mechanism structure of the brick flipping device in the embodiment. Figure 2 .
[0029] In the diagram, 1. Belt conveyor; 2. Pushing mechanism; 3. Tilting mechanism; 4. Brick; 201. Mounting frame; 202. Base plate; 203. Downward cylinder; 204. Horizontal push cylinder; 205. Push plate; 206. Pad block; 301. Tilting frame; 302. Outer cover; 303. Pushing position sensor; 304. Vertical plate; 305. Gear; 306. Rack; 307. Limit stop; 308. Slide plate; 309. Connecting rod; 310. Tilting cylinder; 311. Slide plate position sensor; 312. Guide rail; 313. Buffer; 314. Rotating shaft; 315. Support ear; 316. Mounting base; 317. Flip plate; 318. Drop hole; 319. Side plate. Detailed Implementation
[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this utility model, but not all embodiments.
[0031] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the brick turning device includes a belt conveyor 1, a pushing mechanism 2, and a turning mechanism 3 arranged sequentially along the brick conveying direction. The pushing mechanism 2 is fixed above the belt conveyor 1 by a mounting bracket 201 and is used to push bricks that have not yet reached their designated positions into place. The outlet end of the belt conveyor 1 is horizontally connected to the L-shaped receiving space of the turning mechanism 3, used to convey bricks onto the L-shaped receiving space. The turning mechanism 3 includes a turning frame 301, with a vertical plate 304 mounted on the top of the turning frame 301. The L-shaped receiving space is rotatably connected to one side of the vertical plate 304 via a rotating shaft 314. This rotating shaft 314 is connected to a turning drive mechanism to achieve a 90° turn of the L-shaped receiving space. The L-shaped receiving space is provided with a discharge hole 318 to allow impurities to fall during brick conveying, preventing impurities from accumulating and affecting the bricks reaching the predetermined position. The belt conveyor 1 is configured as a stepping conveyor. The stepping distance of belt conveyor 1 is equal to the distance between two batches of bricks. The stepping distance is synchronized with the production cycle of the press, ensuring that when each batch of bricks 4 arrives at belt conveyor 1, belt conveyor 1 only steps once, so that the distance between two adjacent batches of bricks 4 remains constant.
[0032] Preferably, there are three L-shaped accommodating spaces, each corresponding to the synchronous flipping of three bricks; the three L-shaped accommodating spaces are installed at equal intervals on the upright plate 304, and each L-shaped accommodating space is rotatably connected to the upright plate 304 through an independent rotating shaft 314; each rotating shaft 314 is fixedly equipped with a gear 305, and the three gears 305 are synchronously meshed and driven through the same rack 306 to ensure the synchronicity of the three L-shaped accommodating spaces during the flipping process.
[0033] Preferably, the flipping drive mechanism includes a rack 306, gears 305, and a flipping cylinder 310; the rack 306 is horizontally positioned at the top of the flipping frame 301 and on the other side of the upright plate 304, and slides with the guide rail 312 via a sliding plate 308; one end of the rack 306 is connected to the piston rod of the flipping cylinder 310; the number of gears 305 is the same as the number of L-shaped accommodating spaces, each gear 305 is fixedly mounted on the corresponding rotating shaft 314, and all gears 305 mesh with the same rack 306; when the flipping cylinder 310 drives the rack 306 to move linearly, the rack 306 drives all gears 305 to rotate synchronously, thereby achieving a 90° synchronous flip of all L-shaped accommodating spaces via the rotating shaft 314. The rack 306 is connected to the slide plate 308, and the slide plate 308 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 312, which is parallel to the rack 306; the slide plate 308, the guide rail 312, and the tilting cylinder 310 are all mounted on the top of the tilting frame 301.
[0034] Preferably, the L-shaped accommodating space is composed of a flap 317 and a side plate 319 fixed perpendicularly to each other; the flap 317 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 314 and is used to support the bricks and drive the bricks to rotate when flipped; the side plate 319 is set perpendicular to the flap 317 and is used to form a support surface in an upright state after the bricks are flipped; the material discharge holes 318 are evenly distributed on the flap 317 and / or the side plate 319. When the flap 317 is in a horizontal state, its bearing surface is coplanar with the conveying surface of the belt conveyor 1.
[0035] Preferably, the flipping mechanism 3 is equipped with a pusher positioning sensor 303 and a slide plate positioning sensor 311. The pusher positioning sensor 303 is installed at the feed end of the flipping frame 301 and is used to detect whether the brick 4 has been pushed to the predetermined position in the L-shaped accommodating space by the pusher mechanism 2. The slide plate positioning sensor 311 is installed at the end of the stroke of the rack 306 and is used to detect whether the rack 306 has driven the flip plate 317 to complete a 90° flip or reset to the initial horizontal state. The pusher positioning sensor 303 is signal-connected to the flipping cylinder 310 and triggers the flipping cylinder 310 to start when the brick is detected to be in position. The slide plate positioning sensor 311 is signal-connected to the flipping cylinder 310 and controls the cylinder to stop when the rack 306 reaches the flipping or reset endpoint.
