Mounting device of microphone for monitoring insulator contamination of overhead line system

Abstract

The utility model provides a microphone installation device for monitoring contamination of an overhead line system insulator, and relates to the technical field of railway overhead line systems. In the prior art, a microphone is inconvenient to mount and poor in stability, and the device solves the problems through the structural design of a shoulder frame, a mounting pipe, a base and a fixed seat. The shoulder frame comprises two angle steels and a screw rod; the screw rod penetrates through the angle steels and is matched with a nut to be fixed on the upright post; the fixing base is provided with a clamping groove and a mounting groove, fixing blocks connected through springs are embedded in the grooves, and fixing grooves are formed in the two sides of the microphone. During installation, the microphone is inserted into the clamping groove, and the fixing block is automatically clamped into the fixing groove under the action of the spring; during disassembly, the pull rod is pulled to enable the fixing block to retract, and the microphone is taken out. The device is convenient to install, high in stability and high in adaptability, insulator discharge is effectively monitored, and safe operation of a railway power supply system is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of overhead contact line technology, specifically relating to an installation device for a microphone used to monitor the contamination of overhead contact line insulators. Background Technology

[0002] The overhead contact line is a crucial component of railway electrification systems, providing power to electric locomotives via friction current extraction. Insulators in the contact line serve a dual purpose: mechanical support and electrical insulation. Their performance directly impacts the safety and reliability of the railway power supply system. However, insulators are typically installed in open-air environments, exposed to complex and variable atmospheric conditions for extended periods. This makes them susceptible to corrosion from industrial pollutants, dust, salt spray, and other particles, leading to the formation of a contamination layer on their surface. During rain or snowfall, this contamination layer becomes wetted, and under the influence of a strong electric field, it can trigger surface discharge, resulting in insulator flashover. Flashover accidents not only damage insulators but can also cause widespread power outages, severely impacting normal railway operations and posing a serious threat to railway transport safety.

[0003] Currently, railway management departments primarily prevent insulator flashover accidents through regular cleaning and manual inspection. Specifically, this involves annually investigating all pollution sources within 2 kilometers of the railway line, using methods such as the Equivalent Salt Density Method (ESDD) to estimate the pollution level of insulators in electrified sections, and determining the cleaning cycle based on the pollution level. While this method has some scientific merit and operability, it has significant shortcomings. First, it cannot monitor the pollution status of insulators in real time, potentially posing significant safety hazards during the inspection period. Second, manual inspection is inefficient, consuming substantial manpower and resources, and cannot meet the large-scale, high-frequency inspection needs of the railway system. Electrical parameter monitoring methods assess pollution status by measuring parameters such as leakage current, flashover voltage gradient, and ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves. This method can reflect changes in the electrical performance of insulators in real time, offering certain advantages. However, electrical parameters are susceptible to interference from the complex surrounding electromagnetic environment, leading to significant measurement errors and affecting the accuracy and reliability of monitoring. Furthermore, electrical parameter monitoring equipment is typically complex and costly, hindering large-scale application. Non-electrical parameter monitoring methods mainly include infrared thermography and acoustic monitoring. Infrared thermography determines the pollution status of insulators by detecting temperature changes during discharge, but its monitoring results are easily affected by factors such as ambient temperature and humidity, and its sensitivity to early, weak discharges is low. Acoustic monitoring uses ultrasonic sensors to capture the sound signals generated by discharge, and is suitable for enclosed and opaque power equipment. However, for contact network insulators exposed in the field, sensor installation and signal transmission are quite difficult, and the sound signal is easily interfered with by external noise, affecting the monitoring effect.

[0004] In summary, existing contact wire insulator pollution monitoring technologies have many shortcomings in terms of real-time performance, accuracy, adaptability, and efficiency, making it difficult to meet the railway system's needs for real-time monitoring and rapid response to insulator pollution conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new technology capable of rapidly, accurately, and in real-time monitoring of insulator pollution conditions.

