Intelligent and accurate fire coal blending combustion control equipment
By introducing a pair of low-quality raw coal bunkers, a high-quality raw coal bunker, a coal feeder, a coal mill, and a control system into the coal-fired power unit, the problems of flexibility and real-time control of co-firing in the coal-fired power unit were solved, and the precise allocation of different coal types was achieved, thereby improving the economic and environmental performance of the unit.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-17
AI Technical Summary
The existing coal-fired power unit's blending control lacks flexibility and real-time capability, making it difficult to achieve efficient coal blending adjustments at different load stages, thus affecting the unit's economic and environmental performance.
It employs a pair of low-quality raw coal bunkers, a high-quality raw coal bunker, three coal feeders, two cross coal feeders, five coal mills, and a control system. The PLC controller and DPU achieve precise control of fuel quantity and speed, and combined with pneumatic gate valves and control valves, it enables flexible allocation of different coal types.
It enables automatic adjustment of coal type ratio at different load stages, improves combustion flexibility and real-time performance, avoids coking, ensures compliance with environmental protection standards, and enhances the unit's economy and flexibility.
Smart Images
Figure CN224003752U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal blending control technology, and in particular to a smart and precise coal blending control device. Background Technology
[0002] Under the new power system, traditional thermal power plants must undertake both base load and peak shaving tasks, requiring thermal power units to not only have high stability but also greater flexibility.
[0003] Most coal-fired power plants in my country use coal blending technology to improve the economic efficiency of their units. They burn low-calorific-value coal during low-load periods and high-calorific-value coal during high-load periods, employing a "separate coal pulverization and in-furnace co-firing" method. Coal blending is completed before the coal is fed into the furnace.
[0004] Under capacity-based pricing, thermal power units are required to have readily available standby capacity, and sufficient high-calorific-value coal is a key factor in this. Under spot market trading, securing higher trading prices also depends on high-calorific-value coal. Therefore, the ability to readily dispatch high-calorific-value coal has become the lifeline of thermal power unit operations, significantly impacting their economic viability.
[0005] Currently, the blending of coal-fired power units is generally carried out during the coal conveying stage in front of the furnace. There is no direct means to adjust the blending during operation. The ratio between different coal types is usually achieved by starting and stopping different coal feeders and adjusting the coal feed rate of different coal feeders. This method is not flexible and lacks real-time and flexibility. Therefore, a coal intelligent and precise blending control device is proposed. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a coal-fired intelligent and precise blending control device, mainly comprising a pair of low-quality raw coal bins, a high-quality raw coal bin, three coal feeders, two cross coal feeders, five coal mills, and a control system. The pair of low-quality raw coal bins are used to store low-quality coal, and the high-quality raw coal bins are used to store high-quality coal. The high-quality raw coal bin includes a main body, on which two coal distribution hoppers are symmetrically added. The feed inlets of the three coal feeders are respectively connected to the discharge outlets at the bottom of the main body and the bottom discharge outlets of the pair of low-quality raw coal bins. The inlets of the two cross feeders are fixedly connected to the outlets at the bottom of the two coal hoppers, respectively. Each of the two cross feeders has two outlets at its bottom. The inlets of the five coal mills are fixedly connected to one outlet of each of the three feeders and the two cross feeders. In addition, the other outlet of the two cross feeders is also fixedly connected to the inlet of the coal mill located below the low-quality raw coal silo. The control system includes a control cabinet, in which a PLC controller is installed, and a DPU is connected to the PLC controller.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the intelligent and precise coal blending control equipment of this utility model, pneumatic sliding door is installed on the inferior raw coal bunker, the main body of the coal bunker, and the coal distribution hopper.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the intelligent and precise coal blending control device of this utility model, the inferior raw coal bunker, the main body of the coal bunker, and the coal distribution hopper are all in the shape of a shrimp curve.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the intelligent and precise coal blending control equipment of this utility model, control valves are installed at the discharge ports of both the coal feeder and the cross coal feeder.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the intelligent and precise coal blending control device of this utility model, the DPU is used to receive fuel quantity commands, load commands, main parameters, and fuel calorific value.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the intelligent and precise coal blending control device of this utility model, the PLC controller is used to allocate the fuel quantity and speed of each coal feeder and cross coal feeder according to the fuel quantity and calorific value requirements.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0014] This invention can automatically adjust the coal blending ratio according to the load. During low load, it increases the amount of low-calorific-value coal and reduces the amount of high-calorific-value coal. During high load, it adopts a compartmentalized conveying method to convey high-calorific-value coal from the middle compartment to the two adjacent coal mills, enabling five coal mills to burn high-calorific-value coal. During the intermediate load period, it can enable the left and right coal mills to blend low-calorific-value coal and high-calorific-value coal in any proportion, thereby controlling the burner temperature, avoiding coking, and ensuring environmental protection standards. The overall operation is simple and can achieve flexible real-time blending of different coal types. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control strategy of the PLC controller of this utility model.
