Shell-and-tube evaporator
By using limiting components and sliding saddle structures in shell-and-tube evaporators, the expansion amount of the expansion joint is controlled, solving the problem of uneven deformation of the shell and achieving stable operation and cost reduction under high temperature difference conditions.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing shell-and-tube evaporators are prone to uneven deformation of the shell when the shell-side temperature difference is large, which affects structural stability and limits their application range.
A limiting component is used in conjunction with the expansion joint body. The expansion amount of the expansion joint is limited by a set width gap between the second end of the limiting component and the expansion joint body. Combined with the sliding saddle support structure, the expansion deformation of the shell is controlled within the allowable range.
It improves the structural stability of the shell under high temperature difference conditions, broadens the application range of the evaporator, reduces equipment size and cost, and ensures safe operation of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224018879U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to a shell and tube evaporator belongs to heat exchange pressure vessel technical field. BACKGROUND
[0002] Large low-temperature waste heat power generation evaporator adopts shell and tube heat exchanger, and the shell and tube heat exchanger is essentially an evaporator, and a tube bundle is arranged in the shell, and the material in the tube bundle is not directly communicated with the heat transfer medium in the shell, and hot water or steam is introduced into the tube bundle, and then the hot water or steam is discharged, and the heat transfer medium in the shell is heated by the tube bundle during the flow of the hot water or steam in the tube bundle, and the heat transfer medium is evaporated by heating and phase change, and subsequent engineering can use the high-temperature heat transfer medium for heating, work, power generation and other operations, and the heat transfer medium restored to liquid phase after use returns to the shell to enter the next heating cycle.
[0003] In order to reserve the gas phase space for the heat transfer medium, the tube bundle is unevenly arranged in some shell and tube evaporators, that is, the shell empty space without arranging the tube bundle is arranged for the gas phase heat transfer medium, but the shell and tube evaporator with unevenly arranged tube bundle can generally be used only for the working condition with the shell temperature difference of about 30 DEG C or less, and when the temperature difference is too large, the shell is deformed unevenly due to the large temperature difference, that is, the temperature of the liquid phase side where the tube bundle is arranged is low, and the deformation degree is low, and the temperature of the gas phase side where the tube bundle is not arranged is high, and the deformation degree is large, which affects the structural stability of the shell. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a shell and tube evaporator which improves the shell temperature difference adaptation range and improves the structural stability of the shell.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:
[0006] The present application provides a shell and tube evaporator, comprising,
[0007] The shell comprises a first sub-shell, a second sub-shell and an expansion joint body located between the first sub-shell and the second sub-shell;
[0008] The limiting piece is fixedly connected with the first sub-shell at the first end, and the second end of the limiting piece is located on the side of the expansion joint body close to the second sub-shell, and a deformation allowance gap with a set width is left between the second end and the expansion joint body.
[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the limiting piece is a C-shaped plate, and the limiting piece is buckled on the outer surface of the expansion joint body.
[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the second sub-shell is supported by a first sliding saddle.
[0011] In some embodiments of the present application, the first sliding saddle is supported by a support structure, the first sliding saddle comprises a saddle bottom plate, a sliding plate connected with the saddle bottom plate, and a second sub-plate for pre-embedding in the support structure, when the expansion joint body expands, the sliding plate slides relative to the second sub-plate.
[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the sliding plate is a polytetrafluoroethylene sliding plate.
[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the second sub-plate is a carbon steel sub-plate.
[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, a first sub-plate is further included between the saddle bottom plate and the sliding plate, and the first sub-plate is a corrosion-resistant stainless steel sub-plate.
[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the first split housing is supported by a fixed saddle and a second sliding saddle closer to the expansion joint assembly than the fixed saddle.
[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the second end and the expansion joint body have a gap of a set width.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] The shell-and-tube evaporator provided by the present application can promote the uniform expansion and deformation of the shell within a specified range and improve the structural stability when the temperature difference of the shell is large or the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium is small and the gasification amount of the heat transfer medium is large, and the expansion and elongation of the expansion joint body is more significant. After the expansion joint body expands and elongates to abut against the second end of the limiting piece, the expansion joint body takes the first end as a force support point, and the further expansion of the expansion joint body is constrained at the second end, thereby limiting the expansion and elongation of the expansion joint body to the set width. The shell is uniformly expanded and deformed within a specified range, and the structural stability is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.