[0005] Based on the principle of ultrasonic monitoring, capturing and analyzing ultrasonic signals generated by surface discharge of insulators using a microphone array is a feasible solution. However, existing technologies lack a device for quickly mounting microphones on contact wire posts, which limits the application of ultrasonic monitoring technology in the field of contact wire insulator pollution monitoring. Therefore, designing a device specifically for the rapid installation of microphones, enabling them to be firmly fixed to contact wire posts while possessing characteristics such as convenient installation, strong adaptability, and high stability, is of great significance for realizing the application of ultrasonic monitoring technology in contact wire insulator pollution monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an installation device for a microphone used to monitor pollution of contact wire insulators, in order to solve the problem that the prior art lacks a device that can quickly install a microphone on the contact wire post, which limits the application of ultrasonic monitoring technology in the field of contact wire insulator pollution monitoring.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0008] An installation device for a microphone used to monitor contamination of overhead contact line insulators includes a shoulder frame mounted on a column of the overhead contact line. One end of the shoulder frame has an installation tube perpendicular to the column. One end of the installation tube is fixedly connected to a base. The top of the base has a fixing seat. The fixing seat has a slot adapted to the shape of the microphone. Both ends of the slot have installation grooves. A fixing block is slidably embedded in the installation groove. One end of the fixing block extends outside the installation groove, and the other end of the fixing block is connected to the installation groove via a spring. Both sides of the microphone have fixing grooves that engage with the fixing blocks.

[0009] In this technical solution, it should be noted that, in practical applications, a specialized installation device was designed to ensure the microphone can be stably installed on the contact wire post and effectively monitor the discharge status of the insulators. Microphones for monitoring discharges are existing technology and are used in multiple fields. For example, the FLIR Si124 acoustic imager uses a microphone array to detect the acoustic signals generated during partial discharge in power equipment, thus locating the source of the partial discharge sound. Furthermore, there are methods and systems for detecting discharges in electrical installations, where the first sensing device can include a microphone sensitive to acoustic energy. These technologies demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of microphones in monitoring discharges. Since the microphone is installed outdoors, rain protection is an important consideration. Rainwater may penetrate the microphone and affect its normal operation. To prevent this, various rainproof measures can be adopted. For example, outdoor microphones are usually equipped with waterproof membranes, windproof bulbs, and other protective devices to provide excellent rainproof, windproof, dustproof, and birdproof performance. In addition, a protective cover can be added to the outside of the microphone to further prevent rainwater intrusion. The installation process is as follows: Workers first fix the shoulder frame to the post, ensuring it is secure and reliable. Next, the mounting tube is bolted to the shoulder frame. This detachable connection method not only facilitates the production and transportation of various components but also makes on-site installation more flexible and convenient. Next, the two fixing blocks are pressed into the mounting slots. At this time, the fixing blocks will partially protrude from the mounting slots under the action of springs, preparing for subsequent microphone installation. Then, the microphone is inserted into the slot from top to bottom. When the fixing slot on the microphone aligns with the fixing block in the mounting slot, the fixing block in the mounting slot will automatically pop out under the spring force and accurately snap into the fixing slots on both sides of the microphone. In this way, the microphone is firmly fixed to the mounting base, completing the entire installation process. The entire installation process is simple and quick, requiring no complicated tools or equipment, greatly improving work efficiency. This device is not only easy to install but also ensures that the microphone works stably in the complex railway environment, effectively monitoring the discharge of insulators and providing reliable protection for the safe operation of the railway power supply system.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the fixing block is provided with a guide surface, which is inclined from top to bottom away from the mounting groove, and the guide surface is located outside the mounting groove. In this technical solution, it should be noted that the guide surface is designed so that when the microphone is inserted into the slot from top to bottom, when the microphone first contacts the guide surface, the guide surface decomposes the vertical downward pressure of the microphone into a horizontal force, causing the fixing block to be pressed into the mounting groove. Once the fixing groove on the microphone aligns with the fixing block, the fixing block automatically inserts into the fixing groove due to the spring force, thus installing the microphone. Specifically, when installing the microphone, the operator holds the microphone, aligns it with the slot on the fixing base, and then slowly inserts it from top to bottom. When the bottom of the microphone contacts the guide surface of the fixing block, due to the inclined design of the guide surface, the vertical downward pressure of the microphone is decomposed into a horizontal force. This horizontal force acts on the fixing block, overcoming the spring force, and pressing the fixing block inward into the mounting groove. The microphone continues to be pressed down until the fixing groove on the microphone aligns with the fixing block in the mounting groove. At this point, the retaining block automatically pops out under the spring force and accurately locks into the retaining slots on both sides of the microphone. In this way, the microphone is firmly fixed to the mounting base, completing the entire installation process. This design not only cleverly utilizes the mechanical principles of the guide surface, making microphone installation more convenient, but also ensures the stability of the microphone after installation by automatically locking the retaining block through the spring force. The entire installation process is simple and quick, requiring no complicated tools or equipment, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the fixing block away from the slot is provided with a pull rod, and the end of the pull rod away from the fixing block slides out of the mounting slot.

