PV / T-air double-heat-source series direct-expansion heat pump combined cooling heating and power supply system combining waste heat utilization, air supplementing and enthalpy increasing

Abstract

The utility model discloses a PV / T-air double-heat-source series direct expansion heat pump combined cooling heating and power supply system combining waste heat utilization, air supply and enthalpy increase, which is applied to the field of solar energy and air energy utilization and comprises a PV / T-air double-heat-source series energy collection module, a plurality of PV / T assemblies connected in parallel and an air energy heat exchanger connected in series; a direct-expansion heat pump cold and hot circulation module comprises a one-way valve, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, a main path electronic expansion valve, a buffer water tank, a heat supply / cold supply water tank, a plate exchange condenser, an air supply enthalpy increasing compressor, a gas-liquid separator and a four-way reversing valve. In the heating mode, the assembly and the air energy heat exchanger serve as evaporators, and in the refrigerating mode, the flow direction is switched through the four-way reversing valve, and the assembly and the air energy heat exchanger serve as condensers. The air supply and enthalpy increase module based on waste heat utilization comprises a water pump, an auxiliary electronic expansion valve economizer and a waste heat water tank. According to the utility model, stable, efficient and low-carbon combined supply of cooling, heating and power is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of solar energy and air energy utilization, especially relates to a PV / T-air double heat source series connection direct expansion heat pump combined heat, power and cooling system of supplementary gas and enthalpy increase of combination waste heat utilization. BACKGROUND

[0002] In industrial waste heat, the waste heat of 25-40 DEG C in winter is difficult to be utilized, and such low-temperature waste heat exists in many process production links. Some factory buildings, office buildings or dormitories still have heating demand in winter. It is found that the main way to solve the heating demand in winter at present is still to use steam to heat water for heating, which increases the consumption of natural gas and also increases the cost. The use of conventional air source heat pump system can solve the winter heating demand of factory buildings, office buildings or dormitories in winter, and the price of electricity is lower than that of steam. However, the heating performance of conventional heat pump is greatly reduced when the ambient temperature is low. The supplementary gas and enthalpy increase system of quasi two-stage compression can improve the heating performance of heat pump at low ambient temperature. The heat required by the heat pump supplementary gas path can fully utilize the waste heat of 25-40 DEG C in the process. In the field of building, low-temperature hot water can be prepared by solar collector in winter to meet the heat required by the heat pump supplementary gas path. In addition, the addition of direct expansion PV / T component can improve the evaporation temperature of the heat pump system, and thus improve the performance of the heat pump system. The series configuration of direct expansion PV / T component and air energy tube fin heat exchanger can avoid the influence of switching between different evaporators on the performance of the system, and reduce the complexity of system control. With the upgrading of the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutral to national strategy, the energy saving and low carbon development in the field of building has become an urgent demand. Promoting energy saving and emission reduction technology and developing renewable energy are the inevitable way to solve the problem.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a PV / T-air double heat source series connection direct expansion heat pump combined heat, power and cooling system of supplementary gas and enthalpy increase of combination waste heat utilization, which can efficiently utilize low-temperature industrial waste heat and solar energy / air energy multi-heat source, solve the performance attenuation of conventional heat pump in low-temperature environment, the complexity of multi-heat source switching, the waste of photovoltaic waste heat and the single function of the system, and realize stable, efficient and low-carbon combined heat, power and cooling is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] Therefore, the utility model provides a PV / T-air double heat source series connection direct expansion heat pump combined heat, power and cooling system of supplementary gas and enthalpy increase of combination waste heat utilization.

[0005] In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] The application discloses a PV / T-air dual-heat-source series connection direct expansion heat pump combined cooling, heating and power supply system with waste heat utilization and air supplement and enthalpy increase, which comprises a PV / T-air dual-heat-source series connection energy collection module, a direct expansion heat pump cooling and heating cycle module and an air supplement and enthalpy increase module based on waste heat utilization.

[0007] The PV / T-air dual-heat-source series connection energy collection module comprises a plurality of parallel PV / T components and an air energy heat exchanger connected in series with the plurality of PV / T components.

[0008] The direct expansion heat pump cooling and heating cycle module comprises a one-way valve, a liquid storage tank, a drying filter, a main path electronic expansion valve, a buffer water tank, a heating / cooling water tank, a plate heat exchanger condenser, an air supplement and enthalpy increase compressor, a gas-liquid separator and a four-way reversing valve.

