Downdraft garbage pyrolysis gasification device

Abstract

A downdraft garbage pyrolysis gasification device relates to the technical field of garbage treatment and comprises a downdraft gasification furnace and a matched feeding mechanism. One side of the top of the gasification furnace is provided with a feed port, the chute plate is arranged on the feed port side, and the panel chute is provided with an opening corresponding to the feed port. The hopper is slidably connected into the sliding groove, the bottom of the hopper is wedge-shaped, the hopper wall is tightly attached to the sliding groove, and when a discharging opening of the hopper is aligned with a feeding opening, materials can slide down due to dead weight. The driving device comprises a lead screw, a nut, a mounting frame and a motor and drives the hopper to ascend and descend. A cover plate with a guide column is arranged at a feed port of the gasification furnace, and the cover plate can be pushed to move upwards when the hopper ascends. A conveyor belt is arranged in the feeding port, a vibration device is arranged on the inclined face of the hopper bottom, and the sliding groove plate is a hollow shell. When the hopper ascends and descends, automatic feeding is achieved when the discharging opening is aligned with the feeding opening, and efficiency and convenience are improved; during dislocation, the sliding groove plate plays a role in sealing and leakage prevention, and safe and stable operation is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to garbage treatment technical field especially is involved in a kind of down-draft type garbage pyrolysis gasification device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In today's society, with the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of living standards, garbage disposal problem is increasingly serious. Traditional garbage disposal methods such as landfill and incineration have many drawbacks, such as large land occupation, serious secondary pollution, etc. Garbage pyrolysis gasification, as a new garbage disposal technology, has been widely concerned due to its high processing efficiency, less pollution and energy recovery.

[0003] Down-draft type garbage pyrolysis gasification device is one of the important equipment in garbage pyrolysis gasification technology. The current common down-draft type gasification furnace mostly adopts top feeding method, and the traditional feeding device mainly has two types of conveyor belt and screw feeder. However, the conveyor belt has obvious defects when feeding in the vertical direction, and cannot effectively realize vertical conveying, thereby occupying a large space position; while the screw feeder has the ability of vertical feeding, but is only suitable for conveying small particle size materials. When processing household garbage, due to the complexity and diversity of household garbage composition, it is easy to cause jam failure, affecting normal feeding.

[0004] In view of the many problems of traditional feeding device, there is an urgent need in the industry for a new device that can efficiently and stably feed down-draft type gasification furnace. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background art, the utility model discloses a down-draft type garbage pyrolysis gasification device.

[0006] To achieve the above invention purposes, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A down-draft type garbage pyrolysis gasification device, comprising:

[0008] A down-draft type gasification furnace is provided with a feeding port on one side of the top;

[0009] A chute plate is installed on the side of the down-draft type gasification furnace provided with the feeding port, and the plate surface is provided with a chute, and the chute is provided with an opening corresponding to the position of the feeding port of the down-draft type gasification furnace;

[0010] A hopper is slidingly connected in the chute of the chute plate, and the bottom thereof is wedge-shaped; the hopper wall in the chute is tightly attached to the chute, and the hopper wall on the side of the hopper is provided with a discharge port; when the discharge port is aligned with the feeding port of the down-draft type gasification furnace, the material in the hopper enters the down-draft type gasification furnace.

[0011] A driving device is installed on the side of the chute plate away from the down-draft type gasification furnace, for driving the hopper to rise and fall.

[0012] Preferably, the driving device comprises:

[0013] The screw rod is provided with two, respectively located on both sides of the hopper, and the bottom of the screw rod is rotationally connected with the chute plate;

[0014] The nut is provided with two, respectively mounted on both sides of the hopper, and the two nuts are respectively threadedly connected with the two screw rods.

[0015] The mounting frame is mounted on the top of the downdraft gasification furnace, and the top of the screw rod is rotationally connected with the mounting frame;

[0016] The motor is mounted on the mounting frame and is synchronously drivenly connected with the two screw rods.

[0017] Preferably, the cover plate is provided at the feed inlet of the downdraft gasification furnace, two guide columns are provided at the top of the cover plate, the guide columns are movably penetrated through the mounting frame, and the cover plate can be pushed up when the hopper rises to the feed inlet of the downdraft gasification furnace.

[0018] Preferably, the feed inlet of the downdraft gasification furnace is provided with a conveying belt.

[0019] Preferably, the vibrating device is mounted on the inclined surface at the bottom of the hopper.

