Clamp for high-precision end face tooth machining

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of clamp tools, in particular to a high-precision end face tooth machining clamp which comprises an upper clamp, a lower clamp and a fixing piece, the upper clamp and the lower clamp are detachably connected with each other and are of hollow stepped shaft structures, and a connecting mechanism is arranged between the upper clamp and the lower clamp. The lower clamp is detachably connected to the auxiliary workbench through a fixing piece. The upper clamp and the lower clamp are provided with a plurality of sets of fixing units in the axial direction, and each set of fixing unit at least comprises three fasteners used for fixing the gear shaft in the radial direction. By means of the scheme, the gear shaft can be stably clamped, it is ensured that the central axis of the gear shaft coincides with the center of the auxiliary workbench, and therefore the machining precision of end face teeth is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fixture and tooling technology, specifically to a high-precision fixture for machining end face teeth. Background Technology

[0002] For gear shaft parts with face teeth, the machining accuracy requirements for the face teeth are very high. Due to the limitations of the gear grinding machine's structural design, currently, the only option for grinding face teeth is to vertically clamp the gear shaft parts. The typical clamping method for gear shaft grinding is for a robotic arm to directly hold the shaft portion, with the bottom non-machined end positioned by a center hole and a center point. Since the face teeth are located at the top of the gear shaft, for gear shaft parts with a large step difference between the intermediate gear and the shaft diameter, the robotic arm can only clamp the ends of the gear shaft, requiring alignment at only two points. Furthermore, the adjustment accuracy of existing robotic arms is only at the centimeter level, which is insufficient for complete alignment of the gear shaft. In addition, the gear shaft itself is relatively heavy (typically about 5-10 tons, some large gear shafts can reach 100 tons). During face tooth machining, the eccentric force of the gear grinding machine makes it difficult for the robotic arm to maintain sufficient clamping stability, resulting in severely insufficient machining accuracy of the face teeth. Some face teeth may even be scrapped, causing serious production accidents and significant economic losses.

[0003] Therefore, in order to solve the clamping problem in the grinding of the end face teeth of large gear shafts and overcome the defects of existing technologies, there is an urgent need for a high-precision end face tooth machining fixture that can stably and quickly complete the fixed clamping of the gear shaft and ensure that the machining accuracy of the end face teeth meets the standards. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a high-precision end face gear machining fixture, which can stably and quickly complete the fixed clamping of gear shaft, and solve the problems of insufficient clamping stability and end face gear machining accuracy of existing fixtures.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-precision end face gear machining fixture includes an upper fixture and a lower fixture that are detachably connected to each other, as well as a fixing member. The upper fixture and the lower fixture are both hollow stepped shaft structures. A connecting mechanism is provided between the upper fixture and the lower fixture. The lower fixture is detachably connected to an auxiliary worktable through the fixing member. The upper fixture and the lower fixture are provided with multiple sets of fixing units along their axial direction. Each set of fixing units includes at least three fasteners for radially fixing the gear shaft.

[0007] The principles and advantages of this scheme are:

[0008] The clamping accuracy is high and the stability is good. Existing gear shaft clamping and machining methods are only suitable for situations where the diameter difference between the stepped shafts of the gear shaft is small. Furthermore, for gear shafts with excessively large stepped shafts, existing clamping methods will lead to a significant reduction in machining accuracy, failing to meet the machining accuracy requirements of the end face teeth. To solve the problem of substandard machining accuracy for such gear shafts, the inventors analyzed and designed the device of this solution. For easy installation and fixation, the clamp is designed as a split type, consisting of an upper clamp and a lower clamp. After the upper and lower clamps are connected, the internal stepped shaft space can effectively accommodate the gear shaft. To achieve precise positioning of the gear shaft, this device employs three positioning measures. The first measure involves adjusting the lower clamp after installation to ensure coaxiality with the center, guaranteeing accurate axial positioning at the bottom. The second measure is the axial fixing unit of the lower clamp, which allows for horizontal adjustment and positioning of the axial position. After these two positioning measures, the gear shaft is essentially aligned. The third measure is the axial fixing unit of the upper clamp, which completely adjusts and fixes the gear shaft's axis to coincide with the center point of the auxiliary worktable. Multiple fixing unit bolts ensure the stability of clamping and fixing, and the precise positioning ensures the machining accuracy of the end face teeth.

[0009] Preferably, as an improvement, the connecting mechanism includes a threaded hole and a bolt connected in the threaded hole, the threaded hole being located at the mating end of the upper clamp and the lower clamp.

[0010] Bolt connections are simple and reliable, and can stably connect the upper and lower clamps, ensuring overall stability and machining accuracy.

[0011] Preferably, as an improvement, the connecting mechanism has a stop structure, which includes a male stop and a female stop. The male stop is located at the open end of the upper clamp, and the female stop is located at the open end of the lower clamp.