[0012] In this technical solution, it's important to note that when the microphone needs to be removed, the operator pulls the lever away from the microphone. The lever moves the fixing block into the mounting slot, dislocating it from the slot, allowing the operator to remove the microphone. Specifically, when maintenance, replacement, or adjustment of the microphone is required, the operator first locates the lever. One end of the lever is fixed to the fixing block, while the other end slides out of the mounting slot for easy operation. When the lever is pulled, the fixing block, connected to the lever, is pulled into the mounting slot, overcoming the spring force and sliding inward. Once the fixing block is fully inside the mounting slot, the microphone mounting slot, previously engaged with the fixing block, is dislocated, releasing the connection between the microphone and the mounting base. The operator can then easily remove the microphone from the slot, completing the disassembly. This design not only makes microphone installation and disassembly more convenient but also allows for rapid control of the fixing block through the lever, improving work efficiency. Furthermore, the sliding extension of the lever facilitates operation from different angles and positions, enhancing the device's practicality and flexibility.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the pull rod away from the fixed block is provided with a handle.

[0014] In this technical solution, it should be noted that the staff pulls the lever by pulling the handle.

[0015] Preferably, the fixing seat is further provided with sliding grooves that communicate with the two mounting slots. The sliding grooves are located above the mounting slots. A baffle is slidably connected in the sliding groove. The top of the baffle extends to the outside of the sliding groove and connects to a limiting plate. The width of the limiting plate is greater than the width of the sliding groove.

[0016] In this technical solution, it's important to note that when workers need to remove the microphone, they find that due to the two fixing blocks, both levers must be pulled simultaneously to fully retract the blocks into the mounting slot, allowing for microphone removal. However, workers only have two hands. During operation, if one lever is pulled first, allowing one fixing block to enter the mounting slot, the other fixing block remains stuck. If the worker releases one hand to retrieve the microphone, the already retracted fixing block may spring back out due to spring force, becoming stuck again and preventing successful microphone removal. To address this issue, this solution incorporates a sliding groove on the mounting base, with a baffle slidably connected within the groove. The top of the baffle extends beyond the groove and connects to a limiting plate, the width of which is greater than the width of the groove to prevent it from sliding out. When a worker pulls one fixing block into the mounting slot, the baffle is offset from that block and slides downwards under gravity or external force, eventually locking into the opening of the mounting slot. In this way, even if the worker releases one hand, the baffle will still prevent the fixing block from popping out automatically. The worker can then use their free hand to pull the other lever, retracting the other fixing block into the mounting slot, and then easily remove the microphone. When reinstalling the microphone, the worker simply pulls the limiting plate upwards, allowing it to enter the sliding groove. The baffle then rises, no longer obstructing the fixing block. The fixing block automatically resets under the spring's force, re-locking into the microphone's mounting slot, completing the installation. This design not only improves operational convenience but also significantly increases work efficiency, making microphone installation and removal smoother without the need for complex tools and equipment, thus meeting the actual needs of railway site maintenance.

[0017] Preferably, the shoulder frame includes two angle steels and a screw rod, the screw rod slidingly passing through the two angle steels respectively, and two nuts screwed onto the screw rod respectively, the two nuts being located on both sides of the two angle steels respectively.

[0018] In this technical solution, specifically, when workers need to fix two angle steels to the column, they first place the two angle steels on both sides of the column, ensuring that the mounting holes of the angle steels are aligned with the preset positions on the column. Then, the workers pick up a threaded rod and thread it through the angle steels one by one. Sufficient length is left at both ends of the threaded rod for subsequent installation of nuts. Next, the nuts are screwed onto both ends of the threaded rod. By rotating the nuts clockwise, they are moved gradually along the threads of the threaded rod towards the angle steel. When the nut contacts the angle steel, torque is continued until the angle steel is tightly fitted against the column surface and the nut can no longer be tightened. To ensure the installation is secure, workers usually use tools such as wrenches to perform a final tightening operation on the nuts. During the tightening process, it is important to ensure that the applied torque is even to avoid uneven force on the angle steel, which could cause deformation or loosening. At the same time, the fit between the angle steel and the column is checked to ensure there are no gaps or looseness between them. When the angle steel needs to be disassembled, workers simply need to turn the nut counterclockwise to remove it from the screw, making the angle steel easy to remove. This design is not only convenient for installation and disassembly, but also adaptable to columns of different diameters through nut adjustment, offering excellent versatility and flexibility. Furthermore, the simple and reliable connection between the screw and nut eliminates the need for additional complex mechanical structures or special tools, reducing installation and maintenance costs and improving work efficiency.