[0020] Preferably, the chute plate is a hollow shell structure.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The chute plate of the feeding mechanism is mounted on one side of the feed inlet of the downdraft gasification furnace, the hopper is slidingly connected in the chute of the chute plate and has a wedge-shaped structure at the bottom, the side of the hopper wall close to the opening of the chute plate is provided with a discharge port extending to the bottom, so that when the discharge port is accurately aligned with the feed inlet during the lifting process of the hopper, the garbage can automatically slide into the gasification furnace by means of its own gravity, automatic feeding is realized, and the feeding efficiency and convenience are greatly improved. At the same time, when the discharge port is misaligned with the feed inlet, the discharge port is tightly attached to the bottom of the chute plate, the chute plate plays a guiding role and also acts as a sealing component, effectively preventing gas leakage and foreign matter from entering, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the device.

[0023] The various configuration forms of the driving device, such as the combination of the screw rod, the nut and the motor, or the adoption of the telescopic cylinder, and the design that the hopper can be lowered to the ground level, make garbage filling more convenient and the feeding process more flexible and controllable. The cover plate and the guide column structure added in the second embodiment automatically open and close the feed inlet through the lifting action of the hopper, further enhance the sealing performance of the feed inlet, simplify the operation process, and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0024] The conveying belt can uniformly and stably convey the garbage to the interior of the gasification furnace, effectively avoids garbage accumulation and blockage, improves the stability and fluency of feeding, and further improves the working efficiency and operation stability of the device.

[0025] The vibration device on the inclined surface of the hopper bottom can promote the garbage to be discharged more completely and ensure the feeding amount to be accurate and without residue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Fig. 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0027] Fig. 2 It is a feeding port closed state schematic view of the down-draft gasification furnace;

[0028] Fig. 3 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0029] Fig. 4 It is a side view of the utility model;

[0030] Fig. 5 It is a top view of the utility model.

[0031] In the figure: 1, down-draft gasification furnace; 2, chute plate; 3, hopper; 4, driving device; 4-1, lead screw; 4-2, nut; 4-3, mounting frame; 4-4, motor; 5, cover plate; 6, guide column; 7, conveying belt; 8, vibration device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0033] In the description of the utility model, it should be explained that the positions or location relations indicated by the terms "upper", "lower" and the like are based on the positions or location relations shown in the drawings, or the positions or location relations commonly placed when the utility model product is used, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Embodiment one:

[0036] Combined with the attached Figs. 1-5 A down-draft garbage pyrolysis gasification device, comprising a down-draft gasification furnace 1 and a feeding mechanism for feeding the down-draft gasification furnace 1. The down-draft gasification furnace 1 is a mature product on the market, and its core function is to promote the pyrolysis and gasification process of garbage. Since the detailed structure and working principle of the gasification furnace have been fully described in the prior art, this embodiment will not be repeated.

[0037] The commonly used down-draft gasification furnace 1 at present mostly adopts a top feeding method, and a feeding port is specially provided on one side of the top. The traditional feeding device generally has two types of conveying belt and screw feeder. However, the conveying belt has obvious defects when feeding in the vertical direction, and cannot effectively realize vertical conveying, thereby occupying a large space position; while the screw feeder has the ability of vertical feeding, but is only suitable for conveying small particle size materials, and when processing household garbage, due to the complex composition and various forms of household garbage, it is easy to cause jamming failure, affecting normal feeding.

[0038] In view of the above problems, the feeding mechanism is designed in this embodiment, and the specific components thereof include a chute plate 2, a hopper 3 and a driving device 4 for driving the hopper 3 to ascend and descend. The chute plate 2 is accurately installed on the side of the down-draft gasification furnace 1 provided with the feeding port. The chute plate 2 is specially provided with a chute on the plate surface, and an opening is provided at the position corresponding to the feeding port of the down-draft gasification furnace 1, so that the garbage in the hopper 3 can smoothly enter the gasification furnace.

[0039] The hopper 3 is installed in the chute of the chute plate 2 in a sliding connection manner, and the bottom thereof adopts a wedge-shaped structure design. When the hopper 3 is located in the chute, the hopper wall thereof closely fits the chute, ensuring the sealing property of the connection. A discharge port is provided on the hopper wall of the hopper 3 close to the opening of the chute plate 2, and the discharge port extends to the bottom of the hopper 3, so that the garbage in the bottom of the hopper 3 can be discharged without any residue.

[0040] Due to the wedge-shaped structure of the bottom of the hopper 3, the bottom of the hopper 3 as a whole is inclined downward, close to the direction of the feed inlet of the downdraft gasifier 1. When the discharge port is accurately aligned with the feed inlet of the downdraft gasifier 1, the garbage can automatically and smoothly slide into the downdraft gasifier 1 under the action of its own gravity in the hopper 3, successfully realizing the function of automatic feeding.