[0012] To further improve installation efficiency, after careful analysis of the stress state of the fixture, it was found that the upper fixture is mainly subjected to lateral force during end face gear machining. Therefore, the connection mechanism was designed as a stop structure. Installation can be completed simply by aligning the male stop with the female stop and inserting it. This is convenient and fast, and does not affect the stability of clamping or machining accuracy, thus improving the overall machining efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, as an improvement, the fastener includes a fixing bolt and a flange mounted on the end of the lower clamp, the flange being connected to the auxiliary worktable by the fixing bolt.

[0014] The lower clamp is equipped with a flange at its end. The flange provides a support plane to effectively support and fix the lower clamp. At the same time, the flange can be easily installed and disassembled, making maintenance simple and cost-effective.

[0015] Preferably, as an improvement, the fastener includes a positioning bolt, and the fixing unit further includes a positioning hole for mounting the positioning bolt. The positioning bolt includes a head bolt and a hex bolt, with the head bolt located at the inside corner of the upper and lower clamps and the hex bolt located at the non-inside corner of the upper and lower clamps.

[0016] To improve overall installation efficiency, different fixing bolts were used based on the location of each positioning bolt and to facilitate installation. The space at the narrow corners of the upper and lower clamps makes installing hexagonal bolts very difficult; therefore, convex head bolts were used in these areas, allowing for easy tightening with a tool. The remaining parts have no special requirements and only require the installation of hexagonal bolts.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the end of the positioning bolt away from the bolt head is provided with a rubber layer.

[0018] Since both the gear shaft and the positioning bolt are metal, there is a risk of slippage and mutual wear. To avoid these risks, a rubber layer is provided at the end of the positioning bolt away from the bolt head, which not only improves the anti-slip performance but also effectively prevents mutual wear.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the clearance between the upper and lower clamps and the gear shaft is 5-8 cm.

[0020] Analyzing the structural dimensions of all gear shafts and considering the length required for stable positioning by the positioning bolts, the dimensions of the upper and lower clamps were designed. After the upper and lower clamps fix the gear shafts, the gap between the upper and lower clamps and the gear shafts is 5-8cm.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the lower clamp is coaxial with the center.

[0022] Considering that the lower clamp needs to be pre-tightened after installation and needs to be repositioned to ensure that the lower clamp is coaxial with the center, which is troublesome and time-consuming, the lower clamp is directly coaxial with the center when designing the connection position of the lower clamp. In this way, the alignment is basically completed after the lower clamp is installed, which improves the installation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 AA view.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 BB view.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 5 The CC view. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0031] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: auxiliary worktable 1, gear shaft 2, center point 3, lower clamp 4, upper clamp 5, positioning bolt 6, fixing bolt 7, stop mechanism 8, end face tooth 201, hex bolt 601, convex head bolt 602, male stop 801, and female stop 802.

[0032] Example 1 is basically as shown in the appendix. Figure 1-4 As shown:

[0033] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a high-precision fixture for machining the end face gear 201 includes a lower fixture 4, an upper fixture 5, and a fixing component. A center point 3 is fixed at the center point of an auxiliary worktable 1. Both the upper fixture 5 and the lower fixture 4 are hollow stepped shaft structures, connected and fixed together by bolts. The bottom of the lower fixture 4 is fixed to the auxiliary worktable 1 via the fixing component. After installation, the lower fixture 4 is coaxial with the center point 3, forming the first positioning measure. The fixing component includes fixing bolts and a flange installed at the lower end of the lower fixture. The flange is connected to the auxiliary worktable 1 by fixing bolts 7, which are self-locking bolts. Tightening the self-locking bolts creates a self-locking mechanism, preventing loosening under vibration or other external forces. After the lower fixture 4 is aligned and fixed, its position remains stable, thus ensuring the precise fixing of the gear shaft 2.

[0034] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4 are provided with multiple sets of fixing units along their axial direction, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 3-4As shown, each fixing unit includes three fasteners for radially fixing the gear shaft and positioning holes that mate with the fasteners. The fasteners of the lower clamp 4 serve as the second positioning measure, and the fasteners of the upper clamp 5 serve as the third positioning measure. The position of the gear shaft 2 is adjusted by the fasteners so that the central axis of the gear shaft 2 coincides with the center point of the auxiliary worktable 1. The fasteners are positioning bolts 6, which are divided into hexagonal bolts 601 and convex head bolts 602 according to their installation positions. The convex head bolts 602 are installed in the positioning holes at the inside corners of the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4, while the hexagonal bolts 601 are installed in the positioning holes at the non-inside corners of the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4. Because the space at the inside corners is narrow, it is very inconvenient to operate with a wrench. Therefore, a special convex head bolt 602 is designed. The convex head of the convex head bolt 602 is longer, which effectively expands the operating area. The operator can easily tighten the convex head bolt 602 with a wrench. For other positions where there is enough space, hexagonal screws 601 are used. The end of the positioning bolt 6 away from the bolt head is provided with a rubber layer. The rubber layer is used to increase the friction when the fixing bolt 6 contacts the gear shaft 2, making it more stable and preventing scratches on the gear shaft 2.