[0009] In the heating mode, the PV / T component and the air energy heat exchanger serve as evaporators, the refrigerant sequentially passes through the PV / T component and the air energy heat exchanger, enters the gas-liquid separator to separate liquid impurities, is prevented from flowing back through the one-way valve, is pressurized into high-temperature and high-pressure gas by the air supplement and enthalpy increase compressor, enters the plate heat exchanger condenser, releases heat to the heating water tank through the buffer water tank, is depressurized by the main path electronic expansion valve and returns to the evaporator, and the heating cycle is completed.

[0010] In the cooling mode, the refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas by the air supplement and enthalpy increase compressor and is switched in flow direction by the four-way reversing valve, at this time, the PV / T component and the air energy heat exchanger serve as condensers, sequentially enter the PV / T component and the air energy heat exchanger, release heat to the environment and are condensed into liquid, sequentially flow through the liquid storage tank and the drying filter, are depressurized by the main path electronic expansion valve, enter the evaporator area associated with the cooling water tank and absorb heat to vaporize, finally return to the air supplement and enthalpy increase compressor, and the cooling cycle is completed.

[0011] The air supplement and enthalpy increase module based on waste heat utilization comprises a water pump, an auxiliary path electronic expansion valve, an economizer and a waste heat water tank.

[0012] In the heating mode, when one of the solar irradiation and the ambient temperature is less than a preset value, the waste heat water tank delivers the stored industrial waste heat (20-40 DEG C industrial waste heat) to the economizer through the water pump, the auxiliary path electronic expansion valve is opened and controls the refrigerant flow of the air supplement branch, the refrigerant absorbs waste heat to vaporize in the economizer, enters the middle part of the air supplement and enthalpy increase compressor through the intermediate air supplement port, and quasi-secondary compression is realized.

[0013] Optionally, the PV / T component comprises a photovoltaic cell, a flat plate micro heat pipe array, a flat plate porous flat tube heat exchanger, a straight fin air duct, a through-flow fan and a heat preservation layer.

[0014] The flat micro heat pipe array has two layers, the front surface of the upper layer flat micro heat pipe array is attached to the back surface of the photovoltaic cell, and the back surface of the lower layer flat micro heat pipe array is attached to the straight fin air duct, the straight fin air duct is internally provided with a cross-flow fan for driving air to flow through the air duct and exchange heat with the lower layer flat micro heat pipe array;

[0015] The condensation section and the evaporation section of the two-layer flat micro heat pipe array are attached to the flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger, a plurality of flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchangers are connected in parallel, and the flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger between the two-layer flat micro heat pipe array is not attached to the position of the heat insulation layer;

[0016] The inlet and outlet of the flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger are respectively connected to the outlet of the main road electronic expansion valve and the inlet of the air supplement and enthalpy increasing compressor through the flow divider and the flow collector.

[0017] Optionally, the length of each flat micro heat pipe array is the same as the length of the photovoltaic cell, and the flat micro heat pipe array is a flat heat conductor made of metal material and having a porous structure through extrusion, and the inside has a plurality of parallel arranged micro heat pipes which are not connected and independently run.

[0018] Optionally, the flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger is attached to two at the condensation section of the two-layer flat micro heat pipe array and one at the evaporation section of the two-layer flat micro heat pipe array.

[0019] Optionally, the inlet and outlet of the flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger are also provided with a switching valve for heating mode and cooling mode.