[0019] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0020] 1. In this utility model, through the unique design of the slot and fixing block, combined with the elastic force of the spring, the microphone can be quickly and stably installed on the fixing base without complicated tools and equipment, which greatly improves the installation efficiency.

[0021] 2. In this utility model, the guide surface design of the fixing block ingeniously decomposes the vertical pressure when the microphone is inserted into a horizontal force, ensuring that the fixing block can be smoothly pressed into and locked in the mounting groove during the installation process, providing a stable connection and ensuring the stability of the microphone during the monitoring process.

[0022] 3. In this utility model, the design of the pull rod and handle makes the microphone easy and quick to disassemble. Workers only need to pull the handle to move the fixing block into the mounting slot, disconnecting it from the microphone, facilitating maintenance, replacement, or debugging.

[0023] 4. In this utility model, the adjustable design of the shoulder frame (via screws and nuts) can adapt to columns of different diameters, ensuring installation flexibility and versatility, and meeting the diverse equipment installation needs of the railway system. Attached Figure Description

[0024] This utility model will be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting tube and shoulder frame of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mounting base and microphone of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the disassembled mounting base and microphone of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the fixing base of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the right-side fixing block after it enters the mounting slot;

[0031] The components are: 1-post, 2-insulator, 3-shoulder frame, 4-mounting tube, 5-microphone, 6-angle steel, 7-screw, 8-nut, 9-base, 10-fixed seat, 11-fixing groove, 12-slot, 13-mounting groove, 14-fixing block, 15-guide surface, 16-pull rod, 17-handle, 18-spring, 19-baffle, 20-limiting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0035] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other.