[0020] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the shell-and-tube evaporator provided by the present embodiment;
[0021] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the middle shell;
[0022] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a structural schematic view at the expansion joint assembly;
[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a structural schematic view at the first sliding saddle;
[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional structural schematic view at the expansion joint assembly;
[0025] In the figure: 1, shell; 2, tube bundle; 3, shell side inlet; 4, shell side outlet; 5, tube side inlet; 6, tube side outlet; 7, first sliding saddle; 8, second sliding saddle; 9, expansion joint assembly; 10, tube sheet; 11, fixed saddle; 12, tube box; 13, floating head;
[0026] 91, expansion joint body; 92, limiting piece; 93, first sub-shell; 94, second sub-shell;
[0027] 71, first sub-plate; 72, sliding plate; 73, second sub-plate; 74, saddle bottom plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] The technical solutions in the application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments. The description of the at least one example embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the application and its application or use. Embodiment one
[0029] The embodiment provides a shell-and-tube evaporator to solve the problem of uneven deformation of the shell and the influence on the stability of the shell structure when the shell side temperature difference is large in the prior art.
[0030] With reference to Figures 1 to 5 The shell-and-tube evaporator provided by the embodiment comprises,
[0031] The shell 1 comprises a first sub-shell 93, a second sub-shell 94 and an expansion joint assembly 9 located between the first sub-shell 93 and the second sub-shell 94, and the expansion joint assembly 9 comprises an expansion joint body 91; when the heat transfer medium in the shell 1 is heated, the heat transfer medium expands due to phase change, and the expansion joint body 91 is used for adapting to the expansion by stretching and contracting, and the stretching and contracting of the expansion joint body drives the first sub-shell 93 and the second sub-shell 94 to move away from or close to each other.
[0032] The expansion joint assembly 9 further comprises a limiting member 92 for preventing the expansion of the expansion joint body 91 beyond a limit, the limiting member 92 being fixedly supported at one end and limiting the displacement of the expansion joint body 91 at the other end, the first end of the limiting member 92 being fixedly connected to the first split shell 93, and the second end of the limiting member 92 being located at the side of the expansion joint body 91 close to the second split shell 94, and a gap of a set width being left between the second end and the expansion joint body 91 to avoid exceeding the deformation limit of the expansion joint body 91.
[0033] Referring to Figure 1 With Figure 3 the arrow shown, when the temperature difference in the shell 1 is small or the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium is large, the amount of gasification of the heat transfer medium is also small, and the expansion amount of the expansion joint body 91 is small, and a gap is left between the expansion joint body 91 and the second end of the limiting member 92 after the expansion and elongation; when the temperature difference in the shell 1 is large or the specific heat capacity of the heat transfer medium is small, the amount of gasification of the heat transfer medium is also large, and the expansion and elongation of the expansion joint body 91 is more significant, and after the expansion and elongation of the expansion joint body 91 to abut against the second end of the limiting member 92, the expansion joint body 91 is supported at the first end, and the further expansion of the expansion joint body 91 is constrained at the second end, thereby limiting the expansion and elongation of the expansion joint body 91 within the set width.
[0034] Referring to Figure 2 Due to the uneven arrangement of multiple tube bundles 2 in the shell 1 or other reasons, the expansion joint bodies 91 at different positions expand and elongate unevenly, and the limiting member 92 limits the expansion of the part of the expansion joint body 91 with a larger expansion amount, and Figure 5 thereby limits the expansion amount of different parts of the expansion joint body 91 at different temperatures within the set width, so that the shell 1 uniformly expands under heat, and the stability of the structure is protected. Example Two
[0035] The present embodiment provides a shell-and-tube evaporator, which is optimized on the basis of the first embodiment to improve the technical effect and refine the technical solution. The contents not described in detail in the present embodiment are described in detail in the first embodiment.