[0020] Optionally, the photovoltaic cell provides power for the direct electric heater in the water pump, cross-flow fan and heating / cooling water tank.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the PV / T-air double heat source series expansion heat pump combined with waste heat utilization and air supplement and enthalpy increase is provided, which has the advantages that the 20-40 DEG C industrial waste heat stored in the waste heat water tank is connected to the heat pump air supplement loop through the economizer and the auxiliary road electronic expansion valve, heat is provided for the air supplement and enthalpy increase compressor, and the heating capacity of the heat pump in the low-temperature environment is improved; the PV / T component (integrating the flat micro heat pipe array, the flat porous flat tube heat exchanger and the straight fin air duct) and the air energy heat exchanger are connected in series as the double-source evaporator, the upper micro heat pipe collects the photovoltaic cell waste heat to reduce the cell temperature and improve the power generation efficiency, the lower air duct utilizes the air energy, the two are isolated by the heat preservation layer to avoid heat loss, the synchronous utilization of the solar energy and the air energy is realized without switching the evaporator; the air supplement and enthalpy increase technology is combined with the waste heat to heat the refrigerant, the compressor exhaust temperature is reduced, the low-temperature efficiency decay and stability problems of the conventional heat pump are solved; the heating / cooling water tank is used to store the cold and heat medium, the photovoltaic power generation is used to supply power for the system equipment, the four-way valve is used to switch the refrigeration / heat mode, and the multi-energy output of "electricity-heat-cold" is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 The system structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 The PV / T component structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0025] In the figure: 1-PV / T component, 2-air energy heat exchanger; 3-one-way valve; 4-liquid storage tank; 5-dry filter, 6-main road electronic expansion valve, 7-buffer water tank, 8-water pump, 9-heating / cooling water tank, 10-plate heat exchanger condenser, 11-auxiliary road electronic expansion valve, 12-economizer, 13-waste heat water tank, 14-air supplement and enthalpy increase compressor, 15-gas-liquid separator, 16-four-way valve, 17-photovoltaic cell; 18-flat micro heat pipe array; 19-flat porous flat tube heat exchanger, 20-straight fin air duct; 21-through-flow fan; 22-heat preservation layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be apparently and completely described in connection with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] The utility model embodiment 1 discloses a kind of PV / T-air dual heat source series connection direct expansion heat pump combined with waste heat utilization air supplementing enthalpy increasing CCHP system, as shown in Figure, including: PV / T-air dual heat source series connection energy collection module, direct expansion heat pump cold and heat cycle module and air supplementing enthalpy increasing module based on waste heat utilization; Figure 1

[0029] PV / T-air dual heat source series connection energy collection module, including: multiple parallel PV / T components 1 and air energy heat exchanger 2 in series with multiple PV / T components 1;

[0030] Direct expansion heat pump cold and heat cycle module, including: check valve 3, liquid tank 4, drying filter 5, main road electronic expansion valve 6, buffer water tank 7, heating / cooling water tank 8, plate exchange condenser 10, air supplementing enthalpy increasing compressor 14, gas-liquid separator 15, four-way reversing valve 16;

[0031] In heating mode, PV / T component 1 and air energy heat exchanger 2 act as evaporator, refrigerant passes through PV / T component 1 and air energy heat exchanger 2 in turn, enters gas-liquid separator 15 to separate liquid impurities, after preventing refrigerant backflow by check valve 3, is pressurized into high-temperature high-pressure gas by air supplementing enthalpy increasing compressor 14, enters plate exchange condenser 10, releases heat to heat water tank by buffer water tank 7, returns to evaporator after being depressurized by main road electronic expansion valve 6, completes heating cycle;

[0032] In cooling mode, refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure gas by air supplementing enthalpy increasing compressor 14, and switches flow direction by four-way reversing valve 16, at this time, PV / T component 1 and air energy heat exchanger 2 act as condenser, enter PV / T component 1 and air energy heat exchanger 2 in turn, release heat to environment and condense into liquid, then flow through liquid tank 4 and drying filter 5 in turn, after being depressurized by main road electronic expansion valve 6, enter evaporator area associated with cooling water tank to absorb heat and vaporize, finally return to air supplementing enthalpy increasing compressor 14, complete cooling cycle;

[0033] Air supplementing enthalpy increasing module based on waste heat utilization, including: water pump, auxiliary road electronic expansion valve 11, economizer 12 and waste heat water tank 13.​

[0034] In heating mode, when either solar irradiance or ambient temperature is less than a preset value, the waste heat tank 13 uses a water pump to transport the stored industrial waste heat to the economizer 12. The auxiliary electronic expansion valve 11 opens and controls the refrigerant flow in the gas injection branch, so that the refrigerant absorbs waste heat and vaporizes in the economizer 12, and enters the middle of the gas injection enthalpy-increasing compressor 14 through the intermediate gas injection port to achieve quasi-two-stage compression.

[0035] PV / T component 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes: photovoltaic cell 17, flat plate micro heat pipe array 18, flat plate porous flat tube heat exchanger 19, straight fin air duct 20, cross flow fan 21, and insulation layer 22.

[0036] The flat plate micro heat pipe array 18 has two layers. The front of the upper flat plate micro heat pipe array 18 is attached to the back of the photovoltaic cell 17, and the back of the lower flat plate micro heat pipe array 18 is attached to the straight fin air duct 20. A cross-flow fan 21 is installed inside the straight fin air duct 20 to drive air to flow through the air duct and exchange heat with the lower flat plate micro heat pipe array 18. The flat plate micro heat pipe arrays 18 are spaced apart from each other, with a 3mm gap reserved between them as a gap for heat absorption expansion and thermal stress.