[0041] When the discharge port is misaligned with the feed inlet of the downdraft gasifier 1, the discharge port will tightly fit with the groove bottom of the chute plate 2, thereby achieving a sealing effect. As can be seen, the chute plate 2 not only serves as a guide for the lifting movement of the hopper 3, but also acts as a sealing component for the discharge port of the hopper 3, realizing the effective integration of multiple functions.

[0042] It is worth mentioning that the chute plate 2 in the embodiment can be a hollow shell structure, or can be made of channel steel. Such design not only ensures that the chute plate 2 has sufficient strength and stability, but also effectively saves materials and reduces production costs.

[0043] On the side of the chute plate 2 away from the downdraft gasifier 1, a driving device 4 for driving the hopper 3 to realize lifting action is installed. The specific structure of the driving device 4 is as follows: it includes two lead screws 4-1, two nuts 4-2, and one motor 4-4. The two lead screws 4-1 are respectively arranged on both sides of the hopper 3, and their bottoms are fixed to the chute plate 2 by rotary connection. The top of the downdraft gasifier 1 is tightly connected with a mounting bracket 4-3, and the tops of the two lead screws 4-1 are correspondingly connected with the mounting bracket 4-3 by rotary connection.

[0044] The nuts 4-2 are installed on both sides of the hopper 3, and the two nuts 4-2 respectively form a threaded connection relationship with the two lead screws 4-1. The motor 4-4 is assembled on the mounting bracket 4-3, and the motor 4-4 is connected with the two lead screws 4-1 by synchronous driving. In actual operation, the motor 4-4 starts to rotate the lead screws 4-1, and the rotation of the lead screws 4-1 drives the hopper 3 to realize stable lifting movement along the chute of the chute plate 2 through threaded transmission.

[0045] It needs to be further explained that the configuration form of the motor 4-4 has flexibility. One motor 4-4 can be provided for each lead screw 4-1 to realize one-to-one transmission connection, or one motor 4-4 can be used to drive the two lead screws 4-1 to rotate synchronously through a synchronous belt or chain transmission mechanism, thereby realizing the lifting operation of the hopper 3. No matter which configuration method is used, it can ensure that the lifting action of the hopper 3 is accurate and reliable, meeting the needs of the feeding process.

[0046] In addition to the driving device 4 composed of the lead screw 4-1, the nut 4-2 and the motor 4-4, there is another optional driving scheme, that is, two telescopic cylinders are used as the driving device 4. The two telescopic cylinders are respectively installed on the two sides of the hopper 3 and directly act on the hopper 3 to drive it to realize the lifting action along the chute of the chute plate 2. This scheme can also achieve the expected feeding effect.

[0047] In the actual installation process, a groove can also be excavated on the ground below the hopper 3, so that the mouth of the hopper 3 is kept flush with the ground. Such a design facilitates the filling of garbage into the hopper 3 by the operating personnel or the transportation equipment, improving the convenience and efficiency of feeding.

[0048] In use of the device, first, the hopper 3 is lowered to the lowest position by the driving device 4, at which time the hopper 3 can be filled with garbage. After the filling is completed, the driving device 4 is started to drive the hopper 3 to rise. When the discharge port of the hopper 3 begins to correspond to the feeding port of the downdraft gasifier 1, the garbage in the hopper 3 will begin to pour into the downdraft gasifier 1 under the action of its own gravity. In order to avoid a large amount of garbage from pouring into the downdraft gasifier 1 at once, the rising speed of the hopper 3 needs to be accurately controlled so that it rises slowly, thereby realizing a uniform and stable feeding process. Until the discharge port of the hopper 3 is completely and accurately aligned with the feeding port of the downdraft gasifier 1, the garbage in the hopper 3 can be smoothly fed into the downdraft gasifier 1, completing a complete feeding operation.

[0049] Embodiment Two:

[0050] In combination with Fig. 1, in this embodiment, a downdraft garbage pyrolysis gasification device is further optimized and improved on the basis of Embodiment One. The specific improvement point lies in that a cover plate 5 is additionally provided at the feeding port of the downdraft gasifier 1, and two guide columns 6 are equidistantly arranged on the top of the cover plate 5. The two guide columns 6 pass through the mounting frame 4-3 in a movable penetrating manner, so that the cover plate 5 can form a vertical sliding fit with the mounting frame 4-3 by means of the guide columns 6.

[0051] When the hopper 3 is in the lowered state, the cover plate 5 will automatically slide to the lowest position under the action of its own gravity, tightly covering the feeding port of the downdraft gasifier 1, effectively preventing foreign matter from entering or gas from leaking. When the hopper 3 rises to the position of the feeding port of the downdraft gasifier 1, the top of the hopper 3 will contact the cover plate 5 and push the cover plate 5 upward in the process of continuous rising, thereby opening the feeding port of the downdraft gasifier 1 and creating conditions for feeding operation.