[0018] In the diagram: 100, low-quality raw coal bunker; 200, high-quality raw coal bunker; 201, main body of the coal bunker; 202, coal distribution hopper; 300, coal feeder; 400, cross coal feeder; 500, coal mill; 600, control system; 601, control cabinet; 602, PLC controller. Detailed Implementation
[0019] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0021] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that excludes other embodiments.
[0022] Secondly, this utility model is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of this utility model, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not adhering to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In addition, actual manufacturing should include the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.
[0023] Example 1
[0024] Reference Figure 1 -2, the first embodiment of this utility model, provides a coal-fired intelligent and precise blending control device, mainly comprising:
[0025] A pair of substandard coal storage bins 100, the pair of substandard coal storage bins 100 being used to store substandard coal;
[0026] A high-quality raw coal silo 200 is used to store high-quality coal. The high-quality raw coal silo 200 includes a main body 201. Two coal distribution hoppers 202 are symmetrically added to the main body 201 for coal distribution. The coal distribution hoppers 202 are connected to the main body 201 at the top and connected to the cross feeder 400 at the bottom.
[0027] Three coal feeders 300, the inlets of the three coal feeders 300 are fixedly connected to the bottom outlet of the main body of the coal bunker 201 and the bottom outlet of a pair of inferior raw coal bunkers 100 respectively;
[0028] Two cross feeders 400, the feed inlets of the two cross feeders 400 are fixedly connected to the bottom discharge outlets of the two coal hoppers 202 respectively, and each of the two cross feeders 400 is provided with two discharge outlets at the bottom, which can control the feeding of high-quality coal to the two coal mills 500 respectively.
[0029] Five coal mills 500, the feed inlets of the five coal mills 500 are respectively fixedly connected to one discharge port of three coal feeders 300 and two cross coal feeders 400. In addition, the other discharge port of the two cross coal feeders 400 is also fixedly connected to the feed inlet of the coal mill 500 located below the inferior raw coal bunker 100, so that two of the coal mills 500 can accept both inferior coal and high-quality coal;
[0030] The control system 600 is connected to the unit's DCS system for remote control. The control system 600 includes a control cabinet 601, in which a PLC controller 602 is installed. The PLC controller 602 is connected to a DPU. The three coal feeders 300 and the two cross coal feeders 400 are all controlled by the PLC controller 602. During operation, the PLC controller 602 receives fuel quantity commands, load commands, main parameters, fuel calorific value, etc. from the DPU, and allocates fuel quantity to each coal feeder 300 and cross coal feeder 400 according to the fuel quantity and fuel calorific value requirements.
[0031] Specifically, pneumatic gates are installed on the inferior raw coal bunker 100, the main body of the coal bunker 201, and the coal distribution hopper 202 to control the release of inferior and high-quality coal.
[0032] Specifically, the inferior raw coal bunker 100, the main body of the bunker 201, and the coal distribution hopper 202 are all in the shape of a shrimp curve. The shrimp curve is a new type of curve with optimized linearity, and its cross-sectional shrinkage rate changes as a tortuous line with a downward trend.
[0033] Specifically, control valves are installed at the discharge ports of both the coal feeder 300 and the cross coal feeder 400. The control valves are connected to the control system 600, and the control system 600 controls the opening and closing of the control valves.
[0034] Specifically, the DPU is used to receive fuel quantity commands, load commands, as well as main parameters, fuel calorific value, coal feeder operating status, etc.
[0035] Specifically, the PLC controller 602 is used to allocate the fuel quantity and speed of each coal feeder 300 and cross coal feeder 400 according to the fuel quantity and calorific value requirements.