[0035] The upper end of gear shaft 2 has end face teeth 201, and the lower end of gear shaft 2 has a center hole. Aligning the center hole of gear shaft 2 with the center point 3, the gear shaft is lowered to achieve initial centering of the central axis. After installation, the gap between the upper and lower clamps and the gear shaft is 5-8 cm. The structural dimensions of all existing gear shafts were analyzed, and the length required for stable positioning of the positioning bolt 6 was calculated. After comprehensive consideration, the dimensions of the upper and lower clamps were designed. When the gap between the upper and lower clamps and the gear shaft is 5-8 cm, overall adjustment is convenient and stability is optimal.

[0036] First, align the threaded hole of the lower clamp 4 with the corresponding threaded hole of the auxiliary worktable 1. Then, insert the self-locking bolt into the threaded hole to fix the lower clamp 4 on the auxiliary worktable 1. The operator uses a gantry crane to lift the gear shaft 2 above the lower clamp 4, aligns it with the center point 3, and lowers the gear shaft 2. After the gear shaft 2 is in place, insert hex bolts 601 and cam bolts 602 into the threaded holes on the side wall of the lower clamp 4. Use a wrench to initially tighten the hex bolts 601 and cam bolts 602, and use a dial indicator for centering. Adjust and tighten the positioning bolts 6 accordingly. Then, align the threaded hole of the upper clamp 5 with the threaded hole of the lower clamp 4, insert the hex bolts 601 and tighten them to complete the connection between the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4. Then, insert the corresponding hex bolts 601 and cam bolts 602 into the threaded holes on the side wall of the upper clamp 5. Use a wrench to initially tighten the hex bolts 601 and cam bolts 602, and use a dial indicator for centering. After adjusting and reaching the correct position, tighten the positioning bolts 6. This completes the overall installation and alignment, and the gear grinding machine can then be operated to process the end face teeth 201.

[0037] Example 2 is attached. Figure 5-7 As shown:

[0038] As attached Figure 5 The difference between the shown embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the connecting mechanism between the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4 is the stop structure 8, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 6-7 As shown, the lower edge of the upper clamp 5 is provided with a male stop 801, and the upper edge of the lower clamp 4 is provided with a female stop 802. The male stop 801 and female stop 802 of the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4 cooperate with each other to complete the overall connection of the device. In order to simplify the installation process and improve the operation and installation efficiency as much as possible, after analyzing the working force state of the entire device, it was found that during the machining of the end face tooth 201, the whole is mainly subjected to lateral force. For the connection limit of the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4, only the lateral limit needs to be considered. Based on this analysis, the connection mechanism of the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4 was improved, and the bolt connection was optimized to the stop mechanism 8 connection, which greatly improved the connection efficiency between the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4, and thus improved the overall operation efficiency.

[0039] The difference from Embodiment 1 lies in the connection operation of the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4. After fixing the lower clamp 4 and initially aligning the gear shaft 2, the male stop 801 of the upper clamp 5 is aligned with the female stop 802 of the lower clamp 4 and inserted, thus completing the connection between the upper clamp 5 and the lower clamp 4. The rest is the same as in Embodiment 1 and will not be described again here.

[0040] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-precision fixture for machining end face teeth, characterized in that: It includes an upper clamp and a lower clamp that are detachably connected to each other, as well as a fixing member. Both the upper clamp and the lower clamp are hollow stepped shaft structures. A connecting mechanism is provided between the upper clamp and the lower clamp. The lower clamp is detachably connected to the auxiliary worktable through the fixing member. The upper clamp and the lower clamp are provided with multiple sets of fixing units along their axial direction. Each set of fixing units includes at least three fasteners for radially fixing the gear shaft.

2. The high-precision end-face gear machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism includes a threaded hole and a bolt connected in the threaded hole, the threaded hole being located at the mating end of the upper clamp and the lower clamp.

3. The high-precision end-face gear machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism has a stop structure, which includes a male stop and a female stop. The male stop is located at the open end of the upper clamp, and the female stop is located at the open end of the lower clamp.

4. A high-precision end-face gear machining fixture according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The fasteners include fixing bolts and a flange mounted on the end of the lower clamp. The flange is connected to the auxiliary workbench by fixing bolts.

5. A high-precision end-face gear machining fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fastener includes a positioning bolt, and the fixing unit also includes a positioning hole for installing the positioning bolt. The positioning bolt includes a convex head bolt and a hexagonal bolt. The convex head bolt is located at the inside corner of the upper clamp and the lower clamp, and the hexagonal bolt is located at the non-inside corner of the upper clamp and the lower clamp.

6. A high-precision end-face gear machining fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning bolt has a rubber layer at the end away from the bolt head.

7. A high-precision end-face gear machining fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gap between the upper and lower clamps and the gear shaft is 5-8 cm.

8. A high-precision end-face gear machining fixture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower clamp is coaxial with the center.

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