[0036] Preferably, the flipping mechanism 3 further includes a buffer 313 disposed on the movement path of the rack 306, the buffer 313 being located at the end of the rack 306's stroke. It effectively absorbs the impact force when the rack 306 moves to the end point, reducing mechanical vibration and noise; and can prevent the rack 306 from rigidly colliding with the limiting device, extending the service life of the flipping mechanism 3.
[0037] Preferably, the pushing mechanism 2 includes a base plate 202, a downward cylinder 203, a horizontal cylinder 204, and a push plate 205; the base plate 202 is fixed on the mounting bracket 201, the downward cylinder 203 is vertically mounted on the base plate 202, and the piston rod end of the downward cylinder 203 is connected to the horizontal cylinder 204; the horizontal cylinder 204 is horizontally arranged, and the push plate 205 is fixed to the piston rod end of the horizontal cylinder 204. Specifically, the pushing surface of the pusher plate 205 is adapted to the shape of the end face of the brick 4; the downward cylinder 203 and the horizontal push cylinder 204 are linked for control: the downward cylinder 203 acts first, driving the horizontal push cylinder 204 and the pusher plate 205 to descend to the height of the tail of the brick 4; the horizontal push cylinder 204 acts again, pushing the pusher plate 205 to move horizontally, accurately pushing the brick 4, which is not fully in place due to the inertia of the conveying, into the preset position of the flip plate 317; the pushing stroke of the pusher plate 205 is matched with the amount of displacement that the brick 4 needs to compensate for.
[0038] Example 1: The flipping mechanism 3 also includes an outer cover 302, which completely covers the outside of the gear 305 and rack 306 transmission assembly. It effectively isolates external dust and foreign objects, prevents impurities from entering the precision meshing parts, and provides safety protection by completely enclosing the rotating parts to prevent operators from contacting the moving gear 305 and rack 306.
[0039] Example 2: The transmission ratio of gear 305 and rack 306 is set so that the stroke of tilting cylinder 310 corresponds to a 90-degree rotation angle of tilting plate 317. Through precise matching of the transmission system of gear 305 and rack 306, the piston rod stroke of tilting cylinder 310 and the 90° rotation angle of tilting plate 317 are precisely correlated. This ensures that a single stroke of cylinder 310 strictly corresponds to a 90° tilting angle.
[0040] Example 3: A pad 206 is provided on the base plate 202. The pad 206 is located at the end of the downward path of the push plate 205. The height of the pad 206 matches the target position where the push plate 205 needs to descend. It is used to mechanically limit the stroke of the downward cylinder 203 and ensure that the push plate 205 maintains a constant contact pressure with the tail of the brick 4 after each descent. The pad 206 is made of wear-resistant rubber or polyurethane and has cushioning and anti-slip functions.
[0041] Example 4: The width of the push plate 205 matches the total width of the bricks 4 conveyed in each batch, and is set to push 3 bricks at the same time; the pushing surface of the push plate 205 is provided with positioning protrusions corresponding to the spacing of the bricks 4, which are used to keep the relative position of multiple bricks unchanged during the pushing process; the output thrust of the horizontal push cylinder 204 is configured according to the load required to push 3 bricks at the same time.
[0042] The usage process of this utility model is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions:
[0043] S1. Three bricks are conveyed from the press to the belt conveyor in each batch. The belt conveyor advances a certain distance when each batch of bricks arrives, according to the production rhythm of the press. The advance distance is exactly the distance between two batches of bricks.
[0044] S2. During each step of the brick, a batch of bricks is fed into the flip plate of the flipping mechanism via the belt conveyor (the flip plate returns to the horizontal setting after each flip to wait for the next batch of bricks to come in). Due to the inertia of the belt conveyor, the bricks rush a certain distance (half a brick body length) onto the flip plate after leaving the belt.
[0045] S3. At this time, the pushing mechanism is started. After the pushing mechanism moves down, the pushing plate reaches the tail of the brick. Then, through the action of the horizontal pushing cylinder, the brick is pushed into the flip plate as a whole.
[0046] S4. When the pusher sensor is triggered, it means that the brick is in place. At this time, the flipping cylinder is activated to push the rack to move. The rack drives the gear to rotate, achieving a 90° flip. After the flip is in place, the special machine removes the flipped brick. Then the flipping cylinder is activated to achieve a 90° reverse rotation (returning to the original position to wait for the next batch of bricks to arrive).