[0036] In summary, during operation, the coal blending ratio is automatically adjusted according to load commands. During low-load periods, two coal mills 500 burn low-calorific-value coal, while the other three coal mills 500 burn high-calorific-value coal. This is achieved by controlling the pneumatic gates on the coal bunker body 201, two coal distribution hoppers 202, and a pair of low-quality raw coal hoppers 100 via the PLC controller 606. The coal bunker body 201 and the two coal distribution hoppers 202 then feed high-quality coal (high-calorific-value coal) to three of the coal mills 500 via a coal feeder 300 and two cross-feeders 400, respectively, while the pair of low-quality raw coal hoppers 100 feed high-quality coal (high-calorific-value coal) to the other three mills 500. The raw coal bunker 100 supplies low-quality coal (low calorific value coal) to two other coal mills 500 via two other coal feeders 300. The fuel quantity and speed allocated to each coal feeder 300 and the cross feeder 400 are controlled by a PLC controller 602. The PLC controller 602 automatically determines the fuel quantity and speed based on the fuel quantity and calorific value. During high-load periods, a compartmentalized conveying method is adopted, supplying high-calorific-value coal from the intermediate bunker to the two adjacent coal mills 500. This allows all five coal mills 500 to burn high-calorific-value coal at any time, controlled by the PLC. The controller 606 controls the opening of the pneumatic gates on the main coal bunker 201 and the two coal distribution hoppers 202. The main coal bunker 201 feeds high-calorific-value coal to one of the coal mills 500 through a coal feeder 300, and feeds high-calorific-value coal to the other four coal mills 500 through four discharge ports on two cross coal feeders 400. During intermediate load periods, specifically during operation, the PLC controller 606 controls the opening of the pneumatic gates on the main coal bunker 201, the two coal distribution hoppers 202, and a pair of low-quality raw coal hoppers 100. The main coal bunker 201 feeds high-calorific-value coal to one of the coal mills 500 through a coal feeder 300, and feeds high-calorific-value coal to the other four coal mills 500 through four discharge ports on two cross coal feeders 400. One coal feeder 300 feeds high-calorific-value coal to one of the coal mills 500, and through the four discharge ports on two cross coal feeders 400, feeds high-calorific-value coal to four other coal mills 500. A pair of low-quality raw coal bunkers 100 feed low-calorific-value coal to two of the coal mills 500 through the other two coal feeders 300. This allows the two coal mills 500 on the left and right to blend low-calorific-value coal and high-calorific-value coal in any proportion, thereby controlling the burner temperature, avoiding coking, and ensuring environmental protection standards. The overall operation is simple and can achieve flexible real-time allocation between different types of coal.
[0037] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A coal-fired intelligent precision blending control device, characterized in that, include: A pair of inferior coal storage bins (100), the pair of inferior coal storage bins (100) being used to store inferior coal; A high-quality raw coal silo (200) is used to store high-quality coal. The high-quality raw coal silo (200) includes a coal silo body (201) and two coal distribution hoppers (202) are symmetrically added to the coal silo body (201). Three coal feeders (300) have their feed inlets fixedly connected to the bottom discharge outlet of the main coal bunker (201) and the bottom discharge outlet of a pair of inferior raw coal bunkers (100), respectively. Two cross feeders (400) are provided, with their feed inlets fixedly connected to the bottom discharge outlets of two coal hoppers (202) respectively. Each of the two cross feeders (400) has two discharge outlets at its bottom. Five coal mills (500), the feed inlets of the five coal mills (500) are fixedly connected to one discharge port of three coal feeders (300) and two cross coal feeders (400), and the other discharge port of the two cross coal feeders (400) is also fixedly connected to the feed inlet of the coal mill (500) located below the inferior raw coal bunker (100); A control system (600) includes a control cabinet (601), a PLC controller (602) is installed in the control cabinet (601), and a DPU is connected to the PLC controller (602).
2. The intelligent precise blending control device for coal-fired boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inferior raw coal bunker (100), the main body of the coal bunker (201), and the coal distribution hopper (202) are all equipped with pneumatic sliding door panels.
3. The intelligent precise blending control device for coal-fired boilers of claim 1, wherein: The inferior raw coal bunker (100), the main body of the bunker (201), and the coal distribution hopper (202) are all in the shape of a shrimp curve.
4. The intelligent precise blending control device for coal-fired boilers of claim 1, wherein: Control valves are installed at the discharge ports of both the coal feeder (300) and the cross coal feeder (400).
5. The intelligent precise blending control device for coal-fired boilers of claim 1, wherein: The DPU is used to receive fuel quantity commands, load commands, and main parameters, fuel calorific value.
6. The intelligent precise blending control device for coal-fired boilers of claim 1, wherein: The PLC controller (602) is used to allocate the fuel quantity and speed of each coal feeder (300) and cross coal feeder (400) according to the fuel quantity and calorific value requirements.