[0037] A flat plate porous tube heat exchanger 19 is attached between the condensation section and the evaporation section of the two-layer flat plate micro heat pipe array 18. Multiple flat plate porous tube heat exchangers 19 are connected in parallel. An insulation layer 22 is attached to the part of the flat plate porous tube heat exchanger 19 between the two-layer flat plate micro heat pipe array 18 that is not attached, so as to prevent the heat of the photovoltaic cell 17 from being dissipated to the environment through the back plate.

[0038] The inlet and outlet of the flat plate porous flat tube heat exchanger 19 are connected to the outlet of the main circuit electronic expansion valve 6 and the inlet of the gas replenishment and enthalpy-increasing compressor 14 through a distributor and a collector (to ensure that the working fluid travels the same distance).

[0039] Each flat micro heat pipe array 18 has the same length as the photovoltaic cell 17. The flat micro heat pipe array 18 is a flat heat conductor with a porous structure made of extruded metal material. It contains multiple micro heat pipes arranged side by side, which are not interconnected and operate independently. The hydraulic diameter of each micro heat pipe is 0.2-3.0 mm.

[0040] The flat plate porous flat tube heat exchanger 19 has two tubes attached to the condensation section of the two-layer flat plate micro heat pipe array 18, and one tube attached to the evaporation section of the two-layer flat plate micro heat pipe array 18; the pressure bearing capacity of the porous tube of the flat plate porous flat tube heat exchanger 19 reaches 7.0 MPa.

[0041] The inlet and outlet of the flat plate porous flat tube heat exchanger 19 are also equipped with valves for switching between heating and cooling modes.

[0042] Photovoltaic cells 17 provide power to water pumps, cross-flow fans 21, and direct electric heaters in heating / cooling water tanks 8.

[0043] This utility model discloses a PV / T-air dual-heat source series direct expansion heat pump combined cooling, heating and power system that combines waste heat utilization and enthalpy enhancement. Regarding the utilization of low-temperature industrial waste heat, the system utilizes industrial waste heat stored in a waste water tank at 20℃-40℃, which is then connected to the heat pump's gas injection loop via an economizer and an auxiliary electronic expansion valve to provide heat to the gas injection enthalpy-enhancing compressor, thereby improving the heat pump's heating capacity in low-temperature environments. For multi-heat source complementarity and simplified control, the PV / T module (integrated with a flat plate micro heat pipe array, a flat plate porous tube heat exchanger, and a straight finned air duct) is connected in series with an air source heat exchanger as a dual-source evaporator. The upper micro heat pipes collect waste heat from the photovoltaic cells to reduce cell temperature and increase power generation. For efficiency, the lower-level air duct utilizes air energy, and the two are isolated by an insulation layer to avoid heat loss, achieving simultaneous utilization of solar and air energy without switching evaporators. Regarding heat pump performance optimization, enthalpy enhancement technology combined with waste heat heating the refrigerant lowers the compressor exhaust temperature, solving the low-temperature efficiency degradation and stability issues of conventional heat pumps. For integrated cooling, heating, and power (CHP) systems, heating / cooling water tanks store the heating and cooling media, photovoltaic power generation supplies electricity to the system equipment, and a four-way reversing valve switches between cooling and heating modes, achieving multi-energy output of "electricity-heating-cooling". The overall solution, through waste heat recovery, dual-source series connection, photovoltaic waste heat utilization, and system integration, systematically solves problems such as low-temperature waste heat waste, insufficient heat pump performance, complex switching between multiple heat sources, and limited functionality, achieving efficient and low-carbon comprehensive energy utilization.