[0038] Example

[0039] like Figures 1-6As shown in the figure, this utility model discloses an installation device for a microphone 5 used to monitor contamination of a contact wire insulator 2. It includes a shoulder bracket 3 mounted on a contact wire post 1. One end of the shoulder bracket 3 has an installation tube 4, which is perpendicular to the post 1. One end of the installation tube 4 is fixedly connected to a base 9. The top of the base 9 has a fixing seat 10. The fixing seat 10 has a slot 12 adapted to the shape of the microphone 5. Both ends of the slot 12 have installation grooves 13. A fixing block 14 is slidably embedded in the installation groove 13. One end of the fixing block 14 extends outside the installation groove 13, and the other end of the fixing block 14 is connected to the installation groove 13 via a spring 18. The microphone 5 has fixing grooves 11 on both sides that engage with the fixing block 14. It should be noted that in practical applications, to ensure that the microphone 5 can be stably installed on the contact wire post 1 and can effectively monitor the discharge status of the insulator 2, a specialized installation device has been designed. The use of the microphone 5 for monitoring discharge is existing technology and has been applied in multiple fields. For example, the FLIR Si124 acoustic imager uses a microphone array 5 to detect the acoustic signals generated during partial discharge in electrical equipment, thus locating the source of the partial discharge. Furthermore, there are methods and systems for detecting discharges in electrical installations, where the first sensing device may include a microphone 5 sensitive to acoustic energy. These technologies demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the microphone 5 in monitoring discharges. Since the microphone 5 is installed outdoors, rain protection is an important consideration. Rainwater may penetrate the microphone 5, affecting its normal operation. To prevent this, various rainproof measures can be adopted. For example, outdoor microphones 5 are typically equipped with waterproof membranes, windproof bulbs, and other protective devices to provide excellent rainproof, windproof, dustproof, and birdproof performance. In addition, a protective cover can be added to the outside of the microphone 5 to further prevent rainwater intrusion. The installation process is as follows: First, the worker fixes the shoulder frame 3 to the column 1, ensuring its sturdiness and reliability. Then, the mounting tube 4 is fixed to the shoulder frame 3 with bolts. This detachable connection method not only facilitates the production and transportation of various components but also makes on-site installation more flexible and convenient. Next, press the two fixing blocks 14 into the mounting slots 13. At this time, the fixing blocks 14 will partially protrude from the mounting slots 13 under the action of the spring 18, preparing for the subsequent installation of the microphone 5. Then, insert the microphone 5 into the slot 12 from top to bottom. When the fixing slot 11 on the microphone 5 is aligned with the fixing block 14 in the mounting slot 13, the fixing block 14 in the mounting slot 13 will automatically pop out under the elastic force of the spring 18 and accurately lock into the fixing slots 11 on both sides of the microphone 5. In this way, the microphone 5 is firmly fixed on the mounting base 10, completing the entire installation process. The entire installation process is simple and quick, requiring no complicated tools or equipment, greatly improving work efficiency.This device is not only easy to install, but also ensures that the microphone 5 works stably in complex railway environments, effectively monitors the discharge status of the insulator 2, and provides a reliable guarantee for the safe operation of the railway power supply system.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the top of the fixing block 14 is provided with a guide surface 15. The guide surface 15 is inclined from top to bottom along the direction away from the mounting groove 13, and the guide surface 15 is located outside the mounting groove 13. It should be noted that the guide surface 15 is provided so that when the microphone 5 is inserted into the slot 12 from top to bottom, when the microphone 5 just comes into contact with the guide surface 15, the guide surface 15 decomposes the vertical downward pressure of the microphone 5 into a horizontal direction, so that the fixing block 14 is pressed into the mounting groove 13. When the fixing groove 11 on the microphone 5 is aligned with the fixing block 14, the fixing block 14 is automatically inserted into the fixing groove 11 by the elastic force of the spring 18, thus realizing the installation of the microphone 5. Specifically, when installing the microphone 5, the operator holds the microphone 5, aligns it with the slot 12 on the fixing base 10, and then slowly inserts it from top to bottom. When the bottom of the microphone 5 contacts the guide surface 15 of the fixing block 14, due to the inclined design of the guide surface 15, the vertical downward pressure of the microphone 5 is decomposed into a horizontal force. The horizontal force acts on the fixing block 14, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 18, and presses the fixing block 14 inward into the mounting groove 13. The microphone 5 continues to be pressed down until the fixing groove 11 on the microphone 5 aligns with the fixing block 14 in the mounting groove 13. At this point, the fixing block 14 automatically pops out under the elastic force of the spring 18 and accurately locks into the fixing grooves 11 on both sides of the microphone 5. In this way, the microphone 5 is firmly fixed to the mounting base 10, completing the entire installation process. This design not only cleverly utilizes the mechanical principle of the guide surface 15, making the installation of the microphone 5 more convenient, but also achieves automatic locking of the fixing block 14 through the elastic force of the spring 18, ensuring the stability of the microphone 5 after installation. The entire installation process is simple and quick, requiring no complicated tools or equipment, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0041] like Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the end of the fixing block 14 away from the slot 12 is provided with a pull rod 16, and the end of the pull rod 16 away from the fixing block 14 slides out of the mounting slot 13. It should be noted that when the microphone 5 needs to be removed, the operator pulls the pull rod 16 towards the side away from the microphone 5. The pull rod 16 drives the fixing block 14 into the mounting slot 13, causing the fixing block 14 to be misaligned from the fixing slot 11, at which point the operator can remove the microphone 5. Specifically, when the operator needs to maintain, replace, or adjust the microphone 5, they will first locate the pull rod 16. One end of these pull rods 16 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 14, and the other end slides out of the mounting slot 13 for easy operation. When the pull rod 16 is pulled, the fixing block 14, connected to the pull rod 16, is pulled into the mounting slot 13, overcoming the elastic force of the spring 18 and sliding inward. Once the fixing block 14 is fully inserted into the mounting slot 13, the microphone 5 mounting slot 11, which was originally engaged with the fixing block 14, will be disengaged, and the connection between the microphone 5 and the mounting base 10 will be released. At this point, the operator can easily remove the microphone 5 from the slot 12, completing the disassembly operation. This design not only makes the installation and disassembly of the microphone 5 more convenient, but also enables rapid control of the fixing block 14 through the pull rod 16, improving work efficiency. Simultaneously, the sliding through-type structure of the pull rod 16 facilitates operation from different angles and positions, enhancing the practicality and flexibility of the device.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the end of the pull rod 16 away from the fixing block 14 is provided with a handle 17. It should be noted that the operator pulls the pull rod 16 by pulling the handle 17.