[0052] After the end of the feeding process, the hopper 3 starts to descend, at this time the cover plate 5 synchronously descends under the action of its own gravity, again automatically closes the feeding port of the down-draft gasification furnace 1, and restores the closed state. This design has simple structure, fewer parts, low manufacturing cost, but can effectively realize the automatic opening and closing function of the feeding port, improve the overall performance and reliability of the device.

[0053] Example three:

[0054] In combination with Fig. 1, the down-draft garbage pyrolysis gasification device described in the embodiment is functionally expanded on the basis of example one or example two. The specific improvement measure is to add a conveyor belt 7 inside the feeding port of the down-draft gasification furnace 1. The conveyor belt 7 adopts the chain plate type conveying device in the prior art, which has the significant advantage of being able to adapt to the relatively harsh working environment in the garbage pyrolysis gasification process, and has high reliability and durability.

[0055] During the feeding operation, the garbage in the hopper 3 first falls on the conveyor belt 7, and then the garbage is uniformly and stably conveyed to the inside of the down-draft gasification furnace 1 by the conveyor belt 7. In this way, the phenomenon of garbage accumulation and blockage at the feeding port of the down-draft gasification furnace 1 is effectively avoided, ensuring the stability and smoothness of the feeding process, and further improving the working efficiency and operation stability of the entire garbage pyrolysis gasification device.

[0056] Example four:

[0057] In combination with Fig. 1, the down-draft garbage pyrolysis gasification device described in the embodiment is functionally expanded on the basis of example one or example two. The specific improvement measure is to add a conveyor belt 7 inside the feeding port of the down-draft gasification furnace 1. The conveyor belt 7 adopts the chain plate type conveying device in the prior art, which has the significant advantage of being able to adapt to the relatively harsh working environment in the garbage pyrolysis gasification process, and has high reliability and durability.

[0058] The part not described in the utility model is the prior art. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be realized in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the utility model; therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and all changes falling within the meaning and scope of equivalent elements should be included in the utility model.

Claims

1. A down-draft type waste pyrolysis gasification apparatus, characterized by, The utility model relates to a down-draft gasification furnace (1) is provided with the feed inlet on one side of the top, the chute plate (2) is installed on one side of the down-draft gasification furnace (1) provided with the feed inlet, the board surface is provided with the chute, and the chute is provided with the opening in the position corresponding the feed inlet of the down-draft gasification furnace (1), the hopper (3) is slidably connected in the chute of the chute plate (2), and the bottom is wedge structure, the hopper (3) is located in the tightness of the chute wall, and the hopper (3) is provided with the discharge port on the side wall, when the discharge port is aligned with the feed inlet of the down-draft gasification furnace (1), the material in the hopper (3) enters the down-draft gasification furnace (1), the drive device (4) is installed on the side of the chute plate (2) away from the down-draft gasification furnace (1), and is used for driving the hopper (3) to go up and down. The drive device (4) comprises: Lead screw (4-1) is provided with two, is located in the both sides of hopper (3) respectively, and the bottom of lead screw (4-1) is rotatably connected with chute plate (2); Nut (4-2) is provided with two, is installed in the both sides of hopper (3) respectively, and two nuts (4-2) are respectively threadedly connected with two lead screws (4-1); Mounting bracket (4-3) is installed on the top of down-draft gasification furnace (1), and the top of lead screw (4-1) is rotatably connected with mounting bracket (4-3) correspondingly; 2. The bottom-draft garbage pyrolysis gasification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein Motor (4-4) is installed on mounting bracket (4-3), and is synchronously drivenly connected with two lead screws (4-1).

3. The down-draft garbage pyrolysis gasification device according to claim 2, wherein: The feed inlet of the down-draft gasification furnace (1) is provided with a cover plate (5), two guide columns (6) are spaced apart on the top of the cover plate (5), the guide columns (6) are movably penetrated through the mounting bracket (4-3), and the cover plate (5) can be pushed up when the hopper (3) is lifted to the feed inlet of the down-draft gasification furnace (1).

4. The down-draft garbage pyrolysis gasification device according to claim 1, wherein: The feed inlet of the down-draft gasification furnace (1) is provided with a conveyor belt (7).

5. The down-draft garbage pyrolysis gasification device according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the hopper (3) is provided with a vibrating device (8) on the inclined surface.

6. The down-draft garbage pyrolysis gasification device according to claim 1, wherein: The chute plate (2) is a hollow shell structure. ​ ​ ​ ​

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