[0044] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0045] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A PV / T-air dual heat source series direct expansion heat pump combined cooling, heating and power system with waste heat utilization, air supplement and enthalpy increase, characterized in that, The application relates to a PV / T-air dual-heat-source series energy collection module, a direct expansion heat pump cold-heat cycle module and a supplementary air and enthalpy increasing module based on waste heat utilization. The PV / T-air dual-heat-source series energy collection module comprises a plurality of parallel PV / T components (1) and an air energy heat exchanger (2) connected in series with the plurality of PV / T components (1). The direct expansion heat pump cold-heat cycle module comprises a one-way valve (3), a liquid storage tank (4), a drying filter (5), a main road electronic expansion valve (6), a buffer water tank (7), a heating / cooling water tank (9), a plate heat exchanger condenser (10), a supplementary air and enthalpy increasing compressor (14), a gas-liquid separator (15) and a four-way reversing valve (16). In the heating mode, the PV / T component (1) and the air energy heat exchanger (2) act as evaporators, refrigerant passes through the PV / T component (1) and the air energy heat exchanger (2) in sequence, enters the gas-liquid separator (15) to separate liquid impurities, is prevented from flowing back through the one-way valve (3), is pressurized into high-temperature and high-pressure gas through the supplementary air and enthalpy increasing compressor (14), enters the plate heat exchanger condenser (10), releases heat to condense into liquid in the heating water tank through the buffer water tank (7), is depressurized through the main road electronic expansion valve (6) and returns to the evaporator, and a heating cycle is completed. In the cooling mode, refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure gas through the supplementary air and enthalpy increasing compressor (14) and is switched in flow direction through the four-way reversing valve (16), at this time, the PV / T component (1) and the air energy heat exchanger (2) act as condensers, pass through the PV / T component (1) and the air energy heat exchanger (2) in sequence, release heat to condense into liquid, pass through the liquid storage tank (4) and the drying filter (5) in sequence, are depressurized through the main road electronic expansion valve (6), enter the evaporator area associated with the cooling water tank to absorb heat and vaporize, and finally return to the supplementary air and enthalpy increasing compressor (14), and a cooling cycle is completed. The supplementary air and enthalpy increasing module based on waste heat utilization comprises a water pump (8), an auxiliary road electronic expansion valve (11), an economizer (12) and a waste heat water tank (13). In the heating mode, when one of solar radiation and ambient temperature is less than a preset value, the waste heat water tank (13) delivers stored industrial waste heat to the economizer (12) through the water pump (8), the auxiliary road electronic expansion valve (11) is opened and controls the refrigerant flow of the supplementary air branch, refrigerant absorbs waste heat to vaporize in the economizer (12), enters the middle part of the supplementary air and enthalpy increasing compressor (14) through an intermediate air supplementing port, and quasi-secondary compression is realized. The PV / T component (1) comprises a photovoltaic cell (17), a flat plate micro heat pipe array (18), a flat plate porous flat tube heat exchanger (19), a straight fin air duct (20), a cross-flow fan (21) and a heat preservation layer (22).

2. The PV / T-air dual heat source series connection direct expansion heat pump cooling-heating and power cogeneration system combined with waste heat utilization and air supplementing enthalpy increasing according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ The flat micro heat pipe array (18) has two layers, the front surface of the upper layer flat micro heat pipe array (18) is attached to the back surface of the photovoltaic cell (17), and the back surface of the lower layer flat micro heat pipe array (18) is attached to the straight fin air duct (20), the straight fin air duct (20) is internally provided with the cross-flow fan (21) for driving air to flow through the air duct and exchange heat with the lower layer flat micro heat pipe array (18); The condensing section and the evaporating section of the two-layer flat micro heat pipe array (18) are attached to the flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger (19), a plurality of flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchangers (19) are connected in parallel, and the flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger (19) is not attached between the two-layer flat micro heat pipe array (18) and the thermal insulation layer (22) is attached to the non-attached part; The inlet and outlet of the flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger (19) are respectively connected to the outlet of the main road electronic expansion valve (6) and the inlet of the air supplementing and enthalpy increasing compressor (14) through the flow divider and the flow collector.

3. The PV / T-air dual heat source series connection direct expansion heat pump cooling-heating and power cogeneration system combined with waste heat utilization and air supplementing enthalpy increasing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of each flat micro heat pipe array (18) is the same as the length of the photovoltaic cell (17), and the flat micro heat pipe array (18) is a flat heat conductor made of metal material with a porous structure by extrusion, which has a plurality of parallel arranged micro heat pipes that are not connected and independently run.

4. The PV / T-air dual heat source series connection direct expansion heat pump cooling-heating and power cogeneration system combined with waste heat utilization and air supplementing enthalpy increasing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger (19) is attached to two at the condensing section of the two-layer flat micro heat pipe array (18) and one at the evaporating section of the two-layer flat micro heat pipe array (18).

5. The PV / T-air dual heat source series direct expansion heat pump cooling-heating-cogeneration system combined with waste heat utilization and air supplementing enthalpy increasing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet of the flat plate-shaped porous flat tube heat exchanger (19) are also provided with a switching valve for heating mode and cooling mode.

6. The PV / T-air dual heat source series direct expansion heat pump cooling-heating-cogeneration system combined with waste heat utilization, air supplement and enthalpy increment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic cell (17) provides power for the water pump (8), the cross-flow fan (21), and the direct electric heater in the heating / cooling water tank (9).

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