[0043] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the fixing base 10 is also provided with sliding grooves communicating with two mounting slots 13. The sliding grooves are located above the mounting slots 13, and a baffle 19 is slidably connected inside the sliding groove. The top of the baffle 19 extends to the outside of the sliding groove and connects to a limiting plate 20. The width of the limiting plate 20 is greater than the width of the sliding groove. It should be noted that, specifically, when the operator needs to remove the microphone 5, they will find that because there are two fixing blocks 14, they need to pull both levers 16 simultaneously to fully retract the fixing blocks 14 into the mounting slots 13 in order to remove the microphone 5. However, the operator only has two hands. During the operation, if one lever 16 is pulled first to allow one fixing block 14 to enter the mounting slot 13, the other fixing block 14 is still stuck in the fixing slot 11. If the operator releases one hand to remove the microphone 5, the fixing block 14 that has already been retracted into the mounting slot 13 may pop out again due to the elastic force of the spring 18 and get stuck in the fixing slot 11, making it impossible to remove the microphone 5 smoothly. To address this issue, a sliding groove is incorporated into the mounting base 10, with a baffle 19 slidably connected within it. The top of the baffle 19 extends beyond the groove and connects to a limiting plate 20, the width of which is greater than the width of the groove to prevent it from sliding out. When a worker pulls a fixing block 14 into the mounting slot 13, the baffle 19 is offset from the fixing block 14 and slides downwards under gravity or external force, eventually locking into the opening of the mounting slot 13. This ensures that even if the worker releases one hand, the baffle 19 can still block the fixing block 14, preventing it from popping out automatically. The worker can then use their free hand to pull another lever 16, retracting the other fixing block 14 into the mounting slot 13, and then easily remove the microphone 5. When reinstalling the microphone 5, the worker simply pulls the limiting plate 20 upwards, allowing it to enter the groove; the baffle 19 then rises and no longer blocks the fixing block 14. The fixing block 14 automatically resets under the elastic force of the spring 18 and snaps back into the fixing slot 11 of the microphone 5, completing the installation. This design not only improves the convenience of operation but also greatly improves work efficiency, making the installation and removal of the microphone 5 smoother without the need for complicated tools and equipment, thus meeting the actual needs of railway site maintenance.

[0044] like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the shoulder frame 3 includes two angle steels 6 and a screw rod 7. The screw rod 7 slides through the two angle steels 6 respectively, and two nuts 8 are screwed onto the screw rod 7, located on both sides of the two angle steels 6. Specifically, when workers need to fix the two angle steels 6 to the column 1, they first place the two angle steels 6 on both sides of the column 1, ensuring that the mounting holes of the angle steels 6 are aligned with the preset positions on the column 1. Then, the workers pick up the screw rod 7 and pass it through the angle steels 6 one by one. Sufficient length is reserved at both ends of the screw rod 7 for subsequent installation of the nuts 8. Next, the nuts 8 are screwed onto both ends of the screw rod 7. By rotating the nuts 8 clockwise, they move gradually along the threads of the screw rod 7 towards the angle steels 6. When the nuts 8 contact the angle steels 6, torque is continued until the angle steels 6 are tightly fitted against the surface of the column 1, and the nuts 8 can no longer be tightened. To ensure the stability of the installation, workers usually use tools such as wrenches to perform a final tightening operation on the nuts 8. During the tightening process, it is important to ensure that the applied torque is uniform to avoid uneven stress on the angle steel 6, which could lead to deformation or loosening. Simultaneously, the fit between the angle steel 6 and the column 1 should be checked to ensure there are no gaps or looseness. When it is necessary to disassemble the angle steel 6, the worker simply needs to rotate the nut 8 counterclockwise to remove it from the screw 7, making it easy to remove. This design not only facilitates installation and disassembly but also allows for adjustment of the nut 8 to accommodate columns 1 of different diameters, providing excellent versatility and flexibility. Furthermore, the simple and reliable connection between the screw 7 and the nut 8 eliminates the need for additional complex mechanical structures or special tools, reducing installation and maintenance costs and improving work efficiency.