[0036] As one of the embodiments, referring to Figure 3 the limiting member 92 is a C-shaped plate, the limiting member 92 is buckled on the outer surface of the expansion joint body 91, the first end of the C-shaped plate is welded to the first split shell 93, and a gap is left between the second end and the second split shell 94 to allow the second split shell 94 to displace when the expansion joint body 91 expands and elongates within the set width. The distance between the second end of the C-shaped plate and the expansion joint body 91 is the set width, which is preferably 14 mm. At the same time, the second end of the C-shaped plate and the second split shell 94 are not welded, and a gap of 5 mm is maintained.
[0037] Referring toFigure 2 and the red arrows in Figure 1 , the shell 1 has a tube side 12 and a floating head 13 on both sides, the inlet and outlet of the tube bundle 2 are located in the tube side 12, the tube bundle 2 is supported by the tube sheet 10, and the tube bundle 2 is bent at the floating head 13 to change the direction. The tube side 12 is provided with a tube side inlet 5 and a tube side outlet 6 below the tube side inlet 5, and a heat source such as high-temperature steam or hot water enters the tube side 12 from the tube side inlet 5, then enters the tube bundle 2 from the tube side 12, flows from the tube side 12 to the floating head 13, and heats the heat transfer medium in the shell 1 along the way. The tube bundle 2 penetrates into the floating head 13 from the shell 1 and is bent, so that the heat source flows from the floating head 13 to the tube side 12, and heats the heat transfer medium in the shell 1 along the way; finally, the cooled heat source returns to the tube side 12 and is discharged from the tube side outlet 6. Referring to Figure 2 and the red arrows in Figure 1 , for the shell 1, referring to Figure 2 , the tube bundle 2 is mainly in the lower half of the shell 1, the shell 1 is provided with a shell side inlet 3 and a shell side outlet 4 above the shell side inlet 3, and a liquid-phase heat transfer medium enters the shell 1 from the shell side outlet 4, is preheated by the heat source returning in the tube bundle 2, is further heated by the heat source in the tube bundle 2 to a higher temperature, and is in a gas phase. Referring to Figure 2 , the gas-phase heat transfer medium is mainly distributed in the un-tubed area, is discharged from the shell side outlet 4, is used for heat utilization, power generation, etc., and the heat transfer medium restored to a liquid phase re-enters the shell 1 from the shell side inlet 3.
[0038] In this embodiment, the expansion joint assembly 9 is close to the floating head 13, the second sub-shell 94 is also close to the floating head 13, and the first sub-shell 93 is close to the tube side 12, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the first sub-shell 93 is supported by the fixed saddle 11 and the second sliding saddle 8 closer to the expansion joint assembly 9 than the fixed saddle 11. In the process of expansion of the expansion joint body 91, the second sub-shell 94 close to the tube side 12 side is more likely to displace, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the second sub-shell 94 is supported by the first sliding saddle 7.
[0039] The above saddles are generally supported on the ground.
[0040] Referring to Figure 4 , the first sliding saddle 7 includes a saddle bottom plate 74, a sliding plate 72 connected with the saddle bottom plate 74, and a second sub-plate 73 for pre-buried in the support structure, and when the expansion joint body 91 expands, the sliding plate 72 slides relative to the second sub-plate 73.
[0041] As one of the embodiments, the material of the sliding plate 72 includes polytetrafluoroethylene, and the sliding property is good.
[0042] As one of the embodiments, the material of the second sub-plate 73 includes carbon steel, and the pre-embedded welding is facilitated.
[0043] As one of the embodiments, the reference Figure 4 The first sub-plate 71 is further arranged between the saddle bottom plate 74 and the sliding plate 72, the material of the first sub-plate 71 includes corrosion-resistant stainless steel, and the thermal expansion of the expansion joint body 91 after being heated is effectively compensated, and the temperature difference stress is reduced.
[0044] As one of the embodiments, the heat transfer medium is R245fa or R1233zd (e).