[0047] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "preferred embodiment," "detailed description," or "preferred embodiment," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0048] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Therefore, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope defined by the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A brick turning device, characterised in that, The device comprises a belt conveyor (1), a pushing mechanism (2) and a turnover mechanism (3) arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the bricks; The pushing mechanism (2) is fixed above the belt conveyor (1) through a mounting frame (201) and is used for pushing the unpositioned bricks into position; The outlet end of the belt conveyor (1) is horizontally connected with an L-shaped containing space of the turnover mechanism (3) and is used for conveying the bricks to the L-shaped containing space; The turnover mechanism (3) comprises a turnover frame (301), the top of the turnover frame (301) is provided with a vertical plate (304), the L-shaped containing space is rotationally connected to one side of the vertical plate (304) through a rotating shaft (314), the rotating shaft (314) is connected with a turnover driving mechanism and is used for realizing 90° turnover of the L-shaped containing space; The L-shaped containing space is provided with a material dropping hole (318) and is used for dropping impurities during the conveying of the bricks.
2. A brick tipping device according to claim 1, characterised in that The number of the L-shaped containing spaces is three, which correspond to the synchronous turnover of three bricks respectively; the three L-shaped containing spaces are equidistantly arranged on the vertical plate (304) and are rotationally connected to the vertical plate (304) through independent rotating shafts (314); each rotating shaft (314) is fixedly provided with a gear (305), the three gears (305) are synchronously meshed and driven through a same gear rack (306), and the synchronism of the three L-shaped containing spaces during the turnover is ensured.
3. A brick tipping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that The turnover driving mechanism comprises the gear rack (306), the gears (305) and a turnover cylinder (310); The gear rack (306) is horizontally arranged on the top of the turnover frame (301) and the other side of the vertical plate (304) and is slidably connected with a guide rail (312) through a sliding plate (308), one end of the gear rack (306) is connected with a piston rod of the turnover cylinder (310); The number of the gears (305) is consistent with the number of the L-shaped containing spaces, each gear (305) is fixedly sleeved on a corresponding rotating shaft (314), and all the gears (305) are meshed with the same gear rack (306); When the turnover cylinder (310) drives the linear motion of the gear rack (306), the gear rack (306) drives the synchronous rotation of all the gears (305), and then the 90° synchronous turnover of all the L-shaped containing spaces is realized through the rotating shafts (314).
4. A brick tipping device according to claim 3, characterised in that The gear rack (306) is connected with the sliding plate (308), the sliding plate (308) is slidably arranged on the guide rail (312), and the guide rail (312) is parallel to the gear rack (306); the sliding plate (308), the guide rail (312) and the turnover cylinder (310) are arranged on the top of the turnover frame (301).
5. The brick tipping device of claim 1, wherein The L-shaped containing space is composed of a vertical fixed flap (317) and a side plate (319); the flap (317) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (314) and is used for bearing the bricks and rotating the bricks during the turnover; the side plate (319) is arranged perpendicularly to the flap (317) and is used for forming a support surface in a vertical state after the turnover of the bricks; the material dropping holes (318) are evenly distributed on the flap (317) and / or the side plate (319).
6. A brick tipping device according to claim 5, characterised in that The turnover mechanism (3) is provided with a pushing-to-position sensor (303) and a sliding plate-to-position sensor (311). The pushing-to-position sensor (303) is installed at the feeding end of the turnover frame (301) to detect whether the brick (4) is pushed to the predetermined position of the L-shaped containing space by the pushing mechanism (2); The slide-to-position sensor (311) is installed at the stroke end of the rack (306) to detect whether the rack (306) drives the flap (317) to complete 90° turnover or reset to the horizontal initial state.
7. A brick tipping device according to claim 3, wherein The turnover mechanism (3) further comprises a buffer (313) arranged on the movement path of the rack (306), and the buffer (313) is located at the stroke end of the rack (306).
8. The brick tipping device of claim 5, wherein, When the flap (317) is in the horizontal state, the bearing surface thereof is coplanar with the conveying surface of the belt conveyor (1).
9. A brick tipping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that The belt conveyor (1) is arranged as a step-by-step conveyor.
10. A brick tipping device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that The pushing mechanism (2) comprises a bottom plate (202), a downward cylinder (203), a horizontal pushing cylinder (204), and a pushing plate (205); the bottom plate (202) is fixed on the mounting frame (201), the downward cylinder (203) is vertically installed on the bottom plate (202), and the piston rod end of the downward cylinder (203) is connected with the horizontal pushing cylinder (204); the horizontal pushing cylinder (204) is horizontally arranged, and the piston rod end of the horizontal pushing cylinder (204) is fixed with the pushing plate (205).