[0045] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0046] Installation process:

[0047] Installation of shoulder frame 3: First, the workers fix shoulder frame 3 to the contact wire post 1. Shoulder frame 3 includes two angle steels 6 and screw rods 7, with the screw rods 7 sliding through the two angle steels 6 respectively. By adjusting the position of the angle steels 6 to fit the post 1, the nuts 8 are then tightened to firmly secure the angle steels 6 against the post 1.

[0048] Installation of mounting tube 4: Fix one end of mounting tube 4 to shoulder frame 3, keeping mounting tube 4 perpendicular to column 1. Fix the other end of mounting tube 4 to base 9.

[0049] Insertion of microphone 5: The operator holds microphone 5 and aligns it with the slot 12 on the mounting base 10, then slowly inserts it from top to bottom. When the bottom of microphone 5 contacts the guide surface 15 of the mounting block 14, due to the inclined design of the guide surface 15, the vertical downward pressure of microphone 5 is decomposed into a horizontal force. This horizontal force acts on the mounting block 14, overcoming the elastic force of spring 18, and pressing the mounting block 14 inward into the mounting groove 13.

[0050] Locking of fixing block 14: As the microphone 5 continues to be pressed down, fixing block 14 slides within the mounting groove 13 until the fixing groove 11 on the microphone 5 aligns with fixing block 14 within the mounting groove 13. At this point, fixing block 14 automatically pops out under the elastic force of spring 18 and accurately snaps into the fixing grooves 11 on both sides of the microphone 5, firmly fixing the microphone 5 to the mounting base 10, completing the installation.

[0051] Disassembly process:

[0052] Pulling lever 16: When it is necessary to remove microphone 5, the staff pulls lever 16 to the side away from microphone 5. Lever 16 drives fixing block 14 into mounting groove 13, so that fixing block 14 is misaligned with fixing groove 11.

[0053] Removing microphone 5: At this point, the staff can easily remove microphone 5 from slot 12 to complete the disassembly operation.

[0054] The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all existing technologies, which can be fully implemented by those skilled in the art, and need not be elaborated upon. The content protected by this utility model does not involve any improvement to the software and methods.

[0055] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0056] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A mounting device for a microphone for monitoring contamination of catenary insulators, characterized in that The utility model provides shoulder support (3) is installed on the column (1) of contact network, one end of shoulder support (3) is equipped with installation pipe (4), installation pipe (4) is perpendicular with column (1), one end of installation pipe (4) is fixedly connected with base (9), the top of base (9) is equipped with fixed seat (10), fixed seat (10) is equipped with the clamping groove (12) of being suitable for the shape of microphone (5), the both ends of clamping groove (12) are equipped with installation groove (13) respectively, fixed block (14) is slidably embedded in installation groove (13), one end of fixed block (14) extends to the outside of installation groove (13), the other end of fixed block (14) is connected with installation groove (13) through spring (18), the both sides of microphone (5) are equipped with fixed slot (11) respectively and are inserted with fixed block (14) cooperation.

2. A mounting device for a microphone for monitoring contamination of catenary insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that The top of fixed block (14) is equipped with guide surface (15), guide surface (15) is inclined from top to bottom along the direction away from installation groove (13), and the guide surface (15) is located on the outside of installation groove (13).

3. A mounting device for a microphone for monitoring contamination of catenary insulators according to claim 2, characterized in that One end of fixed block (14) away from clamping groove (12) is equipped with pull rod (16), one end of pull rod (16) away from fixed block (14) is slidably inserted into the outside of installation groove (13).

4. A mounting device for a microphone for monitoring contamination of catenary insulators according to claim 3, characterized in that One end of pull rod (16) away from fixed block (14) is equipped with handle (17).

5. A mounting device for a microphone for monitoring contamination of catenary insulators according to claim 3, characterized in that The fixed seat (10) is also provided with a sliding groove in communication with the two installation grooves (13), and the sliding groove is located above the installation grooves (13).

6. The mounting device for the microphone for monitoring the contamination of the catenary insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shoulder support (3) includes two angle steels (6) and a screw rod (7), the screw rod (7) is slidably inserted through the two angle steels (6), and two nuts (8) are respectively screwed on the screw rod (7).

7. The mounting device for the microphone for monitoring the contamination of the catenary insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation pipe (4) is detachably connected with the shoulder support (3) by bolts.

8. The mounting device for the microphone for monitoring the contamination of the catenary insulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (9) is detachably connected with the installation pipe (4).

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