[0045] Through the finite element static stress analysis, the shell-and-tube evaporator provided by the embodiment can meet the extreme use condition of the shell temperature difference of about 90 DEG C, greatly broadens the use range of the evaporator, can meet the application of more scenes and conditions, the limiting piece 92 controls the deformation amount of the upper half of the expansion joint body 91 within the allowable range, the first sliding saddle 7 and the second sliding saddle 8 relieve the contraction amount of the lower half of the expansion joint body 91, and guide the expansion joint body 91 to stretch and contract along the axial direction, effectively reduce the problems of excessive axial stress and excessive deformation of the shell 1 caused by the temperature difference, make the expansion joint body 91 play the role of expansion and elongation when working, and well control the size of the expansion joint displacement, and ensure the safe operation of the equipment. Compared with the kettle structure, the size of the equipment is greatly reduced, the evaporation space of the cylinder is fully utilized, the raw material cost and the working medium cost are reduced, and the equipment installation and operation cost is also reduced to a certain extent due to the reduction of the equipment.
[0046] In the description of the utility model, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular orientation, a particular orientation and operation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" and the like can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more features. In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.
[0047] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to explain, unless there is definite provision and limitation, the term "installation", "connection", "connection", "set in", "have", "locate", "installation", "arrangement" and the like should be broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or integrally connected, can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection, can be direct connection, also can indirectly connect through intermediate medium, can be two elements inside communication. For ordinary skilled person in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the utility model can be understood through specific circumstances. "Hinge" includes "rotary connection".
[0048] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, it should be pointed out, for ordinary skilled person in the technical field, on the premise of not departing from the technical principle of the utility model, can also make a number of improvements and deformation, these improvements and deformation also should be considered as the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A shell-and-tube evaporator, characterized in that, include, The housing (1) includes a first sub-housing (93), a second sub-housing (94), and an expansion joint body (91) located between the first sub-housing (93) and the second sub-housing (94). The limiting member (92) has a first end fixedly connected to the first sub-shell (93), and the second end of the limiting member (92) is located on the side of the expansion joint body (91) near the second sub-shell (94). A deformation margin gap of a set width is left between the second end and the expansion joint body (91).
2. The shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting member (92) is a C-shaped plate, and the limiting member (92) is fastened to the outer surface of the expansion joint body (91).
3. The shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second sub-shell (94) is supported by the first sliding saddle (7).
4. The shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first sliding saddle (7) is supported by a support structure. The first sliding saddle (7) includes a saddle base plate (74), a sliding plate (72) connected to the saddle base plate (74), and a second auxiliary plate (73) for pre-embedding in the support structure. When the expansion joint body (91) expands, the sliding plate (72) slides relative to the second auxiliary plate (73).
5. The shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The skateboard (72) is a polytetrafluoroethylene skateboard.
6. The shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second subplate (73) is a carbon steel subplate.
7. The shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first subplate (71) is also included between the saddle base plate (74) and the slide plate (72), the first subplate (71) being a corrosion-resistant stainless steel subplate.
8. The shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The housing (1) further includes an expansion joint assembly (9) located between the first sub-housing (93) and the second sub-housing (94). The first sub-shell (93) is supported by a fixed saddle (11) and a second sliding saddle (8) that is closer to the expansion joint assembly (9) than the fixed saddle (11); The expansion joint assembly (9) includes the expansion joint body (91) and the expansion joint assembly (9) further includes the limiting member (92) for preventing the expansion joint body (91) from expanding beyond the limit; the limiting member (92) has one end as a fixed force support and the other end to limit the displacement of the expansion joint body (91); the first end of the limiting member (92) is fixedly connected to the first sub-shell (93); the second end of the limiting member (92) is located on the side of the expansion joint body (91) close to the second sub-shell (94); the second end of the limiting member (92) and the expansion joint body (91) have a gap of a set width to avoid the deformation of the expansion joint body (91) from exceeding the deformation limit.
9. The shell-and-tube evaporator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second end has a gap of a set width between it and the expansion joint body (91).